CN114754957A - Testing device for inducing submarine slope collapse instability through hydrate decomposition under simulated earthquake action - Google Patents

Testing device for inducing submarine slope collapse instability through hydrate decomposition under simulated earthquake action Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114754957A
CN114754957A CN202210430725.9A CN202210430725A CN114754957A CN 114754957 A CN114754957 A CN 114754957A CN 202210430725 A CN202210430725 A CN 202210430725A CN 114754957 A CN114754957 A CN 114754957A
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pressure
frame
data
soil
earthquake
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CN114754957B (en
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徐继涛
朱海涛
蒋明镜
李文昊
张誓杰
常晓栋
胡伟
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Tianjin University
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Tianjin University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
    • G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
    • G01M7/025—Measuring arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/24—Earth materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
    • Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation

Abstract

The invention discloses a testing device for inducing submarine slope collapse instability by hydrate decomposition under the action of simulated earthquake, which comprises: a support assembly; a protective frame; the angle control assembly is used for adjusting the inclination angle of the protection frame; a transparent water tank; testing layered rock soil; the high-air-pressure simulation system is used for providing vertical rising high air pressure for testing layered rock soil; the earthquake simulation system is used for providing earthquake excitation for testing layered rock soil; the monitoring system is used for monitoring the soil pressure, the pore water pressure, the multi-point displacement and the change form of the test layered rock soil; the multi-channel data acquisition instrument is used for acquiring each data in the experiment and transmitting the data to the experiment decision system; and the test decision system is used for sending out instructions, collecting data, displaying and storing the whole test device. The method can research the quantitative influence of factors such as strength weakening of a hydrate layer, gas enhancement, seismic excitation and the like on the underwater side slope, and reflect the evolution rule of the underwater rock-soil side slope after the hydrate is decomposed at different side slope angles.

Description

Testing device for inducing submarine slope collapse instability through hydrate decomposition under simulated earthquake action
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of simulation tests of rock-soil slope engineering containing hydrates under the deep water condition, in particular to a test device for simulating the hydrate decomposition under the earthquake action to induce the collapse and instability of a submarine slope.
Background
Compared with the land side slope, the underwater side slope is influenced by factors such as the strength of a side slope rock-soil body, a side slope angle, an internal friction angle and an internal friction angle of a soil body, and is also influenced by other adverse factors such as water pressure, erosion force and wave load; particularly, the deepwater environment slope containing hydrate layers is also influenced by factors such as high air pressure generated by hydrate decomposition, seismic excitation, ocean turbidity current and the like. Abundant hydrate resources are buried in the south China sea cloudless basin, the Shenhu area, the Qiongnan basin with the water depth of 800-1200 m and the sea bottom surface of about 100m, and a great number of deep sea geotechnics and scientific researchers are attracted to carry out deep research due to the factors of large reserve potential, environmental protection, renewability and the like. However, after the external temperature and pressure change, the hydrate is easily decomposed to generate high pressure exceeding 10MPa, and the strength of the decomposed rock-soil layer is sharply reduced. The collapse of the marine slope in the deepwater environment is influenced by the existing environment and technology, so that the collapse is difficult to observe and obtain in a short time, and the instability phenomenon of the slope containing the hydrate in the indoor simulation deepwater environment has important significance for researching efficient and environment-friendly exploitation of the hydrate.
When test rock soil is placed in a transparent, firm and leakage-free transparent water tank, the initial position and the final influence range of slope instability are measured, and the instability evolution process of the underwater rock soil slope can be visually observed. In a test device for simulating hydrate decomposition, researchers usually use a high-pressure inflator to simulate the high air pressure generated by hydrate decomposition, or use an expensive centrifugal tester to perform indoor tests on underwater slopes in order to ensure similarity. Hydrate decomposition not only creates high gas pressures buried within the formation, but also reduces the mechanical strength of the hydrate layer. Therefore, the characteristics of high gas pressure and strength reduction of the stratum caused by hydrate decomposition are simulated by using similar criteria under the normal gravity state, so that the capital is saved, and the characteristics of the on-site rock soil are better met.
In addition, in the prior patent, the influence of the earthquake excitation effect on the stability of the underwater slope containing the hydrate is less mentioned, so that researchers are not convenient to understand the mechanism of slope instability caused by the decomposition of the hydrate in the deepwater environment better. In general, in order to keep the indoor rock and soil side slope angle consistent with the natural condition side slope angle, researchers need to set the side slope angle of the indoor underwater rock and soil to be a fixed value. However, in order to study the influence of the underwater side slope angle on the rock-soil stability, the transparent water tank and the rock-soil layer need to be integrally rotated around a certain position, and the angle of the underwater rock-soil side slope can be changed while the thickness of the rock-soil body in the transparent water tank is kept uniform.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a test device for simulating hydrate decomposition under the earthquake action to induce the collapse and instability of a submarine side slope, aiming at solving the problems in the prior art. The test device has the advantages of modular assembly characteristics, clear logic, transparency, intuition, strong operability, adjustable model angle, adjustable model size, combinable analysis of various influence factors and the like. The test device can observe the inoculation, development and forming processes of the underwater rock-soil landslide containing the hydrate, and truly reveals the instability process of the underwater rock-soil landslide which is difficult to observe and predict; the method is used for researching the quantitative influence of the factors such as the strength weakening of the hydrate layer, the gas reinforcement and the seismic excitation on the underwater side slope and reflecting the evolution rule of the underwater rock-soil side slope after the hydrate is decomposed at different side slope angles.
The invention is realized in this way, a testing device for inducing submarine slope collapse instability by hydrate decomposition under the action of simulated earthquake, comprising:
the supporting component is positioned at the lowest part of the whole device;
the protective frame is positioned above the supporting component and supported by the supporting component, one end of the protective frame is a frame height fixed end, and the other end of the protective frame is a frame height movable end;
The angle control assemblies are positioned on two sides of the protection frame and above the supporting assembly and are symmetrically arranged; the angle control assembly is rotatably connected with the protective frame on the side of the fixed frame height end, the angle control assembly is arranged on the support assembly and is fixedly connected with the protective frame on the side of the movable frame height end, and the inclination angle of the protective frame is adjusted by adjusting the angle control assembly;
the transparent water tank is positioned inside the protective frame and is in clearance fit with the protective frame; the middle of the bottom of the transparent water tank is provided with a plurality of water tank vent holes, and the water tank vent holes are used for enabling a high-air-pressure simulation system to penetrate through and extend into the test layered rock soil;
and testing layered rock soil, wherein the testing layered rock soil is distributed in the transparent water tank in a multi-layer state along the height direction and covers underwater.
A high-pressure simulation system for providing a vertically ascending high pressure to test a hydrate layer of a stratified rock-soil.
