CN114763272A - Sludge reduction and harmless treatment method for composite coagulation solid-liquid separation - Google Patents
Sludge reduction and harmless treatment method for composite coagulation solid-liquid separation Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
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- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
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- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- LPUQAYUQRXPFSQ-DFWYDOINSA-M monosodium L-glutamate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O LPUQAYUQRXPFSQ-DFWYDOINSA-M 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
Abstract
A composite coagulation solid-liquid separation sludge reduction and harmless treatment method comprises the first step of putting polymeric ferric sulfate into a alum dissolving tank according to the concentration of 10-30%, injecting tap water, stirring, fully hydrolyzing, standing until the mixture is reddish brown liquid, diluting with water to the required concentration, putting the mixture into sewage to be treated, and adsorbing and clustering sludge molecules in the sewage to be treated; secondly, dissolving nonionic polyacrylamide in water, stirring and preparing a 0.1-0.3% nonionic flocculant solution by a stirrer at a rotating speed of about 200 RPM, uniformly adding a composite coagulation dehydration B agent into the treated sewage when sludge molecules are in a floating state after forming alum flocs, stirring the sewage by the stirrer at a rotating speed of about 400 RPM, and performing high-efficiency coagulation on the sludge molecules forming the alum flocs to form large cohesive masses; and thirdly, the mud molecules agglomerated together naturally settle along with the increase of the self weight. The invention can better realize the reduction and the harmlessness of the sludge in the sewage treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a sludge reduction and harmless treatment method for composite coagulation solid-liquid separation.
Background
The solid precipitate, sludge, produced in the process of treating municipal or industrial sewage in sewage treatment plants is an extremely complex heterogeneous body composed of organic residues, bacterial cells, inorganic particles, colloids and the like. The main characteristics of the sludge are high water content, high organic matter content, easy decomposition and stink generation, fine particles, small specific gravity and colloidal liquid state. It is a thick matter between liquid and solid, and is difficult to separate solid from liquid by natural sedimentation.
The traditional sludge solid-liquid separation method, also called chemical separation method, mainly adopts lime and ferric trichloride to mix and stir with sludge to separate solid from liquid. The lime belongs to strong alkali property, and can effectively kill organic substances, colloidal flora and the like in the sludge. Ferric trichloride belongs to strong acid property, has certain flocculation effect, and flocculates, coheres and settles lime particles and sludge molecules to promote solid-liquid separation. At present, a method for treating a cationic polymer with a quaternary ammonium type flocculant A and a method for treating a cationic polymer with aminomethyl polyacrylamide as a main component with a flocculant B are also available, and other commonly used methods for treating sludge by using cationic polyacrylamide are available.
The traditional separation method has the following defects:
1. the increment is significant. Since lime is an insoluble material, addition to sludge directly results in sludge gain. The higher the organic matter content of the sludge is, the larger the lime adding amount is, the average adding ratio is between 20% and 25%, and the adding ratio in some areas reaches 80%, so that the sludge is increased seriously, and the later-stage treatment cost of the sludge is also increased greatly;
2. secondary pollution. Due to the addition of lime and ferric trichloride, the properties of the sludge are qualitatively changed, the sludge becomes toxic and harmful, and the landfill treatment of the sludge can cause serious pollution to soil and underground water; the chlorine gas generated by incineration disposal is accumulated in the pipeline, and serious potential safety hazard exists; the lime can also form slag in the furnace body, and the pipeline is filled up, so that the lime is difficult to clean; ferric trichloride is used as one of the strongest etching materials for steel parts, is dissolved in water with too strong acidity, and can generate hydrogen evolution corrosion on steel, so that an iron metal sewage pipe network in the process of solid-liquid separation is easy to corrode.
At present, the conventional method for treating sludge by using anionic polyacrylamide and cationic polyacrylamide is more used, the latter is expensive and has not the best effect in some sewage treatment fields, and the cationic polyacrylamide is used for sludge dewatering and needs to add a working procedure, and pressure filtration is carried out by using equipment such as a pressure filter and the like, wherein the pressure filtration comprises the toxic moisture remained if ferric trichloride is used in the early stage of pressure filtration.
