CN114754020A - Compressor surge monitoring system and monitoring method based on intake noise characteristics - Google Patents
Compressor surge monitoring system and monitoring method based on intake noise characteristics Download PDFInfo
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- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compressor surge monitoring system based on intake noise characteristics, which comprises a compressor, wherein an intake noise test pipeline is arranged in front of the input of the compressor, a microphone array is arranged on the wall surface of the intake pipeline, and the microphone array is uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction and is connected with a signal acquisition module. The surge monitoring method of the invention is to process and obtain a sound pressure spectrogram according to the collected sound pressure data of the noise of the air inlet pipeline, carry out the surge early warning of the compressor according to the sound pressure change of the low frequency band, and realize the surge relief by reducing the rotating speed or increasing the opening of the outlet regulating valve of the compressor according to the comparison of the flow rate reduction speed and the pressure ratio reduction speed when the surge occurs. The invention provides the sound pressure data of the noise of the air inlet pipeline as the surge early warning characteristic index and provides the surge relieving control strategy, the early warning moment is earlier, the surge relieving is quicker, the system is easy to realize, and the method is simple, convenient and reliable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of compressors, in particular to a compressor surge monitoring system and a monitoring method based on intake noise characteristics.
Background
The flow phenomenon inside a modern compressor is complex, stall and surge are serious instability phenomena of the compressor when the compressor operates at a small flow rate under the influence of factors such as working condition change and the like, and are often accompanied by severe airflow parameter fluctuation and structural component vibration, and serious faults and stop of a unit can be caused. The severity of the consequences of stall and surge has become one of the core problems limiting the efficient operation of compressors over a wide range of operating conditions. Advanced compressor systems generally have actual requirements on wide-working-condition and high-performance operation, and effective and reliable surge early warning and anti-surge control methods are important points which must be paid attention to in order to ensure long-period stable operation and avoid stall or surge working conditions to the maximum extent.
The noise of compressor operation is derived from aerodynamic noise and structural noise, wherein aerodynamic noise caused by flow fields in the compressor is the main source of noise, and particularly for medium and high speed compressors, turbulent motion of the internal flow fields is more intense due to higher air flow speed and inlet local ultrasound, and the aerodynamic noise is more dominant. In actual operation, because a field noise source is complex, the conventional pipe orifice noise test is difficult to effectively separate out the aerodynamic noise, and the structural noise can be more effectively removed by measuring the noise in the pipe.
At present, surge early warning and anti-surge control of a compressor are generally based on monitoring of intake and exhaust pressure and flow data, and when a large-amplitude low-frequency component appears in the pulsation of the intake and exhaust pressure or the flow is smaller than a threshold value, an anti-surge emptying valve is started to realize anti-surge. Due to field clutter interference, the compressor often enters deep surge when the pressure has obvious low-frequency pulsation components in practice, false alarm often occurs when the flow threshold is set to be higher, and the existing method has poor effects on timely finding surge forewarning, realizing early surge early warning and anti-surge control.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a compressor surge monitoring system based on intake noise characteristics, which can find surge precursors in time and realize early warning of surge.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
the compressor surge monitoring system based on the intake noise characteristic is characterized in that a flow meter and an intake noise test pipeline are sequentially arranged on an input pipeline of a compressor along the input direction; a microphone array for acquiring sound pressure data is arranged on the wall surface of the air inlet noise test pipeline;
the system further comprises: the system comprises a signal acquisition module and a terminal control unit; the receiving end of the signal acquisition module is respectively connected with the flowmeter and the microphone array to respectively acquire the flow and sound pressure data of the compressor; the output end of the signal acquisition module is connected with the terminal control unit and sends the flow and sound pressure data of the compressor to the terminal control unit; and the terminal control unit is used for carrying out surge monitoring according to the flow and sound pressure data of the compressor.
Preferably, the compressor is connected with a motor; an air inlet pressure transmitter is arranged at the front end of the flowmeter along the input direction on an input pipeline of the compressor; an exhaust pressure transmitter and a regulating valve are sequentially arranged on an output pipeline of the compressor along the output direction;
the receiving end of the signal acquisition module is also connected with the air inlet pressure transmitter and the air exhaust pressure transmitter respectively, so as to obtain the air inlet pressure and the air exhaust pressure of the compressor respectively and send the air inlet pressure and the air exhaust pressure of the compressor to the terminal control unit; and the terminal control unit is connected with the motor and the regulating valve and is used for carrying out anti-surge control by controlling the rotating speed of the motor and the opening of the regulating valve.
