CN220420112U - Arthroscope training model - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a knee arthroscope training model, which belongs to the technical field of medical teaching appliances. The arthroscopic training model includes simulated skin, femur and tibia portions. The simulated skin part is arranged in a transparent way and is provided with a hollow inner cavity, and the femur part and the tibia part are arranged in the hollow inner cavity. The shape of the simulated skin portion is set to be the same as the shape of the joint of the human body, and the shape of the femur portion or the tibia portion is set to be the same as the shape of the femur or the tibia of the human body, respectively. The application provides an arthroscope training model, fully simulates human knee joint position, sets up transparent simulation skin portion, observes joint inner structure, can accurately observe the whole process of operation to operation process and feel and the observation of being convenient for when can reducing clinical operation can shorten arthroscope's learning curve.

Description

Arthroscope training model

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical teaching instruments, in particular to an arthroscope training model.

Background

The knee joint is the joint with the largest human body, the most complex anatomical structure and the highest requirement on the exercise function, the stability of the knee joint directly determines the load and the walking degree of the lower limb, once fracture occurs, the stability of the joint is deteriorated, the stretch and bend activities are obviously limited, the daily life of a patient is greatly influenced, and the whole body function is reduced.

Conventional incision reduction internal fixation is used as a common operation mode for treating knee joint fracture, and mainly adopts incision reduction, internal fixation and the like to treat the knee joint fracture, but the treatment method has the defects of large incision wound, non-ideal reduction of joint surfaces and the like, and is not beneficial to the functional recovery of the knee joint. The arthroscope operation is used as a minimally invasive surgery technology, and an optical conduction system of a miniature camera is mainly applied to walk in a joint cavity of a human body, so that diagnosis and treatment of joint diseases are realized. Because arthroscope operation wound is small, patient's postoperative rehabilitation is rapid, and the clinical diagnosis and the treatment of bone joint disease are widely used at home and abroad, research and development arthroscope training model has extremely important meaning.

Traditional surgery allows guiding instruments through direct visual control (one axis, eye to hand, instrument to patient), whereas arthroscopic techniques require coordination of two axes (eye to display and hand, instrument to patient), which is known as triangulation. In addition to such triangulation, arthroscopes require more skill; most surgical procedures can be performed with one hand for the critical part of the procedure, but arthroscopy requires real bimanual activity. The doctor needs to hold the optical system with the camera in one hand and view the operation area on the monitor, and the other hand guides the probe or the small surgical instrument to operate.

The high-requirement operation of arthroscopic surgery prolongs the learning curve of the arthroscopic surgery; however, the number of training students in the conventional clinical band teaching mode is limited and the period is long. With the updating of arthroscopes, the surgical instruments under the arthroscopes are continuously improved, the arthroscopes are mature in surgical technology, and the minimally invasive surgery of each joint can play a greater potential. However, although arthroscopic techniques are minimally invasive, good arthroscopic surgery may provide patient benefits, but rough arthroscopic surgery may be followed by various adverse effects. In the development process of arthroscope technology, basic skill training is paid attention to, young doctors are paid attention to culture, and application is expanded on the basis of proficiency.

In the prior art, for example, CN115331531a discloses a teaching device and method for full-true simulation arthroscopic surgery, wherein at least one surgical access is formed on the outer surface of a joint anatomical model, the surgical access is communicated with a joint cavity in the joint anatomical model, a plurality of surgical access is formed in the joint anatomical model, and a corresponding surgical access is provided for conventional arthroscopic surgery training and part of special arthroscopic surgery training, so that a simulation instrument can enter the joint cavity through the surgical access. The joint anatomic model does not provide an internal view for the operator, which is difficult for a beginner to use.

The application aims at developing an arthroscope training model which is simple in structure, convenient to operate and convenient to observe.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present application provides an arthroscope training model, which sufficiently simulates a knee joint portion of a human body, sets a transparent simulated skin portion, observes an internal structure of a joint, can precisely observe an entire process of an operation, can restore an operation process and a hand feeling during a clinical operation, is convenient to observe, and can shorten a learning curve of an arthroscope.

