CN114774721A

CN114774721A - Copper alloy smelting automatic system

Info

Publication number: CN114774721A
Application number: CN202210211584.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 宋卡迪; 郭淑梅; 符志祥; 施利霞; 郎滨; 江溢川
Original assignee: Ningbo Changzhen Copper Co ltd
Current assignee: Ningbo Changzhen Copper Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-03-04
Filing date: 2022-03-04
Publication date: 2022-07-22
Anticipated expiration: 2042-03-04
Also published as: CN114774721B

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic system for copper alloy smelting, which comprises a feeding device, a pressing device, a stirring device and a slag salvaging device, wherein the feeding device, the pressing device, the stirring device and the slag salvaging device are controlled by a control device respectively, a feeding window which can be opened and closed is arranged on the front surface of a dust hood above a furnace tank, the feeding device comprises a feeding hopper which can be tilted, the pressing device comprises a pressing cantilever, a pressing rod and a pressing device which can be lifted and horizontally moved, the stirring device comprises a stirring cantilever, a stirring rod and blades which can be lifted, the stirring cantilever is movably connected with the dust hood in a sealing mode, the slag salvaging device comprises a slag salvaging cantilever, a slag salvaging rod and a slag salvaging spoon which can be lifted, the slag salvaging cantilever is movably connected with the dust hood in a sealing mode, and a slag outlet is formed in the side wall of the furnace tank. The system can realize the automation of the whole process operation of copper alloy smelting, improve the manual operation environment, reduce the labor intensity of the operating personnel and save the manpower; the smelting efficiency of the raw materials is improved, the metal burning loss is reduced, and the resource waste is reduced; improves the sealing performance of the dust hood, achieves clean production and is beneficial to the health of operating personnel.

Description

Automatic system is smelted to copper alloy

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of copper alloy processing, in particular to an automatic system for copper alloy smelting.

Background

The ingot production is the first process of copper alloy processing and is also a crucial link, and the high-quality ingot is the quality guarantee of subsequent processing products and the smooth implementation of subsequent processing technology, and is one of the technical cores in the field. Due to the technical characteristics of the fusion casting process, raw materials are added into a high-temperature smelting furnace in order in the smelting process, and phenomena such as material erection, crusting and the like are very easy to occur in the melting process of the raw materials, namely, the lower-part molten furnace burden is separated from the upper-part unmelted raw materials to cause unmelted false images, so that the melt is continuously fed to burn excessively, the furnace wall can be burnt in serious cases, furnace leakage accidents occur, and great loss is caused. In the prior art, in the smelting process, fine particles are easy to float on the surface of a melt, oxidize, slag and volatilize, are easy to be sucked into a dust extraction device by high-speed dust removal, and have high smelting loss. In order to prevent material from being erected, the smelting process clearly specifies that after the furnace burden is added, observation, material smashing and material pressing are required, and after the furnace burden is molten, stirring needs to be enhanced in order to ensure uniformity. In addition, a refining agent is added in the refining process to carry out operations such as heating, slag dragging, melt covering and the like, so that an operator inevitably needs to work at high temperature and volatile matters of more than 1000 ℃, particularly the high-zinc brass alloy containing volatile elements has poor working environment and high labor intensity. Meanwhile, due to the fact that manual operation has more uncontrollable factors and large difference, hidden danger is easily brought to product quality. For many years, the fusion casting process has been the most labor-intensive and worst working environment process, and the human work industry has been difficult to replace despite the continuous innovation of the furnace technology.

The existing automatic charging technology is to push or hang the raw materials from the upper part of a smelting furnace, and patent CN202609607 discloses a charging machine, namely charging materials are added from a furnace mouth at the upper part at one time. However, when the equipment is used, the furnace mouth is opened upwards, and dust and smoke are inevitably polluted. The double-body parallel furnace cannot be used, because the melting of the double-body parallel furnace is performed alternately between two smelting furnaces, when one smelting is completed, the other smelting is in operation, high-temperature volatilization is not suitable for feeding from the top opening of the furnace and from the high position, and only feeding from the side surface is available. Patent CN105605936 discloses a refractory metal melting and stirring device, which is only suitable for small dry boilers. Patent CN212320460 discloses a melting stirring device, which is a fixing device, and is mainly used for stirring a melt, and cannot perform operations of pressing, moving and slagging-off at the same time.