For safer work of our water treatment plant workers, we did not use ferric chloride. Ferric trichloride is a toxic chemical, and inhalation of ferric trichloride dust has strong stimulation and corrosion effects on the whole respiratory tract, damages mucosal tissues, causes chemical pneumonia and the like; the eye is strongly corrosive, and the serious can cause blindness; skin contact can cause chemical burns; oral administration can burn oral cavity and digestive tract, and severe abdominal pain, emesis and collapse can occur; liver and kidney damage may be caused by long-term intake; decomposition by high heat can produce the toxic corrosive gas hydrogen chloride. Secondly, the ferric trichloride has extremely strong corrosion action on metals, and has extremely high corrosion resistance requirements on some metal containers when preparing medicaments.
In the treatment of sewage by various methods, we also strive to find and practice a safer procedure, simpler method, in certain types of sewage treatment, particularly in the treatment of municipal sewage. The method is improved, so that the solid-liquid separation of domestic sewage can achieve the effects of safety and labor-saving treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses a sludge reduction and harmless treatment method for composite coagulation solid-liquid separation, which is characterized in that according to the characteristic that nonionic polyacrylamide is suitable for acidic wastewater, a polyferric sulfate solution is artificially added into municipal domestic sewage to be treated to ensure that a water body is acidic to a proper degree, and then the nonionic polyacrylamide solution is added and uniformly mixed to ensure that sludge in the sewage is settled to achieve the purpose of completely separating solid from liquid; in the method, the composite coagulation dehydration A agent polymeric ferric sulfate and the composite coagulation dehydration B agent nonionic polyacrylamide are prepared by respective specific methods and are sequentially used according to the property change condition of sludge, and the operation steps are as follows: firstly, putting a composite coagulation dehydration agent A into an alum dissolving pool according to the concentration of 10-30%, injecting tap water, stirring to fully hydrolyze, standing until the mixture is reddish brown liquid, diluting the mixture with water to the required concentration, putting the mixture into sewage to be treated for treatment, adsorbing and agglomerating mud molecules in the sewage to be treated, and quickly forming alum flocs; secondly, dissolving the composite coagulation and dehydration agent B in water, stirring and preparing a non-ionic flocculant solution with the concentration of 0.1-0.3% by adopting a stirrer at the rotating speed of about 200 RPM, keeping the water temperature between 20 and 45 ℃ in a floating state after alum flocs are formed by mud molecules, uniformly adding the composite coagulation and dehydration agent B into the treated sewage, stirring the sewage by using the stirrer at the rotating speed of about 400 RPM, performing high-efficiency coagulation on the alum floc-formed mud molecules to form large cohesive masses, and slowing down the stirring speed after flocs appear; and thirdly, naturally settling the agglomerated mud molecules along with the increase of the self weight, and carrying out solid-liquid separation.
As further described in the above technical solution, in the first step, the treated wastewater is acidic to a suitable degree, and the pH of the wastewater is preferably 4.
As further described in the above technical solution, in the second step, the dosage of the non-ionic polyacrylamide is adjusted to make the pH value of the treated sewage about 7.
The composite coagulation solid-liquid separation technology can better realize the purposes of sludge reduction and harmlessness in sewage treatment.
Detailed Description
The sludge reduction and harmless treatment method for composite coagulation solid-liquid separation is applied to the treatment range of municipal sewage and a small amount of industrial sewage, and does not relate to other ranges such as the petroleum field and the like. In this case, the liquid can be drained after the solid-liquid separation of the sewage by the method of the invention, and the sludge solid is remained.
The composite coagulation solid-liquid separation technology uses medicaments as composite coagulation dehydrating agents which are respectively polymeric ferric sulfate as a composite coagulation dehydrating agent A and nonionic polyacrylamide as a composite coagulation dehydrating agent B, and the composite coagulation dehydrating agents and the nonionic polyacrylamide are sequentially added into sewage to be treated according to the property change of the sludge through proper operation steps, and the effect of completely separating solid from liquid is obtained after natural sedimentation.
At present, because the price of nonionic polyacrylamide is much higher than that of anionic polyacrylamide, the target municipal sewage has less acidic sewage source, and the nonionic polyacrylamide is not used for the municipal sewage treatment alone, so the nonionic polyacrylamide is not used as the cationic polyacrylamide widely.
