CN114765850A

CN114765850A - TA determining method, device, related equipment and storage medium

Info

Publication number: CN114765850A
Application number: CN202110057383.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 柯颋; 王飞; 郑毅
Original assignee: China Mobile Communications Group Co Ltd; China Mobile Communications Ltd Research Institute
Current assignee: China Mobile Communications Group Co Ltd; China Mobile Communications Ltd Research Institute
Priority date: 2021-01-15
Filing date: 2021-01-15
Publication date: 2022-07-19

Abstract

The application discloses a method, a device, a terminal, a network device and a storage medium for determining Timing Advance (TA). The method comprises the following steps: a terminal receives first information sent by a network side; the first information indicates parameters for determining TA; determining a determination method of the TA by utilizing the first information; and determining the TA by utilizing the first information and the determination method.

Description

TA determining method, device, related equipment and storage medium

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for determining a Timing Advance (TA), a related device, and a storage medium.

Background

In order to meet the ubiquitous wireless coverage requirement, a fifth generation mobile communication technology (5G) system needs to support the fusion of a ground network and a satellite network, and a Non-terrestrial network (NTN) technology is proposed for the purpose.

Considering that there are multiple application scenarios in the NTN technology and the time delays in different scenarios are different, the terminal needs some signaling to assist in determining the TA, and the requirements of the indication information in different scenarios are different, however, how to be compatible with the indication requirement in different scenarios through one indication information is a problem to be solved urgently at present.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the related technical problem, embodiments of the present application provide a method and an apparatus for determining a TA, a related device, and a storage medium.

The technical scheme of the embodiment of the application is realized as follows:

the embodiment of the application provides a method for determining a TA, which is applied to a terminal and comprises the following steps:

receiving first information sent by a network side; the first information indicates parameters for determining TA;

determining a determination method of the TA by utilizing the first information;

and determining the TA by utilizing the first information and the determination method.

In the above solution, when receiving the first information, the method further includes:

receiving second information sent by the network side; the second information indicates a type corresponding to the first information;

and determining a TA determination method by using the first information and the second information.

In the foregoing solution, the first information includes at least one of:

longitude information of the base station;

latitude information of the base station;

altitude information of the base station;

the balance;

or, the first information includes at least one of:

longitude information of the reference point;

latitude information of the reference point;

height information of the reference point;

the balance;

or, the first information includes at least one of:

a position deviation of the reference point relative to the satellite;

the balance;

or, the first information includes at least one of:

azimuth of a reference point relative to a satellite and altitude information of the reference point;

the balance;

or, the first information includes at least one of:

altitude information of the reference point;

the balance;

or, the first information includes at least one of:

longitude information of a GateWay (GW, GateWay);

latitude information of GW;

height information of the GW;

the balance;

or the first information indicates the distance from a reference point to a satellite or indicates the distance from the satellite to a gateway; alternatively, the first information indicates a sum of a distance from the reference point to the satellite and a distance from the satellite to the gateway. In the foregoing solution, if the first information includes at least one of the following: longitude information of the base station, latitude information of the base station, altitude information of the base station, and allowance; the determining the TA by using the first information and the determining method includes:

determining a location of a base station using the first information; and determining the TA by using the position of the base station, the position of the terminal and the allowance.

In the above scheme, TA is determined by one of the following equations:

TA 2 distance (terminal location, base station location)/speed of light — margin;

TA ═ 2 distance (terminal position, base station position) -margin ]/light speed;

where distance (terminal location, base station location) represents the distance between a terminal and a base station.

In the foregoing solution, if the first information includes at least one of the following: longitude information of the reference point; latitude information of the reference point; height information of the reference point; the balance; or the first information comprises at least one of: a position deviation of the reference point relative to the satellite; the balance; or the first information comprises at least one of: azimuth of a reference point relative to a satellite and altitude information of the reference point; or, the first information includes at least one of: altitude information of the reference point; the balance; the determining the TA by using the first information and the determining method includes:

determining a reference point position by using the first information;

and determining the TA by using the reference point position, the terminal position, the satellite ephemeris and the margin.

In the above scheme, TA is determined by one of the following equations:

TA is 2 distance (terminal position, satellite position) -distance (satellite position, reference point position) -margin ]/speed of light;

TA is 2 distance (terminal position, satellite position) -distance (satellite position, reference point position) ]/light speed-margin;

wherein distance (terminal position, satellite position) represents a distance between the terminal and the satellite; distance (satellite position, reference point position represents the distance between the satellite and the reference point.

In the foregoing solution, if the first information includes at least one of the following: longitude information of the GW; latitude information of GW; height information of the GW; the balance; the determining the TA by using the first information and the determining method includes:

determining a location of a GW using the first information;

and determining TA by using the position of the GW, the position of the terminal, the satellite ephemeris and the margin.

In the above scheme, TA is determined by one of the following equations:

TA is 2 × distance (terminal position, satellite position) + distance (satellite position, gateway position) -margin ]/speed of light;

TA ═ 2 × distance (terminal position, satellite position) + distance (satellite position, gateway position) ]/light speed — margin;

wherein distance (terminal position, satellite position) represents a distance between the terminal and the satellite; distance represents the distance between the satellite and the GW.

In the above scheme, if the first information indicates a distance from a reference point to a satellite or indicates a distance from a satellite to a GW; the determining the TA by using the first information and the determining method includes:

and determining the TA by utilizing the first information, the terminal position, the satellite ephemeris and the margin.

In the above scheme, TA is determined by one of the following equations:

TA is 2 distance (terminal position, satellite position) -first distance-margin ]/speed of light;

TA is 2 distance (terminal position, satellite position) -first distance ]/speed of light-margin;

wherein distance (terminal position, satellite position) represents a distance between the terminal and the satellite; the first distance represents a distance of a reference point to a satellite.

In the above scheme, TA is determined by one of the following equations:

TA is 2 distance (terminal position, satellite position) + second distance-margin ]/speed of light;

TA is 2 distance (terminal position, satellite position) + second distance ]/speed of light-margin;

wherein distance (terminal position, satellite position) represents a distance between the terminal and the satellite; the second distance represents a distance from the satellite to the GW.

In the above scheme, if the first information indicates a sum of a distance from the reference point to the satellite and a distance from the satellite to the gateway, the TA is determined by the following formula:

TA 2 third distance/speed of light;

wherein the third distance represents a sum of a distance of the reference point to the satellite and a distance of the satellite to the gateway.

In the above scheme, the first information indicates a sum of a distance from the reference point to the satellite and a distance from the satellite to the GW.

In the above scheme, the first information sent by the network side is received by at least one of the following modes:

a system message;

radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling.

The embodiment of the present application further provides a method for determining a TA, which is applied to a network device, and includes:

sending first information to a terminal; the first information indicates parameters for determining TA; the first information can be used to determine a determination method of the TA.

In the above solution, when the first information is sent to the terminal, the method further includes:

sending second information to the terminal; the second information indicates a type corresponding to the first information.

