CN114752717A - Method for analyzing tuyere raceway width by means of hearth sampling - Google Patents
Method for analyzing tuyere raceway width by means of hearth sampling Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 29
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/16—Tuyéres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/24—Test rods or other checking devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for analyzing the width of a tuyere raceway by using a hearth sampling means, which comprises the following steps: 1) sampling blast furnaces with different effective furnace volumes within the damping down time of the blast furnaces; 2) picking out coke and iron slag in different samples by adopting a magnetic suction mode, and distinguishing the detention quantity of the coke and the iron slag at different sampling positions in the furnace; screening the coke to obtain the particle size and the quality of the coke at different sampling positions and obtain the average particle size of the coke at the corresponding position; the length of a convolution area and the length of a dead charge column below the radius of the hearth; the retention quantity of coke and iron slag in the rotary area and the dead material column area is calculated to obtain the retention ratio of coke and iron slag in the rotary area and the dead material column; counting coke particle sizes at different sampling positions in a convolution area and a dead material column area; 3) and calculating the height of the convolution area. The advantages are that: the physical properties of the materials in the furnace can be analyzed to obtain partial parameters of the materials, and the width of the convolution area is analyzed by combining with the operation data of the blast furnace.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of iron making, and particularly relates to a method for analyzing the width of a tuyere raceway by using a hearth sampling means after a blast furnace is stopped.
Background
More than 90% of finished molten iron is still supplied by blast furnace production, and because of the continuous progress of large furnace volume, automatic control and equipment means in the blast furnace ironmaking production process, the smelting efficiency of a blast furnace is greatly improved compared with the past, the utilization coefficient and the fuel consumption quantity of the blast furnace are improved to a great extent compared with the past, and the economy of blast furnace smelting is further enhanced compared with the past. If a good smelting effect is to be realized, the lower part operation activity degree is the basis, and the reasonable structure of the convolution area is the key point, namely the good operation state, and a reasonable convolution area form needs to be obtained under the condition of maintaining a proper operation system so as to maintain a good smelting effect. Under the modern smelting process, a rotary area at the lower part of a furnace body is an area formed by initial coal gas, and the existing form of the rotary area can play a decisive role in the reasonable distribution of coal gas flow in the furnace and further the smelting process. In the production process of the blast furnace, along with the blowing of hot air with pressure, a spindle-shaped combustion space is formed at the front end of each tuyere, the injected coal dust and the coke entering the furnace are combusted inside, and reducing gas and necessary heat required by chemical reaction are generated; at the same time, the presence of coke, etc., which burns at its edges, also brings the necessary space for the charge to descend, so that it can be used to complete the smelting of pig iron. It can therefore be said that the form of the raceway (note: length, width, height and volume, etc.) is decisive for how active the blast furnace is, and for the smelting process.
The blast furnace is used as a closed high-temperature high-pressure black box operation body, the solid, liquid and gas phases in the blast furnace coexist, and in addition, the complex physical and chemical reaction process is also accompanied, so that the environment in the blast furnace is not more complex than the complex environment, and the understanding of the blast furnace is also very difficult. The modern blast furnace is planed and sampled and the like, and research results show that: the formation of the convolution zone, or the form of the convolution zone, is influenced by a plurality of factors, wherein external factors are related to the air volume, the hot air pressure, the oxygen enrichment, the quantity of injected coal powder and the like, and internal factors are related to the existence of materials in the hearth, such as the coke granularity of the convolution zone, the retained quantity of iron slag and the like. Therefore, under the influence of such complicated and variable factors, it is still difficult to obtain the tuyere raceway form information of different blast furnaces and different operation states. The in-furnace sampling technology of modern large-scale blast furnaces is a method for obtaining materials in the furnaces by utilizing sampling tubes matched with tuyere samplers and penetrating the sampling tubes into the furnaces after different blast furnaces stop blowing, and is also one of mature technologies. And the data such as coke granularity, slag iron retention ratio, convolution zone length and the like can be obtained after necessary detection and analysis are carried out on the taken materials in the furnace, so that the material state in the convolution zone can be accurately known. Since the structure of the cyclotron is complex and is related to many parameters, it is necessary to find a suitable method for analyzing the form of the cyclotron, such as length, width, height, volume, etc. The method is feasible at present, and is characterized in that material information in the blast furnace is acquired by using a tuyere sampling technology, and a necessary mathematical relation between a convolution area and operation parameters of the blast furnace at the stage is established, so that the convolution area form analysis is obtained.
