CN114762504A - Liu Er Ling nematicide, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Liu Er Ling nematicide, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hexacollian-fungus nematicide, a preparation method and an application thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the steps of crushing hexacollian-fungus, and preparing the hexacollian-fungus extract nematicide soluble liquid and microemulsion through a certain processing process, and the hexacollian-fungus extract nematicide can be used for preventing and controlling Meloidogyne incognita (Kofold and White) Chitwood on crops such as tomatoes, pumpkins, cucumbers and the like, and can also be used for preventing and controlling Ditylenchus destructor on crops such as potatoes, sweet potatoes and the like. The preparation contains 10-30% of fructus Sibiricae extract and the balance of auxiliary agents. The nematicide of the invention not only has good nematicide effect, but also is safe to the environment, human beings, livestock, natural enemies of pests and other beneficial organisms. The nematicide has simple preparation process and low cost, and is suitable for popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of plants and application thereof, and particularly relates to a Liu Er Ling nematicide, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Meloidogyne incognita (Kofold & White) Chitwood, a Meloidogyne incognita, Heterodermaceae, Meloidogyne, is an important parasitic nematode, has a wide host range, and can harm hundreds of plants. When the root knot nematode disease is relatively light, the overground part of the plant does not change obviously, so the disease is not easy to be perceived, and when the disease is serious, the leaves of the plant become yellow and wilted, the plant is short and small, the fruit yield is reduced, the quality is reduced, and even the plant dies. Because of the characteristics of strong adaptability, strong fecundity, strong concealment, drug resistance and the like, the root-knot nematode is very difficult to control. According to data statistics, plant diseases caused by meloidogyne incognita each year can directly or indirectly cause about 500 billion economic losses of different industries all over the world, and are one of serious diseases and insect pests in production activities such as agriculture and gardening harming at present.
Ditylenchus destructor Thorne, belonging to order of Glaucales, family of granulomatology, genus Meloidogyne, is an important parasitic nematode, and its host plants are potato and sweet potato, but in China, sweet potato is the main hazard, and in the south and north potato areas, the occurrence of the nematode is common. The potato stem nematode only harms the underground part of the host, and the infected sweet potato tissue is rotten, dried, shriveled, cracked in the epidermis, and gradually blackened in the internal tissue, which usually accompanies the secondary infection of fungi, bacteria and mites. In recent years, the stem nematode disease is aggravated year by year, which causes serious threat to the production of sweet potatoes, and the disease becomes one of three serious diseases restricting the production of the sweet potatoes in China, the yield of general diseased field blocks is reduced by 20-50%, and serious disease field blocks are basically dead without harvest.
Fructus Aristolochiae (Blumea laciniata) is a herb of Blumea of Compositae. Liu Er Lin (B.laciniata) is distributed in provinces such as Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian and Taiwan. India, Plumbum, Centan, Pakistan, Srilanka, Myanmar, Central and south peninsula, Malaysia, Philippines, Indonesia, Pabuchannaian and Solomon islands and Hawaii are also distributed. The sea cucumber grows on farmland, grassland, hillside, river side and forest edge, and the elevation is 400-800 meters. The whole herb is pungent, bitter and warm, can dispel wind and remove dampness, and can dredge channels and collaterals, and can be used for treating rheumatalgia, headache, traumatic injury with swelling and pain, eczema, and venomous snake bite.
There are few reports on the effect of hexa-auricular bella (b.laciniata) and its metabolites on diseases, insects and weeds in agricultural production. In the last 90 th century, it was reported that hexa-bellied boll (B.lactia) has an antibacterial effect on Pseudomonas syringae (Srivastava, Ujwal & Jaiswal, oil. (1993) Morphogenetic effect of a jvenereal component from Blumea lacticata Roxb. on the above about of Dysdercus cingulatus Fab. journal of ecological research.17.309-312.), which is only a result measured in a laboratory, and has not been studied on the agricultural activity of its development system until now, has not been formed, and cannot be applied to agricultural production.