The labor intensity of smelting operators is reduced, the operating environment is improved, the product quality is stabilized, and the clean production is an urgent problem to be solved in the field of copper alloy processing.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an automatic system for copper alloy smelting aiming at the defects of the prior art, the system can realize the automation of the whole process operation of copper alloy smelting, improve the manual operation environment, reduce the labor intensity of operators and save manpower; the smelting efficiency of the raw materials is improved, the metal burning loss is reduced, and the resource waste is reduced; improves the sealing performance of the dust hood, achieves clean production and is beneficial to the health of operating personnel.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: an automatic system for copper alloy smelting comprises a feeding device, a pressing device, a stirring device and a slag salvaging device which are arranged at the periphery of a furnace pool of a copper alloy smelting furnace, wherein the feeding device, the pressing device, the stirring device and the slag salvaging device are respectively controlled by a control device, a furnace door capable of being opened and closed is arranged at a furnace mouth of the copper alloy smelting furnace, a dust hood is arranged above the furnace pool, an openable and closable feeding window is arranged on the front surface of the dust hood, the feeding device comprises a tiltable feeding hopper, the size of a front tongue of the feeding hopper is matched with that of the feeding window, the pressing device is arranged opposite to the feeding window, the pressing device comprises a pressing cantilever, a pressing rod and a pressing device which can be lifted and moved horizontally, the pressing rod is fixed on the pressing cantilever, and the pressing device is fixed on the pressing rod, agitating unit include liftable stirring cantilever, puddler and blade, the stirring cantilever with take out the sealed active link of dirt cover, the puddler install with horizontal migration stirring cantilever on, the blade install the puddler on, drag for the sediment device include the liftable drag for the sediment cantilever, drag for the sediment pole and drag for the sediment spoon, drag for the sediment cantilever with take out the sealed active link of dirt cover, drag for the sediment pole install with horizontal migration drag for the sediment cantilever on, drag for the sediment spoon rotatably install drag for the sediment pole on, the lateral wall of furnace hearth seted up the slag notch, slag notch and a collection slag box communicate with each other.

The copper alloy smelting automation system can realize automation of the whole process operation of copper alloy smelting, and comprises the automation of smelting furnace feeding, the automation of material pressing and material smashing in the smelting process, the automation of melt stirring and the automation of smelting and slag removing, so that the manual operation environment can be improved, the labor intensity of operators can be reduced, and the labor can be saved.

The charging window is arranged on the front surface of the dust extraction cover. Because manual operation is not needed, the size of the feeding window can be greatly reduced, and the size of the front tongue of the feeding hopper is only required to be met. The dosing window is closed when not in use to prevent volatiles from escaping.

The proportioned furnace burden is hung into the charging hopper, and during charging, the charging hopper is inclined, so that the furnace burden is automatically fed into the smelting furnace through the charging window, and the auxiliary charging of operators is not needed.

The material pressing rod and the material pressing device can lift along with the material pressing cantilever, so that material pressing automation is realized, and the space above the furnace tank is not occupied when the material pressing device is not used. The swaging rod is used for arranging furnace burden tightly without bridge. When the material pressing device descends, furnace burden can be strongly pressed into the melted melt, the material pressing device is particularly suitable for fine crushed materials such as copper rice, turning scraps and the like, and the material pressing device can effectively avoid oxidation slagging caused by the fact that the fine crushed materials float on the surface of the melt, so that the smelting efficiency of raw materials is improved, the burning loss is reduced, and the resource waste is reduced.

Agitating unit's stirring cantilever can drive puddler and blade and reciprocate, when playing the stirring effect, can play the effect of pounding the material, impresses the material in the stove in the fuse-element, avoids the bridging phenomenon and the incrustation phenomenon of raw materials material melting material in-process, improves and melts efficiency. The stirring rod can move horizontally to complete the melt stirring of the full molten pool.

The slag dragging cantilever of the slag dragging device can drive the slag dragging rod and the slag dragging spoon to move up and down, the slag dragging spoon is not used and is folded up, and the slag dragging cantilever falls down during use. When needing to drag for the sediment, fall and drag for the sediment spoon, drag for the sediment spoon and gather, scoop out the slag to the slag notch, make the slag get into the unified collection of collection sediment case through the slag notch and handle, thoroughly solved the problem that needs the operation under the high temperature more than 1000 ℃ when traditional manual work drags for the sediment.

