CN114755457A - Method for measuring scale factor of optical levitation acceleration sensor on line - Google Patents
Method for measuring scale factor of optical levitation acceleration sensor on line Download PDFInfo
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- CN114755457A CN114755457A CN202210358465.9A CN202210358465A CN114755457A CN 114755457 A CN114755457 A CN 114755457A CN 202210358465 A CN202210358465 A CN 202210358465A CN 114755457 A CN114755457 A CN 114755457A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P21/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus or devices covered by the preceding groups
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of optical engineering and the technical field of precision measurement, and particularly relates to a method for measuring a scale factor of an optical levitation acceleration sensor on line. In the optical levitation acceleration sensor, the scale factor of the acceleration sensor is obtained by measuring the displacement information of the particles and then obtaining the resonance frequency of the particles through Fourier transform. The speed of the method for acquiring the scale factor is equivalent to the speed of particle displacement acquisition, so that the scale factor can be measured on line at high speed. The invention does not need to measure parameters such as rigidity coefficient, particle mass and the like, does not need to carry out experimental calibration, and has the advantages of simple structure, strong practicability, wide application range and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of optical engineering and the technical field of precision measurement, and particularly relates to a method for measuring a scale factor of an optical levitation acceleration sensor on line.
Background
An acceleration sensor generally comprises a support structure and a mass, wherein when the mass is subjected to an acceleration, the mass is displaced and the support structure is deformed. The displacement of the mass is typically proportional to the input acceleration value, which is referred to as a "scale factor", and the acceleration value can be calculated by measuring the displacement of the mass. Conventional support structures are typically constructed of springs, cantilever beams, etc., and have mechanical noise that is difficult to avoid. Furthermore, the sustained release of the stress of the support material can also introduce cumulative errors.
Optical levitation is a novel manipulation tool and is widely applied to the fields of life science, basic physics, precision measurement and the like. In particular, in the precision measurement aspect, the optical suspension technology has achieved zeptobovine force sensitivity, unimodular mass sensitivity, microgravity acceleration sensitivity and the like. The optical suspension type accelerometer has the advantages of non-contact suspension, small damage, high precision and the like, so that mechanical noise and accumulated errors can be effectively avoided by adopting the optical suspension as a supporting mode to manufacture the accelerometer, and the optical suspension type accelerometer is an important technical scheme for realizing high-precision acceleration sensing.
Accurate acquisition of the scale factor is an important premise for realizing high-precision application of the optical levitation acceleration sensor, and two general acquisition methods are provided: the first method is a direct calibration method, and after experimental data of acceleration and mass block displacement are measured, a scale factor is obtained through fitting calculation; the second method is an indirect measurement method, which can be obtained according to Newton's second law and Hooke's law, and the scale factor is the ratio of the rigidity coefficient and the particle mass, and the scale factor value can be obtained by calculating the ratio after measuring the two parameters. Both methods require the measurement of relevant parameters before use, and the measurement methods are cumbersome. In addition, the scale factor may fluctuate during use, introducing measurement errors into the optical levitation acceleration sensor, and neither method is capable of measuring the scale factor change in real time. The technical scheme provided by the invention is not reported at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for measuring the scale factor of the optical suspension acceleration sensor on line, which can monitor the change of the scale factor on line in real time and has the advantages of simple method, strong practical effect, low cost and the like.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: a method for on-line measuring the scale factor of an optical levitation acceleration sensor, comprising the steps of:
step one, establishing an optical tweezers system to capture particles: an optical tweezers system is built by adopting capture laser and a condensing lens to build a three-dimensional optical potential well; loading particles into an optical potential trap region to realize that an optical tweezers system captures the particles;
step two, obtaining displacement information of the particles;
step three, obtaining the resonance frequency omega of the particles: carrying out Fourier transform on the displacement information of any dimension of the particles to obtain the frequency spectrum distribution of the dimension displacement information of the particles and obtain the resonance frequency omega of the particles;
step four, calculating a scale factor Q: the scaling factor is obtained by calculating the square of the resonance frequency of the particles, i.e. Q-omega2。
Further, the step two of obtaining the displacement information of the particles is realized by measuring the scattered light of the particles by a displacement detector.