Disclosure of Invention
After the hexaauricular bellatus extract is found to have good poisoning activity on nematodes, the inventor concludes that the hexaauricular bellatus extract can be prepared into an effective nematicide, so that the invention aims to research a botanical nematicide with high nematicide effect, no pollution and low cost and a preparation method thereof by taking hexaauricular bellatus (B.lactiiata) as a raw material, and particularly relates to a hexaauricular bellatus nematicide, a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
use of the extract of Aristolochia debilis for preparing nematicide.
Optionally, the nematicide contains 10-30% of the six-eared bellflower extract by mass percentage.
Optionally, the preparation method of the six-eared bellflower extract comprises the following steps:
the six-eared bellflower extract is a concentrated solution which is obtained by crushing six-eared bellflower and then extracting the crushed six-eared bellflower by an organic solvent and is equivalent to 1kg of dry powder/kg;
the organic solvent extraction method is an ultrasonic extraction method, the extraction temperature is 30 ℃, the extraction time is 0.5-1 hour, and the mass ratio of the hexagonus to the organic solvent is 1 (5-10).
The nematicide takes a liurus extract as a main component, and the mass percentage content of the liurus extract is 10-30%.
Optionally, the extract of the six-eared bellflower is a concentrated solution obtained by crushing the six-eared bellflower and extracting the crushed six-eared bellflower by using an organic solvent, wherein the concentration of the concentrated solution is 1kg of dry powder/kg.
Optionally, the organic solvent extraction method is an ultrasonic extraction method, the extraction temperature is 30 ℃, the extraction time is 0.5-1 hour, and the mass ratio of the crushed substances of the six-eared bellflower stem to the organic solvent is 1 (5-10).
Optionally, the particle size of the crushed Liu Er Ling is 1-5 mm; the organic solvent is methanol.
Optionally, the nematicide is in the form of a soluble liquid agent, and the auxiliary agent of the soluble liquid agent comprises:
organic solvent: 0-30%, surfactant: 5% -30%, antifreeze: 4 to 10 percent of water, and the balance of water, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the main component and the auxiliary agent is 100 percent;
the organic solvent is one or a mixture of more of ethyl acetate, cyclohexanone, methyl oleate, ethanol, methanol, isopropanol and dimethylformamide;
the surfactant is one or a mixture of a plurality of alkyl benzene sulfonate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether polyoxypropylene ether and similar substances thereof, addition product of castor oil and ethylene oxide and aralkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde condensation compound;
the antifreezing agent is ethylene glycol or glycerol.
Optionally, the nematicide is in the form of a microemulsion, and the auxiliary agents of the microemulsion comprise:
organic solvent: 0-30%, surfactant: 5% -20%, antifreeze: 5-10 percent of water, and the balance of water, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the main component and the auxiliary agent is 100 percent;
the organic solvent is one or a mixture of more of ethyl acetate, cyclohexanone, methyl oleate, ethanol, methanol, isopropanol and dimethylformamide;
the surfactant is one or a mixture of a plurality of alkyl benzene sulfonate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether polyoxypropylene ether and similar substances thereof, addition product of castor oil and ethylene oxide and aralkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde condensation compound;
the antifreezing agent is ethylene glycol or glycerol.
The preparation method of the Liu Er Ling nematicide comprises the following steps:
A. crushing the six-eared bells into coarse crushed materials with the particle size of 1-5 mm;
B. b, leaching the coarse crushed material obtained in the step A by using methanol, wherein the mass ratio of the coarse crushed material to the methanol is 1 (5-10), the extraction mode is an ultrasonic extraction method, the extraction temperature is 30 ℃, the extraction time is 0.5-1 hour, the extraction is repeated for three times, and the extract is concentrated in vacuum to be equivalent to 1kg of dry powder/kg of concentrated solution;
C. and C, mixing the concentrated solution obtained in the step B with an auxiliary agent according to the formula amount to obtain the nematicide with various dosage forms.