Most of the research on the tuyere raceway exists in the analytical research on the tuyere raceway length, the internal combustion form, the temperature field and the like. The research method for the technology adopts the following research means: the method is characterized in that the method adopts the existing theory, utilizes a computer mathematical modeling method, utilizes the data which can be collected, combines the existing thermodynamics and other related theories, and carries out theoretical calculation, thereby analyzing key parameters such as a temperature field and the like in the convolution region; the method adopts a laboratory simulation method, obtains partial parameters through the experiment of laboratory equipment, and expresses the existence state of the convolution region; and similar technologies such as modes of manually determining the length of a turning zone, the activity degree and the like are adopted by matching part of simple actual measurement data with the traditional experience according to the production surface condition of the blast furnace. Although the prior art has a certain reference value and a certain application in practice, it needs to be pointed out that the techniques either lack accurate calculation parameters and have larger errors of analysis results; or it is of no reference value for the convolution analysis, and the core parameters of the composition forms important for the tuyere convolution, such as width, height and volume, are still less mentioned, and the accuracy of the analysis remains to be questioned, but more for the length. Therefore, it is further desired to find a reliable and practical method for accurately understanding the frame structure of the tuyere raceway in the furnace so as to provide a technical reference for improving the operation status of the blast furnace.
And as the black box operation body, under the condition that the internal condition is not more complicated, the operation state of the blast furnace is clearly mastered, so that necessary technical reference is provided for reasonable operation, and the tuyere raceway form is also required to be analyzed. The study aiming at the tuyere raceway is mostly carried out on the length of the tuyere raceway by utilizing a tuyere sampling technology, such as: patent CN106767611A discloses a method for measuring the length of the tuyere raceway of a COREX melter-gasifier; patent CN101121949A, discloses a method for measuring the length of a blast furnace raceway; patent CN204022856U discloses a length measuring device for a blast furnace tuyere raceway, in which the length of the raceway is determined by finding out the mutation point (note: the variation position of coke granularity, coke porosity, etc.) of the coke at the hearth part through the method of actual measurement and theoretical analysis. Furthermore, the method of numerical modeling by using a computer is used to obtain the internal form of the convolution region by a theoretical calculation method, such as: patent CN113343440A discloses a method for constructing a three-dimensional temperature field of a blast furnace tuyere raceway based on image data; patent CN113283079A discloses a method for calculating and monitoring the boundary of a tuyere raceway of a blast furnace in real time; patent CN106815405A discloses a method and a system for calculating the depth of a tuyere raceway of a blast furnace; patent CN113177364A discloses a soft measurement modeling method for the temperature of a blast furnace tuyere raceway; patent CN104457606A discloses an imaging system and imaging method for blast furnace turnround area, these inventions create, establish three-dimensional temperature field model of tuyere turnround area through image data, firstly obtain image information in the turnround area of blast furnace tuyere, or establish depth calculation model of turnround area according to the forming principle of the turnround area of blast furnace tuyere, then establish boundary model of the turnround area of blast furnace tuyere through the depth model of the turnround area of blast furnace tuyere, thereby realizing the judgment of the form of turnround area, this kind of method is a technology of analyzing the temperature field, depth and existence form of turnround area by fully utilizing modern technical means such as computer, big data technology, etc., is a novel method measure, and is in continuous development, and makes a certain breakthrough in practical application, but it needs to be explained here again, although the technology can analyze the existence form of the convolution region in a certain sense and correspondingly describe the convolution region, the accuracy is still far from enough in accuracy due to the lack of accurate technical parameter support and the failure of forming the most reasonable numerical model, and the practicability is not strong from the realization stage. Some other methods and technologies are technologies for analyzing materials in a hearth by using some auxiliary means to further obtain information of a raceway, such as: patent CN107860680A discloses a method for analyzing the grain size composition and slag retention of blast furnace tuyere coke; patent CN108676944A discloses a method for evaluating the deterioration degree of coke in a blast furnace; patent CN205761751U discloses an automatic screening device for tuyere sampling samples, which