Preferably, a throttle valve is further arranged at the front end of the air inlet pressure transmitter along the input direction on the input pipeline of the compressor; and the terminal control unit is connected with the throttle valve and used for controlling the opening of the throttle valve.
Preferably, the microphone array comprises a plurality of microphones, and the microphones are arranged on the inner wall surface of the air inlet noise test pipeline along the circumferential direction in a flush manner and are annularly arranged along the circumferential direction at equal angles; the axial distance between the microphone array and the inlet of the compressor is more than 3 times of the inner diameter of the pipeline.
Preferably, the number of the microphones of the microphone array ranges from 30 to 40.
Preferably, the distance between the discharge pressure transmitter and the outlet of the compressor is more than 5 times of the inner diameter of the pipeline.
Preferably, the surge monitoring comprises the steps of:
s11, the compressor is operated under the set working condition parameters, and the working condition parameters comprise: rotating speed n and flow m;
s12, the flowmeter acquires the flow m (t) of the compressor in real time, the microphone array acquires the sound pressure time domain data p (t) of the compressor in real time, and the signal acquisition module acquires the flow m (t) and the sound pressure time domain data p (t) of the compressor in real time and sends the flow m (t) and the sound pressure time domain data p (t) to the terminal control unit;
s13, the terminal control unit carries out frequency domain transformation on the sound pressure time domain data p (t) to obtain a sound pressure frequency spectrum p (f); wherein t represents time, f represents frequency, and p represents sound pressure value;
s14, the terminal control unit judges surge according to the flow m (t) and sound pressure frequency spectrum p (f) of the compressor,
if the flow m (t) is larger than the set threshold m of the corresponding rotating speed characteristic curvethrIf so, the compressor is in a stable operation state;
if the flow m (t) is less than the set threshold m of the corresponding speed characteristic curvethrAnd the sound pressure frequency spectrum p (f) does not exceed the fluctuation threshold value of the sound pressure value of the low frequency band, the compressor is in a critical stable operation state; wherein the low frequency band is the frequency f <δfrotFrequency band of (f)rotDelta is a scale factor less than 1 for compressor frequency conversion;
if the flow m (t) is less than the set threshold m of the corresponding speed characteristic curvethrAnd the sound pressure value of the sound pressure frequency spectrum p (f) in the low frequency band is increased and exceeds the set sound pressure threshold value, the compressor is judged to enter the surge working condition.
Preferably, the anti-surge control includes the steps of:
s21, the compressor is operated under the set working condition parameters, and the working condition parameters comprise: speed n, intake pressure piPressure p of exhaust gasdFlow rate m and pressure ratio epsilon ═ pd/pi；
S22, the air inlet pressure transmitter collects the air inlet pressure p of the compressor in real timei(t), the flowmeter acquires the flow m (t) of the compressor in real time, the microphone array acquires the sound pressure time domain data p (t) of the compressor in real time, and the exhaust pressure transmitter acquires the exhaust pressure p of the compressor in real timed(t) the signal acquisition module acquires the intake pressure p of the compressor in real timei(t), flow m (t), sound pressure time domain data p (t), exhaust pressure pd(t), and send to the terminal control unit;
s23, the terminal control unit carries out frequency domain transformation on the sound pressure time domain data p (t) to obtain a sound pressure frequency spectrum p (f); t represents time, f represents frequency, and p represents sound pressure value;
s24, the terminal control unit judges surge according to the flow m (t) and sound pressure frequency spectrum p (f) of the compressor,
If the flow m (t) is larger than the set threshold m of the corresponding speed characteristic curvethrIf so, the compressor is in a stable running state;
if the flow m (t) is less than the set threshold m of the corresponding speed characteristic curvethrAnd the sound pressure frequency spectrum p (f) does not exceed the fluctuation threshold value of the sound pressure value of the low frequency band, the compressor is in a critical stable operation state;
wherein, the low frequency band is the frequency f<δfrotFrequency band of (f)rotFor compressor frequency conversion, δ is a scale factor less than 1;
if the flow m (t) is less than the set threshold m of the corresponding speed characteristic curvethrAnd the sound pressure value of the sound pressure frequency spectrum p (f) in the low frequency range is increased and exceeds a set sound pressure threshold value, the condition that the compressor enters the surge working condition is judged, and the surge flow m when the compressor enters the surge working condition from the critical stable operation state is recordedcrSurge intake pressure picrSurge exhaust pressure pdcrSurge pressure ratio epsiloncr＝pdcr/picr；