The hexaconazole extract nematicide prepared by the invention has the following advantages:
the nematicidal activity is obvious, and the nematicidal activity can be used for preventing and controlling M.incognita of meloidogyne incognita on crops such as tomatoes, pumpkins, cucumbers and the like, and can also be used for preventing and controlling D.destructor of potato stem nematodes on crops such as potatoes, sweet potatoes and the like. Is safe to human, livestock, natural enemies of pests and other beneficial organisms, and has good environmental compatibility. The biogenic pesticide has no residual toxicity after being used. The preparation method is simple, low in cost and suitable for popularization and application.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The plant source nematicide of the invention takes the hexaflumuron extract as an active substance, and is added with a certain proportion of auxiliary agents for formulation processing, so as to prepare environment-friendly preparations of microemulsion and soluble liquid. The tests of the inventor prove that the 20 percent of the hexaflumuron extract microemulsion and the 20 percent of the hexaflumuron extract soluble liquid have good control effect on the meloidogyne incognita and the meloidogyne potato. The hexapetala thunb extract is extracted by adopting an ultrasonic solvent, the ultrasonic frequency is the ultrasonic frequency commonly used in the field of plant extraction, the change of the ultrasonic frequency does not influence the components of the extract, and the raw materials or the auxiliary agents used in the invention are all commercially available varieties. The six-eared bellflower used in the invention is a herbaceous plant, and the whole grass of the six-eared bellflower is used during extraction.
Use of the extract of Aristolochia debilis for preparing nematicide. The nematicide contains 10-30 mass percent of the six-eared bellflower extract. The preparation method of the six-eared bellflower extract comprises the following steps: the extract of the six earrings is a concentrated solution which is obtained by crushing the six earrings and then extracting the crushed six earrings by an organic solvent and is equivalent to 1kg of dry powder/kg; the organic solvent extraction method is an ultrasonic extraction method, the extraction temperature is 30 ℃, the extraction time is 0.5-1 hour, and the mass ratio of the hexagonus to the organic solvent is 1 (5-10). The particle size of the crushed six earrings is 1-5 mm; the organic solvent is methanol.
The nematicide takes a liurus extract as a main component, and the mass percentage content of the liurus extract is 10-30%.
The nematicide is in a form of a soluble liquid agent, and the auxiliary agent of the soluble liquid agent comprises:
organic solvent: 0-30%, surfactant: 5% -30%, antifreeze: 4-10 percent of water, and the balance of water, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the main component and the auxiliary agent is 100 percent; the organic solvent is one or a mixture of more of ethyl acetate, cyclohexanone, methyl oleate, ethanol, methanol, isopropanol and dimethylformamide; the surfactant is one or more of alkyl benzene sulfonate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether polyoxypropylene ether and similar substances, addition product of castor oil and ethylene oxide and aralkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde condensation compound; the antifreezing agent is ethylene glycol or glycerol.
The nematicide is in the form of microemulsion, and the auxiliary agents of the microemulsion comprise: organic solvent: 0-30%, surfactant: 5% -20%, antifreeze: 5-10 percent of water, and the balance of water, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the main component and the auxiliary agent is 100 percent;
the preparation method of the Liu Er Ling nematicide comprises the following steps: A. crushing the six-eared bells into coarse crushed materials with the particle size of 1-5 mm; B. b, leaching the coarse crushed material obtained in the step A by using methanol, wherein the mass ratio of the coarse crushed material to the methanol is 1 (5-10), the extraction mode is an ultrasonic extraction method, the extraction temperature is 30 ℃, the extraction time is 0.5-1 hour, the extraction is repeated for three times, and the extract is concentrated in vacuum to be equivalent to 1kg of dry powder/kg of concentrated solution; C. and C, mixing the concentrated solution obtained in the step B with an auxiliary agent according to the formula amount to obtain the nematicide with various dosage forms.
For better understanding of the essence of the invention, the following examples are given to illustrate the technical contents of the invention, but the invention is not limited to these examples.