To achieve the above and other related objects, the present utility model provides an arthroscopic training model comprising a simulated skin portion, a femoral portion and a tibial portion; the simulated skin part is arranged in a transparent way and is provided with a hollow inner cavity, and the femur part and the tibia part are arranged in the hollow inner cavity; the shape of the simulated skin part is set to be the same as the shape of the joint of the human body; the femoral or tibial portion shape is configured to be the same as a human femur or tibia shape.

In one possible embodiment, the simulated skin portion comprises an outer skin wall, a femoral cover, and a tibial cover;

the skin outer wall encloses to be established and forms the cavity inner chamber, just the cavity inner chamber link up and is equipped with femur end opening and shin bone end opening, the femur closing cap connect in the femur end opening and seal the femur end opening, the shin bone closing cap connect in the shin bone end opening and seal the shin bone end opening.

In one possible embodiment, the femoral component comprises a femoral fixation component, a femoral adjacent component, and a first femoral connector that is coupled to the femoral fixation component after passing through the femoral cover;

and/or the tibia part comprises a tibia fixing part, a tibia adjacent part and a first tibia connecting piece, and the first tibia connecting piece penetrates through the tibia sealing cover and then is connected with the tibia fixing part.

In one possible embodiment, the angle between the femur adjacent part and the tibia adjacent part is 89-91 degrees;

and/or, the femur part further comprises a second femur connecting piece, and the second femur connecting piece penetrates through the outer skin wall and then is connected with the femur adjacent part.

In one possible embodiment, the tibial portion further comprises an adjunct comprising two connecting frames, a first adjunct rod, a second adjunct rod, and a plurality of second connectors; the two connecting frames are respectively arranged on two sides of the tibia part in a straddling manner, in particular to a first side and a second side of the tibia part;

the first auxiliary rod is arranged on the first side in a penetrating manner, and the first auxiliary rod is parallel to the extending direction of the tibia part;

the second side is provided with second connecting holes, the second auxiliary rods are arranged in the second connecting holes in a penetrating mode, and the second auxiliary rods are parallel to the extending direction of the tibia part;

in addition, the two connecting frames are respectively provided with a plurality of third connecting holes, and each second connecting piece penetrates through the outer wall of the skin and then is connected with each third connecting hole.

In a possible embodiment, the thickness of the outer skin wall is 1-5 mm, and may be selected in a customized manner according to the thickness of the human skin, for example 1-2 mm, or 2-3 mm, or 3-4 mm, or 4-5 mm.

And/or the material of the outer wall of the skin is transparent resin or transparent emulsion. And/or a sealing film is arranged at the joint of the femur sealing cover and the femur end opening, and a sealing film is arranged at the joint of the tibia sealing cover and the tibia end opening.

In a possible embodiment, the outer skin wall is provided with a fluid chamber, and the fluid chamber is provided with a liquid fluid, and the fluid is generally water. And/or the simulated skin portion is provided with at least one examination opening.

In one possible embodiment, the arthroscopic training model further comprises a femoral end support column and a tibial end support column;

one end of the femur end supporting column is connected with the femur sealing cover, and the other end of the femur end supporting column is set to be a femur supporting free end;

one end of the tibia end supporting column is connected with the tibia sealing cover, and the other end of the tibia end supporting column is set to be a tibia supporting free end.

In a possible embodiment, the arthroscopic training model further comprises a support plate; the femur support free end is fixedly arranged on the support plate, and the tibia support free end is movably arranged on the support plate.

In one possible embodiment, the material of the femoral and tibial portions is a resin; and/or, the femur part and the tibia part are manufactured by adopting 3D printing; and/or the simulated skin portion is made using 3D printing.

