CN114758569B - Knee joint model capable of demonstrating pressure change in knee joint cavity in KOAPT movement - Google Patents
Knee joint model capable of demonstrating pressure change in knee joint cavity in KOAPT movement Download PDFInfo
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- CN114758569B CN114758569B CN202210398664.2A CN202210398664A CN114758569B CN 114758569 B CN114758569 B CN 114758569B CN 202210398664 A CN202210398664 A CN 202210398664A CN 114758569 B CN114758569 B CN 114758569B
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
- G09B23/30—Anatomical models
- G09B23/32—Anatomical models with moving parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
- G09B23/30—Anatomical models
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Abstract
The invention discloses a knee joint model capable of demonstrating KOAPT intra-cavity pressure changes in knee joints during movement. The model comprises a femur structure and a tibia structure, wherein the femur structure comprises an upper femur structure and a lower femur structure which are connected in an up-down sealing way, and a communicating pipe is embedded in the femur structure; the tibia structure comprises an upper tibia structure and a lower tibia structure which are connected in an up-down sealing way; a cylindrical elastic film which is used for simulating a knee joint sliding film and is provided with openings at two ends is arranged between the lower femur structure and the upper tibia structure in a sealing manner, so that a knee joint cavity with complete sealing is formed inside the elastic film; artificial synovial fluid is injected into the communicating pipe to the inside of the knee joint cavity, the femur structure is swung, knee pain movement is demonstrated, and pressure change in the knee joint cavity is detected through a pressure gauge connected with the top end of the communicating pipe. The invention fills the blank that the knee joint cavity and synovial fluid are not simulated in various knee joint models, and clearly and intuitively demonstrates the pressure change in the joint cavity when the knee pain is induced to move.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of demonstrable medical models, and particularly relates to a model capable of demonstrating pressure change in knee joint cavities in KOAPT movements.
Background
Knee osteoarthritis (knee osteoarthritis, KOA), a disease with degenerative changes of knee cartilage as the core, often involving bone mass and including synovial membrane, joint capsule and other structures of the joint, is an all-round, multi-layered, different degree of sterility, chronic, progressive affliction of the joint. With the increasing aging of the population in modern society, the incidence of KOA tends to increase year by year. According to epidemiological investigation in China, the KOA prevalence rate of 60-75 years old people is 50%, and the prevalence rate of people over 75 years old is up to 80%. KOA patients often suffer disability due to limited walking activities, and the final disability rate reaches 53%. Pain, which is the most prominent symptom of KOA, has become one of the main sources of disease burden in the skeletal muscle system, and long-term pain tends to produce bad emotion, which seriously affects the therapeutic effect.
Various advantages and disadvantages exist in the current treatment schemes. For example: the artificial joint replacement surgery treatment has quick response, but the subjective discomfort of knee joints of patients often occurs after the surgery, and the senile osteoporosis is extremely easy to cause fracture around the prosthesis, so that the problem of difficult recovery exists after the surgery; knee arthroscopy treatment, which has small wound and is easy to recover, but has the possibility of re-aggravation of the illness state in the later period; the intra-articular injection of sodium hyaluronate in non-operative treatment is often an adjuvant treatment regimen, which can relieve symptoms and slow down the development of diseases by improving the intra-articular environment of the knee in a very short time, has good treatment effect in the early stage, but has reduced curative effect with the gradual development of diseases; although some curative effects are achieved by injecting PRP into joint cavities to treat KOA, more potential problems still exist: 1. the indications are not yet clear; 2. factors that have protective effects on chondrocytes in PRP are not yet known; 3. the PRP preparation standard, the injection times, the injection dosage, the interval time and the evaluation indexes still have great differences, and no unified standard exists yet; 4. the follow-up time of most clinical researches is short, and the long-term curative effect is still unclear; 5. the efficacy of PRP tends to decrease with time, and after PRP is injected for more than 6-9 months, the effects of relieving pain and improving functions begin to decrease, and after 24 months, the efficacy further decreases; 6. adverse reactions in long-term use are not clear. Therefore, none of the current treatments is able to cure KOA disease completely.