Generally, the cationic polyacrylamide is mainly used for sludge dewatering and organic wastewater treatment, and the effect is optimal; the neutral and near-neutral wastewater mostly uses anionic polyacrylamide, and the effect is optimal; the acidic sewage is mostly pertinently prepared by using nonionic polyacrylamide, the effect is optimal, and the treated water quality has no peculiar smell.
According to the characteristic that nonionic polyacrylamide is mainly suitable for acidic wastewater, the polymeric ferric sulfate solution is artificially added into the urban domestic sewage to be treated to enable the water body to be acidic to a proper degree, and then the nonionic polyacrylamide solution is added and uniformly mixed, so that sludge in the sewage is naturally settled, and the purpose of solid-liquid separation is achieved. The treated sewage is purer, the sludge solid has no peculiar smell, and the using amount is less. One ton of polyferric sulfate is about one thousand yuan, one ton of nonionic polyacrylamide is about four thousand yuan, and the total price of single use is in an acceptable range.
The non-ionic polyacrylamide series products are linear high polymers with high molecular weight and low ionic degree, and have the functions of flocculation, dispersion, thickening, adhesion, film forming, gelation and colloid stabilization due to the special groups. Sewage treatment agent: when the suspended sewage is acidic, the non-ionic polyacrylamide is suitably used as the flocculating agent. And a small amount of nonionic polyacrylamide is added, so that a great flocculation effect can be achieved. Generally, the addition of 0.01 to 10ppm (0.01 to 10g/m 3) is sufficient.
The basic working process of the invention is as follows: adsorption, coagulation, sedimentation and separation. Compared with the use of the traditional chemical agent, the dosage of the chemical agent is less, the weight of the sludge is not increased, and the generated sludge is non-toxic and harmless, can be used for producing organic fertilizers, building materials and the like, and is convenient for post treatment.
The invention adopts a composite coagulation solid-liquid separation technology, is different from the traditional chemical separation method, abandons the use of the traditional lime and toxic ferric trichloride, and also excludes the use of cationic polymers and cationic polyacrylamide which take quaternary ammonium type or aminomethyl polyacrylamide as main components. The dehydrating agent of the invention is also different from the prior dehydrating agent which adopts ferric trichloride aqueous solution, anionic polyacrylamide or cationic polyacrylamide.
The sludge dehydration by adopting the cationic polyacrylamide can be divided into natural drying dehydration and mechanical dehydration. The natural drying dehydration means that the sludge is placed in a drying square to be dehydrated through evaporation, permeation and clear liquid overflow, and the method is easy to generate stink and breed epidemic diseases. The cationic polyacrylamide needs to be added with a working procedure for sludge dehydration and is subjected to filter pressing by equipment such as a filter press.
The non-ionic polyacrylamide is prepared by homopolymerization of polyacrylamide, has a white granular appearance, has a molecular weight of 400-1200 ten thousand, and has high purity, good solubility and high molecular weight. Nonionic polyacrylamides are water-soluble high molecular polymers or polyelectrolytes. Because of the polar groups in the molecular chain, the polymer can absorb solid particles suspended in water, bridge the particles or coagulate the particles to form large flocculate through charge neutralization. In some occasions where the ionic polyacrylamide is not suitable to be used, for example, in most cases where the sludge is not expected to smell, polymeric ferric sulfate can be added to change the domestic sewage into acidity, and then the nonionic polyacrylamide is added to dehydrate the sludge. The method has the advantages that the treated sludge is non-toxic and can be reused. The sewage treatment result of the invention can be that the sludge naturally settles, and the sludge is dried after being separated, thereby reducing the filter pressing link and avoiding the condition of easy generation of stink.
The basic working principle of the composite coagulation solid-liquid separation is as follows: the sewage is firstly added with the composite coagulation dehydration A agent polyferric sulfate to lead the sewage to be acidic, and then the composite coagulation dehydration B agent nonionic polyacrylamide is used for processing.