As described above, the arthroscope training model has the following beneficial effects:

1) The training model of this application is through setting up transparent simulation skin portion and the shape setting the same with human joint department structure, fully simulates human knee joint position, can restore operation process and feel and the be convenient for observation when clinical operation when arthroscope trains, can shorten the learning curve of arthroscope.

2) The inspection port of the training model can be reserved, and can be automatically cut according to the requirement of a user, and specifically, the minimally invasive surgery of more knee joints can be performed according to the requirement, including but not limited to intra-articular diseases such as meniscus injury, anterior cruciate ligament tearing, intra-articular freeform, articular cartilage injury, internal and external collateral ligament injury, recurrent dislocation of patella and the like.

3) The training model can be formed by resin 3D printing, and the surface smoothness and high quality of skin and bones in the model can be ensured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an arthroscope training model according to one embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an auxiliary component of the arthroscope training model according to the embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an arthroscope training model according to another embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals illustrate:

1. simulated skin portion

101. Hollow inner cavity

102. Fluid chamber

11. Skin outer wall

12. Femur sealing cover

13. Tibia sealing cover

2. Femur part

21. Femur fixing part

22. Femoral adjacent portion

23. First femoral component

24. Second femoral component

3. Tibia part

31. Tibia fixing part

32. Tibia adjacent portion

33. First tibial connector

34. Auxiliary piece

341. Connecting frame

342. First auxiliary rod

343. Second auxiliary rod

344. Second connecting piece

4. Bone end support column

5. Tibia end support column

6. Supporting plate

Detailed Description

Further advantages and effects of the present utility model will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present utility model, which is described by the following specific examples.

Please refer to fig. 1-3. It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings are for illustration purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the utility model to the extent that it can be practiced, since modifications, changes in the proportions, or otherwise, used in the practice of the utility model, are not intended to be critical to the essential characteristics of the utility model, but are intended to fall within the spirit and scope of the utility model. Also, the terms such as "inner", "outer", "opening", "upper", "lower", "connection", etc. are used herein for convenience of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model, but rather to refer to the changes or modifications in the relative relationship without substantial modification of the technical content.

Examples

Referring to fig. 1 to 2, an arthroscope training model of the embodiment of the present application includes a simulated skin portion 1, a femur portion 2, and a tibia portion 3. The simulated skin part 1 is arranged in a transparent way and is provided with a hollow inner cavity 101, the femur part 2 and the tibia part 3 are arranged in the hollow inner cavity 11, the shape of the simulated skin part 1 is identical to the shape of the joint of a human body, and the shape of the femur part 2 or the tibia part 3 is identical to the shape of the femur or the tibia of the human body respectively. The joints, femur or tibia of the human body can be obtained by medical imaging of the prior art, or by modeling. Preferably, the simulated skin part 1, the femur part 2 and the tibia part 3 are all made by 3D printing, so that the surface smoothness and high quality of skin and bones in the model can be ensured.

Specifically, the transparent skin-simulating portion 1 may be made of transparent resin or latex, and may be commercially available.

More specifically, the femur part 2 and the tibia part 3 are made of resin, and can be made of common commercial products.

In a specific embodiment, the simulated skin portion 1 comprises an outer skin wall 11, a femoral cover 12 and a tibial cover 13. The skin outer wall 11 encloses and forms the cavity inner chamber 101, and cavity inner chamber 101 link up and be equipped with femur end opening and shin end opening, and femur closing cap 12 is connected in femur end opening and is sealed femur end opening, and shin closing cap 13 is connected in shin end opening and is sealed shin end opening. Specifically, the femoral part 2 is placed in the hollow inner cavity 101 through the femoral end opening, then the femoral closing seal of the femoral closing cover 12 and the fixation of the femoral part 2 are performed, the tibial part 3 is placed in the hollow inner cavity 101 through the tibial end opening, then the closing seal of the tibial closing cover 13 and the fixation of the tibial part 3 are performed, and the specific fixation mode of the femoral part 2 and the tibial part 3 is designed according to actual needs. The femoral cover 12 and the tibial cover 13 may be made of a resin material, plastic, or the like.