The extraction method of the methanol extract of the six-eared bellflower comprises the following steps:
A. crushing the hexa-earleaf bells into coarse crushed materials with the thickness of 1-5 mm by using a plant crusher.
B. And D, leaching the coarse crushed material obtained in the step A by using methanol (the mass ratio of the coarse crushed material to the methanol is 1: 5-1: 10), wherein the extraction mode is ultrasonic extraction, the extraction temperature is 30 ℃, the extraction time is 0.5-1 hour, and the extract is concentrated in vacuum to be equivalent to 1kg of dry powder/kg of concentrated solution.
The hexalobus concentrate used in the following examples is a methanol hexalobus extract, corresponding to 1kg dry powder/kg concentrate.
Method and results of indoor bioassay of nematodes by methanol extract of hexaconazole
The method comprises selecting healthy and uniform-sized nematodes as test nematodes, and determining the poisoning activity of the extract. The assay was performed in 24 well cell culture plates, starting with the same volume (V)1) Injecting the nematode suspension liquid with a constant volume into the sample hole, and calculating according to the test concentration (according to the formula (3))]Sterile water (V) to be supplemented2) Finally, the corresponding amount of mother liquor (V) of the medicament is added3) Mixing, placing in 25 deg.C incubator, repeating every treatment for 3 times, repeating every time50-100 nematodes, treated with methanol as control. And (5) 24h and 48h after treatment, respectively checking the death and survival condition of the nematodes after each treatment, and respectively calculating the mortality rate of the nematodes according to the formula (1) and the corrected mortality rate of the nematodes according to the formula (2).
Observing under a microscope, recording that the nematode is living when the nematode swims and the nematode is S-shaped, recording that the nematode is living when the nematode is straight-line-shaped and half-moon-shaped, touching the nematode by using eyelashes constantly, recording that the nematode which obviously changes the shape after being touched is living, and recording that the nematode is dead when the nematode is not touched.
(Note: volume V of nematode suspension V1+ sterile water supply volume V2+ volume of mother liquid of medicine V3N is preset in the test; to ensure consistency in the number of nematodes treated, V1Also fixed, e.g. V1＝100μL，N0It is known that V is fixed, from which V of different treatments can be derived, typically V ═ 400 μ L2，V3)。
The poisoning activity of the six-ear-bell extract on the nematodes is measured by a liquid medicine soaking method, and a toxicity curve is drawn, and the results are shown in tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 1 poisoning effect of methanol extract of hexacosanthes-nulata on 2 nematodes
TABLE 2 toxicity curves of Liu Er Ling methanol extract on nematicidal Activity
As can be seen from the above table, the methanol extract from Heliothis virescens has strong poisoning activity against Meloidogyne incognita and Meloidogyne incognita, and the 48h corrected mortality rate of 200mg DW/mL treated Meloidogyne incognita is about 80%; when the meloidogyne incognita is treated by 200mgDW/mL, the corrected mortality rate in 48 hours reaches over 90 percent. 24h and 48h LC of potato stem nematode5073.885 and 74.337mgDW/mL respectively; meloidogyne incognita (Meloidogyne incognita) 24h and 48h LC5075.761 and 45.498mgDW/mL, respectively.
Example preparation of 120% microemulsion of the extract of Helianthus annuus
Weighing 20kg of hexa-aural decoction, dissolving the hexa-aural decoction in 30kg of methanol, adding 15kg of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 5kg of polyoxyethylene styrene ether and 5kg of glycol, mixing under high-speed stirring, and heating to about 40 ℃; dropwise adding 25kg of deionized water under high-speed stirring, and controlling the dropwise adding speed of the water to keep the temperature at about 40 ℃; after the water is added dropwise, the temperature is raised to 50 ℃, and the mixture is stirred for 1 hour, so that 100kg of 20 percent serissa serissoide extract microemulsion is prepared. The stability, appearance and the like of the preparation meet the requirements of commercial preparations.
Example preparation of 220% soluble liquid preparation of extract of Saxifraga stolonifera
Weighing 20kg of hexaflumuron concentrate, dissolving the hexaflumuron concentrate in 30kg of methanol, adding 15kg of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 4kg of ethylene glycol, 0.3kg of polyvinyl alcohol and deionized water to the mixture to be 100kg under stirring, uniformly mixing, and stirring at the stirring speed of 800-1000 revolutions per minute for 10-30 minutes to obtain 100kg of the hexaflumuron extract soluble liquid. The stability, appearance and the like of the preparation meet the requirements of commercial preparations.