The operation steps of the sewage treatment of the invention can be divided into the following three steps:
(1) and adsorption: the polymer polymeric ferric sulfate is put into the sewage to adsorb mud molecules in the sludge. The principle of the adsorption work is that mud molecules in the treated sewage are adsorbed and cohered to quickly form alum flocs, and the sewage to be treated is acidic, so that the first step of solid-liquid separation is completed;
(2) and coagulation: after about one hour, the mud molecules are in a floating state after forming the alum flocs and cannot be settled, so the working principle of the composite coagulation and dehydration agent B is to perform high-efficiency coagulation on the mud molecules forming the alum flocs for about one hour to form large cohesive masses and complete the second step of solid-liquid separation;
(3) and settling: the mud molecules agglomerated together naturally settle along with the increase of the self weight to achieve the complete separation of solid and liquid, the separated solid is discharged into a discharge port of a sewage plant after further treatment and qualified discharge, and the settled sludge is transferred to a certain place to be dried or filter-pressed.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the method for treating sludge according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The invention develops two parts of composite coagulation dehydration A agent polymeric ferric sulfate and composite coagulation dehydration B agent non-ionic polyacrylamide A, B.
Hereinafter, the A is referred to as "composite coagulant/dehydrate A agent polyferric sulfate".
The composite coagulation dehydration A agent adopted by the invention is polymeric ferric sulfate.
Polyferric sulfate is a novel inorganic polymer coagulant for water treatment developed in recent years. The titanium pigment is prepared by taking ferrous sulfate and sulfuric acid which are byproducts of titanium pigment production as raw materials through dissolution, catalysis and polymerization, and has the characteristics of effective phosphorus removal, decoloration and deodorization. The polyferric sulfate can be used for purifying drinking water and treating industrial sewage, has the advantages of large specific gravity of ferric salt, easy precipitation, good water purifying effect, lower water preparation cost than ferric chloride and polyaluminum chloride and the like, and is a novel water purifier with wide application prospect. The polymeric ferric sulfate serving as a novel drinking water purifying agent is researched on the aspects of physicochemical, toxicological and industrial application by the institution of China on the influence of the polymeric ferric sulfate on the drinking water quality. The research shows that: the polymeric ferric sulfate has low content of harmful substances and good water purification effect, and the purified water quality reaches the standard of drinking water.
Compared with the condition that ferric trichloride is too strong in acidity when dissolved in water, the polymeric ferric sulfate is less corrosive to iron pipe network containers, dissolving equipment and dosing facilities. Polymeric ferric sulfate, and corrosion to equipment, pipelines, related contacted instruments, water pumps and other containers to a certain extent in the wastewater treatment and adding process, so that the service life of various equipment is shortened, the failure rate and the maintenance cost of equipment use are increased, and the reconstruction cost of the equipment is finally increased. Although the polyferric sulfate belongs to a weakly acidic substance, the improved polyferric sulfate does not contain Cl < - >, the corrosiveness to equipment, pipelines and structures is greatly reduced, but the improved polyferric sulfate still has a certain degree of corrosiveness, and is mainly corroded in some cast iron containers. The enhanced polyferric sulfate has strong adsorption and electric neutralization effects, can effectively adsorb most metal ions in a coprecipitation water body, has no residual iron ions in water, does not contain Cl-and greatly prolongs the service life of a cast iron water pipeline, and is 1/5 corrosive to common polyferric sulfate. Hardly corrodes steel materials with short reaction time. With the improvement of polyferric sulfate, the corrosiveness of polyferric sulfate is smaller and smaller, and at the same time, the polyferric sulfate is applied to corrosion-resistant materials, so that the polyferric sulfate is completely free from the concern of corrosiveness on equipment and pipelines.