The seismic simulation system is positioned below the protective frame, is abutted against the bottom of the protective frame and is used for providing seismic excitation for testing layered rock soil; the angle of the earthquake simulation system can be adjusted, and the inclination angle of the earthquake simulation system is consistent with that of the protection frame, so that the earthquake excitation provided by the earthquake simulation system is always vertical to the test layered rock soil;
The monitoring system is used for monitoring the soil pressure, the pore water pressure, the multi-point displacement and the change form of the test layered rock soil;
the system comprises a multi-channel data acquisition instrument, a test decision-making system and a data processing system, wherein the multi-channel data acquisition instrument is used for acquiring air pressure data and flow data of a high-air-pressure simulation system, soil pressure data, pore water pressure data and multipoint displacement data of a monitoring system and transmitting the acquired data to the test decision-making system;
and the test decision system is respectively connected with the controller and the data modem of the earthquake simulation system and the bus output port of the multichannel data acquisition instrument and is used for sending instructions, collecting data, displaying data and storing data of the whole test device.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the supporting assembly includes a supporting leg and a supporting leg seat installed at the bottom of the supporting leg, and a right-angle gasket connected with the protection frame is provided at the top of the supporting leg at the fixed end side of the frame height; a plurality of movable support legs which are different in height and used for supporting the protection frame with different inclination angles are arranged on the top of the support leg which is positioned on the side of the movable end of the height of the frame and under the protection frame, the movable support legs and the support leg are connected through connecting sleeves in a threaded manner, and the top of the movable support leg at the topmost part is provided with an anchoring gasket connected with the protection frame; and a square gasket connected with the angle control assembly is arranged at the top of the supporting leg on the side of the movable end of the height of the frame and positioned right below the angle control assembly.
In the above technical solution, it is further preferred that a stopper and a wedge-shaped support are provided on the right-angle gasket, a right angle matching with the corner of the protection frame is formed between the stopper and the wedge-shaped support, and the stopper and the wedge-shaped support are replaced according to the inclination angle of the protection frame.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the protection frame includes a square frame main body composed of 12 ribs and used for loading the transparent water tank, and a reinforcing beam installed at the bottom of the square frame main body, the reinforcing beam is installed with an earthquake excitation action block, and reinforcing blocks are respectively arranged at four corners of the bottom of the square frame main body.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the angle control assembly includes an angle adjusting plate, a connecting rod and a slot fixer, the angle adjusting plate is provided with an arc-shaped channel and a plurality of slots, and the slots are located at two sides of the arc-shaped channel and used for adjusting the connecting rod to enable the connecting rod to form different angles with a horizontal line; the end part of the connecting rod at the side of the fixed height end of the frame is connected with a rotating sleeve, a ball and a supporting shaft are arranged in the rotating sleeve, the ball is arranged between the supporting shaft and the rotating sleeve, and one end of the supporting shaft is fixed at the bottom of the protective frame; the end part of the connecting rod at the high movable end side of the frame is connected with a fixed sleeve, and one end of the fixed sleeve is fixed at the bottom of the protective frame; the clamping groove fixer is of a T-shaped structure and comprises an inserting rod and a fixed rod, one end of the inserting rod is fixed with the fixed rod, and the inserting rod of the clamping groove fixer can penetrate through an arc-shaped channel to be inserted into the fixed sleeve and enable the fixed rod to be arranged in the clamping groove.
In the technical scheme, preferred, transparent water tank includes that the square water tank main part that is used for loading test layering ground and water and open-top that constitutes by 5 transparent ya keli boards is inboard and paste the bonding strip between per two transparent ya keli boards with being located square water tank main part, be provided with big end down's toper stagnant water pad in the water tank air vent, toper stagnant water pad lower part outer wall is hugged closely water tank vent inner wall, toper stagnant water pad inside is equipped with the through-hole, and inside through-hole closely wraps up high pressure simulation system's high pressure gas hose.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the test layered rock-soil comprises, from bottom to top, a base layer, a hydrate layer and an upper cover layer, and the test layered rock-soil covers under the water layer; the thicknesses of the base layer, the hydrate layer and the upper covering layer are different, and the thicknesses of the single layer are kept the same; the thickness of the water layer is adjusted according to the depth of the simulated side slope water; the strength of the base layer, the upper cover layer and the hydrate layer is reduced from large to small.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the high pressure simulation system further includes a high pressure pump, the high pressure pump is connected to each of the inflator devices through high pressure inflation hoses, and a main air pressure meter and a main flow meter are disposed on the high pressure inflation hose of the main path, and are used for monitoring the pressure and the flow speed of the gas output by the high pressure pump; the high-pressure inflation hose of each branch is provided with a branch air pressure meter and a branch flow meter which are used for monitoring the gas pressure and the flow speed of the corresponding inflation device; the main pipe barometer, the main pipe flow meter, the branch pipe barometer and the branch pipe flow meter are respectively connected with corresponding data acquisition interfaces of the multi-channel data acquisition instrument through respective data transmission lines; and an inflation hose protection pipe is sleeved outside the high-pressure inflation hose.
In the above technical solution, it is further preferable that the inflator includes a support shell, a dendritic hose passage is provided in the support shell in the up-down direction, and the high-pressure inflation hose can penetrate out along any hose passage, so that a gas outlet of the high-pressure inflation hose is always in a vertical state; the middle of the supporting shell is of a hollow structure, and a transparent glass window is arranged at the hollow part, so that the high-pressure inflating hose can conveniently change a hose channel.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the earthquake simulation system includes a controller, an oil pump, an electrohydraulic servo valve, a hydraulic vibration exciter, a base assembly, an acceleration sensor, a displacement sensor, and a data modem, wherein the controller is electrically connected to the electrohydraulic servo valve, the data modem, and a test decision system, respectively, and the controller is configured to receive an earthquake waveform command sent by the test decision system and send an earthquake excitation data parameter to the electrohydraulic servo valve, and simultaneously receive data fed back by the data modem and compare the data with the earthquake waveform command sent by the test decision system, determine whether the two are consistent in real time, and send the inconsistent condition to the electrohydraulic servo valve for adjustment; the electro-hydraulic servo valve is connected to an oil path between an outlet of the oil pump and the hydraulic vibration exciter, and the flow and the pressure supplied to the oil path by the oil pump are regulated and controlled by the controller, so that the vibration amplitude and the vibration speed of the hydraulic vibration exciter are regulated and controlled; the bottom of the hydraulic vibration exciter is arranged on the base assembly with the adjustable inclination angle, so that the inclination angle of the hydraulic vibration exciter is consistent with that of the protection frame; the top of the hydraulic vibration exciter is provided with a vibration exciter frame buffer block which is tightly matched with the seismic excitation action block of the protective frame; the acceleration sensor and the displacement sensor are positioned at the upper part of the hydraulic vibration exciter and are used for monitoring and feeding back seismic parameters generated by the seismic simulation system; the acceleration sensor and the displacement sensor are respectively connected with the data modem through respective data transmission lines, and the seismic parameter data are decrypted by the data modem and then transmitted to the controller, and simultaneously transmitted to the test decision system through a modem bus for display and storage.
In the above technical solution, it is further preferred that the hydraulic vibration exciter includes a hydraulic cavity, a hydraulic rod, a conical slider connecting member, a supporting sleeve, a spherical connecting member, and an upright rod; the hydraulic rod is positioned in the hydraulic cavity and is driven to stretch out and draw back through the change of oil pressure in the hydraulic cavity so as to drive the hydraulic vibration exciter to vibrate; the end part of the hydraulic rod is connected with a conical slider connecting piece, the supporting sleeve is positioned between the conical slider connecting piece and the spherical connecting piece, the bottom of the supporting sleeve is matched and abutted with the conical slider connecting piece, a ball head of the spherical connecting piece is movably mounted on the inner side of the top of the supporting sleeve, the supporting sleeve can move along a connecting shaft of the spherical connecting piece along with the abutting action of the hydraulic rod to provide proper buffering for the hydraulic vibration exciter, and the top of the spherical connecting piece is connected with a vibration exciter frame buffer block; the periphery of the hydraulic cavity is provided with vertical rods, and the vertical rods are used for providing sufficient axial rigidity for the hydraulic vibration exciter in a power area.