Example 3 examples 1-2 field control of Meloidogyne incognita by Lindletree extract formulations
1. Reagent for testing
Microemulsion of the extract of Aeschynomenium giganteum, example 1
Soluble liquid agent of extract of six earrings, example 2 soluble liquid agent of extract of six earrings
41.7% Fluopyram suspension concentrate (Beijing division, Bayer crop science (China) Co., Ltd.)
2. Test article
Tomato, variety "fine hair powder 802"
3. Control object
Meloidogyne incognita (Meloidogyne incognita)
4. Selection and treatment of test plots
4.1 selection of test plots
The test is carried out in greenhouse vegetable bases in village of populus in the region of shanxi, tomatoes are planted in previous crops, southern root-knot nematodes are uniformly and singly and seriously generated, other diseases and insect pests are slight, sandy soil is good, soil texture is light, nutrient content is high, and normal fertilizer and water management is realized.
4.2 test treatment and cell design
The test agent is the microemulsion of the six earrings extract 100X, 300X, 500X; hexa-bella extract solubles 100 ×, 300 ×, 500 ×; 41.7% Fluopyram suspension 1500 × and blank control (clear water) for a total of eight treatments. The test cells are arranged in random blocks, and the area of each cell is 25m2Repeat 3 times.
4.3 methods of application
Irrigating each cell before treatment, ensuring that the water content of the soil reaches 60% -70% of the saturated water holding capacity, carrying out rotary tillage on the soil before pesticide application, carrying out rotary tillage with the depth of a soil layer being 20-30 cm, uniformly spreading the pesticide according to the designed dosage on the surface of the soil, carrying out rotary tillage again, and transplanting the tomatoes after fully and uniformly mixing the pesticide and the soil. The 41.7 percent fluopyram suspending agent is treated by 1500 times and clear water respectively to serve as a medicament control and a blank control, and the water and fertilizer are the same and are managed normally. During the test period, the temperature in the greenhouse is low, the maximum temperature is 30 ℃, and the minimum temperature is 20 ℃. Two months later, sampling and investigation.
4.4 methods of investigation
Random sampling is adopted, 5 points are taken for each cell, 5 plants are taken for each point, the root node number of each tomato plant is checked according to the following standard, and grading is recorded. The classification method is shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 root knot grading Standard
The control effect is calculated according to the following formula:
root knot index (%) { Σ [ (number of diseased plants × corresponding grade value) ]/total number of plants × 9} × 100;
control effect (%) [ (root knot index of control area-root knot index of agent-treated area)/root knot index of control area ] × 100.
5. Test results and statistics
The control effect of the 20% of the hexaflumuron extract microemulsion and the 20% of the hexaflumuron extract soluble liquid on the meloidogyne incognita was measured, and the results are shown in table 4.
TABLE 42 nematicidal effect of Liu Er Ling extract on Meloidogyne incognita
Note: the data in the table are the average of 3 replicates; in the column "control effect", the same letter after the same column of numerical values means that the difference at α ═ 0.05 level is not significant (DMRT method). (the same below)
As can be seen from Table 4, the control effect of 2 Liu Er Ling extract preparations on Meloidogyne incognita has no obvious difference from the control medicament, and the control effect of 20% Liu Er Ling extract soluble liquid 100 times diluted solution, 300 times diluted solution and 20% Liu Er Ling extract microemulsion 100 times diluted solution is over 80%. From the economic and environmental aspects, the 2 above preparations of the six-eared bellflower extract are recommended to be used for preventing and controlling meloidogyne incognita.