In one embodiment, a fixation of the femoral portion 2 and the tibial portion 3 is provided. Specifically, 1) the femoral component 2 comprises a femoral fixing part 21, a femoral adjacent part 22 and a first femoral connecting piece 23, wherein the first femoral connecting piece 23 penetrates through the femoral sealing cover 12 and then is connected with the femoral fixing part 21, more specifically, a threaded hole is arranged on the femoral fixing part 21, after the cover of the femoral sealing cover 12 is sealed to the femoral end opening, the first femoral connecting piece 23 penetrates through the femoral sealing cover 12 and then is connected with the threaded hole on the femoral fixing part 21 in a threaded manner, and a sealing component such as a sealing ring is arranged at the joint of the preferred femoral fixing part 21 and the femoral sealing cover 12.

2) The tibia portion 3 includes a tibia fixation portion 31, a tibia adjacent portion 32, and a first tibia connector 33, and the first tibia connector 33 is connected to the tibia fixation portion 31 after passing through the tibia cover 13. More specifically, a threaded hole is provided in the tibial fixing part 31, the lid of the tibial cover 13 is sealed to the tibial end opening, the first tibial connector 33 is threaded with the threaded hole in the tibial fixing part 31 after penetrating through the tibial cover 13, and a sealing member such as a seal ring is preferably provided at the junction of the tibial fixing part 31 and the tibial cover 13.

Referring still specifically to fig. 1, femoral component 2 further includes a second femoral connector 24, and second femoral connector 24 is disposed through outer skin wall 11 and coupled to femoral adjacent portion 22. Specifically, the femur adjacent part 22 is provided with a connecting rod, the connecting rod is provided with a threaded hole, the second femur connecting piece 24 can be a screw, and the second femur connecting piece 24 penetrates through the skin outer wall 11 and is in threaded connection with the threaded hole on the connecting rod of the femur adjacent part 22.

More specifically, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the tibial portion 3 further includes an auxiliary member 34, and the auxiliary member 34 includes two connection frames 341, a first auxiliary lever 342, a second auxiliary lever 343, and a plurality of second connection members 344. The two connection frames 341 are respectively arranged on two sides of the tibia part 3 in a straddling manner, specifically, a first side and a second side of the tibia part 3. In the first side, two connecting frames 341 are all equipped with first connecting hole, and first auxiliary rod 342 wears to locate each first connecting hole and first auxiliary rod 342 is parallel with the extending direction of shin portion 3, is on the second side, and two connecting frames 341 all are equipped with the second connecting hole, and each second connecting hole is worn to locate to second auxiliary rod 343 and second auxiliary rod 343 is parallel with the extending direction of shin portion 3, and in addition, two connecting frames all 341 are equipped with a plurality of third connecting holes, and each second connecting piece 344 is worn to establish respectively with each third connecting hole after skin outer wall 11. As described above, the connection frame 341 is printed using the same resin material as the tibia 3, and the first auxiliary lever 342 and the second auxiliary lever 343 are preferably made of stainless steel. The auxiliary member 3 is provided to assist fixation, and also to maintain the positional relationship between the tibia portion 3 and the femur portion 2.

In one embodiment, the angle between the femoral and tibial adjacent portions 22, 32 is 89-91 °, preferably 90 °.

According to the arthroscope training model, the relative position relationship between the tibia and the femur is stable, the included angle between the femur adjacent part 22 and the tibia adjacent part 32 is 90 degrees as a starting point, and the tibia can slide about 6 millimeters towards the ankle joint direction and can stop at any position in the process. The auxiliary element plays a good role in maintaining the positional relationship between the tibial portion 3 and the femoral portion 2 during this process.