In the above technical solution, it is further preferable that the base assembly includes a base, a pad group and a connecting seat, the base is fixed on a foundation, the pad group is located between the base and the connecting seat, and the pad group is formed by stacking a plurality of pads in sequence from top to bottom, and is used for adjusting the number of pads according to the inclination angle of the protection frame; the base, the cushion block group and the connecting seat are respectively provided with fixing holes with mutually corresponding positions, the base, the cushion block group and the connecting seat are fixedly connected through anchoring screws penetrating through the fixing holes, the base and the cushion block group are respectively provided with connecting holes mutually corresponding to each other, and the base and the cushion block group are fixedly connected through the anchoring screws penetrating through the connecting holes and nuts.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the monitoring system includes a soil pressure gauge, a pore water pressure gauge, a multipoint displacement gauge and a high-speed camera, and the soil pressure gauge, the pore water pressure gauge and the multipoint displacement gauge are all located in a hydrate layer of the test layered rock and soil, are located at two sides of a central axis in a direction from a frame height fixed end to a frame height movable end, and are symmetrically and uniformly arranged; the soil pressure gauge, the pore water pressure gauge and the multipoint displacement gauge are respectively connected with corresponding data acquisition interfaces of the multichannel data acquisition instrument through respective data transmission lines; the high-speed camera is positioned on the outer side of the protective frame at the fixed end side of the frame height, and is arranged on the camera bracket through a connecting bolt and used for recording and observing the change form of the test layered rock soil;
the outer sides of the data transmission lines of the soil pressure gauge, the pore water pressure gauge and the multipoint displacement gauge are respectively provided with a data line protection shell, the data line protection shells respectively protect the data transmission lines of the soil pressure gauge, the pore water pressure gauge and the multipoint displacement gauge in respective cavities, and the data line protection shells are made of rubber hoses; and the multichannel data acquisition instrument transmits the acquired soil pressure of the soil pressure gauge, the acquired water pressure of the pore water pressure gauge and the acquired displacement of the multipoint displacement gauge to the test decision system through the data transmission bus of the acquisition instrument.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the testing device can intuitively display the whole process change rule of the underwater rock slope in a 360-degree all-around dead-angle-free manner; the angle control assembly, the internal inflating device and the simulated seismic exciter of the device have the inclination angle changing function, and can simulate the influence of vertical high air pressure and vertical seismic waves under different rock-soil side slope angles on the stability of the underwater rock-soil side slope; the rock-soil strength weakening and pore pressure increasing caused by hydrate decomposition are simulated by using a combination mode of an internal weakened rock-soil layer and external high-pressure gas, so that the influence of unstable decomposition of the hydrate on the test is reduced; the monitoring system combines various monitoring means and is assisted by the excitation action of an external earthquake simulation system to deduce the quantitative influence of various factors such as the slope angle of the soil body, the rock-soil strength parameter, the high air pressure, the earthquake acceleration and the like on the stability of the hydrate slope in the deep water environment. The test device has the advantages of modular assembly characteristics, clear logic, transparency, intuition, strong operability, adjustable model angle, adjustable model size, combinable analysis of various influence factors and the like.
2. When the testing device simulates the influence of high air pressure on the underwater rock slope, in order to reflect the weakening characteristic of the strength of a hydrate layer, the vertical rising characteristic of high-pressure gas and the difference of the decomposition position of the hydrate, the weakening characteristic and the high air pressure condition of the hydrate layer are ensured to be consistent with the actual performance by controlling the compactness of the rock and soil of the hydrate layer, the rotating angle of an inflating hose of an internal inflating device, the opening time and position of the internal inflating device and other factors; the size of a layering cushion block between a hydraulic vibration exciter and a base is constructed, so that the angle of the hydraulic vibration exciter of the earthquake simulation system is consistent with the change of the inclination angle of the transparent water tank; by combining internal multi-group rock-soil deformation and stress change monitoring data and the overall shape change condition of the rock-soil under an external visual angle, researchers can better understand the mechanism of slope instability caused by hydrate decomposition in the deep water environment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a test apparatus for simulating hydrate decomposition under the action of an earthquake to induce landslide and instability of a submarine slope provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a support assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a right angle shim of a support assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an anchor pad of the support assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a protection frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an angle control assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a structure at a rotating sleeve of an angle control assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a structure at the stationary sleeve of the angle control assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a transparent water tank provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a cone-shaped water stop inside a transparent water tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a test stratified rock soil provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-pressure simulation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of an inflator device of the high pressure simulation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a seismic modeling system provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 15 is an exploded view of a hydraulic vibration exciter of the seismic simulation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 16 is a schematic view of a structure of the cushion block set and the connecting seat provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a monitoring system, a multi-channel data acquisition instrument and a test decision system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a high-speed camera mounting structure of a monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a trial decision system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
10. a support assembly; 101. a support leg base; 102. a support leg; 103. a right-angle spacer; 104. a square gasket; 105. a connecting sleeve; 106. an anchor pad; 107. a movable leg; 108. a wedge-shaped support; 109. a stopper;
20. A protective frame; 201. a frame bottom stringer; 202. a frame bottom cross member; 203. a frame upright; 204. a frame top stringer; 205. a frame top cross member; 206. reinforcing the beam; 207. a seismic excitation action block; 208. a reinforcing block; 209. a frame height movable end; 210. a frame height fixing end;
30. an angle control assembly; 301. an angle adjusting plate; 302. a card slot; 303. an arc-shaped channel; 304. a connecting rod; 305. rotating the sleeve; 306. a ball bearing; 307. a support shaft; 308. fixing the sleeve; 309. inserting a rod; 310. fixing the rod;
40. a transparent water tank; 401. a water tank bottom plate; 402. a longitudinal side plate of the water tank; 403. a horizontal side plate of the water tank; 404. side bonding strips; 405. a bottom plate longitudinal bonding strip; 406. a bottom plate transverse bonding strip; 407. a water tank vent; 408. a tapered water stop pad;
50. testing layered rock soil; 501. a base layer; 502. a hydrate layer; 503. an upper cladding layer; 504. a water layer;
60. a high pressure simulation system; 601. an inflator; 602. a protection pipe for an inflation hose; 603. a branch tube barometer; 604. a branch flow meter; 605. a high-pressure pump; 606. a main gas pressure meter; 607. a main flow meter; 608. a barometer data transmission line; 609. a flow meter data transmission line; 610. a high pressure pneumatic hose; 611. a hose passage; 612. a gas outlet; 613. a transparent glass window;
70. A seismic simulation system; 701. a base; 702. a connecting seat; 703. a hydraulic vibration exciter; 704. a vibration exciter frame buffer block; 705. an acceleration sensor; 706. a displacement sensor; 707. an acceleration data transmission line; 708. a displacement data transmission line; 709. a cushion block group; 710. an oil pump; 711. a controller; 712. an electro-hydraulic servo valve; 713. an oil path; 714. a data modem; 715. a controller connecting wire; 716. a modem bus; 717. a hydraulic cavity; 718. erecting a rod; 719. a conical slider link; 720. a spherical connecting member; 721. a connecting hole of the connecting seat; 722. a connecting seat fixing hole; 723. an anchor screw and a nut; 724. a base fixing hole; 725. a first cushion block; 726. a second cushion block; 727. a cushion block III; 728. a cushion block IV; 729. a cushion block V; 730. a cushion block six; 731. cushion block connecting holes; 732. cushion block fixing holes; 733. a hydraulic lever; 734. a support sleeve;
80. a monitoring system; 801. a soil pressure gauge; 802. a pore water pressure gauge; 803. a multipoint displacement meter; 804. a soil pressure data transmission line; 805. pore water pressure data transmission line; 806. a multi-point displacement data transmission line; 807. a soil pressure data line protective housing; 808. a pore water pressure data line protective shell; 809. a multipoint displacement data line protective housing; 810. a high-speed camera; 811. a camera mount; 812. a connecting bolt;
90. A multi-channel data acquisition instrument; 901. a barometer data acquisition interface; 902. a flow meter data acquisition interface; 903. a soil pressure data acquisition interface; 904. a pore water pressure data acquisition interface; 905. a multipoint displacement data acquisition interface; 906. an output port of an acquisition instrument data bus; 907. an acquisition instrument data transmission bus;
100. a trial decision system; 1001. an office table; 1002. a notebook computer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Referring to fig. 1 to 19, the present embodiment provides a testing apparatus for simulating hydrate decomposition induced collapse and instability of a submarine slope under earthquake action, including: the device comprises a supporting component 10, a protective frame 20, an angle control component 30, a transparent water tank 40, a test layered rock soil 50, a high-pressure simulation system 60, a seismic simulation system 70, a monitoring system 80, a multi-channel data acquisition instrument 90 and a test decision system 100.