is a method for analyzing materials in a raceway by using a furnace sampling technology, and can obtain information such as tuyere coke particle size distribution and slag retention, and further adjust raw material blending schemes such as coking coal and ore according to analysis results, thereby realizing stable and smooth operation of a blast furnace. In addition, patent CN109487023A discloses a method for determining the working state of the hearth; patent CN110343795A discloses a quantitative characterization method for blast furnace hearth activity; patent CN106834572A discloses a hearth activity index quantification method for monitoring the activity of a blast furnace hearth; patent CN112111617A discloses a method for quantitatively evaluating blast furnace hearth activity index, which adopts means such as calculation, and provides more judgment basis for realizing multi-angle and all-around monitoring of hearth activity state by integrating new furnace temperature forecasting model, physical thermal index model, theoretical combustion temperature calculation optimization model, hearth working tapping index model, copper cooling wall hot surface condition calculation model, Rist operating line calculation model, etc., thereby reflecting hearth region activity degree and state, and improving important judgment basis and technical basis for guiding lower regulation of blast furnace. However, although it can be said that such techniques are in a rare connection with the lower convolution of the furnace body, there is still no specific analysis method for the convolution.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for analyzing the width of a tuyere raceway by using a hearth sampling means, a large tuyere sampler is adopted for sampling, physical properties of materials in a furnace are analyzed to obtain partial parameters of the materials, the width of the tuyere raceway is analyzed by combining blast furnace operation data, and the widths of the tuyere raceways with different effective furnace capacities are accurately analyzed, so that necessary technical references are provided for evaluating the activity of the blast furnace, and the aim of improving the operation state of the blast furnace is fulfilled.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for analyzing the width of a tuyere raceway by utilizing a hearth sampling means comprises the following steps:
1) sampling blast furnaces with different effective furnace volumes within the damping down time of the blast furnaces
The sampling pipe is radially sent into the furnace hearth along the tuyere, and the sampling is carried out in a tuyere convolution region and a dead charge column at the furnace hearth; wherein the material taken by the sampling tube is divided equidistantly from the side of the dead material column; then numbering according to different sampling positions in sequence;
2) the sample in the step 1) is magnetically attracted to sort out coke and iron slag in different samples, and the retention quantity of the coke and the iron slag in different sampling positions in the furnace is distinguished; screening the coke to obtain the particle size and the quality of the coke at different sampling positions and obtain the average particle size of the coke at the corresponding position;
3) Drawing a coke grain size change trend line from the side of a furnace wall to the radial depth of a furnace core part by taking an abscissa as a sampling position and an ordinate as an average particle size of coke in the furnace as a coordinate axis, taking the position with the maximum slope of the coke grain size change trend line in the furnace as a boundary basis for judging a convolution area and a dead charge column, distinguishing an air outlet convolution area and a dead charge column area, and recording the convolution area length and the dead charge column length under the radius of a furnace cylinder;
4) the retention quantity of coke and iron slag in the rotary area and the dead material column area is calculated to obtain the retention ratio P of coke and iron slag in the rotary area and the dead material column1、P2；
5) Different sampling in the convolution area and the dead material column areaThe average particle size K of the coke in the convolution area and the dead material column is calculated by utilizing a mathematical weighting mode1、K2；
6) The convolution width is obtained using the following calculation method:
in the formula (1), W is the width of a tuyere raceway and is mm; k1The average particle size of coke in the convolution area is mm; p1The retention ratio of the slag iron in the convolution area is percent; k2The average particle size of coke in the dead material column is mm; p2The retention proportion of slag iron in the dead material column is percent; d is the diameter of the tuyere and mm; HW is the flow of hot air blown in, m3Min; WP is the pressure of hot blast, kPa; OER is oxygen enrichment rate of blown hot air,%; PCI is the coal injection ratio per ton of iron, kg/t; a. the 1Is a constant, and the value is 1.03 mm; b1Is a constant, and the value is 1.45 mm;
alpha is dimension correction coefficient, and its value is 0.81, mm-1(ii) a Beta is dimension correction coefficient, and its value is 0.45 mm-1(ii) a Chi is a dimensional correction coefficient and takes the value of 0.57,
delta is a dimensional correction coefficient, and the value is 2.13 t/kg.