In one embodiment, the thickness of the outer skin wall 11 is 1-5 mm, and may be selected in a customized manner depending on the thickness of the human skin, for example 1-2 mm, or 2-3 mm, or 3-4 mm, or 4-5 mm.

In one embodiment, the junction of the femoral cap 12 and the femoral end opening is provided with a sealing membrane, and the junction of the tibial cap 13 and the tibial end opening is provided with a sealing membrane, which is a conventional material.

In a specific embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the outer skin wall 11 is provided with a fluid cavity 102, a liquid fluid is arranged in the fluid cavity 102, in the embodiment of arranging the fluid cavity 102, the outer skin wall is generally prepared by resin, the liquid is preferably an aqueous medium, namely, a watertight cavity is formed on the outer skin wall, and 3D printing is performed by colorless transparent resin, so that the internal condition can be clearly observed, the learning efficiency is improved, the skin is made into a watertight cavity, and the sealing and watertight effect can be achieved by holding the aqueous medium at normal pressure.

Specifically, when the watertight cavity is generally selected, the detection port is reserved in advance, and the incision can be made according to the definition, so that the actual state of liquid suction can be simulated at the incision while the operation is performed.

In a specific embodiment, the simulated skin portion 1 is provided with at least one examination opening, which can be reserved according to the requirement, or can be automatically cut according to the requirement of a user, and specifically, more knee minimally invasive operations can be performed according to the requirement, including but not limited to intra-articular diseases such as meniscus injury, anterior cruciate ligament tear, intra-articular free body, articular cartilage injury, medial-lateral collateral ligament injury, recurrent dislocation of patella, and the like.

In a specific embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the arthroscope training model further includes a femoral end support post 4 and a tibial end support post 5, one end of the femoral end support post 4 is connected to the femoral cover 12, the other end is set as a femoral support free end, one end of the tibial end support post 5 is connected to the tibial cover 13, and the other end is set as a tibial support free end. The femur end support column 4 and the tibia end support column 5 can be made of resin materials, plastics, and the like.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the arthroscope training model further includes a support plate 6, the free end of the femoral support is fixedly disposed on the support plate 6, and the free end of the tibial support is movably disposed on the support plate 6.

As above, the supporting plate 6 is made of plastic plate by laser cutting and numerical control processing, the related connecting piece can be selected from screw nuts, and the specific related connecting piece can be made of 304 stainless steel materials. More specifically, auxiliary materials such as screws, nuts, sealing rings and the like adopt standard components.

The application method of the arthroscope training model provided by the utility model comprises the following steps:

for example: 1) Providing a human body joint three-dimensional model, or firstly confirming the joint three-dimensional model through a patient medical image, designing the shapes of the skin part 1, the femur part 2 and the tibia part 3, then designing a 3D printing model, selecting a proper printing material, and printing out the skin part 1, the femur part 2, the tibia part 3 and related accessories by adopting 3D;

2) Assembling, namely adopting a bent knee 90-degree supine position posture simulation examination, and fixing the femur end on the base to keep the relative positions of the femur and the skin well; 3) According to the requirements, arthroscopic surgery training is implemented, for example, a small opening of about 5mm is formed at the corresponding position around the joint, subcutaneous fat of the skin and joint capsules are cut, then a channel is formed, and an arthroscope is placed into the channel to be used as an observation channel. The other access is used as a working channel, and can be used for performing operations of meniscus excision, synovial excision and ligament reconstruction, namely an access in observation. Of course, different channels are established according to different lesion types and different lesions.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present utility model and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the utility model. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the utility model be covered by the claims, which are within the ordinary skill of the art, be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. An arthroscopic training model, characterized in that it comprises a simulated skin portion (1), a femoral portion (2) and a tibial portion (3);

the simulated skin part (1) is arranged in a transparent way and is provided with a hollow inner cavity (101), and the femur part (2) and the tibia part (3) are arranged in the hollow inner cavity (101);

the shape of the simulated skin part (1) is set to be the same as the shape of the joint of the human body;

the femur (2) or tibia (3) is shaped to be the same as the femur or tibia, respectively.

