CN114771739B - Three-anchor-system buoy type acoustic tomography measuring station - Google Patents
Three-anchor-system buoy type acoustic tomography measuring station Download PDFInfo
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- CN114771739B CN114771739B CN202210701321.9A CN202210701321A CN114771739B CN 114771739 B CN114771739 B CN 114771739B CN 202210701321 A CN202210701321 A CN 202210701321A CN 114771739 B CN114771739 B CN 114771739B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
- B63B22/04—Fixations or other anchoring arrangements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C13/00—Surveying specially adapted to open water, e.g. sea, lake, river or canal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/13—Receivers
- G01S19/33—Multimode operation in different systems which transmit time stamped messages, e.g. GPS/GLONASS
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
- B63B2022/006—Buoys specially adapted for measuring or watch purposes
Abstract
The invention discloses a three-anchor-system buoy type acoustic tomography measuring station, which relates to the technical field of ocean monitoring and comprises a base station base body and a measuring group price, and is characterized in that the base station base body comprises an equipment cabin, an energy supply assembly is arranged at the top of the equipment cabin, a plurality of floating bodies are arranged around the equipment cabin, and a measuring assembly is arranged at the bottom of the equipment cabin; the measuring assembly comprises a hydrophone and a transmitter; three anchor systems are uniformly arranged around the base station substrate in a surrounding manner, each anchor system comprises an anchor, the anchors are connected with the base station substrate through anchor chains, and floaters are arranged at the positions, close to the base station substrate, of the anchor chains; and a positioning and time service device is arranged at the top of the base station base body. The invention provides a three-anchor-system buoy type acoustic tomography measuring station which is stable in position, accurate in measurement and convenient to set.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean monitoring, and particularly relates to a three-anchor-system buoy type acoustic tomography measuring station.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.
The existing anchor system of large ocean buoys in China mostly adopts a single anchor mooring mode, a water surface buoy body freely rotates by taking an anchor mooring point below the buoy body as a fulcrum under the action of ocean environmental loads, and the single anchor buoy system has the defects of obvious effect along with tidal current, large moving range, easiness in twisting of the anchor system and a profile observation system during profile observation and the like.
The prior art is disclosed in publication number CN 108583788A, namely three-anchor buoy and method for ocean science test and real-time section observation. The invention relates to a three-anchor buoy and a method for marine scientific experiment and real-time profile observation, wherein the buoy comprises the following components: the three-anchor buoy comprises a buoy body, a section observation module, a marine environment parameter and buoy body self-attitude measurement module, a data acquisition control module, a power supply module, a communication module and a data receiving and processing module. Carrying the modules on the object; the data acquisition control module determines the current sea state according to the marine environment parameters and the self posture of the buoy body, controls the winch action of the three-anchor buoy and the data acquisition of the section observation module, transmits the acquired section data to the communication module and then sends the section data to the data receiving and processing module; the power supply module is used for supplying power to the modules. The method is characterized in that a data acquisition control module obtains current sea conditions according to marine environment parameters and self postures, controls the speed below a winch and acquires and sends data of a profile observation module to a land base station according to different sea condition requirements, and realizes long-term, continuous, fixed-point and real-time profile observation on a buoy laying sea area on the shore.
It should be noted that the above background description is provided only for the sake of clarity and complete description of the technical solutions of the present application, and for the sake of understanding of those skilled in the art. These solutions are not considered to be known to the person skilled in the art merely because they are set forth in the background section of the present application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a three-anchor-system buoy type acoustic tomography measuring station which is stable in position, accurate in measurement and convenient to set.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows:
a three-anchor-system buoy type acoustic tomography measuring station comprises,
the base station comprises a base station base body, wherein the base station base body comprises an equipment cabin, an energy supply assembly is arranged at the top of the equipment cabin, a plurality of floating bodies are arranged around the equipment cabin, and a measuring assembly is arranged at the bottom of the equipment cabin;
the measuring assembly comprises a hydrophone and a transmitter;
three anchor systems are uniformly arranged around the base station substrate in a surrounding manner, each anchor system comprises an anchor, the anchors are connected with the base station substrate through anchor chains, and floaters are arranged at the positions, close to the base station substrate, of the anchor chains;
and a positioning and time service device is arranged at the top of the base station substrate.