D in the step 6) is the average tuyere diameter in the blast furnace production process within one month; HW is the hot air flow in the production process of the blast furnace within one month; WP is the hot air pressure in the blast furnace production process within one month; OER is the oxygen enrichment rate in the production process of the blast furnace within one month; PCI is the coal injection ratio in the production process of the blast furnace within one month.
The effective furnace volume is 1200m3～6000m3。
Sampling operation of the blast furnace, and controlling the damping down time of the blast furnace to be not less than 10 hours.
The diameter of the sampling tube is 100 mm-150 mm, and the length of the sampling tube is 5 m-10 m.
The distance between the sampling positions is 20 cm-50 cm.
The average particle size of the coke in the convolution area and the dead material column is calculated by adopting the average particle size control range of the coke in the convolution area to be more than or equal to 10mm, and the average particle size control range of the coke in the dead material column to be more than or equal to 3 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method can analyze the physical properties of the materials in the blast furnace to obtain partial parameters of the materials, and analyze the width of the convolution area by combining with the blast furnace operation data.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below, but it should be noted that the practice of the invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
A method for analyzing the height of a tuyere raceway by using a hearth sampling means is characterized in that a tuyere sampler is used for sampling coke and iron slag in a blast furnace, and the blast furnace can be accurately judged by analyzing the height of the tuyere raceway and combining with technical and economic indexes of the blast furnace on the condition and the smelting system of the blast furnace, so that the adjustment of the coke load and the smelting system of the blast furnace is guided.
And (4) obtaining the average tuyere diameter, the hot air flow, the hot air pressure, the oxygen enrichment rate and the coal injection ratio of the blast furnace within one month before statistical sampling work. The convolution width is obtained by using the following calculation formula:
in the formula (1), W is the width of a tuyere raceway and is mm; k is1The average particle size of coke in the convolution area is mm; p1The retention ratio of the slag iron in the convolution area is percent; k2The average particle size of coke in the dead material column is mm; p2The retention proportion of slag iron in the dead material column is percent; d is the diameter of the tuyere and mm; HW isFlow rate of hot air blown in, m3Min; WP is the pressure of hot blast, kPa; OER is oxygen enrichment rate of blown hot air,%; PCI is the coal injection ratio per ton of iron, kg/t; a. the1Is constant and takes the value of 1.03 mm; b 1Is constant and takes 1.45 mm;
alpha is dimension correction coefficient and takes the value of 0.81 mm-1(ii) a Beta is a dimensional correction coefficient and takes the value of 0.45 mm-1(ii) a Chi is a dimensional correction coefficient and takes the value of 0.57,
delta is a dimensional correction coefficient, and the value of delta is 2.13 t/kg.
Example 1 (effective furnace volume 1800m in certain iron and steel works)3Blast furnace)
1.1 blast furnace operating parameters
Before sampling, the operation parameters of the average tuyere diameter, the hot air flow, the hot air pressure, the oxygen enrichment rate and the coal injection ratio in the blast furnace production process within one month are counted, and the operation parameters are detailed in table 1.
