CN114606354B - Method for analyzing tuyere raceway height by means of hearth sampling - Google Patents
Method for analyzing tuyere raceway height by means of hearth sampling Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for analyzing the height of a tuyere raceway by using a hearth sampling means, which comprises the following steps: 1) Sampling blast furnaces with different effective furnace volumes within the damping down time of the blast furnaces; 2) Picking out coke and iron slag in different samples by adopting a magnetic suction mode, and distinguishing the detention quantity of the coke and the iron slag at different sampling positions in the furnace; screening the coke to obtain the particle size and the quality of the coke at different sampling positions and obtain the average particle size of the coke at the corresponding position; recording the length of a convolution area and the length of a dead charge column under the radius of the hearth; 3) The retention quantity of coke and iron slag in the rotary area and the dead material column area is calculated to obtain the retention ratio of coke and iron slag in the rotary area and the dead material column; 4) Counting coke particle sizes at different sampling positions in a convolution area and a dead material column area; 5) And calculating the height of the convolution area. The advantages are that: the cyclone zone heights of the blast furnaces with different effective furnace volumes are accurately analyzed, so that technical reference is provided for evaluating the activity of the blast furnaces.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of iron making, and particularly relates to a method for analyzing the height of a tuyere raceway by using a hearth sampling means after a blast furnace is stopped.
Background
More than 90% of finished molten iron is still supplied by blast furnace production, and because of the continuous progress of large furnace volume, automatic control and equipment means in the blast furnace iron-making production process, the smelting efficiency of a blast furnace is greatly improved compared with the past, the utilization coefficient and the fuel consumption quantity of the blast furnace are greatly improved compared with the past, and the economy of blast furnace smelting is further enhanced compared with the past. If a good smelting effect is to be realized, the lower part of the smelting furnace is based on the operation activity degree, and the reasonable formation of the convolution region is the key point, namely the good operation state, and a reasonable convolution region form needs to be obtained under the condition of maintaining a proper operation system so as to maintain a good smelting effect. Under the modern smelting process, the rotary area at the lower part of the furnace body is an area formed by initial coal gas, and the existing form of the rotary area can reasonably distribute the coal gas flow in the furnace, thereby playing a decisive role in the smelting process. In the production process of the blast furnace, along with the blowing of hot air with pressure, a spindle-shaped combustion space is formed at the front end of each tuyere, the injected coal dust and the coke entering the furnace are combusted inside, and reducing gas and necessary heat required by chemical reaction are generated; at the same time, the presence of coke, etc., which burns at its edges, also brings the necessary space for the charge to descend, so that it can be used to complete the smelting of pig iron. It can therefore be said that the form of the raceway (note: length, width, height and volume, etc.) is decisive for how active the blast furnace is, and for the smelting process.
The blast furnace is used as a closed high-temperature high-pressure black box operation body, the solid, liquid and gas phases in the blast furnace coexist, and in addition, the complex physical and chemical reaction process is also accompanied, so that the environment in the blast furnace is not more complex than the complex environment, and the understanding of the blast furnace is also very difficult. The modern blast furnace is planed and sampled and the like, and research results show that: the formation of the convolution zone, or the form of the convolution zone, is influenced by a plurality of factors, wherein external factors are related to the air volume, the hot air pressure, the oxygen enrichment, the quantity of injected coal powder and the like, and internal factors are related to the existence of materials in the hearth, such as the coke granularity of the convolution zone, the retained quantity of iron slag and the like. Therefore, under the influence of such complicated and variable factors, it is still difficult to obtain the tuyere raceway form information of different blast furnaces and different operation states. The in-furnace sampling technology of modern large-scale blast furnaces is a method for obtaining materials in the furnaces by utilizing sampling tubes matched with tuyere samplers and penetrating the sampling tubes into the furnaces after different blast furnaces stop blowing, and is also one of mature technologies. And the necessary detection and analysis can be carried out on the taken materials in the furnace, and data such as coke granularity, slag iron retention proportion, cyclone zone length and the like can be obtained, so that the accurate understanding of the material state in the cyclone zone can be facilitated. Since the structure of the cyclotron is complex and is related to many parameters, it is necessary to find a suitable method for analyzing the form of the cyclotron, such as length, width, height, volume, etc. The method is feasible at present, and is characterized in that material information in the blast furnace is acquired by using a tuyere sampling technology, and a necessary mathematical relation between a convolution area and operation parameters of the blast furnace at the stage is established, so that the convolution area form analysis is obtained.