S24, if the compressor is in a stable or critical stable operation state, the terminal control unit 10 outputs no control signal, that is, does not control the rotation speed of the motor and the opening of the regulating valve;
if the compressor enters surge condition and the flow rate decreases d (m (t)/mcr) The rate of pressure-specific decrease d (epsilon (t)/epsilon) is higher thancr) Dt, the terminal control unit sends out a control signal to reduce the rotating speed of the motor until the flow is larger than a set threshold value of a corresponding rotating speed characteristic curve;
Wherein epsilon (t) is pd(t)/pi(t)；
If the compressor enters surge condition and the flow rate decreases by a rate d (m (t)/mcr) The pressure ratio falling speed d (epsilon (t)/epsilon) is lower than the dtcr) The terminal control unit sends a control signal and increases the opening of the regulating valve until the flow is larger than the set threshold of the corresponding rotating speed characteristic curve;
if the compressor enters surge condition and the flow rate decreases d (m (t)/mcr) D is equal to the pressure-ratio falling speed d (epsilon (t)/epsiloncr) The terminal control unit sends out a control signal for reducing the rotation speed of the motor or increasing the opening of the regulating valve, and further according to the speed d (m (t)/m) of the flow rate reductioncr) The pressure ratio of d to the pressure ratio decrease rate d (ε (t)/εcr) And the corresponding control signal is sent out until the flow is larger than the set threshold of the corresponding rotating speed characteristic curve according to the magnitude relation of/dt.
Preferably, the terminal control unit controls the opening of the throttle valve and the regulating valve and the rotation speed of the motor to enable the compressor to operate under set working condition parameters, wherein the working condition parameters comprise: speed n, intake pressure piPressure p of exhaust gasdFlow rate m and pressure ratio epsilon ═ pd/pi。
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the compressor surge monitoring system based on the intake noise characteristics can accurately identify the sound pressure characteristic change in surge in time by monitoring the sound pressure data of the intake pipeline noise, and is favorable for realizing early warning of the surge working condition of the compressor.
(2) According to the invention, the microphone array is arranged on the wall surface of the air inlet pipeline, the noise characteristic in the pipeline is measured, and the influence of field structure noise can be effectively eliminated; the microphone is arranged flush with the inner wall of the pipeline, so that the interference to the flow field of the compressor is avoided, and the non-invasive measurement is realized; the microphones are arranged at equal angles along the circumferential direction, clutter signals can be effectively removed in a measuring mode of the annular array, the aura characteristics of sound pressure changes of different frequency bands before surge are accurately identified, and early warning of surge is realized.
(3) The air inlet noise test pipeline is arranged in front of the compressor, the axial position and the hole number of the microphone array arranged on the pipe wall can be adjusted according to the requirement of sound pressure measurement precision and the channel condition of the signal acquisition acoustic module, and compared with the method of directly installing the microphone array at the inlet of the casing of the compressor, the air inlet noise test pipeline does not need to improve the body structure of the compressor, and the adjustment of the scheme of the microphone array is easier to realize.
(4) The exhaust pressure transmitter is positioned above the inner diameter of the downstream pipeline of the outlet of the compressor, so that the full mixing of an upstream flow field is facilitated, and the high-frequency noise of pressure measurement is reduced.
(5) The compressor surge monitoring system based on the intake noise characteristic carries out surge early warning by measuring the sound pressure characteristic of the noise of the intake pipeline of the compressor, and determines the surge relief control strategy according to the comparison result of the flow and the pressure ratio descending speed when the surge occurs, the early warning moment is earlier, the surge relief is quicker, other operation logics are not needed to be added, the control decision is very reliable, the surge relief process is quicker, the system is easy to realize, and the method is simple, convenient and reliable.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a surge monitoring system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the compressor of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the compressor of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a microphone array of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the sound pressure spectrum for a surge condition and a critically stable operating condition of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a sound pressure time domain plot of the entering surge condition.
FIG. 7 is a time domain plot of intake pressure entering a surge condition.
FIG. 8 is a time domain comparison of intake air pressure exiting a surge condition based on the method of the present invention and a conventional method.