The invention designs the whole device which is used for synchronously sending and receiving acoustic signals through the hydrophones and the transmitters arranged in the measuring components. The equipment compartment is internally provided with a central control host, a power amplifier, a transformer, a storage battery and the like, and is fixed through a partition plate and a buckle, all instruments installed in the equipment compartment adopt watertight shells and form two watertight protections together with the equipment compartment, and the central control host and other equipment adopt electric signals to carry out data transmission and communication. The central control host in the equipment cabin stores data into a built-in hard disk of the industrial personal computer, and simultaneously transmits the data observed in the interval time period back to the server terminal through the network on time. By analyzing data files transmitted back between different measuring stations, the sound propagation time between the measuring stations can be obtained, and then the vertical average flow speed data between the measuring stations can be obtained. Observed data can be wirelessly transmitted to a shore station data subsystem, real-time marine environment detection data are provided for a project data platform, meanwhile, a flow field below a water surface is assimilated into a bay area three-dimensional hydrodynamic model by means of assimilation inversion and other technical means, and large-area and high-precision three-dimensional flow field information is obtained.
Furthermore, in the data transmission part, the interconnection of the machines and the communication with the shore base are realized by adopting a 4G network or a 5G network, the signal coverage rate and the information transmission rate of the 4G network or the 5G network are extremely high, the requirements of the whole device can be met, and the construction is simple and convenient. The central control host computer obtains time delay through a computer, the time delay and the collected data are uploaded to a shore base together at a certain time interval, and inversion can be carried out on the temperature and the flow velocity through an algorithm through a shore base data processing system.
Base station base member top is provided with the energy supply subassembly, and the energy supply subassembly is including encircleing a plurality of solar panel of laying. The solar panel is connected with a storage battery in the equipment cabin to charge the storage battery. A storage battery in the equipment cabin is connected with a transformer, direct current of the storage battery is inverted into alternating current through the transformer, and the alternating current matched with the frequency, the rated voltage and the like of an illumination load is obtained through a full-bridge circuit and an SPWM processor through modulation, filtering, boosting and the like to be used by each equipment. The solar panel can improve the cruising ability of the device; secondly, solar panel windage is less, can prevent to be blown by wind and deviate from measuring the position.
Furthermore, the energy supply assembly adopts a small vertical shaft wind driven generator. The small vertical axis wind driven generator can be used for supplying power to the storage battery in the equipment cabin in the continuous rainy weather, so that the working state of the whole device in the extreme environment is ensured, and the cruising ability of the whole device is further improved; in addition, the small vertical axis wind turbine can generate noise in the working process, and then interfere and drive surrounding organisms, and the organisms are prevented from damaging the whole device.
Evenly encircle around the base station base member and set up three anchor system, set up one set per 120 degrees promptly, anchor in the anchor system is firmly fixed in the bottom, the anchor passes through the anchor chain with the base station base member and is connected, and be provided with the float near base station base member department, pull the anchor chain through the anchor and then make the anchor chain between anchor and the float be in the tensioning state, the float floats out the surface of water and drives the anchor chain front end and in the horizontal state of tightening, and then make the base station base member fixed by the anchor system of encircleing the setting, compare with prior art and can let the base station base member at marine stable fixing in an within range, prevent the skew of position, and then guarantee the safe operational environment of instrument and equipment under water. Through the setting of float, improve whole anchor system tensioning degree, the float evenly encircles around the base station base member simultaneously, and then when making to meet bold barrier or debris, the float can contact rather than earlier and change its route of marcing, prevents to influence base station base member measuring position and produces the deviation to form the protection to the base station base member, and then improve overall device's measurement accuracy.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the positioning and time service device comprises a Beidou/GPS hybrid positioning module.
The positioning and time synchronization of the whole device take a Beidou/GPS hybrid positioning module as a core, so that the requirement of long-time work can be met, and the pulse precision and the positioning precision output by a 1PPS port of the whole device can meet the precision requirement of the whole device.
Furthermore, an automatic alarm device, a lightning protection device, a radar reflection device, a warning lamp and the like are arranged at the position of the Beidou/GPS hybrid positioning module. The automatic alarm device is integrated with the shore-based data receiving subsystem together, and once the azimuth of the measuring station exceeds a set range, the preset mobile phone can be subjected to short message and telephone alarm through the automatic alarm device, so that the safety of the whole device is improved, and the mobile phone is prevented from being stolen by lawbreakers. Through radar reflection device and warning light, can send the signal to naval vessel and fishing boat near the device, thereby prevent to bump and lead to the device to damage or deviate from predetermined position.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the bottom of the base station substrate is provided with a connecting column, the connecting column is hollow, the bottom of the connecting column is provided with a small hole, a first spring is connected with the top and the bottom of a cavity in the connecting column, the middle part of the first spring is provided with a sliding block, and the bottom of the sliding block is connected with a detachable bracket through a connecting shaft;
the detachable support bottom is equipped with measuring component.