Most of the research on the tuyere raceway exists in the analytical research on the length of the tuyere raceway, the internal combustion form, the temperature field and the like. The research method of the technology adopts the following research means: the method is characterized in that the method adopts the existing theory, utilizes a computer mathematical modeling method, utilizes the data which can be collected, combines the existing thermodynamics and other related theories, and carries out theoretical calculation, thereby analyzing key parameters such as a temperature field and the like in the convolution region; the method adopts a laboratory simulation method, obtains partial parameters through the experiment of laboratory equipment, and expresses the existence state of the convolution region; furthermore, the method is similar to the method of manually determining the length, the activity degree and the like of the convolution area by means of traditional experience and matching with part of simple measured data according to the production surface condition of the blast furnace. Although the existing technologies have certain reference values and certain applications in practice, it is pointed out that the technologies either lack accurate calculation parameters and have larger analysis result errors; or it is of no reference value for the convolution analysis, and the core parameters of the composition forms important for the tuyere convolution, such as width, height and volume, are still less mentioned, and the accuracy of the analysis remains to be questioned, but more for the length. Therefore, it is further desired to find a reliable and practical method for accurately understanding the frame structure of the tuyere raceway in the furnace so as to provide a technical reference for improving the operation status of the blast furnace.
And as the black box operation body, under the condition that the internal condition is not more complicated, the operation state of the blast furnace is clearly mastered, so that necessary technical reference is provided for reasonable operation, and the tuyere raceway form is also required to be analyzed. The study aiming at the tuyere raceway is mostly carried out on the length of the tuyere raceway by utilizing a tuyere sampling technology, such as: patent CN106767611A discloses a method for measuring the length of a tuyere raceway of a COREX melter-gasifier; patent CN101121949A, discloses a method for measuring the length of a blast furnace convolution zone; patent CN204022856U discloses a length measuring device for a tuyere raceway of a blast furnace, in which the length of the raceway is determined by finding out the points of the coke mutations (note: the variation positions of the coke particle size, the coke porosity, etc.) at the hearth part through the methods of actual measurement and theoretical analysis in such documents, which has strong practical significance and is relatively accurate, and is applied to many metallurgical enterprises, and the result thereof can also be used as a basis for determining the length of the raceway. Furthermore, the method of numerical modeling by using a computer is used to obtain the internal form of the convolution region by a theoretical calculation method, such as: patent CN113343440A discloses a method for constructing a three-dimensional temperature field of a blast furnace tuyere raceway based on image data; patent CN113283079A discloses a method for calculating and monitoring the boundary of a tuyere convolution area of a blast furnace in real time; patent CN106815405A, discloses a method and a system for calculating the depth of a blast furnace tuyere raceway; patent CN113177364A discloses a modeling method for soft measurement of temperature in a tuyere raceway of a blast furnace; the patent CN104457606A discloses a blast furnace convolution area imaging system and imaging method, these inventions create, establish a three-dimensional temperature field model of a tuyere convolution area through image data, firstly obtain method technologies such as image information in the blast furnace tuyere convolution area, or establish a depth calculation model of the convolution area according to the formation principle of the blast furnace tuyere convolution area, and then establish a boundary model of the blast furnace tuyere convolution area through the depth model of the blast furnace tuyere convolution area, thereby realizing the judgment on convolution area form. Some other methods and technologies are technologies for analyzing materials in a hearth by using some auxiliary means to further obtain information of a raceway, such as: patent CN107860680A discloses a method for analyzing the grain size composition and slag retention of blast furnace tuyere coke; patent CN108676944A discloses a method for evaluating the degree of coke