The corresponding relation between the reference numbers and the components in the figures is as follows:
1-a throttle valve; 2-an intake pressure transmitter; 3-a flow meter; 4-microphone array; 5-a compressor; 6-variable frequency motor; 7-an exhaust pressure transmitter; 8-adjusting valve; 9-a signal acquisition module; 10-a terminal control unit; 41-intake noise test duct.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a compressor surge monitoring system based on intake noise characteristics of the present invention includes a compressor 5; a throttle valve 1, an air inlet pressure transmitter 2, a flowmeter 3 and an air inlet noise test pipeline 41 are sequentially arranged on an input pipeline of the compressor 5 along the input direction, and a microphone array 4 is arranged on the wall surface of the air inlet noise test pipeline 41; an exhaust pressure transmitter 7 and an adjusting valve 8 are sequentially arranged on an output pipeline of the compressor 5 along the input direction; the compressor 5 is connected with an inverter motor 6. The surge monitoring system also comprises a signal acquisition module 9 and a terminal control unit 10; the receiving end of the signal acquisition module 9 is connected with the air inlet pressure transmitter 2, the flowmeter 3, the microphone array 4 and the exhaust pressure transmitter 7 to obtain the air inlet pressure, the flow, the sound pressure data and the exhaust pressure of the compressor 5; the output end of the signal acquisition module 9 is connected with the terminal control unit 10, and the air inlet pressure, the flow rate, the sound pressure data and the exhaust pressure of the compressor 5 are sent to the terminal control unit 10; and the terminal control unit 10 is connected with the throttle valve 1, the variable frequency motor 6 and the regulating valve 8 and is used for controlling the opening degrees of the throttle valve 1 and the regulating valve 8 and the rotating speed of the variable frequency motor 6.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the microphone array 4 includes a plurality of microphones, and the plurality of microphones are circumferentially flush mounted on the inner wall surface of the intake noise test pipe 41 and annularly arranged at equal angles in the circumferential direction; in this embodiment, the number of microphones in the microphone array 4 ranges from 30 to 40. The axial distance between the microphone array 4 and the inlet of the compressor 5 is more than 3 pipe inner diameters, namely the axial distance between the microphone array 4 and the inlet of the compressor 5 is more than 3 times of the pipe inner diameter. The invention adopts the annular microphone array to measure the multipoint sound pressure signal for processing, is favorable for eliminating clutter interference, and installs the air inlet noise test pipeline 41 in front of the compressor 5, thereby avoiding the direct opening of a microphone hole on a receiver of the compressor 5 and facilitating the adjustment of the microphone array form, the number of microphones and the axial position.
In the invention, the sound pressure data collected by the plurality of microphones are subjected to denoising treatment and abnormal rejection treatment by using the prior art, and finally the sound pressure data of the compressor 5 can be accurately obtained by using a related data processing method, such as an averaging method, in the prior art.
The exhaust pressure transmitter 7 is positioned above the inner diameters of 5 pipelines at the downstream of the outlet of the compressor, namely the distance between the exhaust pressure transmitter 7 and the outlet of the compressor 5 is more than 5 times of the inner diameter of the pipeline, so that the full mixing of an upstream flow field is facilitated, and the high-frequency noise of pressure measurement is reduced.
The compressor surge monitoring system based on the intake noise characteristics provided by the invention can timely and accurately identify the sound pressure characteristic change in the surge by monitoring the sound pressure data of the intake pipeline noise, thereby being beneficial to realizing the early warning of the surge working condition of the compressor 5.