In the foregoing solution, the first information includes at least one of:

longitude information of the base station;

latitude information of the base station;

altitude information of the base station;

the balance;

in the foregoing solution, the first information includes at least one of:

longitude information of the reference point;

latitude information of the reference point;

height information of the reference point;

the balance;

in the foregoing solution, the first information includes at least one of:

a position deviation of the reference point relative to the satellite;

the balance;

or, the first information includes at least one of:

the balance;

or, the first information includes at least one of:

altitude information of the reference point;

the balance;

or, the first information includes at least one of:

longitude information of the GW;

latitude information of GW;

height information of the GW;

the balance;

or the first information indicates the distance from a reference point to a satellite or indicates the distance from the satellite to a GW;

or the first information indicates the sum of the distance from the reference point to the satellite and the distance from the satellite to the GW.

In the above scheme, the first information is sent to the terminal by at least one of the following modes:

a system message;

RRC signaling.

An embodiment of the present application further provides a TA determining apparatus, including:

the receiving unit is used for receiving first information sent by a network side; the first information indicates parameters for determining TA;

a first determining unit, configured to determine a determination method of the TA by using the first information; and determining the TA by utilizing the first information and the determination method.

a transmitting unit, configured to transmit first information to a terminal; the first information indicates parameters for determining TA; (ii) a The first information can be used to determine a determination method of the TA.

An embodiment of the present application further provides a terminal, including:

the first communication interface is used for receiving first information sent by a network side; the first information indicates parameters for determining TA;

a first processor, configured to determine a determination method of a TA by using the first information; and determining the TA by utilizing the first information and the determination method.

An embodiment of the present application further provides a network device, including: a second communication interface and a second processor; wherein,

the second communication interface is used for sending first information to the terminal; the first information indicates parameters for determining TA; the first information can be used to determine a determination method of the TA.

An embodiment of the present application further provides a terminal, including: a first processor and a first memory for storing a computer program capable of running on the processor,

wherein the first processor is configured to execute the steps of any of the above-mentioned methods at the terminal side when running the computer program.

An embodiment of the present application further provides a network device, including: a second processor and a second memory for storing a computer program capable of running on the processor,

wherein the second processor is configured to execute the steps of any one of the methods of the network device side when the computer program is executed.

The embodiment of the present application further provides a storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any method on the terminal side, or implements the steps of any method on the network device side.

According to the TA determining method, the TA determining device, the relevant equipment and the storage medium, the network equipment sends first information to the terminal; the first information indicates parameters for determining TA; after receiving the first information, the terminal determines a determination method of the TA by using the first information; according to the scheme of the embodiment of the application, the first information can be used for determining the TA determination method, and parameters of different scene types are sent under different NTN scenes, namely a universal indication mode of indication information is provided, so that the requirements of different scenes can be met.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a satellite network architecture;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another satellite network architecture;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of propagation delay under a transparent forwarding architecture;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of propagation delay under a regenerative forwarding architecture;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an Air-To-Air (ATG) network;

fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a TA determination method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 7 is a timing diagram of uplink and downlink frames at a base station and a terminal in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a satellite-centered three-dimensional coordinate system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the U-axis position shown in FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a projected coordinate system of the coordinate system shown in FIG. 8 in the X-Y plane;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of spot beam plan information transmitted by a satellite;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a satellite transmitted multi-spot beam three-dimensional information;

fig. 13 is a schematic timing diagram of uplink and downlink frames at a base station and a terminal in another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 14 is a flowchart illustrating another TA determination method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a TA determination apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of another TA determination apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a TA determination system according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples.

In order to meet the ubiquitous wireless coverage requirement, the 5G system needs to support convergence of a terrestrial network and a satellite network. Based on this, NTN is proposed, which is expected to achieve the following goals through satellite networks:

(1) providing an economical and effective coverage means for un-served (un-served) areas (ocean, airplane, underwater) in 5G deployments;

(2) the reliability of the 5G network is enhanced, the continuity of high-speed Machine communication (M2M, Machine to Machine)/Internet of things (IoT) service is improved, and communication and emergency communication guarantee under a limit environment is provided;

(3) the 5G network expandability is ensured, and effective multicast/broadcast resources are provided for the network edge.

According to the difference of the signal processing capability of the satellite load, the satellite communication can be divided into two typical architectures, namely an architecture based on a transparent forwarding load (which may be expressed as a "based on transparent forwarding architecture" (or referred to as a "transparent forwarding architecture") (as shown in fig. 1), and an architecture based on a regenerative forwarding load (which may be expressed as a "based on regenerative forwarding architecture") (as shown in fig. 2) (or referred to as a "regenerative forwarding architecture").

Transparent forwarding is also referred to as bent-tube transmission, among others. For the transparent forwarding architecture, the satellite only plays the role of a frequency converter and a radio frequency amplifier, and an NR Uu interface is adopted in both a forward link (service link) and a feeder link (feeder link). Specifically, the NTN GW may pass through NR Uu interface signals, and different pass through satellites may be connected to the same ground base station, i.e., the gNB. The Uu interface is an air interface between a Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) and User Equipment (UE).

For the regenerative forwarding architecture, the Satellite plays the role of a gNB Distributed Unit (gNB-DU) or a gNB, an NR Uu Interface is used in a service link, and a Satellite private air Interface (SRI) is used in a feeder link. The NTN GW is a Transport Network Layer (english can be expressed as Transport Network Layer) node, and different satellite-borne gnbs (i.e. different satellites) can be connected to the same ground 5G core Network.

In addition, the NTN supports 2 terminal types with different capabilities, which specifically includes:

a first type of terminal: the UE has Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning capability and knows the satellite ephemeris;

a second type of terminal: GNSS positioning capability is not available or GNSS positioning information cannot be used for time-frequency compensation.

As can be seen from the above description, there are multiple satellite network architectures and multiple terminal capabilities under the NTN, and when different satellite network architectures and different terminal capabilities are adopted, different TA adjustment schemes need to be adopted, which specifically include:

in the first scenario, the satellite network architecture adopts a transparent forwarding architecture (as shown in fig. 3) or a regenerative forwarding architecture (as shown in fig. 4), and the UE is a second type of terminal; in this scenario, the following TA adjustment scheme may be employed:

the network side indicates the common (common) TA adjustment in the system message. When UE sends Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), the sending lead of PRACH is determined according to common TA regulating quantity indicated by network side.

Specifically, for each satellite spot beam (spot beam), the base station selects a reference point (english may be expressed as reference point), calculates common TA 2 · τ according to the propagation delay τ from the base station to the reference point, and indicates the common TA to all terminals under the satellite spot beam through a system message.

In the regenerative forwarding scheme, as shown in fig. 4, τ ═ D₀(ii) a Wherein D is₀Representing the propagation delay of the satellite to the reference point; for transparent forwarding architectures, τ ═ D, as described in fig. 3₀₁+D₀₂(ii) a Wherein D is₀₁Representing the propagation delay of the satellite to a reference point, D₀₂Representing the propagation delay of the satellite to the terrestrial GW.