The latest research "induced knee pain" is a guiding scheme given specifically for knee joint pain, wherein the principle is as follows: the knee joint is provided with a plurality of tendon and ligament attachment points around, the other end of the attachment points is just above the hip pelvis, and the swing hip joint pulls the tendon and ligament around the knee joint, so that the flow of knee joint synovial fluid is increased, the regeneration of cartilage is enhanced, the function of the knee joint is improved as a whole, and pain is relieved.
Researchers of the invention have been working on the research of KOA diagnosis and treatment methods for a long time, and proposed KKOA ladder therapy (Kill Knee Osteoarthritis, KKOA) based on K-L grading and KOAPT modern standard leg throwing therapy (Knee Osteoarthritis Pendulum Therapy, KOAPT) for specific disease stages; the general and specific relationships between KOAPT and knee pain are: KOAPT and knee pain are achieved by throwing legs to treat KOA; whereas, KOAPT is described with respect to a rough treatment of knee pain, KOAPT is a more accurate, more normative continuous rehabilitation treatment that specifically pushes the method of treating KOA with a leg slinging from the painful symptoms of the KOA patient combined with the symptoms of periknee muscle weakness to the correction of the pathological basis of KOA. KOAPT can cause the pressure in the knee joint cavity to be reduced, thereby promoting the blood circulation in the knee joint cavity, the joint synovial fluid circulation and the metabolism enhancement of the related tissues inside and outside the joint cavity, simultaneously, the muscle force of the extensor group around the legs is exercised in an undesireable and efficient way, and the sensitivity of the body receptors of the lower limbs is greatly improved.
Through further intensive researches of the inventor, the inventor finds that the knee pain motion can cause the pressure in the knee joint cavity to be further reduced, so that the blood circulation in the knee joint cavity, the joint synovial fluid circulation and the metabolism of tissues inside and outside the joint cavity are promoted, the function of the knee joint is improved as a whole, and the pain is relieved. The first world of this scientific discovery, the inventor of the present invention, was now the first to issue in the journal of medicine, pilot and Feasibility Studies, uk.
To evidence this scientific discovery, the inventors conducted a number of animal experiments, each of which demonstrated: when people do knee pain exercise, the pressure in the knee joint cavity can be reduced, the pressure in the knee joint cavity is kept relatively stable when the exercise frequency is unchanged, and if the exercise frequency is increased, the pressure in the knee joint cavity can be further reduced.
At present, in all the existing knee joint models, the knee joint cavity and synovial fluid are not simulated, and the existing knee joint models cannot be used for demonstrating the pressure change in the knee joint cavity during knee pain motion.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a model capable of demonstrating pressure change in a knee joint cavity in KOAPT movement, and can clearly and intuitively demonstrate pressure change in the knee joint cavity in KOAPT movement.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a knee joint model capable of demonstrating pressure change in knee joint cavity during KOAPT movements, comprising a femur structure and a tibia structure, which is characterized in that: the femur structure comprises an upper femur structure and a lower femur structure which are connected in an up-down sealing way, and a communicating pipe with the bottom end flush with the bottom end of the lower femur structure and the top end penetrating out of the top end of the upper femur structure is embedded in the femur structure; the tibia structure comprises an upper tibia structure and a lower tibia structure which are connected in an up-down sealing way; a cylindrical elastic film which is used for simulating a knee joint sliding film and is provided with openings at two ends is arranged between the lower femur structure and the upper tibia structure in a sealing manner, so that a knee joint cavity with complete sealing is formed inside the elastic film; artificial synovial fluid is injected into the communicating pipe to the inside of the knee joint cavity, the femur structure is swung, knee pain movement is demonstrated, and pressure change in the knee joint cavity is detected through a pressure gauge connected with the top end of the communicating pipe.
Further, the bottom end of the upper femur structure is provided with a first concave screw cap, the top end of the lower femur structure is provided with a first convex screw unit matched with the first screw cap, and the upper opening end of the elastic film is stuck and sleeved around the first screw unit, so that the lower femur structure is in sealing connection with the upper femur structure, and the upper opening end of the elastic film is in sealing connection with the lower femur structure; the upper tibia structure bottom is provided with a downward convex second thread unit, the top end of the lower tibia structure is provided with a inward concave second thread cover, and the lower opening end of the elastic film is adhered and sleeved around the second thread unit, so that the upper tibia structure is in sealing connection with the lower tibia structure, and the lower opening end of the elastic film is in sealing connection with the upper tibia structure.