Stirring cantilever and drag for the sediment cantilever respectively with take out the sealed active link of dirt cover, when stirring cantilever or dragging for the sediment cantilever and reciprocate, the dust extraction cover can slide from top to bottom simultaneously, has both satisfied the removal of stirring cantilever and dragging for the sediment cantilever, simultaneously because automation mechanized operation's stability, the closure of dust extraction cover is better, has overcome the environmental control under the traditional manual operation mode not enough, the volatile substance easily spills over the problem, reaches clean production, does benefit to the operation personnel health.

Preferably, the rear part of the charging hopper is arranged on a trolley in a lifting way, and the trolley can move front and back and left and right. The trolley is used as a carrier of the charging hopper, and the structure is simple, and the use is convenient and flexible.

Preferably, the feeding device is a pulse feeding device, and the tilting angle of a feeding hopper of the pulse feeding device is 0-30 degrees. The pulse feeding device can slowly and repeatedly feed the furnace burden into the smelting furnace, and better meets the feeding sequence requirements of different raw materials.

Preferably, the copper alloy smelting furnace is a monomer smelting furnace; or the copper alloy smelting furnace is a double-body parallel smelting furnace formed by two parallel furnaces, the number of the feeding windows is two, and each feeding window corresponds to one furnace. When the invention is applied to the double-body parallel smelting furnace, the smelting efficiency of the double-body parallel smelting furnace can be further improved.

Preferably, the dust hood comprises a hood body, two sides of the hood body are respectively and movably connected with a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate, the stirring cantilever is fixedly connected with the first connecting plate in a sealing manner, and the slag dragging cantilever is fixedly connected with the second connecting plate in a sealing manner. When the stirring cantilever drives first connecting plate downstream, the second connecting plate is motionless, the cover body with one side of first connecting plate active link along with first connecting plate downstream, the same reason, when dragging for the sediment cantilever and driving second connecting plate downstream, first connecting plate motionless, the cover body with one side of second connecting plate active link along with second connecting plate downstream to guarantee the total closure of dust extraction cover among the full process automation operation process that the copper alloy was smelted, ensure that the volatile matter is not excessive.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1) the automatic system for smelting copper alloy can realize automation of the whole process operation of smelting copper alloy, and comprises the automation of charging of a smelting furnace, the automation of pressing and smashing in the smelting process, the automation of melt stirring and the automation of smelting and slagging-off, thereby improving the manual operation environment, reducing the labor intensity of operators and saving manpower;

2) the copper alloy smelting automation system can improve the smelting efficiency of raw materials, reduce metal burning loss and reduce resource waste; after the copper alloy smelting automatic system is adopted, the copper content in dust collected by the dust extraction cover is reduced by 40-60% compared with that in the traditional smelting process;

3) the invention improves the sealing property of the dust hood, overcomes the problems of insufficient environmental control and easy volatile substance overflow in the traditional manual operation mode, achieves clean production and is beneficial to the health of operating personnel.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of an automated copper alloy melting system with the top of the hood removed;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1 (including the top of the suction hood);

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 1 (including the top of the dust extraction hood);

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a charging state of an automated system for copper alloy melting according to an embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a material pressing state of the automatic copper alloy smelting system in the embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a first schematic view showing the stirring state of the automated system for copper alloy smelting according to the embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a stirring state of the automated system for copper alloy smelting in the embodiment II;

FIG. 8 is a first schematic diagram illustrating a slag salvaging state of the copper alloy smelting automation system in the embodiment;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a slag salvaging state of the copper alloy smelting automation system in the embodiment.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following examples of the drawings.

The automatic system for copper alloy smelting of the embodiment is shown in the figure, and comprises a feeding device 1, a pressing device 2, a stirring device 3 and a slag fishing device 4 which are arranged at the periphery of a furnace pool 61 of a copper alloy smelting furnace 6, wherein the operations of the feeding device 1, the pressing device 2, the stirring device 3 and the slag fishing device 4 are respectively controlled by a control device (not shown in the figure), a furnace door (not shown in the figure) capable of being opened and closed is arranged at a furnace mouth 62 of the copper alloy smelting furnace 6, a dust hood 5 is arranged above the furnace pool 61, an openable feeding window 51 is arranged at the front side of the dust hood 5, the feeding device 1 comprises a tilting feeding hopper 11, the size of a front tongue of the feeding hopper 11 is matched with the feeding window 51, the pressing device 2 is arranged opposite to the feeding window 51, the pressing device 2 comprises a pressing cantilever 21, a pressing rod 22 and a pressing device 23 which can move up and down, the pressing rod 22 is fixed on the pressing cantilever 21, the swager 23 is fixed on the swage 22, agitating unit 3 includes liftable stirring cantilever 31, puddler 32 and blade 33, stirring cantilever 31 and take out the sealed active link of dirt hood 5, puddler 32 can install on stirring cantilever 31 with horizontal migration, blade 33 is installed on puddler 32, drag for the sediment device 4 including liftable drag for the sediment cantilever 41, drag for sediment pole 42 and drag for the sediment spoon 43, drag for sediment cantilever 41 and take out the sealed active link of dirt hood 5, drag for sediment pole 42 and install on dragging for sediment cantilever 41 with horizontal migration, drag for the sediment spoon 43 and rotatably install on dragging for the sediment pole 42, slag notch 63 has been seted up to the lateral wall of furnace hearth 61, slag notch 63 communicates with each other with a slag-collecting box (not shown in the figure).