The preparation method of the polymeric ferric sulfate used in the setting step of the invention comprises the following steps:
1. before use, putting the product into a alum dissolving pool according to the concentration of 10-30%, injecting tap water, stirring to fully hydrolyze, standing until the product is reddish brown liquid, diluting with water to the required concentration, adding the diluted product into sewage, coagulating, and enabling the sewage to reach the acidity of a proper degree by adopting a PH meter, wherein the PH value of the sewage is about 4;
2. the dosage is determined according to the property of raw water by production debugging or beaker experiment according to the formation of proper amount of alum blossom, the dosage of other raw medicines used by a water production plant can be used as reference, and the dosage of the product is about equal to the dosage of solid polyaluminium chloride under the same condition, and is 1/3-1/4 of the dosage of solid aluminum sulfate. If a liquid product is used, it can be calculated according to the concentration of the corresponding medicament. Approximately 1 to 3 by weight;
3. when in use, the prepared liquid medicine is pumped into a metering tank, and is coagulated with raw water by metering the added liquid medicine;
4. in general, the preparation is used in the same day, tap water is needed for the preparation, and slightly precipitates are normal;
5. paying attention to hydraulic conditions and alum floc formation conditions in three stages of a coagulation process;
6. The product is applied to the treatment of environmental protection and industrial wastewater, the using method is almost the same as that of a water production plant, and the product has excellent effect on treating raw water with high chroma, high COD and BOD and being supplemented with an auxiliary agent.
A certain amount of polymeric ferric sulfate is dissolved in the sewage to be treated and then presents a certain acidity, a better matching relation is provided by matching with the nonionic polyacrylamide in the sewage treatment, the achieved solid-liquid separation effect of the sludge is better, the solid amount of the treated sludge is basically not increased, and the sludge has no odor.
The following B corresponds to the nonionic polyacrylamide as the composite coagulant/dehydrater B.
The description first states the more commonly used comparative agent cationic polyacrylamide in sewage treatment:
1. if the 10-ion degree can achieve good effect, products with 20-ion degrees do not need to be purchased, sewage and sludge produced by different industries are different, and therefore the ion degrees of the selected cationic polyacrylamide are different. If the ionicity is too low, sludge flocs are not tight enough, and if the ionicity is too high, the sludge flocs are rejected due to excessive charge. For example, the urban sewage is high in organic matter, high-ionic polyacrylamide is usually selected, the effect is better at 50 ℃ and 60 ℃, but the price is higher at the moment and is higher than that of nonionic polyacrylamide. The higher the ionic degree is, the stronger the destabilization effect of the sludge colloid particles by neutralizing negative charges is, but the molecular weight of the cationic polyacrylamide with high ionic degree is usually smaller, and the adsorption and bridging capacity is weaker. The type and the adding amount of polyacrylamide and the dryness of a dewatered mud cake in the sludge dewatering process are different according to the types of sludge, so that various cationic polyacrylamide products with different types need to be tested and selected;
2. The adsorption-bridging mechanism mainly refers to the process of bridging and connecting particles into individual floccules, namely alum flowers, by adsorbing the added water-soluble chain-shaped high-molecular polymer with colloids and fine suspended matters through active sites under the action of electrostatic attraction, van der Waals attraction, hydrogen bond force and the like. The polymeric flocculant is used for adsorbing and bridging particles, for example, after trivalent aluminum salt or ferric salt and other polymeric coagulants are added into a solution, a polymeric compound with a linear structure can be formed through hydrolysis and polycondensation, and can also be strongly adsorbed by colloidal particles. Because its linear length is great, after its one end adsorbs a certain micelle, the other end adsorbs another colloid again to adsorb the bridging between two micells far away, make the granule grow gradually, form thick flocculating constituent. This mechanism can explain why some coagulants, including cationic polyacrylamides of certain ionicity, are not effective when the municipal sewage turbidity is very low. Because the sewage turbidity is low and the colloid is less, after one end of the high molecular polymer stretching part adsorbs one colloidal particle, the other end can not play a role of bridging because the other end can not adhere to a second colloidal particle, thereby not achieving the effect of coagulation;
3. Application of cationic polyacrylamide
a. Sludge dewatering: the corresponding grade of the cationic polyacrylamide can be selected according to the pollution property, and the gravity sludge dewatering can be effectively carried out before the sludge enters the filter pressing. During dehydration, the generated flocs are large, filter cloth is not stuck, the flocs do not flow away during filter pressing, the using amount is small, the dehydration efficiency is high, and the water content of a mud cake is below 80%;
b. and (3) treatment of sewage and organic wastewater: the cationic polyacrylamide has positive electric property in acid or alkaline medium, so that the flocculating precipitation and clarification of the sewage with negative charges of suspended particles in the sewage are very effective, such as the waste water of alcohol plants, the waste water of brewery, the waste water of monosodium glutamate plant, the waste water of sugar refinery, the waste water of meat and food plant, the waste water of beverage plant, the waste water of textile printing and dyeing plant, and the like.