Still further, upper femur structure upper portion is equipped with the fixed establishment who is used for connecting the swing arm, fixed establishment is including burying in upper femur structure inside, be the draw-in groove that vertical direction arranged, the draw-in groove left and right sides is equipped with the pin that is used for chucking, fixed swing arm.
Still further, lower femur structure bottom is provided with indent formula sealing area, sealing area intussuseption is filled with the sealant, communicating pipe bottom runs through to the sealant bottom.
Further, the sealant is oily glue or glass glue.
Further, a tibial plateau is arranged at the upper end of the upper tibial structure, and a meniscus is arranged on the tibial plateau.
Still further, a cavity for filling a weight is provided within the lower tibial structure.
Further, the elastic film is one or any combination of latex, rubber, polyurethane and polyvinyl chloride.
Further, the communicating pipe is a transparent hose.
Further, the artificial synovial fluid is a mixed aqueous solution of hyaluronic acid and protein.
Further, the outside of the model also comprises ligaments including a patellar ligament and a medial collateral ligament fixed between the upper femur structure and the lower tibia structure, and an anterior cruciate ligament and a posterior cruciate ligament fixed between the lower femur structure and the upper tibia structure; the patellar ligament and the medial collateral ligament are fixed through a first ligament fixing screw hole formed in the peripheral wall of the upper femur structure, a fourth ligament fixing screw hole formed in the peripheral wall of the lower tibia structure and a screw; the anterior cruciate ligament and the posterior cruciate ligament are fixed through a second ligament fixing screw hole arranged on the peripheral wall of the lower femur structure, a third ligament fixing screw hole arranged on the peripheral wall of the upper tibia structure and screws.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. The upper opening end and the lower opening end of the cylindrical elastic film are respectively stuck and sleeved on the periphery of a threaded unit of a lower femur structure and the periphery of a threaded unit of an upper tibia structure, then the lower femur structure is screwed into a threaded cover of the upper femur structure, and the upper tibia structure is screwed into the threaded cover of the lower tibia structure, so that a knee joint cavity for simulating a knee joint synovium can be formed; when demonstrating knee pain movement, the elastic film with elasticity expands to a certain extent, so that the pressure in the knee joint cavity is reduced; when the knee pain is stopped, the elastic film with elasticity is restored to the original volume immediately, and the pressure in the knee joint cavity is restored to the original value immediately;
2. The invention embeds a communicating pipe with the bottom end flush with the bottom end of the femur structure and the top end penetrating out of the top end of the femur structure in the femur structure, and the bottom end of the femur structure is provided with a sealing area filled with sealant for sealing the knee joint cavity, and the artificial synovial fluid is injected into the knee joint cavity by the communicating pipe to truly simulate the synovial fluid in the knee joint cavity when the knee pain is induced to move; simultaneously, the pressure change in the knee joint cavity is accurately monitored by a pressure gauge connected to the outer end of the communicating pipe;
3. The upper part of the upper femur structure is provided with the fixing mechanism for connecting the swing arm, and the swing motor drives the swing arm to further drive the knee joint model to do swing motion so as to simulate knee pain motion;
4. according to the knee joint pain relieving device, the weight is filled in the lower tibia structure, so that knee joint pain relieving movement is simulated more realistically, and the pressure change in the knee joint cavity is demonstrated more accurately;
5. the knee joint model is provided with the patellar ligament, the medial collateral ligament, the anterior cruciate ligament and the posterior cruciate ligament outside the knee joint model, so that the knee joint model is more similar to a real knee joint;
The knee joint model capable of demonstrating KOAPT intra-cavity pressure changes in the knee joint in motion not only comprises a femur structure and a tibia structure, but also comprises a knee joint cavity and artificial synovial fluid injected into the knee joint cavity, fills up the blank that the knee joint cavity and the synovial fluid are not simulated in various knee joint models, clearly and intuitively demonstrates the intra-cavity pressure changes in the knee joint when the knee joint is induced to move, has simple operation and is clear at a glance, and can enable people to realize that the knee joint is induced to move and can cause the intra-cavity pressure to drop, and enable people to understand the principle more easily.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic elevational view of a knee model of the present invention demonstrating KOAPT intra-luminal pressure changes in the knee joint during exercise (with no ligaments added);