In this embodiment, the rear part of the hopper 11 is arranged on a trolley 12 in a lifting way, and the trolley 12 can move back and forth and left and right; feeding device 1 is pulse feeding device 1, and the angle of verting of its loading hopper 11 is 0~ 30.

In this embodiment, the dust hood 5 includes a hood body 52, two sides of the hood body 52 are movably connected to the first connection plate 53 and the second connection plate 54 via existing movable hinges (not shown), the stirring arm 31 is fixedly connected to the first connection plate 53 in a sealing manner, and the slag removing arm 41 is fixedly connected to the second connection plate 54 in a sealing manner.

The specific connection of the various parts used in this document can be achieved by conventional means well established in the art, and the control means are conventional known devices.

Application case 1: fusion casting furnace number 20211135B, batching 2000 kg, raw materials: copper rice, scrap foam recovery, scrap edge processing, waste bars, wires, metal zinc and the like. Proportioning the materials according to the proportion and loading the materials into a charging hopper 11. A certain amount of starting melt is left in the copper alloy smelting furnace 6, the trolley 12 loaded with the charging hopper 11 moves to the furnace mouth 62, the furnace door and the charging window 51 are opened, the charging hopper 11 inclines, and pulse charging is started; when the mixture is added to four fifths of the height in the furnace, the mixture is heated and melted under high pressure, the stirring rod 32 moves, and the mixture is rammed and the furnace charge is arranged (the schematic diagram of the rammed mixture state can be seen in figures 6 and 7), so that the mixture is compact without bridge; when the furnace material is nearly melted, the charging hopper 11 continues to charge, more copper water exists in the furnace at the moment, the charging is continued to be charged below the furnace mouth 62, the stirring rod 32 returns, the material pressing device 23 is moved, the furnace material is strongly pressed into the melted melt and is fully contacted with the melt, and the melting is accelerated; when the material in the furnace is quickly changed, the actions are repeated, and the material is continuously added until the material in the furnace is completely changed. After the material in the furnace is completely melted, the temperature is continuously raised, and the material pressing device 23 is reset for standby. The stirring rod 32 works to finish the liquid level, and then goes deep into the melt to stir back and forth, so that the furnace burden is fully melted, uniform and alloyed; and (3) continuously heating the melt, keeping the temperature after the temperature reaches the process requirement, moving the stirring rod 32 upwards at the moment, stirring back and forth at a liquid-slag interface to promote slag-liquid separation, finally stirring in a slag layer to further separate out copper liquid wrapped in slag, and then resetting the stirring rod 32. Standing according to the process requirement, then working the slag fishing device 4, falling the slag fishing spoon 43 to start slag raking, and gathering and scooping out the slag from the slag fishing spoon 43 to the slag outlet 63, so that the slag enters the slag collection box through the slag outlet 63 to be collected and processed uniformly. After the slag removing requirement is met, the slag removing device 4 stops working, and the slag removing cantilever 41 drives the slag removing rod 42 and the slag removing spoon 43 to reset for standby. And (4) taking the analysis sample before the furnace to be qualified, waiting for the converter, and finishing all smelting. The detection shows that the melt ingot casting product is qualified, and the final product of subsequent processing meets the product standard requirement.