The detachable support is formed by connecting a plurality of supports end to end, and is used in different water depths in cooperation with the measuring assembly, and a detachable support mode is usually adopted when the measured water depth is shallow. When the device is used, the number of the supports can be adjusted according to different measuring depths, so that the measuring depths of the measuring components can be controlled, the depth can be adjusted according to effects after the device is used for a period of time, and the whole device is convenient to mount and adjust. When the whole device works, the base station matrix floats on the water surface, and the base station matrix can fluctuate up and down under the drive of water waves. The first spring is arranged in the connecting column, and the detachable support is connected with the sliding block on the first spring through the connecting shaft, so that the detachable support can keep stable without moving up and down along with the base station base body through self inertia, a measuring assembly at the bottom end of the detachable support also keeps relatively stable, and the measuring precision of the whole device is ensured; in addition, the measurement assembly can be prevented from being damaged by reducing the vertical vibration of the measurement assembly.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the measuring assembly is connected with the detachable bracket through the stabilizing assembly, the stabilizing assembly comprises a stabilizing base body, the stabilizing base body comprises a first stabilizing piece and a second stabilizing piece which are oppositely connected up and down, a second spring is arranged between the first stabilizing piece and the second stabilizing piece, and the measuring assembly is arranged in the middle of the second spring;
the first stabilizing piece and the second stabilizing piece are connected with the detachable support in a sliding mode, and a plurality of third springs are arranged at the bottom ends of the second stabilizing piece and the detachable support.
The detachable support located below the base station base body can swing under the driving of water flow, and therefore the measuring assembly located at the bottom end of the detachable support can vibrate transversely. The stabilizing assembly comprises a first stabilizing piece and a second stabilizing piece which are oppositely connected up and down, the measuring assembly between the two stabilizing pieces is connected through a second spring, and when the detachable support shakes under the action of water flow, the measuring assembly keeps stable under the action of inertia and does not transversely shake along with the detachable support through the arrangement of the second spring, so that the stability of the measuring assembly and the detection accuracy are further improved; in addition, the second is firm the piece and can be dismantled the support bottom and be equipped with a plurality of third springs and firm piece and can dismantle support sliding connection, through the combined action of firm subassembly and spliced pole, further reduces the range that measuring component reciprocated, keeps measuring component at a fixed position.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the bottom end of the detachable support is connected with a first rope body, the other end of the first rope body is connected with a measuring component, and the bottom end of the measuring component is provided with a counterweight component connected with a second rope body;
the counterweight assembly comprises a counterweight base body, an opening is formed in the upper portion of the inner hollow portion of the counterweight base body, a coaxial counterweight cylinder is arranged in the counterweight base body, and auxiliary connecting rods are arranged on the periphery of the counterweight cylinder in a surrounding mode.
Compared with the method that the detachable support is directly adopted, the measuring depth can be further increased by connecting the first rope body at the bottom end of the detachable support and connecting the measuring component at the other end of the first rope body; the length of the first rope body can be adjusted, the depth can be adjusted after the length of the first rope body is measured for a period of time, the depth can be adjusted according to the measuring effect while the measuring precision of the whole device is improved, the depth adjusting efficiency and precision are improved, and the depth adjusting device can be adjusted at any time.
The bottom of the measuring component is connected with a counterweight component through a second rope body, and an opening at the upper part of the counterweight base body is arranged so that when the counterweight component moves upwards, part of water body can move towards the hollow part of the counterweight base body, so that the water resistance is increased to increase the upward movement energy of the counterweight component, so as to avoid the displacement of the counterweight base body, further prevent the displacement of the measuring component connected with the counterweight base body, reduce the deviation of the measuring component under the action of water flow, further prevent the measuring component from generating data deviation, and improve the accuracy of the measurement of the whole device; the counter weight base member is to the opening setting can be under the effect of rivers in inside the vortex that produces, and then improves rivers to the washing away of the inside inner wall of counter weight subassembly, and then prevents aquatic organism in the counter weight base member or gather on every side to reduce the interference of aquatic organism to measuring component, improve measurement accuracy.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the base station substrate is provided with a plurality of floating columns in a surrounding manner, each floating column includes a flexible rod, and the flexible rod is connected with a plurality of floating column substrates in a sliding manner.
The floating columns surround the base station matrix and comprise flexible rods, the plurality of floating column matrixes are connected onto the flexible rods in a sliding mode, impact force of water flow can impact the floating column matrixes and drive the flexible rods to vibrate up and down, so that the floating column matrixes impact each other, transverse impact force and longitudinal impact force of the water flow are absorbed, the influence of water flow washing on the base station matrix can be further reduced, the base station matrix is prevented from deviating from a preset position, the up-and-down floating amplitude of the base station matrix can be reduced, the up-and-down floating amplitude of the bottom measuring assembly is further reduced, and the precision of the whole device is improved; in addition, the floating columns can additionally provide partial buoyancy, so that the load of the base station base body is improved, and meanwhile, the buoyancy is provided on the side of the base station base body, so that the base station base body can be effectively prevented from being turned over or toppled; in addition, the influence of transverse waves and longitudinal waves around the base station base body can be reduced by surrounding a plurality of floating columns so as to enhance the stability of the base station base body; in addition, the floating columns can act together with the floats to further prevent or reduce the influence of inadvertent impact of the fishing vessel or ship on the base station substrate.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the anchor comprises an anchor base body, wherein the interior of the anchor base body is hollow, an explosion base body layer is arranged on the inner wall of the anchor base body, ejection explosives are arranged at intervals on the inner side of the explosion base body layer, and the anchor base body and the ejection explosives are correspondingly provided with reserved holes;
the lower end part of the anchor base body is arranged in a cone shape.