In the second scenario, the satellite network architecture adopts a regenerative forwarding architecture (as shown in fig. 4), and the UE is a first type terminal; in this scenario, the following TA adjustment scheme may be employed:

the UE autonomously calculates and determines a TA (timing advance) adopted for sending the PRACH (physical random access channel) according to the GNSS positioning information and the satellite ephemeris; the UE may obtain the satellite ephemeris through network indication or other means.

In particular, for regenerationGenerating and forwarding architecture, and UE autonomously calculates propagation delay D from satellite to UE x according to GNSS positioning information and satellite ephemeris_1xAnd calculating TA 2. tau. where tau is D_1x。

In the third scenario, a satellite network adopts a transparent forwarding architecture, and UE is a first type terminal; in this scenario, the following TA adjustment scheme may be employed:

scheme 1: the geographical coordinates of the network broadcast GW or the propagation delay from the broadcast GW to the satellite, that is, the information of the broadcast GW; and the UE autonomously calculates and determines the TA adopted for sending the PRACH according to the GNSS positioning information and the satellite ephemeris and by combining the information of the GW.

Specifically, for the transparent forwarding architecture, the UE autonomously calculates the propagation delay D from the GW to the UE x according to the GNSS positioning information, the satellite ephemeris, and the information of the GW₀₂+D_1xAnd calculating TA 2. tau. where tau. D₀₂+D_1xWherein D is₀₂Denotes the propagation delay of the GW to the satellite, and D_1xRepresenting the propagation delay of the satellite to UE x.

Scheme 2: the geographical coordinates of the network broadcast reference point, or the propagation delay from the reference point to the satellite, i.e. the information of the broadcast reference point; and the UE calculates TA adjustment quantity according to the GNSS positioning information and the satellite ephemeris and by combining the information of the reference point, and sends the PRACH according to the TA adjustment quantity.

Specifically, when the base station broadcasts the coordinate related information of the reference point, the UE calculates the propagation delay D from the satellite to the reference point according to the satellite ephemeris and the coordinate related information of the reference point₀₁(ii) a The UE further calculates the propagation delay D from the UE to the satellite according to the GNSS positioning information and the satellite ephemeris_1x。

The UE calculates TA according to the following formula:

TA 2 · Δ τ; wherein Δ τ ═ D_1x-D₀₁。

When the base station broadcasts a direct broadcast satellite to a reference point propagation delay D₀₁Then, the UE further calculates the propagation delay D from the UE to the satellite according to the GNSS positioning information and the satellite ephemeris_1x。

The UE calculates TA according to the following formula:

TA 2 · Δ τ; wherein Δ τ ═ D_1x-D₀₁。

It should be noted that the following formula can be obtained: Δ τ ═ D₁x-D₀₁＝(D_1x+D₀₂)-(D₀₁+D₀₂) (ii) a Wherein D is₀₂+D_1xDenotes the sum of propagation delays from GW to satellite and then to UE x, D₀₁+D₀₂Represents the sum of the propagation delays from GW to satellite to the reference point, and therefore, the differential TA can be expressed as: the difference between the full TA from the UE to the GW (═ 2(D _02+ D _1x)) and the full TA from the reference point to the GW (═ 2(D _02+ D _01)), so the above described TAs may be referred to as differential TAs.

The fourth scenario, Air-To-Air (ATG) scenario

With the development of the aviation industry and internet technology, the demand of ground-air interconnection application is more and more urgent. Through the ground-air interconnection technology, passengers can access the Internet on the plane like on the ground to enjoy various Internet application services, and operators, airlines and industry parties can also provide value-added services based on the ground-air interconnection technology. The ATG communication technology utilizes a mature land mobile communication technology, such as a fourth generation mobile communication technology (4G), a 5G technology, and the like, establishes a private base station on the ground, where an antenna can cover the sky, and constructs a private network for space-ground stereo coverage, thereby effectively solving the high-altitude stereo coverage and realizing space-ground high-speed data transmission. The ground base station scheme is developed along with the mobile communication technology, provides a solution with high bandwidth, high flow and low cost, and has great advantages of network deployment and upgrading maintenance. As shown in fig. 5, in the ATG scenario, a ground base station signal is transmitted to the sky, a Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) antenna is disposed outside the belly, and the ground base station and the CPE communicate with each other via an ATG air interface protocol; inside the cabin, on-board CPE communicates with the passengers via WiFi.

In an ATG scenario, the following TA adjustment scheme may be employed:

it may be assumed that the onboard CPEs all have GNSS positioning capability; if the base station broadcasts the coordinate position of the base station itself through the system message, the UE can autonomously calculate and determine the TA used for sending the PRACH, that is, TA is 2 · τ, where τ represents the propagation delay from the UE to the base station, based on the GNSS positioning information of the UE and the position coordinate of the base station.

As can be seen from the above description, there are multiple application scenarios in the NTN technology (e.g., multiple application scenarios (such as GEO, LEO, HAPS, and ATG, where GEO (geostationary Earth orbit) refers to geostationary orbit satellite, LEO (low Earth orbit) refers to low orbit satellite, HAPS (high Altitude orbit Platform station) refers to high Altitude Platform such as high Altitude drone, high Altitude hot air balloon, etc.), multiple satellite network architectures (transparent forwarding architecture and regenerative forwarding architecture), and multiple terminal capabilities (UE has or does not have positioning capability)), and therefore, in order to cope with the large propagation delay challenge in the NTN scenario, the terminal needs some signaling to assist in determining TA, and the requirement for indicating information in different scenarios is different. How to meet the requirements of different scenes by adopting a compatible indication information to meet the use requirements is a problem to be solved urgently at present.

Based on this, in various embodiments of the present application, the network side sends an indication message, where the indication message has at least two types, and the terminal determines a TA determination method (which may also be referred to as a determination method) according to the indication message, and then determines the TA according to the parameter and the determination method indicated by the indication message.

According to the scheme of the embodiment of the application, because the indication information can be used for determining the TA determining method, parameters of different scene types are sent aiming at different scenes under the NTN scene, namely, a universal indication method of the indication information is provided, so that the requirements of different scenes can be met.

An embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining a TA, which is applied to a terminal, and as shown in fig. 6, the method includes:

step 601: receiving first information sent by a network side; the first information indicates parameters for determining TA;

step 602: determining a determination method of the TA by utilizing the first information;

step 603: and determining the TA by utilizing the first information and the determination method.

In step 601, during actual application, the terminal may receive the first information sent by the network side through one of the following manners:

a system message;

RRC signaling.

Specifically, when the terminal is in an idle state, the terminal may receive first information sent by a network side through a system message. When the terminal is in a connected state, the terminal may receive first information sent by a network side through a system message and/or an RRC signaling.

The first information indicates a parameter for determining TA, and the indicated parameter is one of at least two parameter types. In practical applications, the first information may specifically be a numerical value, and the numerical value may have at least two types.

In practical application, the network side may further indicate a type corresponding to the first information, so that the terminal can accurately determine the determination method of the TA based on the first information.

Based on this, in an embodiment, when receiving the first information, the method may further include:

Accordingly, the second information sent by the network side can be received by one of the following modes:

a system message;

RRC signaling.