2. Arthroscopic training model according to claim 1, characterized in that the simulated skin portion (1) comprises an outer skin wall (11), a femoral cover (12) and a tibial cover (13);

the skin outer wall (11) encloses to be established and forms cavity inner chamber (101), just cavity inner chamber (101) link up and are equipped with femur end opening and shin bone end opening, femur closing cap (12) connect in femur end opening and closure the femur end opening, shin bone closing cap (13) connect in shin bone end opening and closure shin bone end opening.

3. Arthroscopic training model according to claim 2, characterized in that the femoral part (2) comprises a femoral fixation part (21), a femoral adjacent part (22) and a first femoral connection piece (23), the first femoral connection piece (23) being connected to the femoral fixation part (21) after passing through the femoral cover (12);

and/or, the tibia part (3) comprises a tibia fixing part (31), a tibia adjacent part (32) and a first tibia connecting piece (33), and the first tibia connecting piece (33) is connected with the tibia fixing part (31) after penetrating through the tibia sealing cover (13).

4. An arthroscopic training model according to claim 3, characterized in that the angle between the femur (22) and tibia (32) neighbors is 89-91 °;

and/or, the femur part (2) further comprises a second femur connector (24), and the second femur connector (24) is connected with the femur adjacent part (22) after penetrating through the skin outer wall (11).

5. An arthroscopic training model according to claim 3, characterized in that the tibial portion (3) further comprises an auxiliary element (34), the auxiliary element (34) comprising two connection frames (341), a first auxiliary rod (342), a second auxiliary rod (343) and a plurality of second connection elements (344); the two connecting frames (341) are respectively arranged on two sides of the tibia part (3) in a straddling manner, specifically a first side and a second side of the tibia part (3);

the two connecting frames (341) are provided with first connecting holes on the first side, the first auxiliary rods (342) penetrate through the first connecting holes, and the first auxiliary rods (342) are parallel to the extending direction of the tibia part (3);

the two connecting frames (341) are provided with second connecting holes on the second side, the second auxiliary rods (343) are arranged in the second connecting holes in a penetrating mode, and the second auxiliary rods (343) are parallel to the extending direction of the tibia part (3);

in addition, a plurality of third connecting holes are formed in each of the two connecting frames (341), and each of the second connecting pieces (344) penetrates through the outer skin wall (11) and then is connected with each of the third connecting holes.

6. Arthroscopic training model according to claim 2, characterized in that the thickness of the outer skin wall (11) is 1-5 mm;

and/or the material of the outer skin wall (11) is transparent resin or transparent emulsion;

and/or a sealing membrane is arranged at the joint of the femur sealing cover (12) and the femur end opening, and a sealing membrane is arranged at the joint of the tibia sealing cover (13) and the tibia end opening.

7. Arthroscopic training model according to claim 2, characterized in that the outer skin wall (11) is provided with a fluid chamber (102), the fluid chamber (102) being provided with a liquid fluid;

and/or the simulated skin portion (1) is provided with at least one examination opening.

8. Arthroscopic training model according to claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises a femoral end support column (4) and a tibial end support column (5);

one end of the femur end supporting column (4) is connected with the femur sealing cover (12), and the other end is set to be a femur support free end;

one end of the tibia end supporting column (5) is connected with the tibia sealing cover (13), and the other end is set as a tibia supporting free end.

9. Arthroscopic training model according to claim 7, characterized in that it further comprises a support plate (6); the femur support free end is fixedly arranged on the support plate (6), and the tibia support free end is movably arranged on the support plate (6).

10. Arthroscopic training model according to claim 1, characterized in that the material of the femoral (2) and tibial (3) parts is a resin;

and/or, the femur part (2) and the tibia part (3) are manufactured by adopting 3D printing;

and/or the simulated skin portion (1) is made using 3D printing.