TABLE 1 blast furnace operating parameters
1.2 blast furnace hearth tuyere sampling
1800m for effective furnace volume of a certain steel plant3The blast furnace utilizes a special tuyere sampler and is provided with a detachable special sampling tube, a sampling tube cover plate, a sampling tube support trolley and a special sample storage barrel within 14 hours of damping down time of the blast furnace. The air port sampling machine is hoisted by a crane or automatically driven to reach the air port platform, then is placed in a place in front of the position of the corresponding air port, is externally connected with cooling water by a special air port sampling tube, and meanwhile, is placed in a special storage barrel for samples in the empty place.
Meanwhile, after the tuyere sampler is assembled, a belly pipe and a tuyere of the blast furnace at the position of the sample are removed. The method is characterized in that a wind gap sampler is adopted in a track self-propelled manner in the early stage, after a sampling tube is sent into a wind gap rotating area, a sampling tube support trolley is placed below the sampling tube until the sampling tube cannot enter in the track self-propelled manner, the wind gap sampler is fixed, and the wind gap sampler is connected with a blast furnace body through a steel rope and a hook. Starting an air port sampler with a motor, forcibly feeding a sampling tube into a dead material column of a furnace cylinder by using a cylinder pressurization mode, enabling the front end of the sampling tube to reach the central position of the dead material column, then extracting a movable sliding plate above the sampling tube, adopting a self-carrying vibration mode, vibrating for 3-5 minutes, extracting the sampling tube inserted into the furnace by using a crawler bicycle in a reverse mode after the dead material column and materials in a convolution area in the furnace fall into the sampling tube, and covering a special sampling tube cover plate on the upper part of the sampling tube extracted out of the furnace body in the process of extracting the sampling tube out of the furnace body so as to prevent coke in the furnace from being exposed in the atmosphere to burn and influence the accuracy of an analysis result.
After sampling operation in the furnace is completed, the sampling tube connected with the air port sampling machine is disassembled and placed in the empty position of the air port platform, the distance of the materials taken out of the sampling tube is divided according to 30cm, the sampling position is compiled, the materials are picked out by using the special sample picking spoon, then the materials are put into a special sample storage barrel, after the materials are cooled for 45 minutes, the materials are placed into a special sample bag for sealing storage, and the samples are numbered.
1.3 analysis of coke particle size and slag iron ratio
Then to the interior position material of different stoves of getting, utilize this magnetism of pig iron to inhale the principle that has magnetism, coke and the slag iron sample among the different samples of manual work sorting to carry out the mass weighing and record respectively, thereby distinguish the delay quantity of different sample position coke and slag iron in the stove. And screening the coke samples at different positions by using combined screens with different grain sizes under the mesh sizes of 30mm, 25mm, 20mm, 15mm, 10mm, 6.5mm, 5mm and 3mm of the screen meshes, sequentially carrying out grain size screening on the coke samples in the furnace, weighing and recording the grain sizes and the masses of the cokes at different sampling positions, and counting the average grain size of the cokes at the positions on the basis.
And aiming at the obtained screening results of the average particle size of the coke at different positions, drawing a variation trend line of the coke particle size in the furnace from the side of the furnace wall to the radial depth of the furnace core part by taking the abscissa as a sampling position and taking the ordinate as an axis, and taking the maximum slope of the variation trend line of the coke particle size in the furnace as a boundary basis for judging a convolution region and a dead charge column so as to distinguish an air outlet convolution region and a dead charge column region. On the basis, the retention quantity of coke and iron slag in the convolution area and the dead material column area is counted, and on the basis, the retention proportion of coke and iron slag in the convolution area and the dead material column is respectively calculated. The coke particle size and the slag iron retention ratio in the hearth are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 Coke particle size and iron slag holdup ratio
1.4 analysis results of the front-end convolution region of tuyere
After applying the above calculation scheme (formula (1)), the width of the single tuyere raceway can be analyzed, and the results of the raceway width analysis are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 tuyere front convolution width
From the analysis results, the effective furnace volume 1800m is aimed at3The calculation result of the width of the convolution area at the front end of the blast furnace tuyere is 83.37mm, which indicates that the width of the convolution area is narrower, namely, the improvement of the running state of the blast furnace can be realized by improving the raw fuel condition and adopting different strengthening smelting measures under the existing running state at the present stage if a better smelting effect is to be obtained.