That is, the first information and the second information are carried together in a system message or RRC signaling. Illustratively, for the second information, an Information Element (IE) of the following format may be employed in the signaling:

the value1, value2, and value3 indicate values corresponding to a certain type of parameter, and may also be understood as a flag of a certain type of parameter, that is, the second information.

The different types of parameters for determining the TA are different, and the different types indicate different scenes where the terminal is located. Therefore, in step 602, the method for determining the TA by using the first information may be understood as that the terminal knows the scene where the terminal is located by using the first information, and further knows how to determine the TA by using the first information. Exemplarily, assuming that the first information includes information related to a base station, the determination method known by the terminal is: determining the position of the base station according to the relevant information of the base station, and then determining the TA based on the position of the base station; for another example, assuming that the first information includes information related to a GW, the determination method known by the terminal is: the GW needs to be located according to information related to the GW, and then the TA needs to be located according to the GW.

In actual application, the first information can be used for determining the position of a base station; based on this, the first information may include at least one of:

longitude information of the base station;

latitude information of the base station;

altitude information of the base station;

the remainder (English may be expressed as margin).

Wherein the margin refers to uncertainty. Here, in practical application, the network side may set the size of the margin according to a position error of the base station, a positioning error of the terminal side, and the like; for the position error of the base station, a preset deviation can be set on the network side, namely the position coordinate of the base station is allowed to have the preset deviation so as to meet the design requirement; for the terminal-side positioning error, the network side cannot know the actual positioning error, but can set an upper error limit, which is taken as the terminal-side positioning error. As can be seen from these descriptions, the margin can be understood as the maximum value of the error.

For example, assuming that the parameter Type corresponding to the first information is the above VALUE-Type1, the first information may adopt an IE in the following format in the signaling:

in practical applications, the name of VALUE-Type1 may be defined as a base station location (english may be expressed as locationbase location). degreesLatitude represents latitude information, degreesLongitude represents longitude information, altitude represents altitude information, and uncertaintiy represents uncertainty, namely margin. X1, X2, Y1, Y2, Z1, Z2, XX1 and XX2 are all integers.

When the first information indicates the position of the base station, the terminal determines the position of the base station by using the first information; and determining the TA by utilizing the position of the base station and the position of the terminal.

In practical application, when the first information includes longitude and latitude information, the terminal determines that the height of the base station is 0 m. When the first information does not include the margin, it is determined that the margin is equal to the first preset value. The first preset value may be predefined. The first preset value may be greater than or equal to the size of the margin issued by the network side.

In practical application, the latitude, longitude and altitude information can be determined based on an earth coordinate system; of course, the information may also determine a geographic coordinate system according to a network instruction or a predetermined manner, so as to determine longitude information, latitude information, and altitude information included in the first information in the determined geographic coordinate system. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

In practical applications, the terminal may determine TA according to at least one of the following formulas:

TA 2 distance (terminal position, base station position)/speed of light (1)

TA 2 distance (terminal position, base station position)/speed of light-margin (2)

TA 2 distance (terminal position, base station position) margin/speed of light (3)

Here, distance (terminal position, base station position) represents a distance between a terminal and a base station, and the distance is a three-dimensional distance.

In the formula (1), the influence of the margin is ignored.

In order to avoid that the terminal overestimates the TA value (i.e. is greater than the true TA) due to the base station position indication error and/or the positioning error at the terminal side, so that Inter Symbol Interference (ISI) occurs between the Uplink (UL) signal received by the network equipment side and the preamble Uplink (UL) signal, in equations (2) and (3), the margin influence is considered. The terminal calculates TA according to the margin, and therefore the calculated TA is less than or equal to the true TA (true error is less than or equal to the margin (i.e., maximum error)).

Specifically, in the random access phase, since in the conventional terrestrial network, the UE does not perform TA pre-compensation when transmitting the PRACH, that is, the initial TA is 0 and is less than or equal to the true TA. Therefore, in the related art, PRACH time-frequency resources are designed based on an initial TA less than or equal to a true TA. In NTN, although a TA pre-compensation technique is introduced, it is still desirable that the initial TA estimated by the UE is less than or equal to the true TA, so as to reuse PRACH time-frequency resource design in the related art as much as possible, and avoid that when the UE transmits PRACH, the TA value is excessively compensated, which causes cross-symbol interference between the PRACH transmitted by the UE and other UL signals, that is, ISI occurs, at the base station side.

When the UE is in a connected state, the UE still needs to estimate a distance from the UE to the base station based on its position coordinate, and further determines and compensates the TA, so that a base station position indication error and/or a positioning error at a terminal side still exist, and further, cross-symbol interference occurs between UL signals (such as a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), a channel Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), an uplink demodulation reference signal (UL DMRS), and the like) transmitted by the UE and other UL signals at the base station side.

In actual application, according to different units of the margin, the TA can be determined by using formula (2) or formula (3); specifically, when the margin is the same as the distance unit phase, formula (2) is adopted; when the margin is a time unit, equation (3) is employed.

Fig. 7 shows a timing diagram of uplink and downlink frames at a base station and a terminal side, and it can be seen from fig. 7 that, when the terminal performs compensation by using the TA determined by the above formula, for the base station side, after the UL signal of the UE is TA-compensated, the frame boundary synchronization between the UL signal received at the base station side and the DL timing of the DL signal transmitted by the base station side is ensured, that is, the TA compensation can ensure that the uplink and downlink frame timings at the base station side are kept synchronized. For the UE side, there is a large timing deviation between the uplink and downlink frame timing of the UE side. This TA is referred to as full TA (full TA).

In actual application, the first information can be used for determining the position of a reference point; that is, the first information may indicate coordinate-related information of the reference point; in practical applications, the coordinate-related information of the reference point may include coordinates of the reference point (e.g., < x _ rp, y _ rp, z _ rp >) (i.e., longitude, latitude, altitude), or a coordinate difference of the reference point with respect to a satellite (e.g., < x _ sat, y _ sat, z _ sat >). Illustratively, the agreed reference point is always directly below the satellite, i.e. x _ rp — x _ sat and y _ rp — y _ sat, the base station only needs to broadcast the z-axis coordinate difference Δ z of the reference point relative to the satellite, in which case the UE will determine the coordinates < x _ rp, y _ rp, z _ rp > of the reference point from the satellite ephemeris and the broadcasted system message Δ z as: x _ rp, y _ rp, z _ sat- Δ z, where < x _ sat, y _ sat, z _ sat > represents the coordinates of the satellite.

Based on this, in an embodiment, the first information may include at least one of:

longitude information of the reference point;

latitude information of the reference point;

height information of the reference point;

and the balance.

That is, the first information directly indicates position information of the reference point. In practical application, the latitude, longitude and altitude information can be determined based on an earth coordinate system.

In practical application, the network side may need to set the margin, for example, the margin may be set according to a position error of a reference point, a positioning error of a terminal side, a position error of a satellite, and the like; for the reference point position error and the satellite position error, a preset deviation can be set on the network side respectively, namely the reference point position coordinate allows the preset deviation, and the satellite position coordinate allows the corresponding preset deviation to meet the design requirement; if the network side can not obtain the position error of the reference point and the position error of the satellite, an upper error limit can be set; for the terminal side positioning error, the network side cannot know the actual positioning error, but can set an upper error limit, and the upper error limit is taken as the terminal side positioning error. As can be seen from these descriptions, the margin can be understood as the maximum value of the error.