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a knee model of the present invention demonstrating KOAPT intra-luminal pressure changes in the knee joint during exercise (with no ligaments added);
FIG. 3 is a schematic elevational view of the ligament of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the ligament of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the femoral component of FIG. 1 in a disassembled configuration;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a disassembled structure of the tibial construct of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the lower femoral structure of FIG. 6 in a disassembled configuration;
In the figure: the femoral structure 1, the tibial structure 2, the elastic membrane 3, the knee joint cavity 4, the communicating pipe 5, the filling weight 6, the swing arm 7, the ligament 8, the meniscus 9 and the swing motor 10;
The femoral structure 1 includes: an upper femur structure 1-1, a lower femur structure 1-2;
The upper femoral structure 1-1 includes: the fixing mechanism 1-11, the first thread cover 1-12 and the first ligament fixing screw hole 1-13;
The fixing mechanism 1-11 includes: clamping grooves 1-111 and pins 1-112;
the lower femoral structure 1-2 includes: the sealing area 1-21, the first thread unit 1-22 and the second ligament fixation screw hole 1-23;
the tibial structure 2 comprises: an upper tibia structure 2-1 and a lower tibia structure 2-2;
The upper tibial structure 2-1 includes: 2-11 parts of a tibia platform, 2-12 parts of a second thread unit and 2-13 parts of a third ligament fixation screw hole;
the lower tibial structure 2-2 includes: the cavity 2-21, the second screw cap 2-22 and the fourth ligament fixation screw hole 2-23;
the ligament 8 comprises: the patellar ligament 8-1, the medial collateral ligament 8-2, the anterior cruciate ligament 8-3, and the posterior cruciate ligament 8-4.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the knee joint model capable of demonstrating KOAPT intra-cavity pressure change of knee joint in motion provided by the invention comprises a femur structure 1 and a tibia structure 2, wherein the upper part of the femur structure 1 is provided with a fixing mechanism 1-11 for connecting a swing arm 7; the middle lower part of the tibia structure 2 is provided with a cavity 2-21 for filling the weight 6; an elastic film 3 for simulating a knee joint synovium is connected between the femur structure 1 and the tibia structure 2 in a sealing way, and the inside of the elastic film 3 is wrapped into a knee joint cavity 4 with complete sealing; the inside of the femur structure 1 is buried with a communicating pipe 5, the bottom end of the communicating pipe 5 penetrates to the bottom end of the femur structure 1 and is used for injecting artificial synovial fluid into the knee joint cavity 4, and the top end of the communicating pipe 5 penetrates out of the top end of the femur structure 1 and is used for measuring the pressure in the knee joint cavity 4; by the swing of the swing arm 7, knee pain motion is demonstrated, and pressure change in the knee joint cavity 4 is detected.
Specifically, the swing arm 7 is connected with an external swing motor 10, and the swing motor 10 drives the swing arm 7 to swing so as to drive the knee joint model of the invention to do knee pain swing motion. The communicating tube 5 is preferably a transparent hose, and the top end of the communicating tube is connected with a pressure gauge for monitoring the pressure change in the knee joint cavity 4.
In particular, the cavities 2-21 are located in the middle or lower portion of the tibial structure 2, and may be one or more cavities for filling the filler weights 6, the filler weights 6 being weights of well-defined weight and volume.
Preferably, the elastic film 3 is a cylindrical film with middle connection and two open ends, the upper end of the elastic film 3 is stuck and sleeved around the lower part of the femur structure 1, and the lower end of the elastic film 3 is stuck and sleeved around the upper part of the tibia structure 2.
Specifically, the elastic film 3 is one or any combination of latex, rubber, polyurethane and polyvinyl chloride, is used for simulating a knee joint sliding film, has elasticity, has certain volume expansion when demonstrating knee pain motion, and simultaneously has pressure drop in a knee joint cavity; when the knee pain is stopped, the elastic film is restored to the original volume immediately, and meanwhile, the pressure in the knee joint cavity is restored to the original value immediately.