A support component 10, wherein the support component 10 is positioned at the lowest part of the whole device; the stability of the whole device is ensured, and a placing space is provided for other equipment.
The protection frame 20 is positioned above the supporting component 10 and supported by the supporting component 10, one end of the protection frame 20 is a frame height fixed end 210, and the other end is a frame height movable end 209.
The angle control assemblies 30 are positioned on two sides of the protection frame 20 and above the support assembly 10, and are symmetrically arranged; the angle control assembly 30 is rotatably connected with the protection frame 20 at the frame height fixing end 210 side, the angle control assembly 30 is mounted on the support assembly 10 and is fixedly connected with the protection frame 20 at the frame height moving end 209 side, and the inclination angle of the protection frame 20 is adjusted by adjusting the angle control assembly 30.
The transparent water tank 40 is positioned inside the protective frame 20, and the transparent water tank 40 is in clearance fit with the protective frame 20; the transparent water tank 40 is provided with 4 water tank vents 407 on the bottom central longitudinal axis, and the water tank vents 407 are used for allowing the high air pressure simulation system 60 to penetrate and extend into the test stratified rock soil 50.
And testing the layered rock soil 50, wherein the testing layered rock soil 50 is distributed in the transparent water tank 40 in a multi-layer state along the height direction and covers under water.
High atmospheric pressure analog system 60, high atmospheric pressure analog system 60 includes a plurality of aerating device 601, aerating device 601 set up in water tank air vent 407 department to arrange along the axis of frame height stiff end 210 to frame height expansion end 209 direction, aerating device 601's gas outlet 612 is arranged in experimental layered ground 50's hydrate layer 502, gas outlet 612 angle can be adjusted and be vertical state all the time for provide the high atmospheric pressure of vertical rising for experimental layered ground 50.
The seismic simulation system 70 is positioned below the protective frame 20 and is abutted against the bottom of the protective frame 20, and is used for providing seismic excitation for the test stratified rock soil 50; the seismic simulation system 70 is angularly adjustable and has an inclination angle that is consistent with the inclination angle of the protective frame 20, so that the seismic excitation provided by the seismic simulation system 70 is always perpendicular to the test stratified rock-soil 50.
The monitoring system 80 is used for monitoring the soil pressure, the pore water pressure, the multi-point displacement and the change form of the test layered rock soil 50;
the multi-channel data acquisition instrument 90 is used for acquiring air pressure data and flow data of the high-air-pressure simulation system 60, soil pressure data, pore water pressure data and multipoint displacement data of the monitoring system 80 and transmitting the acquired data to the test decision system 100 through an acquisition instrument data transmission bus 907;
and the test decision system 100 is connected with the data bus output port 906 of the acquisition instrument 90 of the multichannel data acquisition instrument, the controller 711 of the seismic simulation system 70 and the data modem 714, and is used for sending instructions, collecting data, displaying data and storing data of the whole test device. The trial decision system 100 of this embodiment includes a lower desk 1001 and an upper notebook computer 1002, and the trial decision system 100 is located on the side of the longitudinal beam of the protection frame 20.
Specifically, the supporting assembly 10 includes supporting legs 102 and supporting leg seats 101 welded to the bottoms of the supporting legs 102, in this embodiment, the number of the supporting legs 102 is 7, 5 of the supporting legs 102 are used for supporting the protection frame 20, and the remaining 2 supporting the angle control assembly 30; the supporting leg 102 bears most of the load of the whole test device, and a round steel pipe with the thickness exceeding 10mm is used for the supporting leg 102 so as to ensure the rigidity of the supporting leg 102; the thickness of the supporting leg base 101 is not less than 10 mm. A right-angle gasket 103 connected with the protection frame 20 is arranged at the top of the supporting leg 102 at the side of the frame height fixing end 210; the right-angle gasket 103 is provided with a stopper 109 and a wedge-shaped support 108, the wedge-shaped support 108 and the stopper 109 are anchored on the right-angle gasket 103, a right angle matched with the edge of the protection frame 20 is formed between the stopper 109 and the wedge-shaped support 108, and the stopper 109 and the wedge-shaped support 108 can be replaced according to the inclination angle of the protection frame 20, so that the movement of the frame height fixing end 210 is limited. The top of the supporting leg 102 at the side of the frame height movable end 209 and under the protection frame 20 is provided with a plurality of movable legs 107 which have different heights and are used for supporting the protection frame 20 with different inclination angles, the movable legs 107 and the supporting leg 102 are connected with each other through threads of a connecting sleeve 105, each movable leg 107 comprises an external thread, the top end of the supporting leg 102 at the position comprises an external thread, the connecting sleeve 105 comprises an internal thread, the supporting leg 102 and each movable leg 107 are connected through the internal thread of the connecting sleeve 105, and the inclination angles of the protection frame 20 are adjusted by adding the movable legs 107 with different lengths. The top of the topmost movable leg 107 is provided with an anchor gasket 106 connected with the protection frame 20, and the anchor gasket 106 and a reinforcing block 208 at the corner of the protection frame 20 are fixed through holes by a perforated anchor bolt and a perforated nut. On the top of the support leg 102 on the side of the frame height free end 209 and directly below the angle control assembly 30, a square gasket 104 is provided to connect with the angle control assembly 30, the square gasket 104 having a suitable area to reduce the pressure of the angle control assembly 30 on the support leg 102 below.