In another embodiment, the first information may include at least one of:

a position deviation of the reference point relative to the satellite;

and (4) the balance.

Here, in practical application, the first information needs to include a position deviation of the reference point with respect to the satellite; a margin may be further included.

In another embodiment, the first information may include at least one of:

and the balance.

Here, in practical application, the first information needs to include an azimuth angle of a reference point relative to a satellite and altitude information of the reference point; a margin may be further included.

In another embodiment, the first information may include at least one of:

altitude information of the reference point;

and (4) the balance.

Here, in actual application, the first information needs to include altitude information of the reference point; a margin may be further included.

When the first information includes a position deviation of a reference point relative to a satellite, the terminal may indirectly obtain a reference point position according to the satellite position and the position deviation of the reference point relative to the satellite, that is, the terminal determines the reference point position by using the first information and the satellite position.

Illustratively, a three-dimensional coordinate system (as shown in fig. 8) centered on the satellite is established, the origin of the coordinate system is the satellite position, and the coordinate axes are the U-axis, the V-axis and the Z-axis, respectively, so the coordinate system may be referred to as a UV coordinate system. Wherein the Z-axis points from the origin of the coordinate system (i.e., the satellite position) to the earth's center; the U axis is located on the satellite orbital plane (as shown in fig. 9) and is perpendicular to the Z axis; the V-axis is perpendicular to both the Z-axis and the U-axis.

When employing the above-mentioned UV coordinate system, the indication of the position deviation of the reference point with respect to the satellite, i.e. the first information, comprises: < angle θ on UV plane, first distance >, as shown in fig. 10; wherein the first distance is the distance from the reference point to the coordinate origin (i.e. the satellite position); or the first distance is the distance from the reference point to the projection on the Z axis to the coordinate origin.

When the first information includes an azimuth of a reference point relative to a satellite and altitude information of the reference point, the terminal may indirectly obtain a reference point position according to the altitude of the reference point, a satellite position, and the azimuth of the reference point relative to the satellite, that is, the terminal determines the reference point position by using the first information and the satellite position.

Wherein, in practical application, the azimuth angle of the reference point relative to the satellite may be an angle θ of the reference point relative to the satellite on the UV plane.

When only the altitude of the reference point is included in the second type, the terminal may obtain spot beam space information according to a network instruction, thereby determining the position of the reference point according to the spot beam space information and the altitude of the reference point.

As shown in fig. 11 and 12, a satellite typically transmits a plurality of spot beams; the UE obtains the spatial information of the spot beam (such as the angle theta of the spot beam on the UV plane) through other network indication information; after obtaining the spot beam spatial information, the UE may obtain the position of the reference point in a similar manner as described above, in other words, the terminal determines the position of the reference point by using the first information and the spot beam spatial information.

After determining the position of the reference point, the terminal may determine the TA using the position of the reference point, the position of the terminal, and the satellite ephemeris.

Specifically, the terminal may determine TA using the following equation:

TA 2 distance (terminal position, satellite position) -distance (satellite position, reference point position) - ]/speed of light (4)

TA 2 distance (terminal position, satellite position), distance (satellite position, reference point position), margin ]/light speed (5)

TA ═ 2 distance (terminal position, satellite position) -distance (satellite position, reference point position) ]/light speed-margin (6)

Wherein distance represents a distance between the terminal and the satellite, which is a three-dimensional distance; distance (satellite position, reference point position represents the distance between the satellite and the reference point, which is a three-dimensional distance.

In the formula (4), the influence of the margin is ignored.

In the formula (5) and the formula (6), the influence of the margin is considered.

When the units of the margins are different, TA may be determined using formula (5) or formula (6); specifically, when the margin is the same as the distance unit, equation (5) is employed; when the margin is a time unit, equation (6) is employed.

In actual application, when the first information does not include a margin, the terminal may determine that the margin is equal to a second preset value. The second preset value may be predefined. The second preset value may be greater than or equal to the size of the margin issued by the network side.

Fig. 13 shows a timing diagram of uplink and downlink frames at the base station and the terminal, and it can be seen from fig. 13 that, when the TA determined by the above formula is used for compensation, after the UL signal of the UE is TA-compensated at the base station, there is a large deviation between the frame boundary of the DL timing of the DL signal transmitted by the base station and the base station side receiving timing of the UL signal to the base station, that is, the TA compensation cannot ensure that the uplink and downlink frame timing at the base station side are kept synchronized. For the UE side, the uplink and downlink frame timing of the UE side is not synchronized. That is, the TA compensation results in that the uplink and downlink frame boundaries on the base station side and the UE side cannot maintain timing alignment, and such TA is called differential TA.

Compared with full TA compensation, the differential TA compensation is adopted, and the timing deviation of the uplink and downlink frames sensed by the UE side is relatively small.

In practical applications, the scheme for determining the satellite position by using the first information may be applied to a satellite network of a regenerative forwarding architecture, and may also be applied to a satellite network of a transparent forwarding architecture. In the transparent forwarding architecture, the satellite only has radio frequency amplification and forwarding functions, and the base station is on the ground. DL signals transmitted by a base station on the ground are transmitted to a satellite through a GW on the ground and then are forwarded to UE on the ground through the satellite; similarly, the UL signal transmitted by the UE on the ground is transmitted to the satellite, then forwarded to the GW on the ground via the satellite, and finally reaches the base station on the ground. In a regenerative forwarding architecture, the base station is on a satellite. The UE communicates directly with the base station on the satellite.

In actual application, the first information may be used to determine a location of the GW; based on this, in an embodiment, the first information includes at least one of:

longitude information of the GW;

latitude information of GW;

height information of the GW;

and (4) the balance.

That is, the first information directly indicates location information of the GW. In practical applications, the latitude, longitude, and altitude information may be determined based on a terrestrial coordinate system, and it may also be understood that the terminal determines the location of the GW using the first information.

In practical application, the network may set the margin size according to needs, for example, the margin size may be set according to a GW position error, a terminal side positioning error, a satellite position error, and the like; for the GW position error and the satellite position error, a preset deviation may be set on the network side, respectively, that is, the GW position coordinate is allowed to have the preset deviation, and the satellite position coordinate is allowed to have a corresponding preset deviation, so as to meet the design requirements; if the network side can not obtain the position error of the GW and the position error of the satellite, an upper error limit can be set; for the terminal side positioning error, the network side cannot know the actual positioning error, but can set an upper error limit, and the upper error limit is taken as the terminal side positioning error. As can be seen from these descriptions, the margin can be understood as the maximum value of the error.

After determining the location of the GW, the terminal may determine the TA using the location of the GW, the location of the terminal, and the satellite ephemeris.