After the anchor base body is integrally inserted into the seabed, the ejection explosive arranged on the side of the explosion base body layer is detonated, the ejection explosive can open a preformed hole in the anchor base body, which corresponds to the ejection explosive, and air in the anchor base body is discharged, so that a vacuum state is formed in the anchor base body, surrounding impurities or a mud layer are poured into the anchor base body, and the anchor is fixed with the seabed. The anchor is fixed by forming negative pressure inside, and the anchor foundation body is arranged underground and fixed, so that the anchor loosening probability caused by seawater scouring is reduced, the stability of the anchor is improved, and the integral device is further ensured to be stabilized at the same position; in addition, the anchor is simple in overall design and high in tightness degree with the seabed, and the anchor is beneficial to long-time work of the overall device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of a three-anchor-system buoy type acoustic tomography measuring station;
FIG. 2 is an overall front view schematic diagram of a three-anchor-system buoy type acoustic tomography measuring station;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the base station substrate as a whole;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a base station in embodiment 4;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a floating column;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the combination of the measuring unit and the stabilizing unit in example 2;
FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of the measuring assembly and the stabilizing assembly of example 2;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a measuring unit and a weight unit according to embodiment 3;
FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a seed preparation assembly in example 3;
FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the anchor prior to use;
FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the anchor after use;
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the connecting stud.
Reference numerals: the device comprises a base station base body 100, an equipment cabin 101, a floating body 102, an energy supply component 110, a connecting column 120, a first spring 121, a sliding block 122, a connecting shaft 123, a measuring component 200, an anchoring system 300, an anchor 310, an anchor base body 311, an explosion base body layer 312, an ejection explosive 313, an anchor chain 320, a floater 330, a positioning and timing device 400, a Beidou/GPS hybrid positioning module 410, a detachable support 500, a first rope body 510, a second rope body 520, a counterweight component 530, a counterweight base body 531, a counterweight column 532, an auxiliary connecting rod 533 stabilizing component 600, a first stabilizing piece 610, a second stabilizing piece 620, a second spring 630, a third spring 640, a floating column 700, a flexible rod 710 and a floating column base body 720.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings:
example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the three-anchor-system buoy type acoustic tomography measuring station comprises,
the base station comprises a base station base body 100, wherein the base station base body 100 comprises an equipment cabin 101, an energy supply assembly 110 is arranged at the top of the equipment cabin 101, a plurality of floating bodies 102 are arranged around the equipment cabin 101, and a measuring assembly 200 is arranged at the bottom of the equipment cabin 101;
a measurement assembly 200, the measurement assembly 200 comprising a hydrophone and a transmitter;
three anchor systems 300 are uniformly arranged around the base station substrate 100 in a surrounding manner, each anchor system 300 comprises an anchor 310, each anchor 310 is connected with the base station substrate 100 through an anchor chain 320, and a floater 330 is arranged at the position, close to the base station substrate 100, of each anchor chain 320;
the top of the base station base body 100 is provided with a positioning and timing device 400.
The present invention provides for the design of an integrated device that is configured to simultaneously transmit and receive acoustic signals via hydrophones and transmitters disposed within the measurement assembly 200. The equipment cabin 101 is internally provided with a central control host, a power amplifier, a transformer, a storage battery and the like, and is fixed through a partition plate and a buckle, all instruments installed in the equipment cabin 101 are all watertight shells, and form two watertight protections together with the instrument cabin, and the central control host and other equipment are all subjected to data transmission and communication through electric signals. The central control host in the equipment cabin 101 stores data in a built-in hard disk of the industrial personal computer, and simultaneously transmits data observed in a time period back to the server terminal through the network at intervals of 30 minutes. By analyzing data files transmitted back between different measuring stations, the sound propagation time between the measuring stations can be obtained, and then the vertical average flow speed data between the measuring stations can be obtained. Observed data can be wirelessly transmitted to a shore station data subsystem, real-time marine environment detection data are provided for a project data platform, meanwhile, a flow field below a water surface is assimilated into a bay area three-dimensional hydrodynamic model by means of assimilation inversion and other technical means, and large-area and high-precision three-dimensional flow field information is obtained.