The protection frame 20 comprises a square frame body consisting of 12 ribs and used for loading the transparent water tank 40 and reinforcing beams 206 arranged at the bottom of the square frame body, seismic excitation action blocks 207 are arranged on the reinforcing beams 206, reinforcing blocks 208 are welded at four corners of the bottom of the square frame body respectively, and the reinforcing blocks 208 are used for enhancing the integral rigidity of the protection frame 20. In this embodiment, the square frame body is composed of a frame bottom longitudinal beam 201 and a frame bottom cross beam 202 which are positioned at the bottom, a frame upright column 203 which is positioned at the middle, and a frame top longitudinal beam 204 and a frame top cross beam 205 which are positioned at the top; the frame bottom longitudinal beams 201, the frame bottom cross beams 202, the frame upright posts 203, the frame top longitudinal beams 204 and the frame top cross beams 205 are made of thick and large-angle steel with the thickness exceeding 5mm to form a square frame main body; the seismic excitation action block 207 is welded to the reinforcing beam 206 as a whole, and is used for enhancing the overall rigidity of the protective frame 20 under the action of an earthquake and relieving the impact of lower part excitation on the transparent water tank 40. The protection frame 20 is connected with the lower support assembly 10 at the fixed frame height end 210 through a right-angle gasket 103 and a stop 109 and a wedge-shaped support 108 arranged on the right-angle gasket 103, and at the movable frame height end 209 through a perforated anchor bolt and a nut.
The angle control assembly 30 comprises an angle adjusting plate 301, a connecting rod 304 and a clamping groove fixer, an arc-shaped channel 303 and a plurality of clamping grooves 302 are formed in the angle adjusting plate 301, the clamping grooves 302 are located on two sides of the arc-shaped channel 303 and used for adjusting the connecting rod 304 to enable the connecting rod 304 to be different in angle with a horizontal line, such as 0 degrees, 5 degrees, 10 degrees, 15 degrees, 20 degrees, 25 degrees and 30 degrees. A rotating sleeve 305 is connected to the end of the connecting rod 304 at the frame height fixing end 210 side, a ball 306 and a supporting shaft 307 are installed in the rotating sleeve 305, the ball 306 is installed between the supporting shaft 307 and the rotating sleeve 305, and one end of the supporting shaft 307 is fixed at the bottom of the protection frame 20, so that the resistance of the connecting rod 304 rotating around the central line of the supporting shaft 307 is reduced; a fixed sleeve 308 is connected to the end part of the connecting rod 304 at the side of the frame height movable end 209, and one end of the fixed sleeve 308 is fixed at the bottom of the protection frame 20; the card slot fixer is of a T-shaped structure and comprises an inserting rod 309 and a fixing rod 310, one end of the inserting rod 309 is fixedly welded with the fixing rod 310, the inserting rod 309 of the card slot fixer can penetrate through an arc-shaped channel 303 to be inserted into a fixing sleeve 308, the fixing rod 310 is placed in the card slot 302, and the connecting rod 304 is controlled to be 0 degree, 5 degrees, 10 degrees, 15 degrees, 20 degrees, 25 degrees and 30 degrees with a horizontal line by moving the position of the card slot fixer.
The transparent water tank 40 comprises a square water tank body which is composed of 5 transparent acrylic plates and is used for loading test layered rock soil 50 and water, and is provided with an opening at the top, and a bonding strip which is positioned on the inner side of the square water tank body and is adhered between every two transparent acrylic plates. In this embodiment, the transparent water tank 40 includes a water tank bottom plate 401, a water tank longitudinal side plate 402, a water tank lateral side plate 403, a bottom plate longitudinal bonding strip 405, a bottom plate lateral bonding strip 406, and a side bonding strip 404; the water tank bottom plate 401, the water tank longitudinal side plate 402 and the water tank transverse side plate 403 form a square water tank main body by using transparent acrylic plates with the thickness not less than 18 mm; the bottom plate longitudinal bonding strip 405, the bottom plate transverse bonding strip 406 and the side bonding strip 404 are respectively bonded between the water tank longitudinal side plate 402 and the water tank bottom plate 401, between the water tank transverse side plate 403 and the water tank bottom plate 401, and between the water tank longitudinal side plate 402 and the water tank transverse side plate 403 by using special acrylic transparent glue. Be provided with big end down's toper sealing washer 408 in the water tank air vent 407, toper sealing washer 408 lower part outer wall is hugged closely water tank air vent 407 inner wall, toper sealing washer 408 is inside to be equipped with cylindrical through-hole, and inside through-hole closely wraps up high atmospheric pressure simulation system 60's high pressure air hose 610, with high pressure air hose 610 interference fit.
The test layered rock-soil 50 comprises a base layer 501, a hydrate layer 502 and an upper covering layer 503 from bottom to top, and the test layered rock-soil 50 covers under a water layer 504; the base layer 501, hydrate layer 502, and upper cover layer 503 each have different thicknesses, and the thicknesses of the individual layers remain the same throughout; the thickness of the water layer 504 is adjusted according to the depth of the simulated side slope water; the strength of the base layer 501, the upper covering layer 503 and the hydrate layer 502 is reduced from large to small, and the effect of simulating interlayer strength reduction caused by hydrate decomposition is achieved.
The high-pressure simulation system 60 comprises 4 air charging devices 601 and a high-pressure pump 605, wherein the air charging devices 601 are arranged at the positions of the water tank vent holes 407 and are uniformly arranged along the central axis in the direction from the frame height fixed end 210 to the frame height movable end 209; the high-pressure pump 605 is located in a space region formed by the support assembly 10, the high-pressure pump 605 is connected with each inflation device 601 through a high-pressure inflation hose 610, and a main gas pressure meter 606 and a main flow meter 607 are arranged on the high-pressure inflation hose 610 of the main path and are used for monitoring the pressure and the flow speed of the gas output by the high-pressure pump 605; the high-pressure inflation hose 610 of each branch is provided with a branch pressure gauge 603 and a branch flow meter 604, which are used for monitoring the gas pressure and the flow speed of the corresponding inflation device 601; the main pipe barometer 606, the main pipe flow meter 607, the branch pipe barometer 603 and the branch pipe flow meter 604 are respectively connected with corresponding data acquisition interfaces of the multi-channel data acquisition instrument 90 through respective data transmission lines.
The barometer data acquisition interface 901 and the flow meter data acquisition interface 902 are positioned on the multichannel data acquisition instrument 90; the barometer data transmission line 608 and the flow meter data transmission line 609 transmit the barometer data and the flow meter data to the corresponding barometer data acquisition interface 901 and the flow meter data acquisition interface 902, and transmit the barometer data and the flow meter data to the notebook computer 1002 through the acquisition instrument data transmission bus 907 of the acquisition instrument data bus output port 906.
The high-pressure inflating hose 610 is sleeved with an inflating hose protecting pipe 602, the high-pressure inflating hose 610 is placed inside the inflating hose protecting pipe 602, the high-pressure inflating hose 610 is better protected, and the high-pressure inflating hose 610 is connected to the high-pressure pump 605.
The inflating device 601 comprises a supporting shell, a dendritic hose channel 611 is arranged in the supporting shell in the up-down direction, the high-pressure inflating hose 610 can penetrate through any hose channel 611, and a gas outlet 612 of the high-pressure inflating hose 610 is always in a vertical state; the gas outlet 612 of the high pressure gas-filled hose 610 is positioned in the hydrate layer 502 of the test stratified rock-soil 50, and is used for providing a vertically ascending high gas pressure to the test stratified rock-soil 50. The middle of the supporting shell is of a hollow structure, and a transparent glass window 613 is arranged at the hollow part, so that the high-pressure inflating hose 610 can change a hose channel 611 conveniently. The inclination angle of the high pressure gas hose 610 through the hose channel 611 is adjusted according to the slope angle of the test stratified rock soil 50 through the transparent glass window 613, such as: 0 °, 5 °, 10 °, 15 °, 20 °, 25 ° and 30 °, ensuring that the hose channel 611 is in a vertical state when tested at different ramp angles.