Preferably, the femur structure 1 comprises an upper femur structure 1-1 and a lower femur structure 1-2 which are connected in an up-down sealing way, the fixing mechanism 1-11 is arranged at the upper part of the upper femur structure 1-1, the bottom end of the lower femur structure 1-2 is provided with a concave sealing area 1-21, and the bottom end of the communicating pipe 5 penetrates through the bottom end of the sealing area 1-21; the tibia structure 2 comprises an upper tibia structure 2-1 and a lower tibia structure 2-2 which are connected in an up-down sealing way, the upper end of the upper tibia structure 2-1 is provided with a tibia platform 2-11, the tibia platform 2-11 is provided with a meniscus 9, and a cavity 2-21 is arranged at the middle lower part of the lower tibia structure 2-2.
The bottom end of the upper femur structure 1-1 is provided with a first concave screw cap 1-12, the upper end of the lower femur structure 1-2 is provided with a first convex screw unit 1-22 matched with the screw cap 1-12, and the upper end of the elastic film 3 is stuck and sleeved around the first screw unit 1-22, so that the lower femur structure 1-2 is in sealing connection with the upper femur structure 1-1; the lower end of the upper tibia structure 2-1 is provided with a downward convex second thread unit 2-12, the upper end of the lower tibia structure 2-2 is provided with a inward concave second thread cover 2-22, and the lower end of the elastic film 3 is adhered and sleeved around the second thread unit 2-12, so that the upper tibia structure 2-1 is in sealing connection with the lower tibia structure 2-2.
Specifically, the upper end of the elastic film 3 is coated with sealant, the sealant is sleeved around the first screw thread unit 1-22, the lower femur structure 1-2 is tightly screwed and tightly sealed with the upper femur structure 1-1, and the upper end of the elastic film 3 is fixed on the femur structure 1 in a sealing way. The lower end of the elastic film 3 is also coated with sealant, the sealant is sleeved around the second thread unit 2-12, the upper tibia structure 2-1 and the lower tibia structure 2-2 are tightly screwed and tightly sealed, and the lower end of the elastic film 3 is fixed on the tibia structure 2 in a sealing way.
Preferably, the fixing mechanism 1-11 comprises clamping grooves 1-111 which are arranged in the femur structure 1 in the vertical direction, the clamping grooves 1-111 are used for clamping swing arms 7 of the swing machine, and pins 1-112 used for clamping and fixing the swing arms 7 are arranged on the left side and the right side of the clamping grooves 1-111.
Preferably, the sealing areas 1-21 are filled with sealing glue for sealing and waterproofing the periphery of the bottom end of the communicating pipe 5, and the sealing glue is oily glue or glass glue.
Preferably, the artificial synovial fluid is a mixed aqueous solution of hyaluronic acid and protein, and the specific gravity of the synovial fluid is 1.01. Artificial synovial fluid is injected from the top end of the communicating tube 5 down to the inside of the knee joint cavity 4 to simulate synovial fluid.
According to the knee joint model, the knee joint model is sealed and waterproof, and artificial synovial fluid is injected into the communicating pipe buried in the model to truly simulate the synovial fluid in the knee joint cavity 4 when the knee joint pain is induced to move; meanwhile, the knee joint model can be filled with weights, so that knee pain motion can be simulated more realistically, and pressure change in the knee joint cavity 4 can be demonstrated more accurately.
The demonstration test comprises the following steps:
The first step: a pipeline matched with the communicating pipe 5 is chiseled in the femur structure 1, the communicating pipe 5 is inserted in the pipeline, the bottom end of the communicating pipe 5 is level with the bottoms of the sealing areas 1-21, and the top end of the communicating pipe 5 extends out from the top of the femur structure 1;
and a second step of: injecting sealant into the sealing areas 1-21 to seal and waterproof the periphery of the bottom end of the communicating pipe 5;
and a third step of: the upper opening end and the lower opening end of the elastic film 3 are respectively covered and fixed with sealant around the first thread units 1-22 and around the second thread units 2-12;
Fourth step: tightly screwing the lower femur structure 1-2 and the upper femur structure 1-1, tightly screwing the upper tibia structure 2-1 and the lower tibia structure 2-2, so that the lower femur structure 1-2 and the upper femur structure 1-1 are spliced together to form a femur structure 1, the upper tibia structure 2-1 and the lower tibia structure 2-2 are spliced together to form a tibia structure 2, and meanwhile, a knee joint cavity 4 with complete sealing is formed between the femur structure 1 and the tibia structure 2 to form the knee joint model;
Fifth step: injecting artificial synovial fluid into the knee joint cavity 4 from the top end of the communicating pipe 5 until most of air in the knee joint cavity 4 is emptied, wherein the artificial synovial fluid is used for simulating real lacquer joint cavity synovial fluid of a human body;
sixth step: connecting the top end of the communicating pipe 5 with a pressure gauge to monitor pressure change;
seventh step: the outer swing arm 7 is inserted into the clamping groove 1-111, and the swing arm 7 is fixed by the pin 1-112;
Eighth step: filling a filling weight 6 in the cavity 2-21 to balance the pressure;
ninth step: the external swing motor 10 is selected to have the required swing frequency, the swing motor 10 is started to drive the knee joint model to do forward and backward swing motion, forward and backward swing motion of knee pain is simulated, and pressure change of the pressure gauge is observed.