Furthermore, in the data transmission part, the interconnection of the machines and the communication with the shore base are realized by adopting a 4G network or a 5G network, the signal coverage rate and the information transmission rate of the 4G network or the 5G network are extremely high, the requirements of the whole device can be met, and the construction is simple and convenient. The central control host computer obtains time delay through a computer, the time delay and the collected data are uploaded to a shore base together at a certain time interval, and inversion can be carried out on the temperature and the flow velocity through an algorithm through a shore base data processing system.
The base station base body 100 is provided with energy supply subassembly 110 on top, and energy supply subassembly 110 includes a plurality of solar panel that lays around. Energy supply subassembly 110 adopts 300W's solar panel, and solar panel is connected with the battery in the equipment compartment 101, and under the condition that the illumination condition allows, can provide the electric quantity more than 7kW for the battery every day, charge the battery. The storage battery in the equipment cabin 101 is connected with a transformer, direct current of the storage battery is inverted into alternating current through the transformer, and alternating current matched with lighting load frequency, rated voltage and the like is obtained through modulation, filtering, boosting and the like by an SPWM processor through a full bridge circuit and is used by each equipment. The solar panel can improve the cruising ability of the device; secondly, solar panel windage is less, can prevent to be blown by wind and deviate from measuring the position.
Further, the energy supply assembly 110 employs a small vertical axis wind turbine. The power generation power of the adopted wind driven generator is 300W, the electric quantity of more than 2kWh can be provided for the storage battery every day under ideal conditions, and the small vertical axis wind driven generator can supply power to the storage battery in the equipment cabin 101 in continuous rainy days by improving the working state of the whole device in an extreme environment, so that the cruising ability of the whole device is further improved; in addition, the small vertical axis wind turbine can generate noise in the working process, and then interfere and drive surrounding organisms, and the organisms are prevented from damaging the whole device.
The three anchor systems 300 are uniformly arranged around the base station substrate 100 in a surrounding manner, namely, one anchor system 300 is arranged at every 120 degrees, the anchors 310 in the anchor systems 300 are firmly fixed at the water bottom, the anchors 310 are connected with the base station substrate 100 through anchor chains 320, floaters 330 are arranged at positions close to the base station substrate 100, the anchor chains 320 are pulled through the anchors 310, so that the anchor chains 320 between the anchors 310 and the floaters 330 are in a tensioning state, the floaters 330 float out of the water surface and drive the front ends of the anchor chains 320 to be in a horizontal tensioning state, and further the base station substrate 100 is fixed by the anchor systems 300 arranged in the surrounding manner. Through the setting of float 330, improve whole anchor system 300 tensioning degree, float 330 evenly encircles around base station base member 100 simultaneously, and then when making to meet bulk barrier or debris, float 330 can contact with it earlier and change its route of advancing, prevents to influence base station base member 100 measuring position and produces the deviation to form the protection to base station base member 100, and then improve the measurement accuracy of whole device.
As shown in fig. 3, the positioning and timing device 400 includes a big dipper/GPS hybrid positioning module 410.
The positioning and time synchronization of the whole device are based on the Beidou/GPS hybrid positioning module 410, the Beidou/GPS positioning error is not more than 20m, the requirement of long-time work can be met, and the pulse precision and the positioning precision output through the 1PPS port of the device can meet the precision requirement of the whole device.
Furthermore, an automatic alarm device, a lightning protection device, a radar reflection device, a warning light and the like are arranged at the position of the Beidou/GPS hybrid positioning module 410. The automatic alarm device is integrated with the shore-based data receiving subsystem, and once the azimuth of the measuring station exceeds a set range, the automatic alarm device can give an alarm to a preset mobile phone for short messages and calls, so that the safety of the whole device is improved, and the device is prevented from being stolen by lawless persons. Through radar reflection device and warning light, radar reflection device adopts 12 cun passive radar reflection device, and the warning light visible distance is not less than 3km, and it can send the signal to near naval vessel and the fishing boat of device, thereby prevents to bump and leads to the device impaired or skew preset position. In addition, the unit, number, contact telephone, warning sign and the like of the buoy are marked on the remarkable position of the buoy.
As shown in fig. 12, a connecting column 120 is arranged at the bottom of the base station base body 100, the connecting column 120 is hollow, a small hole is formed at the bottom of the connecting column 120, a first spring 121 connects the top and the bottom of the cavity in the connecting column 120, a sliding block 122 is arranged in the middle of the first spring 121, and the bottom of the sliding block 122 is connected with a detachable bracket 500 through a connecting shaft 123;
the bottom end of the detachable bracket 500 is provided with a measuring assembly 200.