Example 4 examples 1-2 field control of Heliothis virescens extract against nematodes
1. Reagent for testing
Microemulsion of the extract of Helianthus annuus, the microemulsion of the extract of Helianthus annuus in example 1
Soluble liquid agent of extract of six earrings, example 2 soluble liquid agent of extract of six earrings
1.8% avermectin emulsifiable concentrate (Jiangsu Suling pesticide chemical company Limited)
2. Test article
The potato is purple flower white "
3. Control object
Potato Stem nematode (Ditylenchus destructor)
4. Selection and treatment of test plots
4.1 selection of test plots
The test is carried out in a greenhouse in a modern agricultural park of Dali in Weinan, Shanxi province, representative potato plots with diseases are selected as test lands, potatoes are planted in previous crops, the occurrence of potato stem nematodes is uniform, single and serious, other diseases and insect pests are slight, sandy soil is good, the soil texture is light, the nutrient content is high, and normal fertilizer and water management is realized.
4.2 test treatment and cell design
The test agents were the six earring extract microemulsions 100 x, 300 x, 500 x; liu Er Ling extract solubles 100X, 300X, 500X; 1000 times of 1.8 percent abamectin emulsifiable solution and a blank control (clear water) are treated by eight kinds of treatment. The test cells are arranged in random blocks, and the area of each cell is 25m2Repeat 3 times.
4.3 methods of application
Irrigating each cell before treatment, ensuring that the water content of the soil reaches 60% -70% of the saturated water holding capacity, carrying out rotary tillage on the soil before pesticide application, carrying out rotary tillage with the depth of a soil layer being 20-30 cm, uniformly spreading the pesticide on the surface of the soil according to the designed dosage, carrying out rotary tillage again, and carrying out field planting after the pesticide and the soil are fully and uniformly mixed. 1000 times of 1.8 percent of abamectin missible oil and clear water treatment are respectively used as a medicament contrast and a blank contrast, and the water and fertilizer management is the same and normal. During the test period, the temperature in the greenhouse is low, the maximum temperature is 30 ℃, and the minimum temperature is 20 ℃. Samples were taken after 45 days for investigation.
4.4 methods of investigation
Sampling by adopting a Z-shaped sampling method, wherein 5 sampling points are taken in each area, the sampling depth is 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm, and the diameter of an earth auger is 2.5 cm. Taking 200ml of soil each time, separating nematodes by a tray method, killing the nematodes by warm water at 60 ℃, fixing the nematodes by formaldehyde, and calculating the population reduction rate.
In the potato block harvesting period, 5-point sampling is carried out on each cell of a test area, 10 potato blocks are taken at each point, transverse cutting is carried out block by block, and grading is carried out according to the incidence degree of the transverse cutting surface:
level 0: no symptoms (no chaff and cracks);
level 1: the disease area accounts for less than 25% of the cross section;
and 2, stage: the disease area accounts for 25 to 50 percent of the cross section;
and 3, level: the disease incidence area accounts for 50 to 75 percent of the cross section;
and 4, stage 4: the disease area accounts for more than 75% of the cross section.
Recording the number of each level of potato blocks, and calculating disease index, morbidity and prevention and treatment effect. The calculation formula is as follows:
the reduction rate of the population of insects is (number of insects before treatment-number of insects after treatment)/number of insects before treatment multiplied by 100%;
the disease index [ Σ (disease level numerical value × number of potato blocks at corresponding level) ]/(investigation total number of potato blocks × highest disease level value) × 100;
the prevention and treatment effect is (disease index of the control area-the number of diseases of the treatment area)/disease index of the control area multiplied by 100%;
5. test results and statistics
The control effect of the microemulsion containing 20% of the serissa serissoides extract and the soluble liquid containing 20% of the serissa serissoides extract on the meloidogyne potato is measured, and the results are shown in table 5:
control effect of Liu Er Ling extract nematicide on potato stem nematodes
As can be seen from table 5, the control effect of 2 allium hexandrum extract preparations on the potato stem nematode is not significantly different from that of the control medicament, and the control effect of 20% of 100-fold diluent of allium hexandrum extract soluble liquid and 20% of 100-fold diluent of allium hexandrum extract microemulsion is 80%. The 2 preparations of the six-eared-bell extract can reduce the population density of the potato stem nematodes in soil, and the insect population reduction rate of the 20 percent of the 100-fold diluent of the six-eared-bell extract soluble liquid and the 20 percent of the 100-fold diluent of the six-eared-bell extract microemulsion exceeds 70 percent. Therefore, the use of the 2 above preparations of the extract of Heliothis virescens is recommended for the control of nematodes.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea scope of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. Use of the extract of Aristolochia debilis for preparing nematicide.