Example 2 (effective furnace volume 2580m in certain iron and steel works)3Blast furnace)
2.1 blast furnace operating parameters
Before sampling, the average tuyere diameter, hot air flow, hot air pressure, oxygen enrichment rate and the operation parameters of the coal injection ratio in the blast furnace production process within one month are counted, and the operation parameters are detailed in a table 4.
TABLE 4 blast furnace operating parameters
2.2 blast furnace hearth tuyere sampling
2580m effective furnace volume for certain iron and steel plant3The blast furnace was sampled in the same manner as in example 1 during a 15-hour damping-down period of the blast furnace.
After the sampling operation in the furnace is completed, the sampling tube connected with the air port sampling machine is detached and placed in the empty position of the air port platform, the material taken out of the sampling tube is divided into 25cm intervals, the sampling position is compiled, the material is picked out by using the special sample picking spoon, the material is put into the special storage barrel for the sample, and after the material is cooled for 50 minutes, the material is put into the special sample bag for sealing storage and the sample is numbered.
2.3 analysis of coke particle size and slag iron ratio
The average particle size fraction of the coke at the corresponding position was counted by the same method as in example 1, and the retention ratio of the coke and the iron slag in the swirling area and the dead column was calculated. The coke particle size and the slag iron retention ratio in the hearth are shown in Table 5.
Surface coke 5 carbon particle size and slag iron retention ratio
2.4 analysis results of the front-end convolution region of tuyere
After applying the above calculation scheme (formula (1)), the width of the single tuyere raceway can be analyzed, and the results of the raceway width analysis are shown in Table 6.
Watch 6 tuyere front convolution zone width
From the analysis results, the effective furnace volume is 2580m3The calculation result of the width of the convolution area at the front end of the blast furnace tuyere is 98.25mm, which indicates that the width of the convolution area is slightly narrow, namely that a better smelting effect is required to be obtained, and the improvement of the running state of the blast furnace can be realized by improving the raw fuel condition and adopting different strengthening smelting measures under the existing running state at the present stage.
Example 3 (effective furnace volume 3200m in certain iron and steel works)3Blast furnace)
3.1 blast furnace operating parameters
Before sampling, the average tuyere diameter, hot air flow, hot air pressure, oxygen enrichment rate and the operation parameters of the injection coal ratio in the production process of the blast furnace within one month are counted, and the operation parameters are detailed in a table 7.
TABLE 7 blast furnace operating parameters
3.2 blast furnace hearth tuyere sampling
3200m effective furnace volume for certain steel plant3The blast furnace was sampled in the same manner as in example 1 during the 15-hour blast time.
After the sampling operation in the furnace is completed, the sampling tube connected with the air port sampling machine is detached and placed in the empty position of the air port platform, the material taken out of the sampling tube is divided into distances according to 35cm, the sampling position is compiled, the material is picked out by using the special sample picking spoon, the material is put into the special storage barrel for the sample, and after the material is cooled for 40 minutes, the material is put into the special sample bag for sealing storage and the sample is numbered.
3.3 analysis of coke particle size and slag iron ratio
The average particle size fraction of the coke at the corresponding position was counted by the same method as in example 1, and the retention ratio of the coke and the iron slag in the swirling area and the dead column was calculated. The coke particle size and the slag iron retention ratio in the hearth are shown in Table 8.
TABLE 8 Coke particle size and slag iron retention ratio
3.4 analysis results of the front-end convolution region of the tuyere
After applying the above calculation scheme (formula (1)), the width of the single tuyere raceway can be analyzed, and the analysis results of the raceway width are shown in Table 9.
Watch 9 tuyere front-end convolution region width
From the analysis results, the effective furnace volume is 3200m 3The calculation result of the width of the convolute region at the front end of the blast furnace tuyere is 103.48mm, which indicates that the width of the convolute region is slightly narrow, namely, the improvement of the running state of the blast furnace can be realized by improving the raw fuel condition and adopting different strengthening smelting measures under the existing running state at the present stage.