Specifically, the terminal may determine TA using the following equation:

TA ═ 2 × distance (terminal position, satellite position) + distance (satellite position, GW position) ]/speed of light (7)

TA 2 x distance (terminal position, satellite position) + distance (satellite position, GW position) -margin ]/light speed (8)

TA 2 × distance (terminal position, satellite position) + distance (satellite position, GW position) ]/light speed-margin (9)

Wherein distance represents a distance between the terminal and the satellite, which is a three-dimensional distance; distance (satellite position, GW position) represents the distance between a satellite and a GW, which is a three-dimensional distance.

Here, the terminal may determine distance (terminal position, satellite position) using the satellite ephemeris and the terminal position, and determine distance (satellite position, GW position) using the satellite ephemeris and the GW position. Specifically, when the terminal has GNSS information and a satellite ephemeris, the position of the terminal can be determined by using the GNSS information, and the position of the satellite can be determined by using the satellite ephemeris, so that distance (terminal position, satellite position) can be determined; and from the position of the satellite and the determined GW position, a distance (satellite position, GW position) can be determined.

In the formula (7), the influence of the margin is ignored.

In the formula (8) and the formula (9), the influence of the margin is considered.

When the units of the margins are different, TA may be determined using formula (8) or formula (9); specifically, when the margin is the same as the distance unit phase, equation (8) is employed; when the allowance is a time unit, the formula (9) is adopted

In actual application, when the first information does not include a margin, the terminal may determine that the margin is equal to a third preset value. The third preset value may be predefined. The third preset value may be greater than or equal to the size of the margin issued by the network side.

In practical application, the scheme for determining the GW position by using the first information may be applied to a satellite network of a transparent forwarding architecture. Under the satellite network of the transparent forwarding architecture, the signal propagation path from the UE to the base station on the ground includes: a propagation path between the UE to the satellite, a propagation path between the satellite to a GW on the ground, and a propagation path between a GW on the ground to a base station on the ground; since the propagation path from GW to base station is short and therefore negligible, the propagation distance from UE to base station on the ground may include: the spatial propagation distance of the UE to the satellite and the spatial propagation distance of the satellite to the GW on the ground. Therefore, the above TA is also full TA.

In practical application, the first information may further indicate a distance from a reference point to a satellite, and at this time, when the terminal can obtain its own position, the terminal may determine a TA by using the first information, the terminal position, and a satellite ephemeris; specifically, TA can be determined by the following equation:

TA 2 distance (terminal position, satellite position) first distance/speed of light (10)

Wherein the first distance represents a distance of a reference point to a satellite. The terminal may determine the position of the satellite using the satellite ephemeris. The TA obtained by the scheme is a differential TA, and can be suitable for a satellite network of a regenerative forwarding architecture and a satellite network of a transparent forwarding architecture.

In practical application, the terminal may further consider the margin to determine the TA, that is, the terminal may determine the TA by using the first information, the terminal position, the satellite ephemeris, and the margin; specifically, TA can be determined by the following equation:

TA 2 distance (terminal position, satellite position) first distance-margin/speed of light (11)

TA 2 distance (terminal position, satellite position) first distance/light speed-margin (12)

When the units of the margins are different, TA may be determined using formula (11) or formula (12); specifically, when the margin is the same as the distance unit, equation (11) is adopted; when the margin is a time unit, equation (12) is employed.

Here, the process of determining the margin by the terminal may be understood by referring to the foregoing process, and is not described herein again.

When the terminal cannot acquire the position of the terminal, the terminal can determine the TA by using the first information; specifically, TA can be determined by the following equation:

TA 2 first distance/speed of light (13)

Since the terminal cannot know the position of the terminal and only can perform TA compensation according to the distance indicated by the first information, this scheme can be applied to a satellite network of a regenerative forwarding architecture.

In practical application, the first information may further indicate a distance from a satellite to a GW, and at this time, the terminal may determine a TA by using the first information, the terminal position, and a satellite ephemeris; specifically, TA can be determined by the following equation:

TA 2 distance (terminal position, satellite position) + second distance ]/speed of light (14)

Wherein the second distance represents a distance of the satellite to the GW.

In practical application, the terminal may further determine the TA in consideration of the margin, that is, the terminal may determine the TA by using the first information, the terminal position, the satellite ephemeris, and the margin; specifically, TA can be determined by the following equation:

TA 2 distance (terminal position, satellite position) + second distance-margin ]/speed of light (15)

TA 2 distance (terminal position, satellite position) + second distance/speed of light-margin (16)

Here, when the unit of the margin is different, TA may be determined using formula (15) or formula (16); specifically, when the margin is the same as the distance unit phase, equation (15) is employed; when the margin is a time unit, equation (16) is employed.

The TA obtained by the scheme is full TA and can be suitable for a satellite network of a transparent forwarding architecture.

In actual application, the first information may further indicate a sum of a distance from a reference point to a satellite and a distance from the satellite to a GW, and at this time, the terminal determines a TA by using the first information; specifically, TA can be determined by the following equation:

TA 2 third distance/speed of light (6)

Wherein the third distance represents a sum of a distance from the reference point to the satellite and a distance from the satellite to the GW.

The terminal cannot know the position of the terminal and can only perform TA compensation through the distance indicated by the first information, so the scheme can be suitable for a satellite network with a transparent forwarding architecture.

Correspondingly, an embodiment of the present application further provides a method for determining a TA, which is applied to a network device (specifically, a base station), and includes:

sending first information to a terminal; the first information can indicate one parameter of at least two parameter types for determining TA; the first information is used for the terminal to determine the TA.

In an embodiment, when the first information is sent to the terminal, the method may further include:

In practical application, the network device needs to determine the first information, and specifically, the first information may be determined according to needs (such as a scene where the terminal is located).

In one embodiment, the first information is sent to the terminal by at least one of:

a system message;

RRC signaling.

An embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining a TA, and as shown in fig. 14, the method includes:

step 1401: the network equipment sends first information to the terminal; the first information indicates parameters for determining TA; the first information can be used to determine a determination method of a TA;

step 1402: the terminal determines a determination method of the TA by using the first information; and determining the TA by utilizing the first information and the determination method.

Here, the specific processing procedures of the network device and the terminal have been described in detail above, and are not described in detail here.

In the method for determining the TA provided by the embodiment of the application, network equipment sends first information to a terminal; the first information indicates parameters for determining TA; after receiving the first information, the terminal determines a determination method of the TA by using the first information; according to the scheme of the embodiment of the application, the first information can be used for determining the TA determination method, and parameters of different scene types are sent under different NTN scenes, namely a universal indication mode of indication information is provided, so that the requirements of different scenes can be met.

In order to implement the method at the terminal side in the embodiment of the present application, an embodiment of the present application further provides a TA determining apparatus, which is disposed on a terminal, and as shown in fig. 15, the apparatus includes:

a receiving unit 1501, configured to receive first information sent by a network side; the first information indicates parameters for determining TA;

a first determining unit 1502 configured to determine a determination method of the TA by using the first information; and determining the TA by using the first information and the determination method.

In an embodiment, the receiving unit 1501 is further configured to receive second information sent by the network side when receiving the first information; the second information indicates a type corresponding to the first information;

the first determining unit 1502 is configured to determine a TA determining method by using the first information and the second information.