The detachable bracket 500 is formed by connecting a plurality of brackets end to end, and in order to match the use of the measuring assembly 200 in different water depths, the detachable bracket 500 is usually adopted when the measured water depth is shallow. When the device is used, the number of the supports can be adjusted according to different measuring depths, so that the measuring depth of the measuring component 200 can be controlled, the depth can be adjusted according to effects after the device is used for a period of time, and the whole device is convenient to mount and adjust. When the whole device works, the base station matrix 100 floats on the water surface, and the base station matrix 100 can fluctuate up and down under the drive of water waves. The first spring 121 is arranged in the connecting column 120, and the detachable bracket 500 is connected with the slider 122 on the first spring 121 through the connecting shaft 123, so that the detachable bracket 500 can keep stable without moving up and down along with the base station base body 100 through self inertia, and the measuring assembly 200 at the bottom end of the detachable bracket 500 also keeps relatively stable, thereby ensuring the measuring precision of the whole device; in addition, reducing the up-and-down vibration of the measuring assembly 200 can also prevent the measuring assembly 200 from being damaged.
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the anchor 310 includes an anchor base 311, the anchor base 311 is hollow, and the inner wall of the anchor base 311 is provided with an explosive base layer 312, the explosive base layer 312 is provided with an ejection explosive 313 at an interval inside, and the anchor base 311 and the ejection explosive 313 are provided with a reserved hole correspondingly;
the lower end portion of the anchor base 311 is tapered.
When the anchor base 311 is integrally inserted into the sea bed, the ejection explosive 313 arranged on the side of the explosion base layer 312 is detonated, the ejection explosive 313 opens a reserved hole in the anchor base 311 corresponding to the ejection explosive 313, the internal pressure is increased due to explosion, and air in the anchor base 311 is exhausted, so that a vacuum state is formed in the anchor base 311, surrounding impurities or a mud layer are poured into the anchor base 311, and the anchor 310 is fixed with the sea bed. The anchor 310 is fixed by forming negative pressure inside, and the anchor base 311 is fixed underground, so that the probability of loosening the anchor 310 caused by seawater scouring is reduced, the stability of the anchor 310 is improved, and the integral device is further ensured to be stabilized at the same position; in addition, the anchor 310 is simple in overall design and high in tightness with the seabed, and the overall device can work for a long time.
Example 2:
fig. 6 and 7 schematically show a three-anchor-system floating type acoustic tomography measuring station according to another embodiment of the present invention, which is different from example 1 in that:
the measuring component 200 is connected with the detachable bracket 500 through the stabilizing component 600, the stabilizing component 600 comprises a stabilizing base body, the stabilizing base body comprises a first stabilizing sheet 610 and a second stabilizing sheet 620 which are oppositely connected up and down, a second spring 630 is arranged between the first stabilizing sheet 610 and the second stabilizing sheet 620, and the measuring component 200 is arranged in the middle of the second spring 630;
the first fixing piece 610 and the second fixing piece 620 are slidably connected with the detachable support 500, and a plurality of third springs 640 are arranged at the bottom ends of the second fixing piece 620 and the detachable support 500.
The detachable support 500 located below the base station substrate 100 is driven by water flow to swing, so that the measuring component 200 located at the bottom end of the detachable support 500 generates transverse vibration. The stabilizing assembly 600 comprises a first stabilizing sheet 610 and a second stabilizing sheet 620 which are oppositely connected up and down, the measuring assembly 200 is connected between the two stabilizing sheets through a second spring 630, when the detachable bracket 500 shakes under the action of water flow, the measuring assembly 200 is kept stable under the action of inertia through the arrangement of the second spring 630 and does not generate transverse vibration along with the detachable bracket 500, and the stability of the measuring assembly 200 and the detection accuracy are further improved; in addition, a plurality of third springs 640 are arranged at the bottom ends of the second stabilizing piece 620 and the detachable bracket 500, the stabilizing piece is slidably connected with the detachable bracket 500, the up-and-down movement amplitude of the measuring assembly 200 is further reduced through the combined action of the stabilizing assembly 600 and the connecting column 120, and the measuring assembly 200 is kept at a fixed position.
Example 3:
fig. 8 and 9 schematically show a three-anchor-system floating type acoustic tomography measuring station according to another embodiment of the present invention, which is different from example 2 in that:
the bottom end of the detachable bracket 500 is connected with a first rope body 510, the other end of the first rope body 510 is connected with the measuring component 200, and the bottom end of the measuring component 200 is provided with a counterweight component 530 connected with a second rope body 520;
the counterweight assembly 530 comprises a counterweight base body 531, an upper opening of a hollow part in the counterweight base body 531 is arranged, a coaxial counterweight cylinder 532 is arranged in the counterweight base body 531, and auxiliary connecting rods 533 are arranged around the counterweight cylinder 532.