The earthquake simulation system 70 is positioned in a space area formed by the support component 10 at the lower part, the earthquake simulation system 70 comprises a controller 711, an oil pump 710, an electro-hydraulic servo valve 712, a hydraulic vibration exciter 703, a base component, an acceleration sensor 705, a displacement sensor 706 and a data modem 714, the controller 711 is respectively electrically connected with the electro-hydraulic servo valve 712, the data modem 714 and the test decision making system 100, the controller 711 receives an earthquake waveform command sent by the test decision making system 100 through a controller connecting line 715 and sends earthquake excitation data parameters to the electro-hydraulic servo valve 712, and simultaneously receives data fed back by the data modem 714 and compares the data with the earthquake waveform command sent by the test decision making system 100 to judge whether the two are consistent in real time, and sends the inconsistent condition to the electro-hydraulic servo valve 712 for adjustment; the electrohydraulic servo valve 712 is connected to an oil path 713 between an outlet of the oil pump 710 and the hydraulic vibration exciter 703, and the electrohydraulic servo valve 712 is controlled by the controller 711 to regulate and control the flow and pressure supplied by the oil pump 710 to the oil path 713, so as to regulate and control the amplitude and speed of vibration of the hydraulic vibration exciter 703; the bottom of the hydraulic vibration exciter 703 is mounted on a base assembly with an adjustable inclination angle, so that the inclination angle of the hydraulic vibration exciter 703 is consistent with that of the protection frame 20; the top of the hydraulic vibration exciter 703 is provided with a vibration exciter frame buffer block 704 which is tightly matched with the seismic excitation action block 207 of the protective frame 20; the acceleration sensor 705 and the displacement sensor 706 are located at the upper part of the hydraulic vibration exciter 703 and are used for monitoring and feeding back the seismic parameters generated by the seismic simulation system 70; the acceleration sensor 705 is connected with the data modem 714 through an acceleration data transmission line 707, the displacement sensor 706 is connected with the data modem 714 through a displacement data transmission line 708, the seismic parameter data is decrypted through the data modem 714 and then transmitted to the controller 711, and meanwhile, the seismic parameter data is transmitted to the test decision system 100 through a modem bus 716 to be displayed and stored.
The hydraulic vibration exciter 703 comprises a hydraulic cavity 717, a hydraulic rod 733, a conical sliding block connecting piece 719, a supporting sleeve 734, a spherical connecting piece 720 and a vertical rod 718; the hydraulic rod 733 is located in the hydraulic cavity 717, and the hydraulic rod 733 is driven to stretch and retract through the change of oil pressure in the hydraulic cavity 717 so as to drive the hydraulic vibration exciter 703 to vibrate; the end of the hydraulic rod 733 is connected with a conical sliding block connecting piece 719, the supporting sleeve 734 is located between the conical sliding block connecting piece 719 and the spherical connecting piece 720, the bottom of the supporting sleeve 734 is in matched abutting connection with the conical sliding block connecting piece 719, a ball head of the spherical connecting piece 720 is movably mounted on the inner side of the top of the supporting sleeve 734, the supporting sleeve 734 can move along a connecting shaft of the spherical connecting piece 720 along with the urging of the hydraulic rod 733, the top of the spherical connecting piece 720 is connected with a vibration exciter frame buffer block 704, the conical sliding block connecting piece 719, the supporting sleeve 734 and the spherical connecting piece 720 are located between the vibration exciter hydraulic cavity 717 and the vibration exciter frame buffer block 704 from bottom to top, and a proper buffer is provided for the hydraulic vibration exciter 703 in a vibration region; a vertical rod 718 is disposed around the hydraulic cavity 717, and the vertical rod 718 is configured to provide sufficient axial rigidity to the hydraulic vibration exciter 703 in a power region.
The base assembly comprises a base 701, a cushion block group 709 and a connecting seat 702, wherein the base 701 is fixed on a foundation, the cushion block group 709 is positioned between the base 701 and the connecting seat 702, and the cushion block group 709 is formed by stacking a plurality of cushion blocks up and down in sequence and is used for adjusting the number of the cushion blocks according to the inclination angle of the protection frame 20; be provided with the fixed orifices that the position corresponds each other on base 701, the cushion group 709 and the connecting seat 702 respectively, base 701, cushion group 709 and connecting seat 702 are connected fixedly through the anchor screw that passes each fixed orifices, be provided with the connecting hole that corresponds each other on base 701, the cushion group 709 respectively, base 701, cushion group 709 are connected fixedly through the anchor screw and the nut 723 that pass each connecting hole.
In this embodiment, the connecting seat 702 is provided with a connecting seat connecting hole 721 and a connecting seat fixing hole 722, each of the pads is provided with a pad connecting hole 731 and a pad fixing hole 732, and the base 701 is provided with a base fixing hole 724. In this embodiment, the number of the connecting seat connecting holes 721 and the number of the pad connecting holes 731 on each pad are 4, and the connecting seat 702 is connected to each layer of pads by using an anchoring screw and a nut 723; the number of the connecting seat fixing holes 722, the cushion block fixing holes 732 of each cushion block and the base fixing holes 724 are respectively 2, and the base 701, the cushion block group 709 and the connecting seat 702 are fixedly connected by using an anchoring screw rod; since the top surface of the connecting seat 702 is changed into an inclined surface after the cushion block is added, in order to facilitate the connection and fixation, triangular gaskets are respectively disposed in the connecting seat fixing hole 722 and the connecting seat connecting hole 721 in the embodiment, and the top surfaces of the gaskets are horizontal, so as to facilitate the fixation of the anchor screw. The cushion set 709 comprises a first cushion block 725, a second cushion block 726, a third cushion block 727, a fourth cushion block 728, a fifth cushion block 729 and a sixth cushion block 730, the cushion sets are used when the angle control assembly 30 adjusts the included angles of 5 degrees, 10 degrees, 15 degrees, 20 degrees, 25 degrees and 30 degrees with the horizontal plane, and the cushion sets are distributed from bottom to top in sequence, so that the inclination angle of the hydraulic vibration exciter 703 is consistent with the inclination angle of the protection frame 20.
The monitoring system 80 comprises an earth pressure gauge 801, a pore water pressure gauge 802, a multi-point displacement gauge 803 and a high-speed camera 810, wherein the earth pressure gauge 801, the pore water pressure gauge 802 and the multi-point displacement gauge 803 are all positioned in a hydrate layer 502 of the test layered rock soil 50, positioned at two sides of a central axis in the direction from the frame height fixed end 210 to the frame height movable end 209 and symmetrically and uniformly arranged; the soil pressure gauge 801 is connected with a soil pressure data acquisition interface 903 of the multichannel data acquisition instrument 90 through a soil pressure data transmission line 804, the pore water pressure gauge 802 is connected with a pore water pressure data acquisition interface 904 of the multichannel data acquisition instrument 90 through a pore water pressure data transmission line 805, and the multipoint displacement gauge 803 is respectively connected with a multipoint displacement data acquisition interface 905 of the multichannel data acquisition instrument 90 through a multipoint displacement data transmission line 806. The high-speed camera 810 is positioned at the outer side of the protective frame 20 at the frame height fixing end 210 side, and the high-speed camera 810 is mounted on the camera bracket 811 through a connecting bolt 812 for recording and observing the change form of the test stratified rock soil 50.