The beneficial effects of the invention are: in the optical levitation acceleration sensor, the scale factor of the acceleration sensor is obtained by measuring the displacement information of the particles and then obtaining the resonance frequency of the particles through Fourier transform. The speed of the method for acquiring the scale factor is equivalent to the speed of particle displacement acquisition, so that the scale factor can be measured on line at high speed. In addition, the method does not need to measure parameters such as rigidity coefficient, particle mass and the like, does not need to carry out experimental calibration, and has the advantages of simple structure, strong practicability and the like; the invention is not limited to the structure of the light trap and the structure of the light path, and has wide application range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an experimental apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is experimental data of particle displacement power spectra in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the invention should not be limited thereby.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for on-line measuring the scale factor of an optical levitation acceleration sensor comprises the following steps:
step one, establishing an optical tweezers system to capture particles: an optical tweezers system is built by adopting capture laser and a condensing lens to build a three-dimensional optical potential well; loading particles into an optical potential trap region to realize that an optical tweezers system captures the particles;
Step two, obtaining displacement information of the particles;
step three, obtaining the resonance frequency omega of the particles: carrying out Fourier transform on displacement information of any dimension of the particles to obtain the frequency spectrum distribution of the dimension displacement information of the particles and obtain the resonance frequency omega of the particles;
step four, calculating a scale factor Q: the scaling factor is obtained by calculating the square of the resonance frequency of the particles, i.e. Q-omega2。
Preferably, the obtaining of the displacement information of the particle in step two is implemented by measuring the scattered light of the particle with a displacement detector.
The method is realized as follows: as shown in FIG. 2, a device for measuring the scale factor of the optical levitation acceleration sensor on line is built, and comprises a capture laser 1, a condensing lens 2, particles 3 and a displacement detector 4. The capture laser 1 forms an optical potential well after passing through a condenser lens 2, and captures particles 3; the displacement detector 4 detects scattered light of the particles 3 to obtain displacement information of the particles 3, and the resonance frequency of the particles can be obtained by performing fourier transform on the displacement information of any dimension of the particles; the square operation is performed on the resonance frequency, and the scale factor can be obtained.
The spectrum information of the one-dimensional displacement information of the fine particles obtained by the above-described device is shown in fig. 3, and the resonance frequency Ω can be obtained 0. By squaring it, the scaling factor Q is obtained, i.e. Q ═ Ω0 2。
The principle analysis of the invention is as follows: the particles are subjected to light in the optical trap so that they are stably bound. When the particles are deflected, the optical force F increases with the amount x of deflection, which can be expressed as F ═ kx using hooke's law, where k is the stiffness coefficient of the support structure. Assuming that the mass of the particle is m and the received acceleration is a, the relationship between the displacement x of the particle output and the input acceleration a can be expressed by combining newton's second law F ═ ma
Wherein Q is a scaling factor, and Q is k/m.
The trapped particle can be regarded as a simple harmonic oscillator, when the environmental damping is low, the particle can generate simple harmonic motion, and the resonance frequency omega of the particle satisfies omega2K/m. Therefore, the scale factor and the resonant frequency satisfy
Q＝Ω2。 (2)
The invention does not need to measure parameters such as optical rigidity, particle mass and the like, does not need to carry out experimental calibration, and has the advantages of online measurement, simple structure, strong practicability and the like. The invention is not limited to the structure of the light trap and the structure of the light path, and has wide application range.
Claims (2)
1. A method for measuring the scale factor of an optical suspension acceleration sensor on line is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Step one, establishing an optical tweezers system to capture particles: an optical tweezers system is built by adopting capture laser and a condensing lens to build a three-dimensional optical potential well; loading particles into an optical potential trap region to realize that an optical tweezers system captures the particles;
step two, obtaining displacement information of the particles;
step three, obtaining the resonance frequency omega of the particles: carrying out Fourier transform on displacement information of any dimension of the particles to obtain the frequency spectrum distribution of the dimension displacement information of the particles and obtain the resonance frequency omega of the particles;
step four, calculating a scale factor Q: the scaling factor is obtained by calculating the square of the resonance frequency of the particles, i.e. Q-omega2。
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step two of obtaining the displacement information of the particles is performed by measuring the scattered light of the particles by using a displacement detector.
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Application publication date: 20220715 |