Compared with the direct detachable mode, the measuring depth can be further increased by connecting the first rope body 510 to the bottom end of the detachable bracket 500 and connecting the measuring component 200 to the other end of the first rope body 510; the length of first rope 510 also can be adjusted, and can carry out the adjustment of degree of depth after measuring a period to can adjust the degree of depth according to measurement effect when improving the measurement accuracy of whole device, improve the efficiency and the precision of degree of depth regulation and can adjust at any time.
The bottom of the measuring component 200 is connected with a counterweight component 530 through a second rope 520, an opening is formed in the upper portion of the counterweight base 531, so that when the counterweight component 530 moves upwards, part of water can move towards the hollow portion of the counterweight base 531, the water resistance is increased to increase the upward movement energy of the counterweight component 530, the displacement of the counterweight base 531 is avoided, the displacement of the measuring component 200 connected with the counterweight component is further prevented, the deviation of the measuring component 200 under the action of water flow is reduced, the measuring component 200 is further prevented from generating data deviation, and the accuracy of the measurement of the whole device is improved; the upward opening of the counterweight base body 531 is provided with a vortex which can be generated in the counterweight base body under the action of water flow, so that the scouring of the inner wall of the counterweight component 530 by the water flow is improved, and aquatic organisms are prevented from gathering in or around the counterweight base body 531, thereby reducing the interference of the aquatic organisms on the measuring component 200 and improving the measuring precision.
Coastal acoustic tomography has unique and significant advantages over traditional flow measurement schemes such as fixed-point, horizontal, or nautical ADCP. Aiming at the bay area to be measured, the three-anchor-system buoy type acoustic tomography measuring station is adopted to achieve the observation resolution of about 3.5 km in the horizontal direction. Conventional approaches require the deployment of roughly 2 times the number of fixed point ADCP observation systems if the same horizontal resolution level is to be achieved. Meanwhile, the characteristics of large quantity and uniform spatial distribution of islands in the bay area can be utilized, the three-anchor buoy type acoustic tomography measuring station is arranged on different islands in the bay area, and observation points do not need to be arranged in areas with busy shipping, such as a channel, and the like, so that the invention also has the advantage of no influence of shipping. Compared with the horizontal ADCP observation distance which is only about 200 m generally and is more suitable for observation of narrower river channels, ports and the like, the observation distance which is 5-10 km higher by more than one order of magnitude can be achieved by the method, and the method has obvious technical advantages in the aspects of observation range and distance. Compared with the sailing ADCP, the three-anchor-system buoy type acoustic tomography measuring station has the advantage of long-term continuous synchronous observation. In addition, the three-anchor-system buoy type acoustic tomography measuring station can keep good acoustic signal propagation quality under the environment with strong influence of ocean turbulence, so that the working capacity of the three-anchor-system buoy type acoustic tomography measuring station under extreme sea conditions is further ensured, and ocean current data guarantee is provided for relevant work such as ocean disaster prevention and reduction.
Example 4:
fig. 4 and 5 schematically show a three-anchor-system floating type acoustic tomography measuring station according to another embodiment of the present invention, which is different from example 3 in that:
according to an embodiment of the present invention, the base station substrate 100 is provided with a plurality of floating pillars 700 around the base station substrate, the floating pillars 700 include flexible rods 710, and a plurality of floating pillar bases 720 are slidably connected to the flexible rods 710.
The plurality of floating columns 700 are surrounded around the base station matrix 100, each floating column 700 comprises a flexible rod 710, the plurality of floating column matrixes 720 are connected onto the flexible rods 710 in a sliding mode, the impact force of water flow can impact the floating column matrixes 720 and drive the flexible rods 710 to vibrate up and down, so that the floating column matrixes 720 impact each other, the transverse impact force and the longitudinal impact force of the water flow are absorbed, the influence of water flow scouring on the base station matrix 100 can be further reduced, the base station matrix 100 is prevented from deviating from a preset position, meanwhile, the up-and-down floating amplitude of the base station matrix 100 can be reduced, the up-and-down floating amplitude of the bottom measuring assembly 200 is further reduced, and the precision of the whole device is improved; in addition, the floating columns 700 can additionally provide partial buoyancy to improve the load of the base station substrate 100, and meanwhile, the buoyancy is provided on the side of the base station substrate 100, so that the base station substrate 100 can be effectively prevented from being turned over or overturned; in addition, the influence of the transverse wave and the longitudinal wave around the base station base body 100 can be reduced by surrounding the plurality of floating columns 700, so that the stability of the base station base body 100 is enhanced; in addition, the float 700 may act in conjunction with the float 330 to further prevent or reduce the effect of inadvertent impact of a fishing or naval vessel on the base station substrate 100.