2. The use according to claim 1, wherein the nematicide comprises 10 to 30 mass percent of the extract of arundina graminifolia.
3. The use as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the preparation method of the extract of six earrings comprises:
the six-eared bellflower extract is a concentrated solution which is obtained by crushing six-eared bellflower and then extracting the crushed six-eared bellflower by an organic solvent and is equivalent to 1kg of dry powder/kg;
the organic solvent extraction method is an ultrasonic extraction method, the extraction temperature is 30 ℃, the extraction time is 0.5-1 hour, and the mass ratio of the Liu Er Ling to the organic solvent is 1 (5-10).
4. The nematicide is characterized in that the nematicide takes a liurus extract as a main component, and the mass percentage content of the liurus extract is 10-30%.
5. The hexagonus chime nematicide according to claim 4, wherein the hexagonus chime extract is a concentrated solution obtained by pulverizing hexagonus chime and extracting with an organic solvent, and the amount of the concentrated solution is 1kg of dry powder/kg.
6. The hexa-aural boll nematicide according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the organic solvent extraction method is an ultrasonic extraction method, the extraction temperature is 30 ℃, the extraction time is 0.5-1 hour, and the mass ratio of the hexa-aural boll stem fragments to the organic solvent is 1 (5-10).
7. The hexa-aural boll nematicide according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the particle size of the crushed hexa-aural boll is 1-5 mm; the organic solvent is methanol.
8. The hexa-aural nematicide according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the nematicide is in the form of a soluble liquid formulation, and the adjuvant of the soluble liquid formulation comprises:
organic solvent: 0-30%, surfactant: 5% -30%, antifreeze: 4 to 10 percent of water, and the balance of water, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the main component and the auxiliary agent is 100 percent;
the organic solvent is one or a mixture of more of ethyl acetate, cyclohexanone, methyl oleate, ethanol, methanol, isopropanol and dimethylformamide;
the surfactant is one or a mixture of a plurality of alkyl benzene sulfonate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether polyoxypropylene ether and similar substances thereof, addition product of castor oil and ethylene oxide and aralkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde condensation compound;
the antifreezing agent is ethylene glycol or glycerol.
9. The hexa-aural nematicide according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the nematicide is in the form of a microemulsion, and the adjuvant of the microemulsion comprises:
organic solvent: 0-30%, surfactant: 5% -20%, antifreeze: 5-10 percent of water, and the balance of water, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the main component and the auxiliary agent is 100 percent;
the organic solvent is one or a mixture of more of ethyl acetate, cyclohexanone, methyl oleate, ethanol, methanol, isopropanol and dimethylformamide;
the surfactant is one or a mixture of a plurality of alkyl benzene sulfonate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether polyoxypropylene ether and similar substances thereof, an addition product of castor oil and ethylene oxide and an aralkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde condensation product;
the antifreezing agent is ethylene glycol or glycerol.
10. The process for preparing a hexa-aural nematicide according to any one of claims 4 to 9, which comprises:
A. crushing the six-eared bells into coarse crushed materials with the particle size of 1-5 mm;
B. b, leaching the coarse crushed material obtained in the step A by using methanol, wherein the mass ratio of the coarse crushed material to the methanol is 1 (5-10), the extraction mode is an ultrasonic extraction method, the extraction temperature is 30 ℃, the extraction time is 0.5-1 hour, the extraction is repeated for three times, and the extract is concentrated in vacuum to be equivalent to 1kg of dry powder/kg of concentrated solution;
C. and C, mixing the concentrated solution obtained in the step B with an auxiliary agent according to the formula amount to obtain the nematicide with various dosage forms.
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Application publication date: 20220719 |