The surge monitoring method comprises the following steps:
s11, the terminal control unit 10 changes the flow rate, the intake pressure, and the rotation speed of the compressor 5 by controlling the openings of the throttle valve 1 and the regulating valve 8, and the rotation speed of the motor 6, and adjusts the flow rate while the exhaust pressure correspondingly changes, so that the compressor 5 operates under the set operating parameters, which include: speed n, intake pressure piExhaust pressure pdFlow rate m, pressureIs ∈ ═ pd/pi；
S12, the compressor 5 runs under the set working condition parameters, the flowmeter 3 collects the flow m (t) of the compressor 5 in real time, the microphone array 4 collects the sound pressure time domain data p (t) of the compressor 5 in real time, and the signal collection module 9 obtains the flow m (t) and the sound pressure time domain data p (t) of the compressor 5 in real time and sends the flow m (t) and the sound pressure time domain data p (t) to the terminal control unit 10;
s13, the terminal control unit 10 performs frequency domain transformation on the sound pressure time domain data p (t), so as to obtain a sound pressure frequency spectrum p (f); wherein t represents time, f represents frequency, and p represents sound pressure value;
S14, the terminal control means 10 judges surge on the basis of the flow rate m (t) of the compressor 5 and the sound pressure spectrum p (f),
if the flow m (t) is larger than the set threshold m of the corresponding speed characteristic curvethrThe compressor 5 is in a stable operation state; wherein, each rotating speed corresponds to a rotating speed characteristic curve, and each rotating speed characteristic curve corresponds to a set threshold value mthr(ii) a The corresponding speed characteristic curve is: a rotating speed characteristic curve corresponding to the current operating rotating speed;
if the flow m (t) is less than the set threshold m of the corresponding speed characteristic curvethrAnd the sound pressure frequency spectrum p (f) has a fluctuation of the sound pressure value in the low frequency band not exceeding the set fluctuation threshold, the compressor 5 is in a critical stable operation state; wherein the low frequency band is the frequency f<δfrotFrequency band of frotFor compressor frequency conversion, frot＝nrot/60，nrotIs the compressor speed; δ is a scaling factor less than 1, in this embodiment, δ is 0.2;
if the flow m (t) is less than the set threshold m of the corresponding speed characteristic curvethrAnd the sound pressure value of the sound pressure spectrum p (f) in the low frequency band increases and exceeds the set sound pressure threshold value, it is determined that the compressor 5 enters the surge condition. The judgment can be made by the increase factor of the sound pressure value, and if the increase factor of the sound pressure value exceeds the set factor, the compressor 5 is judged to enter the surge condition.
The invention carries out surge early warning by measuring the sound pressure characteristic of the noise of the air inlet pipeline of the compressor, decides the anti-surge control strategy according to the comparison result of the flow and the pressure ratio descending speed when the surge occurs, has earlier early warning time and quicker anti-surge, is easy to realize, and is simple, convenient and reliable.
The anti-surge control of the invention comprises the following steps:
s21, the terminal control unit 10 changes the flow rate, the intake pressure, and the rotation speed of the compressor 5 by controlling the openings of the throttle valve 1 and the regulating valve 8, and the rotation speed of the motor 6, and adjusts the flow rate while the exhaust pressure correspondingly changes, so that the compressor 5 operates under the set operating parameters, which include: speed n, intake pressure piExhaust pressure pdFlow rate m and pressure ratio epsilon ═ pd/pi；
S22, the compressor 5 runs under the set working condition parameters, and the air inlet pressure transmitter 2 acquires the air inlet pressure p of the compressor 5 in real timei(t), the flowmeter 3 collects the flow m (t) of the compressor 5 in real time, the microphone array 4 collects the sound pressure time domain data p (t) of the compressor 5 in real time, and the exhaust pressure transmitter 7 collects the exhaust pressure p (t) of the compressor 5 in real timed(t), the signal acquisition module 9 acquires the intake pressure p of the compressor 5 in real timei(t), flow rate m (t), sound pressure time domain data p (t), and discharge pressure p d(t) and transmitting to the terminal control unit 10;
s23, the terminal control unit 10 performs frequency domain transformation on the sound pressure time domain data p (t), so as to obtain a sound pressure frequency spectrum p (f); t represents time, f represents frequency, and p represents sound pressure value;
s24, the terminal control means 10 judges surge on the basis of the flow rate m (t) of the compressor 5 and the sound pressure spectrum p (f),
if the flow m (t) is larger than the set threshold m of the corresponding speed characteristic curvethrThe compressor 5 is in a stable operation state; wherein, each rotating speed corresponds to a rotating speed characteristic curve, and each rotating speed characteristic curve corresponds to a set threshold value mthr(ii) a The corresponding speed characteristic curve is: a rotating speed characteristic curve corresponding to the current operating rotating speed;
if the flow m (t) is less than the set threshold m of the corresponding speed characteristic curvethrAnd the sound pressure spectrum p (f) does not exceed the set fluctuation threshold in the fluctuation of the sound pressure value in the low frequency band,the compressor 5 is in a critically stable operating state; wherein the low frequency band is the frequency f<δfrotFrequency band of frotFor compressor frequency conversion, frot＝nrot/60，nrotIs the compressor speed; δ is a scaling factor less than 1, in this embodiment, δ is 0.2;