Example 4 (effective furnace volume 4038m for certain iron and steel works)3Blast furnace)
4.1 blast furnace operating parameters
Before sampling, the average tuyere diameter, hot air flow, hot air pressure, oxygen enrichment rate and the operation parameters of the coal injection ratio in the blast furnace production process within one month are counted, and the operation parameters are detailed in a table 10.
TABLE 10 blast furnace operating parameters
4.2 blast furnace hearth tuyere sampling
Effective furnace volume 4038m for certain steel plant3The blast furnace was sampled in the same manner as in example 1 during 16 hours of the blast furnace downtime.
After sampling operation in the furnace is completed, the sampling tube connected with the air port sampling machine is detached and placed in the empty position of the air port platform, the material taken out of the sampling tube is divided into distances according to 40cm, sampling positions are compiled, the material is picked out by using a special sample picking spoon, the material is put into a special storage barrel for samples, and after the material is cooled for 60 minutes, special sample bags are filled for sealing storage and the samples are numbered.
4.3 analysis of coke particle size and slag iron ratio
The average particle size fraction of the coke at the corresponding position was counted by the same method as in example 1, and the retention ratio of the coke and the iron slag in the swirling area and the dead column was calculated. The coke particle size and the slag iron retention ratio in the hearth are shown in Table 11.
TABLE 11 particle size of coke and slag iron retention ratio
4.4 analysis results of the front-end convolution region of tuyere
After applying the above calculation scheme (formula (1)), the width of the single tuyere raceway can be analyzed, and the results of the raceway width analysis are shown in Table 12.
Width of front convolution zone of tuyere of table 12
From the analysis result, the calculation result of the width of the convolution area at the front end of the tuyere of the blast furnace with the effective furnace volume 4038m3 is 124.34mm, which indicates that the convolution area has a sufficient width and the raw fuel has good quality, and indicates that a good smelting effect is required to be obtained and the corresponding smelting system and the quality level of the raw fuel at the present stage are maintained.
Example 5 (effective furnace volume 5500m in certain iron and steel works)3Blast furnace)
5.1 blast furnace operating parameters
Before sampling, the average tuyere diameter, hot air flow, hot air pressure, oxygen enrichment rate and the operation parameters of the injection coal ratio in the production process of the blast furnace within one month are counted, and the operation parameters are detailed in table 13.
TABLE 13 blast furnace operating parameters
5.2 blast furnace hearth tuyere sampling
5500m effective furnace volume for certain iron and steel plant3The blast furnace was sampled in the same manner as in example 1 during 18 hours of the blast furnace downtime.
After sampling operation in the furnace is completed, the sampling tube connected with the air port sampling machine is detached and placed in the empty position of the air port platform, the material taken out of the sampling tube is divided into intervals according to 30cm, sampling positions are compiled, the material is picked out by using a special sample picking spoon, the material is put into a special storage barrel for samples, and after the material is cooled for 60 minutes, special sample bags are filled for sealing storage and the samples are numbered.
5.3 analysis of coke particle size and slag iron ratio
The average particle size fraction of the coke at the corresponding position was counted by the same method as in example 1, and the retention ratio of the coke and the iron slag in the swirling area and the dead column was calculated. The coke particle size and the slag iron retention ratio in the hearth are shown in Table 14.
TABLE 14 Coke particle size and slag iron retention ratio
5.4 analysis results of the front-end convolution region of the tuyere
After applying the above calculation scheme (formula (1)), the width of the single tuyere raceway can be analyzed, and the analysis results of the raceway width are shown in Table 15.
Watch 15 tuyere front-end convolution region width
From the analysis results, the effective furnace volume is 5500m 3The calculation result of the width of the turning area at the front end of the blast furnace tuyere is 131.83mm, which indicates that the width of the turning area is enough and the quality of the raw fuel is good, namely, the requirement of obtaining good smelting effect can be indicated, and the corresponding smelting system and the quality level of the raw fuel at the present stage can be maintained.