The organic wastewater is mainly organic pollutant, and is easy to cause water eutrophication and has large harm. The organic waste water is generally 2000mg/L or more of waste water discharged from the aforementioned industries and the like.
When non-organic polluted municipal sewage is treated, a proper amount of polymeric ferric sulfate is added to enable the sewage to be acidic to a proper degree, after a period of time, a nonionic polyacrylamide solution is added to the acidic sewage to be treated, and a better sludge dewatering treatment effect can be achieved according to certain steps of operation.
The preparation method of the non-ionic polyacrylamide solution is as follows: the non-ionic polyacrylamide can not be directly added into sewage, and must be dissolved in water before use, and the water solution is used for treating sewage. Mechanical agitation is typically used in the preparation of the non-ionic flocculant solution. The mechanical stirring speed has a great influence on the solution preparation time, and too high stirring speed can cause the degradation of the nonionic flocculant solution, so that part of the nonionic flocculant long chains are broken, and the sedimentation effect is influenced, so that the mechanical stirring speed must be strictly controlled. The rotating speed in a stirring barrel with the diameter of 1M is not more than 800 RPM, the rotating speed in a stirring barrel with the diameter of 1.5-2M is not more than 600RPM, the temperature of the stirred solution is increased to reduce the dissolving time, but the water temperature is not more than 55 ℃ at most, otherwise, the degradation of the nonionic flocculant can be caused, and the using effect of the nonionic flocculant can be influenced by the factors.
The preparation method of the nonionic polyacrylamide solution in the invention is similar to the general method, but the preparation method is preferable in specific operation, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1. when in use, the water solution with the concentration of 0.1 percent is prepared, and the water which is neutral and does not contain salt impurities is preferably used;
2. When the polyacrylamide is dissolved, the nonionic polyacrylamide is uniformly scattered into stirred water, the company adopts the low-speed rotation speed of a stirrer, and the stirring speed is controlled to be 200 rpm;
3. adjusting the pH value of the sewage treated by the nonionic polyacrylamide solution according to the usage amount of the nonionic polyacrylamide solution to ensure that the nonionic polyacrylamide fully plays a role, and selecting the optimal pH value and the usage amount of the nonionic polyacrylamide through experiments, wherein the pH value regulated by the company is between 6 and 9, and is preferably 7;
4. when the non-ionic polyacrylamide solution is added, the mixing with the treated sewage is accelerated, and after the flocculate is produced, the stirring speed is slowed down so as to facilitate the growth of the flocculate and accelerate the sedimentation.
This operation is also concerned with the guarantee workman, requires in the use:
1. the operator still needs to wear the protective articles, and the skin is cleaned with water after contacting;
2. the use site is usually flushed with water to prevent slipping and injury;
3. the nonionic polyacrylamide is preferably stored in a sealed and cool and dry place.
In order to demonstrate the advantages of the treatment method of the present invention in the company, it is necessary to use characters to show the effect of the composite coagulation solid-liquid separation in the present specification, so as to show the effect of the sludge solid-liquid separation treatment using the method, wherein the composite coagulation dewatering agent A is polyferric sulfate and the composite coagulation dewatering agent B is nonionic polyacrylamide. The liquid is extremely high in transparency as seen from an actual shot picture, and the liquid part on the upper part of the beaker is intuitively in a stream-shaped transparent state, so that the sludge separation effect of the treatment method is good.