if the flow m (t) is less than the set threshold m of the corresponding speed characteristic curvethrAnd the sound pressure value of the sound pressure frequency spectrum p (f) in the low frequency range is increased and exceeds the set sound pressure threshold value, the compressor 5 is judged to enter the surge working condition, and the surge flow m when the compressor 5 enters the surge working condition from the critical stable operation state is recorded crSurge intake pressure picrSurge exhaust pressure pdcrSurge pressure ratio epsiloncr＝pdcr/picr；
S25, if the compressor 5 is in a stable or critical stable operation state, the terminal control unit 10 outputs no control signal, that is, does not control the rotation speed of the motor 6 and the opening of the regulating valve 8;
if the compressor 5 enters surge condition and the flow rate decreases by a rate d (m (t)/mcr) The rate of pressure-specific decrease d (epsilon (t)/epsilon) is higher thancr) Dt, the terminal control unit 10 sends out a control signal to reduce the rotating speed of the motor 6 until the flow is larger than the set threshold of the corresponding rotating speed characteristic curve;
wherein ε (t) ═ pd(t)/pi(t)；
If the compressor 5 enters surge condition and the flow rate decreases by a rate d (m (t)/mcr) The rate of pressure-specific decrease d (epsilon (t)/epsilon) is lower thancr) And dt, the terminal control unit 10 sends out a control signal to increase the opening of the regulating valve 8 until the flow is larger than the set threshold of the corresponding rotating speed characteristic curve.
If the compressor 5 enters surge condition and the flow rate decreases by a rate d (m (t)/mcr) D is equal to the pressure ratio falling speed d (epsilon (t)/epsiloncr) And dt, the final control unit 10 sends out any one of control signals of reducing the rotation speed of the motor 6 and increasing the opening degree of the regulating valve 8, and further sends out a control signal according to the speed d (m (t)/m) of the flow reductioncr) The pressure ratio of d to the pressure ratio decrease rate d (ε (t)/ε cr) Of/dtAnd (4) sending corresponding control signals until the flow is greater than the set threshold of the corresponding rotating speed characteristic curve according to the magnitude relation.
Examples
By utilizing the compressor surge monitoring system and the monitoring method based on the intake noise characteristics, which are provided by the invention, the surge of a certain compressor is monitored, the regulating valve 8 is gradually closed, and the time when the compressor enters the surge is monitored to be about 1.1 seconds from the time when the compressor enters the critical stable operation state, as shown in figure 6. If conventional surge monitoring using intake pressure is used, it is monitored that the compressor enters surge after 1.9 seconds, as shown in FIG. 7. Therefore, the compressor surge monitoring system based on the intake noise characteristics can accurately identify the sound pressure characteristic change in the surge in time by monitoring the sound pressure data of the intake pipeline noise, and is beneficial to realizing the early warning of the surge condition of the compressor.
By utilizing the compressor surge monitoring system and the monitoring method based on the intake noise characteristics, which are provided by the invention, when the compressor enters the surge working condition, the flow reduction speed d (m (t)/m is calculatedcr) The pressure ratio/dt was 0.53, and the pressure ratio decrease rate d (. epsilon. (t)/. epsilon.)cr) The flow rate d (m (t)/m) was determined to be 0.47 and the rate of flow rate decrease was determinedcr) The rate of pressure-specific decrease d (epsilon (t)/epsilon) is higher than cr) And dt, the terminal control unit 10 sends out an anti-surge control signal to reduce the rotation speed of the motor 6 until the flow rate is larger than the set threshold of the corresponding rotation speed characteristic curve, and the anti-surge control signal is sent out from the terminal control unit 10 for timing, as shown in fig. 8, after the rotation speed of the motor 6 is reduced by about 0.7 second, the compressor realizes complete anti-surge, however, the conventional mode of opening the regulating valve 8 needs about 1.3 seconds to realize complete anti-surge. Therefore, the surge relieving control strategy is determined according to the comparison result of the flow and the pressure ratio descending speed when the surge occurs, the surge relieving is quicker, other operation logics are not needed to be added, the control decision is reliable, the surge relieving process is quicker, and the method is simple, convenient and reliable.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The compressor surge monitoring system based on the intake noise characteristic is characterized in that a flow meter (3) and an intake noise test pipeline (41) are sequentially arranged on an input pipeline of a compressor (5) along the input direction; a microphone array (4) for collecting sound pressure data is arranged on the wall surface of the air inlet noise test pipeline (41);
The system further comprises: a signal acquisition module (9) and a terminal control unit (10); the receiving end of the signal acquisition module (9) is respectively connected with the flowmeter (3) and the microphone array (4) to respectively acquire flow and sound pressure data of the compressor (5); the output end of the signal acquisition module (9) is connected with the terminal control unit (10) and sends the flow and sound pressure data of the compressor (5) to the terminal control unit (10); the terminal control unit (10) is used for carrying out surge monitoring according to the flow and sound pressure data of the compressor (5).