The outer sides of the data transmission lines of the soil pressure gauge 801, the pore water pressure gauge 802 and the multipoint displacement gauge 803 are respectively provided with a data line protective shell, the soil pressure data line protective shell 807 protects the soil pressure data transmission line 804 in the cavity thereof, the pore water pressure data line protective shell 808 protects the pore water pressure data transmission line 805 in the cavity thereof, the multipoint displacement data line protective shell 809 protects the multipoint displacement data transmission line 806 in the cavity thereof, and the soil pressure data line protective shell 807, the pore water pressure data line protective shell 808 and the multipoint displacement data line protective shell 809 are all made of rubber hoses; the multichannel data acquisition instrument 90 transmits the acquired soil pressure of the soil pressure gauge 801, the water pressure of the pore water pressure gauge 802 and the displacement of the multipoint displacement gauge 803 to the notebook computer 1002 through an acquisition instrument data transmission bus 907 of the acquisition instrument data bus output port 906.
In conclusion, the testing device can intuitively display the change rule of the whole process of the underwater rock slope in a 360-degree all-around dead angle-free manner; the angle control assembly 30, the internal inflating device 601 and the simulated seismic exciter of the device have the inclination angle changing function, and can simulate the influence of vertical high air pressure and vertical seismic waves under different rock-soil side slope angles on the stability of an underwater rock-soil side slope; the rock-soil strength weakening and pore pressure increasing caused by hydrate decomposition are simulated by using a combination mode of an internal weakened rock-soil layer and external high-pressure gas, so that the influence of unstable decomposition of the hydrate on the test is reduced; the monitoring system 80 combines a plurality of monitoring means, and is assisted by the excitation action of the external earthquake simulation system 70, so that the quantitative influence of various factors such as the slope angle of the soil body, the rock-soil strength parameter, the high air pressure, the earthquake acceleration and the like on the stability of the hydrate slope in the deep water environment is deduced. The test device has the advantages of modular assembly characteristics, clear logic, transparency, intuition, strong operability, adjustable model angle, adjustable model size, combinable analysis of various influence factors and the like.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (13)

1. The utility model provides a hydrate decomposes test device that induces seabed side slope collapse unstability under simulation seismic action which characterized in that includes:
the supporting component is positioned at the lowest part of the whole device;
the protective frame is positioned above the supporting component and supported by the supporting component, one end of the protective frame is a frame height fixed end, and the other end of the protective frame is a frame height movable end;
the angle control assemblies are positioned on two sides of the protection frame and above the supporting assembly and are symmetrically arranged; the angle control assembly is rotatably connected with the protective frame at the side of the fixed frame height end, the angle control assembly is arranged on the support assembly and is fixedly connected with the protective frame at the side of the movable frame height end, and the inclination angle of the protective frame is adjusted by adjusting the angle control assembly;
the transparent water tank is positioned inside the protective frame and is in clearance fit with the protective frame; the middle of the bottom of the transparent water tank is provided with a plurality of water tank vent holes, and the water tank vent holes are used for enabling a high-air-pressure simulation system to penetrate through and extend into the test layered rock soil;
and testing layered rock soil, wherein the testing layered rock soil is distributed in the transparent water tank in a multilayer state along the height direction and covers under water.
A high-pressure simulation system for providing a vertically ascending high pressure to test a hydrate layer of a stratified rock-soil.
The seismic simulation system is positioned below the protective frame, is abutted against the bottom of the protective frame and is used for providing seismic excitation for testing layered rock soil; the angle of the earthquake simulation system can be adjusted, and the inclination angle of the earthquake simulation system is consistent with that of the protection frame, so that the earthquake excitation provided by the earthquake simulation system is always vertical to the test layered rock soil;
the monitoring system is used for monitoring the soil pressure, the pore water pressure, the multi-point displacement and the change form of the test layered rock soil;
the system comprises a multi-channel data acquisition instrument, a test decision-making system and a data processing system, wherein the multi-channel data acquisition instrument is used for acquiring air pressure data and flow data of a high-air-pressure simulation system, soil pressure data, pore water pressure data and multipoint displacement data of a monitoring system and transmitting the acquired data to the test decision-making system;
and the test decision system is respectively connected with the controller and the data modem of the earthquake simulation system and the bus output port of the multichannel data acquisition instrument and is used for sending instructions, collecting data, displaying data and storing data of the whole test device.
2. The test device for inducing landslide and instability of a submarine slope through decomposition of hydrates under simulation of earthquake according to claim 1, wherein the support assembly comprises a support leg and a support leg seat installed at the bottom of the support leg, and a right-angle gasket connected with a protective frame is arranged at the top of the support leg at the fixed end side of the height of the frame; a plurality of movable support legs which are different in height and used for supporting the protection frame with different inclination angles are arranged on the top of the support leg which is positioned on the side of the movable end of the height of the frame and under the protection frame, the movable support legs and the support leg are connected through connecting sleeves in a threaded manner, and the top of the movable support leg at the topmost part is provided with an anchoring gasket connected with the protection frame; and a square gasket connected with the angle control assembly is arranged at the top of the supporting leg on the side of the movable end of the height of the frame and positioned right below the angle control assembly.
3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the right-angle spacer is provided with a block and a wedge-shaped support, the block and the wedge-shaped support form a right angle with the corner of the protection frame, and the block and the wedge-shaped support are replaced according to the inclination angle of the protection frame.
4. The apparatus for simulating the experiment of inducing the landslide and the instability of a submarine slope due to the decomposition of hydrates under the action of earthquake as claimed in claim 1, wherein the protection frame comprises a square frame body consisting of 12 ribs for loading a transparent water tank and a reinforcing beam installed at the bottom of the square frame body, the reinforcing beam is provided with an earthquake excitation action block, and reinforcing blocks are respectively arranged at four corners of the bottom of the square frame body.
5. The device for testing the collapse of the submarine slope caused by the decomposition of the hydrates under the simulated earthquake action according to claim 1, wherein the angle control assembly comprises an angle adjusting plate, a connecting rod and a clamping groove fixer, the angle adjusting plate is provided with an arc-shaped channel and a plurality of clamping grooves, and the clamping grooves are positioned on two sides of the arc-shaped channel and used for adjusting the connecting rod to enable the connecting rod to form different angles with the horizontal line; the end part of the connecting rod at the fixed end side of the height of the frame is connected with a rotating sleeve, a ball and a supporting shaft are arranged in the rotating sleeve, the ball is arranged between the supporting shaft and the rotating sleeve, and one end of the supporting shaft is fixed at the bottom of the protective frame; the end part of the connecting rod at the high movable end side of the frame is connected with a fixed sleeve, and one end of the fixed sleeve is fixed at the bottom of the protective frame; the clamping groove fixer is of a T-shaped structure and comprises an inserting rod and a fixed rod, one end of the inserting rod is fixed with the fixed rod, the inserting rod of the clamping groove fixer can penetrate through an arc-shaped channel to be inserted into the fixing sleeve, and the fixed rod is arranged in the clamping groove.
6. The device for testing the collapse of the submarine side slope caused by the decomposition of the hydrates under the effect of the simulated earthquake as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transparent water tank comprises a square water tank main body which is composed of 5 transparent acrylic plates and used for loading test layered rock soil and water, the top of the square water tank main body is provided with an opening, and a bonding strip is arranged on the inner side of the square water tank main body and is bonded between every two transparent acrylic plates, a tapered water stop pad with a small upper part and a large lower part is arranged in the water tank vent hole, the outer wall of the lower part of the tapered water stop pad is tightly attached to the inner wall of the water tank vent hole, a through hole is formed in the tapered water stop pad, and the high-pressure inflation hose of the high-pressure simulation system is tightly wrapped by the through hole.