The result summarized in the production practice is that the treatment result of the invention is superior to the medicament of lime and ferric trichloride in environmental protection and superior to cationic polyacrylamide in non-toxicity. The invention is characterized in that:
(1) the agent used by the composite coagulation solid-liquid separation technology is a composite coagulation dehydrating agent, the using amount of the agent is less, the normal adding ratio is 7% -9% of the absolute dry sludge, and for sludge with too high organic matters, the adding ratio cannot exceed 15%. The conditioned agent is dissolved in water and discharged with the filtrate, and basically does not increase the produced sludge. Therefore, the sludge reduction is really realized, and is reduced by 20-30 percent compared with the sludge produced by the traditional chemical separation method;
(2) the pH value of the sewage prepared by using the composite coagulation dehydrating agent is 6-9, and the sewage is neutral, so that the requirement on corrosion resistance of operating equipment is not high, the influence on the operation of pipelines and equipment is slight, the abrasion of a mud inlet pump can be delayed, and the use cost of the equipment is reduced;
(3) the composite coagulation dehydrating agent can effectively reduce the odor of the sludge, thereby reducing the influence on surrounding residents caused by the odor and simultaneously reducing the labor intensity of staff. After the medicament is added, secondary pollution to the environment can not be caused, and toxic and harmful substances such as heavy metal and the like can not be generated;
(4) And because lime is not contained, the filter cloth is not easy to block, the cleaning time of the filter cloth can be prolonged, and the service life of the filter cloth can be prolonged. The mud cake is not sticky, and is easy to fall off in the filtering and slag discharging stage, so that the mud cake is easy to fall off;
(5) the water content of the produced mud cake is within 60 percent, and is generally about 55 percent;
(6) and the dehydration efficiency is high. Large-particle compact alumen ustum can be formed in a short time, the sludge dewatering difficulty is greatly reduced, and the dewatering efficiency of the plate-and-frame filter press is improved;
(7) the method is easy to carry out post treatment, and can be used for comprehensive utilization of building materials, brickyard, cement plant, fertilizer making and the like. If the incineration treatment is adopted, the sludge cake does not contain lime, the PH is neutral, and the calorific value reaches 2000 calories, so that the incinerator body cannot be damaged.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A sludge reduction and harmless treatment method for composite coagulation solid-liquid separation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
according to the characteristic that nonionic polyacrylamide is suitable for acidic wastewater, a polymeric ferric sulfate solution is artificially added into the urban domestic sewage to be treated to enable a water body to be acidic to a proper degree, and then the nonionic polyacrylamide solution is added and uniformly mixed to enable sludge in the sewage to be settled, so that the aim of completely separating solid from liquid is fulfilled;
in the method, the composite coagulation dehydration A agent polymeric ferric sulfate and the composite coagulation dehydration B agent nonionic polyacrylamide are prepared by respective specific methods and are sequentially used according to the property change condition of the sludge, and the operation steps are as follows:
firstly, adding a composite coagulation dehydration agent A into an alum dissolving tank according to the concentration of 10-30%, injecting tap water, stirring to fully hydrolyze, standing until the mixture is reddish brown liquid, diluting the mixture with water to the required concentration, adding the diluted mixture into sewage to be treated, treating the sewage, adsorbing and agglomerating mud molecules in the treated sewage, and quickly forming alum flocs;
secondly, dissolving the composite coagulation dehydration B agent in water, stirring by a stirrer at a rotating speed of about 200 RPM to prepare a non-ionic flocculant solution with the concentration of 0.1% -0.3%, wherein the water temperature is between 20 and 45 ℃, the sludge molecules are in a floating state after forming alum flocs, uniformly adding the composite coagulation dehydration B agent into the treated sewage, stirring the sewage by the stirrer at a rotating speed of about 400 RPM, performing high-efficiency coagulation on the sludge molecules forming the alum flocs to form large cohesive masses, and slowing down stirring speed after the flocs appear;
Thirdly, the clay molecules agglomerated together are naturally settled along with the increase of the self weight, and solid-liquid separation is carried out.
2. The method for sludge reduction and harmless treatment by composite coagulation solid-liquid separation as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that:
in the first step, the treated sewage is acidic to a suitable degree, and the pH value of the sewage is 4 at the best.
3. The method for sludge reduction and harmless treatment by composite coagulation solid-liquid separation as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that:
in the second step, the dosage of the non-ionic polyacrylamide can be adjusted to ensure that the pH value of the treated sewage is about 7.
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| US20100155337A1 (en) * | 2008-12-18 | 2010-06-24 | High Grade Technology Co., Ltd. | Process of treating sewage in ternary combination flooding |
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| WO1994002424A1 (en) * | 1992-07-21 | 1994-02-03 | Kemira Oy | Process for purifying sludge containing mainly water |
| US20100155337A1 (en) * | 2008-12-18 | 2010-06-24 | High Grade Technology Co., Ltd. | Process of treating sewage in ternary combination flooding |
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