2. The intake noise characteristic-based compressor surge monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the compressor (5) is connected to an electric motor (6); an air inlet pressure transmitter (2) is arranged at the front end of the flowmeter (3) along the input direction on an input pipeline of the compressor (5); an exhaust pressure transmitter (7) and a regulating valve (8) are sequentially arranged on an output pipeline of the compressor (5) along the output direction;
the receiving end of the signal acquisition module (9) is also respectively connected with the air inlet pressure transmitter (2) and the exhaust pressure transmitter (7), respectively acquires the air inlet pressure and the exhaust pressure of the compressor (5), and sends the air inlet pressure and the exhaust pressure of the compressor (5) to the terminal control unit (10); and the terminal control unit (10) is connected with the motor (6) and the regulating valve (8), and performs anti-surge control by controlling the rotating speed of the motor (6) and the opening of the regulating valve (8).
3. The intake noise characteristic-based compressor surge monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that a throttle valve (1) is further provided on an input line of the compressor (5) at a front end of the intake pressure transmitter (2) in an input direction; and the terminal control unit (10) is connected with the throttle valve and is used for controlling the opening of the throttle valve (1).
4. The intake noise characteristic-based compressor surge monitoring system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the microphone array (4) comprises a plurality of microphones, and the plurality of microphones are circumferentially flush-mounted on the inner wall surface of the intake noise test pipe (41) and are circumferentially arranged in an equiangular ring shape; the axial distance between the microphone array (4) and the inlet of the compressor (5) is more than 3 times of the inner diameter of the pipeline.
5. The intake noise characteristic-based compressor surge monitoring system according to claim 4, wherein the number of microphones of the microphone array (4) ranges from 30 to 40.
6. The intake noise characteristic-based compressor surge monitoring system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the discharge pressure transmitter (7) is located at a distance of more than 5 times the pipe inner diameter from the compressor (5) outlet.
7. The monitoring method for a compressor surge monitoring system based on intake air noise characteristics as claimed in claim 1, wherein the surge monitoring comprises the steps of:
s11, the compressor (5) is operated under the set working condition parameters, wherein the working condition parameters comprise: rotating speed n and flow m;
s12, the flowmeter (3) acquires the flow m (t) of the compressor (5) in real time, the microphone array (4) acquires the sound pressure time domain data p (t) of the compressor (5) in real time, and the signal acquisition module (9) acquires the flow m (t) and the sound pressure time domain data p (t) of the compressor (5) in real time and sends the flow m (t) and the sound pressure time domain data p (t) to the terminal control unit (10);
s13, the terminal control unit (10) performs frequency domain transformation on the sound pressure time domain data p (t) to obtain a sound pressure frequency spectrum p (f); wherein t represents time, f represents frequency, and p represents sound pressure value;
s14, the terminal control unit (10) judges surge according to the flow rate m (t) of the compressor (5) and the sound pressure spectrum p (f),
if the flow m (t) is larger than the set threshold m of the corresponding speed characteristic curvethrIf so, the compressor (5) is in a stable running state;
if the flow m (t) is less than the set threshold m of the corresponding speed characteristic curvethrAnd the sound pressure frequency spectrum p (f) does not exceed the fluctuation threshold value of the sound pressure value of the low frequency band, the compressor (5) is in a critical stable operation state; wherein, the low frequency band is the frequency f <δfrotFrequency band of frotFor compressor frequency conversion, δ is a scale factor less than 1;
if the flow m (t) is less than the set threshold m of the corresponding speed characteristic curvethrAnd the sound pressure value of the sound pressure spectrum p (f) in the low frequency band is increased and exceeds a set sound pressure threshold value, the compressor (5) is judged to enter the surge working condition.