In an embodiment, the receiving unit 1501 is specifically configured to receive the first information sent by the network side by at least one of the following ways:

a system message;

RRC signaling.

In an embodiment, the first determining unit 1502 is specifically configured to:

determining a position of a base station using the first information;

and determining the TA by using the position of the base station, the position of the terminal and the allowance.

determining a reference point position using the first information;

determining a position of a GW using the first information;

In practical applications, the receiving unit 1501 may be implemented by a communication interface in the TA determining apparatus; the first determination unit 1502 may be implemented by a processor in the TA determination apparatus.

In order to implement the method at the network device side in the embodiment of the present application, an embodiment of the present application further provides a TA determining apparatus, which is disposed on a network device, and as shown in fig. 16, the apparatus includes:

a transmitting unit 1601 for transmitting first information to a terminal; the first information indicates parameters for determining TA; the first information can be used to determine a determination method of the TA.

In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 16, the apparatus may further include:

a second determining unit 1602, configured to determine the first information.

In an embodiment, the sending unit 1601 is further configured to send second information to a terminal when sending the first information to the terminal; the second information indicates a type corresponding to the first information.

In an embodiment, the sending unit 1601 is specifically configured to send the first information to the terminal by at least one of the following manners:

a system message;

RRC signaling.

In practical applications, the sending unit 1601 may be implemented by a communication interface in a TA determination device; the second determining unit 1602 may be implemented by a processor in the TA determining apparatus.

It should be noted that: the TA determining apparatus provided in the foregoing embodiment is only illustrated by dividing the program modules when determining the TA, and in practical applications, the above processing may be distributed and completed by different program modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the apparatus is divided into different program modules to complete all or part of the above described processing. In addition, the TA determination apparatus provided in the foregoing embodiment and the TA determination method embodiment belong to the same concept, and specific implementation processes thereof are described in the method embodiment and are not described herein again.

Based on the hardware implementation of the program module, and in order to implement the method at the terminal side in the embodiment of the present application, an embodiment of the present application further provides a terminal, as shown in fig. 17, where the terminal 1700 includes:

a first communication interface 1701 capable of performing information interaction with a network device;

the first processor 1702 is connected to the first communication interface 1701 to implement information interaction with a network device, and is configured to execute a method provided by one or more technical solutions of the terminal side when running a computer program. And the computer program is stored on the first memory 1703.

Specifically, the first communication interface 1701 is configured to receive first information sent by a network side; the first information indicates parameters for determining TA;

the first processor 1702, configured to determine a TA determination method using the first information; and determining the TA by using the first information and the determination method.

In an embodiment, the first communication interface 1701 is further configured to receive second information sent by the network side when receiving the first information; the second information indicates a type corresponding to the first information;

the first processor 1702 is configured to determine a TA determination method by using the first information and the second information.

In an embodiment, the first communication interface 1701 is specifically configured to receive the first information sent by the network side through at least one of the following manners:

a system message;

RRC signaling.

In an embodiment, the first processor 1702 is specifically configured to:

determining a position of a base station using the first information;

and determining the TA by using the position of the base station, the position of the terminal and the margin.

In an embodiment, the first processor 1702 is specifically configured to:

determining a reference point position using the first information;

In an embodiment, the first processor 1702 is specifically configured to:

determining a location of a GW using the first information;

In an embodiment, the first processor 1702 is specifically configured to:

It should be noted that: the specific processing of the first processor 1702 may be understood with reference to the above-described method.

Of course, in practice, the various components in terminal 1700 are coupled together by bus system 1704. It is understood that the bus system 1704 is used to enable communications among the components connected. The bus system 1704 includes a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus in addition to the data bus. For clarity of illustration, however, the various buses are designated in FIG. 17 as the bus system 1704.

The first memory 1703 in the embodiment of the present application is used to store various types of data to support the operation of the terminal 1700. Examples of such data include: any computer program for operating on terminal 1700.

The method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be applied to the first processor 1702, or implemented by the first processor 1702. The first processor 1702 may be an integrated circuit chip having signal processing capabilities. In implementation, the steps of the above method may be implemented by integrated logic circuits of hardware or instructions in the form of software in the first processor 1702. The first Processor 1702 described above may be a general purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware components, etc. The first processor 1702 may implement or perform the methods, steps and logic blocks disclosed in the embodiments of the present application. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor or the like. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented by a hardware decoding processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module may be located in a storage medium located in the first memory 1703, and the first processor 1702 reads the information in the first memory 1703 and performs the steps of the foregoing method in combination with hardware thereof.

In an exemplary embodiment, terminal 1700 may be implemented by one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), DSPs, Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), Complex Programmable Logic Devices (CPLDs), Field-Programmable Gate arrays (FPGAs), general purpose processors, controllers, Micro Controllers (MCUs), microprocessors (microprocessors), or other electronic components for performing the foregoing methods.

Based on the hardware implementation of the program module, and in order to implement the method at the network device side in the embodiment of the present application, an embodiment of the present application further provides a network device, as shown in fig. 18, where the network device 1800 includes:

a second communication interface 1801, which is capable of performing information interaction with a terminal;

the second processor 1802 is connected to the second communication interface 1801 to implement information interaction with a terminal, and is configured to execute a method provided by one or more technical solutions of the network device side when running a computer program. And the computer program is stored on the second memory 1803.

Specifically, the second communication interface 1801 is configured to send first information to a terminal; the first information indicates parameters for determining TA; the first information can be used to determine a determination method of the TA.

In an embodiment, the second processor 1802 is configured to determine the first information.

In an embodiment, the second communication interface 1801 is further configured to send second information to a terminal when sending first information to the terminal; the second information indicates a type corresponding to the first information.

In an embodiment, the second communication interface 1801 is specifically configured to send the first information to the terminal through at least one of the following manners:

a system message;

RRC signaling.

It should be noted that: the specific processing of the second processor 1802 may be understood with reference to the above-described method.

Of course, in actual practice, the various components in the network device 1800 are coupled together by a bus system 1804. It is understood that the bus system 1804 is used to enable communications among the components. The bus system 1804 includes, in addition to the data bus, a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus. For clarity of illustration, however, the various busses are labeled in fig. 18 as the bus system 1804.

The second memory 1803 in this embodiment is used for storing various types of data to support the operation of the network device 1800. Examples of such data include: any computer program for operating on the network device 1800.

The method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be applied to the second processor 1802, or implemented by the second processor 1802. The second processor 1802 may be an integrated circuit chip having signal processing capabilities. In implementation, the steps of the above method may be performed by integrated logic circuits of hardware or instructions in the form of software in the second processor 1802. The second processor 1802 described above may be a general purpose processor, a DSP, or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component, or the like. The second processor 1802 may implement or perform the methods, steps, and logic blocks disclosed in the embodiments of the present application. The general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor or the like. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented by a hardware decoding processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software modules may be located in a storage medium located in the second memory 1803, and the second processor 1802 may read the information in the second memory 1803 and complete the foregoing method steps in combination with its hardware.