Claims (7)
1. A method for analyzing the width of a tuyere raceway by utilizing a hearth sampling means is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) sampling blast furnaces with different effective furnace volumes within the damping down time of the blast furnaces
The sampling pipe is radially sent into the furnace hearth along the tuyere, and the sampling is carried out in a tuyere convolution region and a dead charge column at the furnace hearth; wherein the material taken by the sampling tube is divided equidistantly from the side of the dead material column; then numbering according to different sampling positions in sequence;
2) the sample in the step 1) is magnetically attracted to sort out coke and iron slag in different samples, and the retention quantity of the coke and the iron slag in different sampling positions in the furnace is distinguished; screening the coke to obtain the particle size fraction and the quality of the coke at different sampling positions and obtain the average particle size of the coke at corresponding positions;
3) taking an abscissa as a sampling position and an ordinate as an average particle size of coke in the furnace as a coordinate axis, drawing a coke particle size change trend line from the side of a furnace wall to the radial depth of a furnace core part, taking the maximum slope of the coke particle size change trend line in the furnace as a boundary basis for judging a convolution region and a dead charge column, distinguishing an air outlet convolution region and a dead charge column region, and recording the convolution region length and the dead charge column length under the radius of a furnace cylinder;
4) The retention quantity of coke and iron slag in the rotary area and the dead material column area is calculated to obtain the retention ratio P of coke and iron slag in the rotary area and the dead material column1、P2；
5) The coke particle size statistics of different sampling positions in the convolution area and the dead material column area are carried out, and the average particle size K of the coke in the convolution area and the dead material column is calculated by utilizing a mathematical weighting mode1、K2；
6) The convolution width is obtained using the following calculation method:
in the formula (1), W is the width of a tuyere raceway and is mm; k is1The average particle size of coke in the convolution area is mm; p1The retention ratio of the slag iron in the convolution area is percent; k2The average particle size of coke in the dead material column is mm; p2The retention proportion of slag iron in the dead material column is percent; d is the diameter of the tuyere and mm; HW is the flow of hot air blown in, m3Min; WP is the pressure of hot blast, kPa; OER is oxygen enrichment rate of blown hot air,%; PCI is the coal injection ratio per ton of iron, kg/t; a. the1Is constant and takes the value of 1.03 mm; b is1Is constant and takes 1.45 mm;
alpha is dimension correction coefficient and takes the value of 0.81 mm-1(ii) a Beta is a dimensional correction coefficient and takes the value of 0.45 mm-1(ii) a Chi is a dimensional correction coefficient and takes the value of 0.57,
delta is a dimensional correction coefficient, and the value of delta is 2.13 t/kg.
2. The method for analyzing the width of the tuyere raceway by means of hearth sampling according to claim 1, wherein D in the step 6) is an average tuyere diameter in a blast furnace production process within one month; HW is the hot air flow in the production process of the blast furnace within one month; WP is the hot air pressure in the blast furnace production process within one month; OER is the oxygen enrichment rate in the production process of the blast furnace within one month; PCI is the coal injection ratio in the production process of the blast furnace within one month.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the effective furnace volume is 1200m3～6000m3。
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the sampling operation of the blast furnace is performed by controlling the damping down time of the blast furnace to be not less than 10 hours.
5. The method for analyzing the width of the tuyere raceway by means of hearth sampling according to claim 1, wherein said sampling tube has a diameter of 100mm to 150mm and a length of 5m to 10 m.
6. The method for analyzing the width of the tuyere raceway by means of hearth sampling according to claim 1, wherein said sampling positions are spaced apart by a distance of 20cm to 50 cm.
7. The method for analyzing the width of the tuyere raceway by using a hearth sampling means as set forth in claim 1, wherein the average particle size of the coke in the raceway and in the dead column is calculated by using the average particle size control range of the coke in the raceway of not less than 10mm and the average particle size control range of the coke in the dead column of not less than 3 mm.
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