8. The monitoring method of a compressor surge monitoring system based on intake noise characteristics as claimed in claim 2, wherein the surge reduction control comprises the steps of:
s21, the compressor (5) operates under the set working condition parameters, and the working condition parameters comprise: speed n, intake pressure piPressure p of exhaust gasdFlow rate m and pressure ratio epsilon ═ pd/pi；
S22, the air inlet pressure transmitter (2) collects the air inlet pressure p of the compressor (5) in real timei(t), the flowmeter (3) collects the flow m (t) of the compressor (5) in real time, the microphone array (4) collects the sound pressure time domain data p (t) of the compressor (5) in real time, and the exhaust pressure transmitter (7) collects the exhaust pressure p of the compressor (5) in real timed(t), the signal acquisition module (9) acquires the air inlet pressure p of the compressor (5) in real timei(t), flow m (t), sound pressure time domain data p (t), exhaust pressure pd(t) and sending it to the terminal control unit (10);
s23, the terminal control unit (10) performs frequency domain transformation on the sound pressure time domain data p (t) to obtain a sound pressure frequency spectrum p (f); t represents time, f represents frequency, and p represents sound pressure value;
S24, the terminal control means (10) judges surge on the basis of the flow rate m (t) of the compressor (5) and the sound pressure spectrum p (f),
if the flow m (t) is larger than the set threshold m of the corresponding speed characteristic curvethrIf so, the compressor (5) is in a stable running state;
if the flow m (t) is less than the set threshold m of the corresponding speed characteristic curvethrAnd the sound pressure value of the sound pressure frequency spectrum p (f) at the low frequency band does not fluctuate and does not exceed the set fluctuation threshold value, the compressor (5) is in a critical stable operation state;
wherein, the low frequency band is the frequency f<δfrotFrequency band of (f)rotDelta is a scale factor less than 1 for compressor frequency conversion;
if the flow m (t) is less than the set threshold m of the corresponding speed characteristic curvethrAnd the sound pressure value of the sound pressure frequency spectrum p (f) in the low frequency range is increased and exceeds a set sound pressure threshold value, the compressor (5) is judged to enter the surge working condition, and the surge flow m when the compressor (5) enters the surge working condition from the critical stable running state is recordedcrSurge intake pressure picrSurge exhaust pressure pdcrSurge pressure ratio epsiloncr＝pdcr/picr；
S24, if the compressor (5) is in a stable or critical stable operation state, the terminal control unit 10 outputs no control signal, namely the rotation speed of the motor (6) and the opening of the regulating valve (8) are not controlled;
if the compressor (5) enters surge condition and the flow rate decreases d (m (t)/m cr) The rate of pressure-specific fall d (epsilon (t)/epsilon) is higher thancr) Dt, the terminal control unit (10) sends out a control signal to reduce the rotating speed of the motor (6) until the flow is larger than the set threshold value of the corresponding rotating speed characteristic curve;
wherein epsilon (t) is pd(t)/pi(t)；
If the compressor (5) enters surge condition and the flow rate decreases d (m (t)/mcr) The pressure ratio falling speed d (epsilon (t)/epsilon) is lower than the dtcr) The terminal control unit (10) sends a control signal to increase the opening of the regulating valve (8) until the flow is larger than the set threshold of the corresponding rotating speed characteristic curve;
if the compressor (5) enters surge condition and the flow rate is lowReduced speed d (m (t)/m)cr) D is equal to the pressure ratio falling speed d (epsilon (t)/epsiloncr) The final control unit (10) sends a control signal for either reducing the rotation speed of the motor (6) or increasing the opening of the regulating valve (8), and further reduces the speed d (m (t)/m) according to the flow ratecr) The pressure ratio of d to the pressure ratio decrease rate d (ε (t)/εcr) And the corresponding control signal is sent out until the flow is larger than the set threshold of the corresponding rotating speed characteristic curve according to the magnitude relation of/dt.
9. The monitoring method of the compressor surge monitoring system based on the intake noise characteristics is applicable to the claim 3, and is characterized in that the terminal control unit (10) enables the compressor (5) to operate under the set working condition parameters by controlling the opening degrees of the throttle valve (1) and the regulating valve (8) and the rotating speed of the motor (6), and the working condition parameters comprise: speed n, intake pressure p iExhaust pressure pdFlow rate m and pressure ratio epsilon ═ pd/pi。
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