The results of the above demonstration test showed that: when demonstrating knee pain motion, the elastic film 3 expands to a certain extent, and the pressure in the knee joint cavity 4 drops; when the knee pain is stopped, the elastic film 4 is restored to the original volume immediately, and the pressure in the knee joint cavity 4 is restored to the original value immediately.
The data of the above demonstration test are as follows:
| swing frequency (times/min) | Differential pressure (millimeter water column) |
| 30 | 3 |
| 40 | 5 |
| 50 | 8 |
As can be seen from the above table, the changes in pressure in the knee joint chamber 4 demonstrated by the present invention are consistent with the results of animal experiments, and all of them show that: the knee pain inducing movement causes the pressure in the knee joint chamber 4 to decrease, and the pressure in the knee joint chamber 4 is maintained relatively stable without changing the movement frequency, and if the movement frequency increases, the pressure in the knee joint chamber 4 also decreases further. The invention can clearly and intuitively demonstrate the pressure change in the knee joint cavity 4 when the knee pain is induced to move, is simple to operate, is clear at a glance, can enable people to realize that the leg throwing movement can cause the pressure change in the knee joint cavity 4, can enable people to understand the principle more easily, and fills the blank that the knee joint cavity 4 and synovial fluid are not simulated in various knee joint models.
Example 2:
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is mainly that: the present embodiment also includes a ligament 8, the ligament 8 including a patellar ligament 8-1, a medial collateral ligament 8-2, which are secured between the upper femoral structure 1-1 and the lower tibial structure 2-2, and anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments 8-3, 8-4, which are secured between the lower femoral structure 1-2 and the upper tibial structure 2-1; the patellar ligament 8-1 and the medial collateral ligament 8-2 are fixed through a first ligament fixation screw hole 1-13 arranged on the peripheral wall of the upper femur structure 1-1, a fourth ligament fixation screw hole 2-23 arranged on the peripheral wall of the lower tibia structure 2-2 and screws; the anterior cruciate ligament 8-3 and the posterior cruciate ligament 8-4 are fixed through a second ligament fixation screw hole 1-23 arranged on the peripheral wall of the lower femur structure 1-2, a third ligament fixation screw hole 2-13 arranged on the peripheral wall of the upper tibia structure 2-1 and screws.
The above description of the specific embodiments of the present invention has been given by way of example only, and the present invention is not limited to the above described specific embodiments. Any equivalent modifications and substitutions for the present invention will occur to those skilled in the art, and are also within the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, equivalent changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A knee joint model capable of demonstrating pressure changes in a knee joint cavity in KOAPT movements, KOAPT movements are knee pain guiding movements, comprising a femur structure (1) and a tibia structure (2), and are characterized in that: the femur structure (1) comprises an upper femur structure (1-1) and a lower femur structure (1-2) which are connected in an up-down sealing way, wherein a communicating pipe (5) with the bottom end flush with the bottom end of the lower femur structure (1-2) and the top end penetrating out of the top end of the upper femur structure (1-1) is embedded in the femur structure (1);
The tibia structure (2) comprises an upper tibia structure (2-1) and a lower tibia structure (2-2) which are connected in an up-down sealing way; a cylindrical elastic film (3) which is used for simulating a knee joint sliding film and is provided with two open ends is arranged between the lower femur structure (1-2) and the upper tibia structure (2-1) in a sealing manner, so that a knee joint cavity (4) with complete sealing is formed inside the elastic film (3); injecting artificial synovial fluid into the communicating pipe (5) to the knee joint cavity (4) cavity, swinging the femur structure (1), demonstrating knee pain movement, and detecting pressure change in the knee joint cavity (4) through a pressure gauge connected with the top end of the communicating pipe (5);
The model comprises a ligament (8) on the outer side, wherein the ligament (8) comprises a patellar ligament (8-1) fixed between an upper femur structure (1-1) and a lower tibia structure (2-2), a medial collateral ligament (8-2) and an anterior cruciate ligament (8-3) and a posterior cruciate ligament (8-4) fixed between the lower femur structure (1-2) and the upper tibia structure (2-1); the patellar ligament (8-1) and the medial collateral ligament (8-2) are fixed through a first ligament fixing screw hole (1-13) arranged on the peripheral wall of the upper femur structure (1-1), a fourth ligament fixing screw hole (2-23) arranged on the peripheral wall of the lower tibia structure (2-2) and a screw; the anterior cruciate ligament (8-3) and the posterior cruciate ligament (8-4) are fixed through a second ligament fixing screw hole (1-23) arranged on the peripheral wall of the lower femur structure (1-2), a third ligament fixing screw hole (2-13) arranged on the peripheral wall of the upper tibia structure (2-1) and screws.