The embodiments described above are intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention in detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modification, supplement or similar substitution made within the scope of the principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. Three anchor system buoy type acoustic tomography survey stations include: the base station base body (100) comprises an equipment cabin (101), an energy supply assembly (110) is arranged at the top of the equipment cabin (101), a plurality of floating bodies (102) surround the equipment cabin (101), and a measuring assembly (200) is arranged at the bottom of the equipment cabin (101); a measurement assembly (200), the measurement assembly (200) comprising a hydrophone and a transmitter;
the base station is characterized in that three anchor systems (300) are uniformly arranged around the base station base body (100) in a surrounding mode, each anchor system (300) comprises an anchor (310), each anchor (310) is connected with the base station base body (100) through an anchor chain (320), and a floater (330) is arranged on the position, close to the base station base body (100), of each anchor chain (320); the top of the base station base body (100) is provided with a positioning and time service device (400);
the base station is characterized in that a connecting column (120) is arranged at the bottom of the base station base body (100), the connecting column (120) is hollow, a small hole is formed in the bottom of the connecting column (120), a first spring (121) is connected with the top and the bottom of a cavity in the connecting column (120), a sliding block (122) is arranged in the middle of the first spring (121), and the bottom of the sliding block (122) is connected with a detachable support (500) through a connecting shaft (123); the bottom end of the detachable support (500) is provided with a measuring component (200);
the measuring assembly (200) is connected with the detachable support (500) through a stabilizing assembly (600), the stabilizing assembly (600) comprises a stabilizing base body, the stabilizing base body comprises a first stabilizing sheet (610) and a second stabilizing sheet (620) which are oppositely connected up and down, a second spring (630) is arranged between the first stabilizing sheet (610) and the second stabilizing sheet (620), and the measuring assembly (200) is arranged in the middle of the second spring (630);
the first fixing piece (610) and the second fixing piece (620) are connected with the detachable support (500) in a sliding mode, and a plurality of third springs (640) are arranged at the bottom ends of the second fixing piece (620) and the detachable support (500);
the anchor (310) comprises an anchor base body (311), the anchor base body (311) is arranged in a hollow mode, an explosion base body layer (312) is arranged on the inner wall of the anchor base body (311), ejection explosives (313) are arranged on the inner side of the explosion base body layer (312) at intervals, and the anchor base body (311) and the ejection explosives (313) are correspondingly provided with reserved holes; the lower end of the anchor base body (311) is arranged in a cone shape.
2. Three anchor system buoy type acoustic tomography survey stations include: the base station base body (100) comprises an equipment cabin (101), an energy supply assembly (110) is arranged at the top of the equipment cabin (101), a plurality of floating bodies (102) surround the equipment cabin (101), and a measuring assembly (200) is arranged at the bottom of the equipment cabin (101); a measurement assembly (200), the measurement assembly (200) comprising a hydrophone and a transmitter;
the base station is characterized in that three anchor lines (300) are uniformly arranged around the base station base body (100) in a surrounding mode, each anchor line (300) comprises an anchor (310), each anchor (310) is connected with the base station base body (100) through an anchor chain (320), and a floater (330) is arranged on the position, close to the base station base body (100), of each anchor chain (320); the top of the base station base body (100) is provided with a positioning and time service device (400);
the base station is characterized in that a connecting column (120) is arranged at the bottom of the base station base body (100), the connecting column (120) is hollow, a small hole is formed in the bottom of the connecting column (120), a first spring (121) is connected with the top and the bottom of a cavity in the connecting column (120), a sliding block (122) is arranged in the middle of the first spring (121), and the bottom of the sliding block (122) is connected with a detachable support (500) through a connecting shaft (123); the bottom end of the detachable support (500) is provided with a measuring component (200);
the bottom end of the detachable support (500) is connected with a first rope body (510), the other end of the first rope body (510) is connected with a measuring component (200), and the bottom end of the measuring component (200) is connected with a counterweight component (530) through a second rope body (520); the counterweight component (530) comprises a counterweight base body (531), an opening is formed in the hollow upper part of the interior of the counterweight base body (531), a coaxial counterweight cylinder (532) is arranged in the counterweight base body (531), and auxiliary connecting rods (533) are arranged around the counterweight cylinder (532);
the anchor (310) comprises an anchor base body (311), the anchor base body (311) is arranged in a hollow mode, an explosion base body layer (312) is arranged on the inner wall of the anchor base body (311), ejection explosives (313) are arranged on the inner side of the explosion base body layer (312) at intervals, and the anchor base body (311) and the ejection explosives (313) are correspondingly provided with reserved holes; the lower end of the anchor base body (311) is arranged in a cone shape.
3. A three-anchor buoy type acoustic tomography measurement station as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the positioning and time service device (400) comprises a beidou/GPS hybrid positioning module (410).
4. A three-mooring, buoyant survey station according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of buoyant columns (700) surround the base station substrate (100), the buoyant columns (700) comprising flexible rods (710), a plurality of buoyant column substrates (720) being slidably attached to the flexible rods (710).
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