7. The test device for simulating hydrate decomposition induced submarine slope collapse instability under the action of earthquake according to claim 1, wherein the test layered rock soil comprises a base layer, a hydrate layer and an upper covering layer from bottom to top, and the test layered rock soil covers under the water layer; the thicknesses of the base layer, the hydrate layer and the upper covering layer are different, and the thicknesses of the single layer are kept the same; the thickness of the water layer is adjusted according to the depth of the simulated side slope water; the strength of the base layer, the upper cover layer and the hydrate layer is reduced from large to small.
8. The device for simulating the hydrate decomposition induced collapse instability of the submarine slope under the action of an earthquake according to claim 1, wherein the high-pressure simulation system further comprises a high-pressure pump, the high-pressure pump is respectively connected with the inflation devices through high-pressure inflation hoses, and a main pipe air pressure meter and a main pipe flow meter are arranged on the high-pressure inflation hoses of the main circuit and used for monitoring the pressure and the flow speed of the gas output by the high-pressure pump; branch pipe barometers and branch pipe flow meters are arranged on the high-pressure inflation hoses of all the branches and used for monitoring the gas pressure and the flow speed of the corresponding inflation devices; the main pipe barometer, the main pipe flow meter, the branch pipe barometer and the branch pipe flow meter are respectively connected with corresponding data acquisition interfaces of the multichannel data acquisition instrument through respective data transmission lines; and an inflating hose protecting pipe is sleeved outside the high-pressure inflating hose.
9. The device for simulating the hydrate decomposition induced collapse and instability of the seabed slope under the action of the earthquake as claimed in claim 8, wherein the inflation device comprises a support shell, dendritic hose passages are arranged in the support shell in the up-down direction, the high-pressure inflation hose can penetrate out along any hose passage, so that a gas outlet of the high-pressure inflation hose is always in a vertical state; the middle of the supporting shell is of a hollow structure, and a transparent glass window is arranged at the hollow part, so that the high-pressure inflating hose can conveniently change a hose channel.
10. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the earthquake simulation system comprises a controller, an oil pump, an electrohydraulic servo valve, a hydraulic vibration exciter, a base assembly, an acceleration sensor, a displacement sensor and a data modem, the controller is electrically connected to the electrohydraulic servo valve, the data modem and the test decision system, the controller is used for receiving the earthquake waveform command from the test decision system and sending the earthquake exciting data parameter to the electrohydraulic servo valve, and meanwhile, the controller receives the data fed back by the data modem and compares the data with the earthquake waveform command from the test decision system, and judges whether the two are consistent in real time, and sends the inconsistent condition to the electrohydraulic servo valve for adjustment; the electro-hydraulic servo valve is connected to an oil path between an outlet of the oil pump and the hydraulic vibration exciter, and the flow and the pressure supplied to the oil path by the oil pump are regulated and controlled by the controller, so that the vibration amplitude and the vibration speed of the hydraulic vibration exciter are regulated and controlled; the bottom of the hydraulic vibration exciter is arranged on a base assembly with an adjustable inclination angle, so that the inclination angle of the hydraulic vibration exciter is consistent with that of the protection frame; the top of the hydraulic vibration exciter is provided with a vibration exciter frame buffer block which is tightly matched with the seismic excitation action block of the protection frame; the acceleration sensor and the displacement sensor are positioned at the upper part of the hydraulic vibration exciter and are used for monitoring and feeding back seismic parameters generated by the seismic simulation system; the acceleration sensor and the displacement sensor are respectively connected with the data modem through respective data transmission lines, and the seismic parameter data are decrypted by the data modem and then transmitted to the controller, and simultaneously transmitted to the test decision system through a modem bus for display and storage.
11. The device for simulating the test of inducing the landslide and the instability of the submarine slope due to the decomposition of the hydrate under the earthquake according to claim 10, wherein the hydraulic vibration exciter comprises a hydraulic cavity, a hydraulic rod, a conical sliding block connecting piece, a supporting sleeve, a spherical connecting piece and a vertical rod; the hydraulic rod is positioned in the hydraulic cavity and is driven to stretch by the change of oil pressure in the hydraulic cavity so as to drive the hydraulic vibration exciter to vibrate; the end part of the hydraulic rod is connected with a conical slider connecting piece, the supporting sleeve is positioned between the conical slider connecting piece and the spherical connecting piece, the bottom of the supporting sleeve is matched and abutted with the conical slider connecting piece, a ball head of the spherical connecting piece is movably mounted on the inner side of the top of the supporting sleeve, the supporting sleeve can move along a connecting shaft of the spherical connecting piece along with the abutting action of the hydraulic rod to provide proper buffering for the hydraulic vibration exciter, and the top of the spherical connecting piece is connected with a vibration exciter frame buffering block; the periphery of the hydraulic cavity is provided with vertical rods, and the vertical rods are used for providing sufficient axial rigidity for the hydraulic vibration exciter in a power area.
12. The apparatus for simulating the hydrate decomposition induced collapse instability of a submarine slope under the action of earthquake according to claim 10, wherein the base assembly comprises a base, a cushion block set and a connecting seat, the base is fixed on the foundation, the cushion block set is located between the base and the connecting seat, and the cushion block set is formed by stacking a plurality of cushion blocks up and down in sequence and is used for adjusting the number of the cushion blocks according to the inclination angle of the protective frame; the base, the cushion block group and the connecting seat are respectively provided with fixing holes with mutually corresponding positions, the base, the cushion block group and the connecting seat are fixedly connected through anchoring screws penetrating through the fixing holes, the base and the cushion block group are respectively provided with connecting holes mutually corresponding to each other, and the base and the cushion block group are fixedly connected through the anchoring screws penetrating through the connecting holes and nuts.
13. The device for simulating the collapse and instability of the submarine slope caused by the decomposition of the hydrate under the action of the earthquake as claimed in claim 1, wherein the monitoring system comprises a soil pressure gauge, a pore water pressure gauge, a multipoint displacement gauge and a high-speed camera, the soil pressure gauge, the pore water pressure gauge and the multipoint displacement gauge are all positioned in a hydrate layer of the test layered rock soil and are positioned at two sides of a central axis in the direction from the fixed height end of the frame to the movable height end of the frame and are symmetrically and uniformly arranged; the soil pressure gauge, the pore water pressure gauge and the multipoint displacement gauge are respectively connected with corresponding data acquisition interfaces of the multichannel data acquisition instrument through respective data transmission lines; the high-speed camera is positioned on the outer side of the protective frame at the side of the fixed height end of the frame, and is mounted on the camera bracket through a connecting bolt and used for recording and observing the change form of the test layered rock soil;
The data line protection shells are arranged on the outer sides of the respective data transmission lines of the soil pressure gauge, the pore water pressure gauge and the multipoint displacement gauge and respectively protect the data transmission lines of the soil pressure gauge, the pore water pressure gauge and the multipoint displacement gauge in respective cavities, and the data line protection shells are made of rubber hoses; and the multi-channel data acquisition instrument transmits the acquired soil pressure of the soil pressure gauge, the acquired water pressure of the pore water pressure gauge and the acquired displacement of the multi-point displacement gauge to the test decision system through the data transmission bus of the acquisition instrument.
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