In an exemplary embodiment, the network device 1800 may be implemented by one or more ASICs, DSPs, PLDs, CPLDs, FPGAs, general-purpose processors, controllers, MCUs, microprocessors, or other electronic components for performing the aforementioned methods.

It is understood that the memories (the first memory 1703 and the second memory 1803) of the embodiments of the present application may be volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, and may include both volatile and nonvolatile memories. Among them, the nonvolatile Memory may be a Read Only Memory (ROM), a Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM), an Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), an Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), a magnetic random access Memory (FRAM), a magnetic random access Memory (Flash Memory), a magnetic surface Memory, an optical Disc, or a Compact Disc Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM); the magnetic surface storage may be disk storage or tape storage. Volatile Memory can be Random Access Memory (RAM), which acts as external cache Memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Synchronous Static Random Access Memory (SSRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (SDRAM), Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (DDRSDRAM), Enhanced Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (ESDRAM), Enhanced Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (Enhanced DRAM), Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (SLDRAM), Direct Memory (DRmb Access), and Random Access Memory (DRAM). The memories described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to comprise, without being limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

In order to implement the method provided by the embodiment of the present application, an embodiment of the present application further provides a TA determining system, as shown in fig. 19, where the system includes: network device 1901, and terminal 1902.

Here, it should be noted that: the specific processing procedures of the network device 1901 and the terminal 1902 have been described above in detail, and are not described herein again.

In an exemplary embodiment, the present application further provides a storage medium, specifically a computer-readable storage medium, for example, a first memory 1703 storing a computer program, which can be executed by the first processor 1702 of the terminal 1700 to complete the steps of the foregoing terminal-side method. For example, the second memory 1803 may store a computer program that may be executed by the second processor 1802 of the network device 1800 to perform the steps of the network device side method described above. The computer readable storage medium may be Memory such as FRAM, ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, Flash Memory, magnetic surface Memory, optical disk, or CD-ROM.

It should be noted that: "first," "second," and the like are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.

The technical means described in the embodiments of the present application may be arbitrarily combined without conflict.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for determining Timing Advance (TA) is applied to a terminal and comprises the following steps:

2. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the first information, the method further comprises:

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the first information comprises at least one of:

longitude information of the base station;

latitude information of the base station;

altitude information of the base station;

the balance;

alternatively, the first information includes at least one of:

longitude information of the reference point;

latitude information of the reference point;

height information of the reference point;

the balance;

or, the first information includes at least one of:

a position deviation of the reference point relative to the satellite;

the balance;

or, the first information includes at least one of:

the balance;

or, the first information includes at least one of:

altitude information of the reference point;

the balance;

or, the first information includes at least one of:

longitude information of the gateway;

latitude information of the gateway;

height information of the gateway;

the balance;

or the first information indicates the distance from a reference point to a satellite or indicates the distance from the satellite to a gateway;

alternatively, the first information indicates a sum of a distance from the reference point to the satellite and a distance from the satellite to the gateway.

4. The method of claim 3,

if the first information comprises at least one of: longitude information of the base station, latitude information of the base station, altitude information of the base station, and allowance; the determining the TA by using the first information and the determining method includes:

5. The method of claim 4, wherein TA is determined by one of the following equations:

TA is 2 distance (terminal position, base station position) -margin ]/speed of light;

where distance (terminal position, base station position) represents a distance between a terminal and a base station.

6. The method of claim 3,

if the first information comprises at least one of: longitude information of the reference point; latitude information of the reference point; height information of the reference point; the balance; or the first information comprises at least one of: a position deviation of the reference point relative to the satellite; the balance; or the first information comprises at least one of: azimuth of a reference point relative to a satellite and altitude information of the reference point; or, the first information includes at least one of: altitude information of the reference point; the balance; the determining the TA by using the first information and the determining method includes:

determining a reference point position by using the first information;

7. The method of claim 6, wherein TA is determined by one of the following equations:

8. The method of claim 3, wherein if the first information comprises at least one of: longitude information of the gateway; latitude information of the gateway; height information of the gateway; the balance;

the determining the TA by using the first information and the determining method includes:

determining a location of a gateway using the first information;

and determining the TA by using the position of the gateway, the position of the terminal, the satellite ephemeris and the margin.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein TA is determined by one of the following equations:

TA is 2 distance (terminal position, satellite position) + distance (satellite position, gateway position) ]/light speed — margin;

wherein distance (terminal position, satellite position) represents a distance between the terminal and the satellite; distance (satellite position, GW position) represents the distance between the satellite and the GW.

10. The method of claim 3, wherein if the first information indicates a distance from a reference point to a satellite or indicates a distance from a satellite to a gateway; the determining the TA by using the first information and the determining method includes:

11. The method of claim 10, wherein TA is determined by one of the following equations:

12. The method of claim 10, wherein TA is determined by one of the following equations:

wherein distance (terminal position, satellite position) represents a distance between the terminal and the satellite; the second distance represents a distance of the satellite to the gateway.

13. The method of claim 3, wherein if the first information indicates a sum of a distance from the reference point to the satellite and a distance from the satellite to the gateway, the TA is determined by the following equation:

TA 2 third distance/speed of light;

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13,

receiving first information sent by the network side by at least one of the following modes:

a system message;

radio resource control, RRC, signaling.

15. A method for determining TA, applied to a network device, includes:

16. The method of claim 15, wherein when transmitting the first information to the terminal, the method further comprises:

17. The method of claim 15, wherein the first information comprises at least one of:

longitude information of the base station;

latitude information of the base station;

altitude information of the base station;

the balance;

or, the first information includes at least one of:

longitude information of the reference point;

latitude information of the reference point;

height information of the reference point;

the balance;

alternatively, the first information includes one of:

a position deviation of the reference point relative to the satellite;

the balance;

or, the first information includes at least one of:

the balance;

alternatively, the first information includes at least one of:

altitude information of the reference point;

the balance;

or, the first information includes at least one of:

longitude information of the gateway;

latitude information of the gateway;

height information of the gateway;

the balance;

18. The method of any one of claims 15 to 17,

sending the first information to the terminal by at least one of the following ways:

a system message;

RRC signaling.

19. An apparatus for determining a TA, comprising:

the receiving unit is used for receiving first information sent by a network side; the first information can indicate one parameter of at least two parameter types for determining TA;

20. An apparatus for determining a TA, comprising:

a transmitting unit, configured to transmit first information to a terminal; the first information indicates parameters for determining TA; the first information can be used to determine a determination method of the TA.

21. A terminal, comprising:

22. A network device, comprising: a second communication interface and a second processor; wherein,

23. A terminal, comprising: a first processor and a first memory for storing a computer program capable of running on the processor,

wherein the first processor is adapted to perform the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 14 when running the computer program.

24. A network device, comprising: a second processor and a second memory for storing a computer program capable of running on the processor,

wherein the second processor is adapted to perform the steps of the method of any of claims 15 to 18 when running the computer program.

25. A storage medium having stored thereon a computer program for performing the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 14 or for performing the steps of the method of any one of claims 15 to 18 when executed by a processor.