2. The knee model for demonstrating KOAPT intra-articular pressure changes in motion according to claim 1, wherein: the upper femur structure (1-1) is characterized in that the bottom end of the upper femur structure (1-1) is provided with a first concave screw cap (1-12), the top end of the lower femur structure (1-2) is provided with a first screw unit (1-22) which is matched with the first screw cap (1-12) and protrudes upwards, and the upper opening end of the elastic film (3) is adhered and sleeved around the first screw unit (1-22), so that the lower femur structure (1-2) is in sealing connection with the upper femur structure (1-1), and the upper opening end of the elastic film (3) is in sealing connection with the lower femur structure (1-2); the upper tibia structure (2-1) bottom is provided with a second thread unit (2-12) protruding downwards, the top end of the lower tibia structure (2-2) is provided with a second thread cover (2-22) recessed inwards, and the lower opening end of the elastic membrane (3) is adhered and sleeved around the second thread unit (2-12), so that the upper tibia structure (2-1) is in sealing connection with the lower tibia structure (2-2), and the lower opening end of the elastic membrane (3) is in sealing connection with the upper tibia structure (2-1).
3. A knee model for demonstrating KOAPT intra-articular pressure changes in a knee cavity in motion according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the upper femur structure (1-1) upper portion is equipped with fixed establishment (1-11) that are used for connecting swing arm (7), fixed establishment (1-11) are including burying in upper femur structure (1-1) inside, be draw-in groove (1-111) that vertical direction was arranged, draw-in groove (1-111) one side is equipped with pin (1-112) that are used for chucking, fixed swing arm (7).
4. A knee model for demonstrating KOAPT intra-articular pressure changes in a knee cavity during motion according to claim 3, wherein: the lower femur structure (1-2) bottom is provided with indent sealing area (1-21), sealing area (1-21) intussuseption is filled with the sealant, communicating pipe (5) bottom runs through to the sealant bottom.
5. The knee model for demonstrating KOAPT intra-articular pressure changes in a knee cavity during motion of claim 4, wherein: the sealant is oily glue or glass glue.
6. A knee model for demonstrating KOAPT intra-articular pressure changes in a knee cavity in motion according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the upper end of the upper tibia structure (2-1) is provided with a tibia platform (2-11), and the tibia platform (2-11) is provided with a meniscus (9).
7. The knee model for demonstrating KOAPT intra-articular pressure changes in a knee cavity during motion of claim 6, wherein: the inside of the lower tibia structure (2-2) is provided with a cavity (2-21) for filling the weight (6).
8. The knee model for demonstrating KOAPT intra-articular pressure changes in motion according to claim 1, wherein: the elastic film (3) is one or any combination of latex, rubber, polyurethane and polyvinyl chloride.
9. The knee model for demonstrating KOAPT intra-articular pressure changes in motion according to claim 1, wherein: the communicating pipe (5) is a transparent hose.
10. The knee model for demonstrating KOAPT intra-articular pressure changes in motion according to claim 1, wherein: the artificial synovial fluid is a mixed aqueous solution of hyaluronic acid and protein.
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