Application case 2: fusion casting furnace number 202110216B, batching 2000 kg, raw materials: copper rice, scrap foam recovery, scrap processing, scrap bars, wires, metal zinc and the like. Proportioning the materials according to the proportion and loading the materials into a charging hopper 11. A certain amount of starting melt is left in the copper alloy smelting furnace 6, the trolley 12 carrying the charging hopper 11 moves to the furnace mouth 62, the furnace door and the charging window 51 are opened, the charging hopper 11 inclines, and pulse charging is started; when the mixture is added to four fifths of the height of the furnace, the stirring rod 32 moves, and the materials are pounded and the furnace burden is arranged to be compact without bridging; when the furnace material is nearly melted, the charging hopper 11 continues charging, at the moment, more copper water exists in the furnace, the charging is continued to be charged below the furnace mouth 62, the stirring rod 32 returns, the material pressing device 23 is moved, the furnace material is strongly pressed into the melted melt and is fully contacted with the melt, and the melting is accelerated; when the material in the furnace is quickly changed, the actions are repeated, and the material is continuously added until the material in the furnace is completely changed. After the material in the furnace is completely melted, the temperature is continuously raised, and the material pressing device 23 is reset for standby. The stirring rod 32 works to finish the liquid level, and then goes deep into the melt to stir back and forth, so that the furnace burden is fully melted, uniform and alloyed; and (3) continuously heating the melt, keeping the temperature after the temperature reaches the process requirement, moving the stirring rod 32 upwards at the moment, stirring back and forth at a liquid-slag interface to promote slag-liquid separation, finally stirring in a slag layer to further separate out copper liquid wrapped in slag, and then resetting the stirring rod 32. Standing according to the process requirement, then working the slag fishing device 4, falling the slag fishing spoon 43 to start slag raking, and gathering and scooping out the slag from the slag fishing spoon 43 to the slag outlet 63, so that the slag enters the slag collection box through the slag outlet 63 to be collected and processed uniformly. After the slag removing requirement is met, the slag removing device 4 stops working, and the slag removing cantilever 41 drives the slag removing rod 42 and the slag removing spoon 43 to reset for standby. Taking a front analysis sample, calculating a dilution compensation element if the element content does not meet the discharge requirement, loading a compensation material into a loading hopper 11, adding the compensation material into the furnace through a loading window 51, independently starting a stirring device 3, carrying out operations such as melting material stirring, homogenizing, slag separation and the like on the melt, waiting for the converter after the re-sampling is qualified, and finishing all smelting. The detection shows that the melt ingot casting product is qualified, and the final product of subsequent processing meets the product standard requirement.

After the copper alloy smelting automatic system is adopted after the production of multiple-melting-time cast ingots, the copper content in dust collected by the dust extraction hood 5 is reduced to 5-12% from 12-20% of the traditional smelting process through detection and statistics.

Claims

1. An automatic system for copper alloy smelting is characterized by comprising a feeding device, a pressing device, a stirring device and a slag fishing device which are arranged on the periphery of a furnace pool of a copper alloy smelting furnace, wherein the feeding device, the pressing device, the stirring device and the slag fishing device are respectively controlled by a control device, a furnace door capable of being opened and closed is arranged at a furnace mouth of the copper alloy smelting furnace, a dust hood is arranged above the furnace pool, an openable feeding window is arranged on the front side of the dust hood, the feeding device comprises a tilting feeding hopper, the size of a front tongue of the feeding hopper is matched with that of the feeding window, the pressing device is arranged opposite to the feeding window, the pressing device comprises a pressing cantilever, a pressing rod and a pressing device, the pressing rod is fixed on the cantilever and can move up and down and horizontally, the eccentric shaft is connected with the eccentric shaft through a shaft, the eccentric shaft is connected with the eccentric shaft, and the eccentric shaft is connected with the eccentric shaft through a shaft.

2. The automated copper alloy smelting system according to claim 1, wherein the rear part of the loading hopper is liftably mounted on a trolley, and the trolley can move back and forth, left and right.

3. The automatic copper alloy smelting system according to claim 1, wherein the charging device is a pulse charging device, and the tilting angle of a charging hopper of the pulse charging device is 0-30 °.

4. The automated system for copper alloy smelting according to claim 1, wherein the copper alloy smelting furnace is a single-body smelting furnace.

5. The automated copper alloy smelting system according to claim 1, wherein the copper alloy smelting furnace is a twin parallel smelting furnace comprising two parallel furnaces, the number of the charging windows is two, and each charging window corresponds to one furnace.

6. The automatic copper alloy smelting system according to claim 1, wherein the dust extraction hood comprises a hood body, two sides of the hood body are movably connected with a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate respectively, the stirring cantilever is fixedly connected with the first connecting plate in a sealing manner, and the slag salvaging cantilever is fixedly connected with the second connecting plate in a sealing manner.