deterioration in a blast furnace; patent CN205761751U discloses an automatic screening device for tuyere sampling samples, which is a method for analyzing materials in a raceway by using a furnace sampling technology, so as to obtain information such as tuyere coke particle size distribution and slag retention, and further adjust raw material preparation schemes such as coking coal and ore according to analysis results, thereby realizing stable and smooth operation of a blast furnace. In addition, CN109487023A discloses a method for judging the working state of a furnace hearth; patent CN110343795A discloses a quantitative characterization method for blast furnace hearth activity; patent CN106834572A discloses a hearth activity quantification method for monitoring the activity of a blast furnace hearth; patent CN112111617A discloses a method for quantitatively evaluating activity index of blast furnace hearth, which adopts means such as calculation, and provides more judgment basis for realizing multi-angle and all-around monitoring of hearth activity state by integrating new furnace temperature forecasting model, physical thermal index model, theoretical combustion temperature calculation optimization model, hearth working tapping index model, copper cooling wall hot surface condition calculation model, rist operating line calculation model, etc., thereby reflecting hearth region activity degree and state, and improving important judgment basis and technical basis for guiding lower regulation of blast furnace. However, it should be noted that although such techniques are not necessarily related to the rotor zone in the lower part of the furnace, a specific analysis method in the form of the rotor zone is not provided here.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for analyzing the height of a tuyere raceway by using a hearth sampling means, a large tuyere sampler is used for sampling, physical properties of materials in a furnace are analyzed to obtain partial parameters of the materials, the height of the tuyere raceway is analyzed by combining blast furnace operation data, and the height of the tuyere raceway with different effective furnace capacities is accurately analyzed, so that necessary technical reference is provided for evaluating the activity of a blast furnace, and the aim of improving the operation state of the blast furnace is fulfilled.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for analyzing the height of a tuyere raceway by utilizing a hearth sampling means comprises the following steps:
1) Sampling blast furnaces with different effective furnace volumes within the damping-down time of the blast furnaces
Feeding the sampling pipe into the furnace hearth along the radial direction of the tuyere, and sampling in a tuyere convolution area and a dead material column at the position of the furnace hearth; wherein the material taken by the sampling tube is divided equidistantly from the side of the dead material column; then numbering according to different sampling positions in sequence;
2) The sample in the step 1) is separated into coke and iron slag in different samples in a magnetic absorption mode, and the detention quantity of the coke and the iron slag at different sampling positions in the furnace is distinguished; screening the coke to obtain the particle size fraction and the quality of the coke at different sampling positions and obtain the average particle size of the coke at corresponding positions;
3) Drawing a coke grain size change trend line from the side of a furnace wall to the radial depth of a furnace core part by taking an abscissa as a sampling position and an ordinate as an average particle size of coke in the furnace as a coordinate axis, taking the position with the maximum slope of the coke grain size change trend line in the furnace as a boundary basis for judging a convolution area and a dead charge column, distinguishing an air outlet convolution area and a dead charge column area, and recording the convolution area length and the dead charge column length under the radius of a furnace cylinder;
4) The retention quantity of coke and iron slag in the rotary area and the dead material column area is calculated to obtain the retention ratio P of coke and iron slag in the rotary area and the dead material column 1 、P 2 ；
5) The coke grain grades at different sampling positions in the convolution area and the dead material column area are counted, and the average grain grade K of the coke in the convolution area and the dead material column is calculated by utilizing a mathematical weighting mode 1 、K 2 ；
6) The convolution height is obtained using the following calculation:
in the formula (1), H is the height of a tuyere raceway and is mm; k 1 The average particle size of coke in the convolution area is mm; p 1 The retention ratio of the slag iron in the convolution area is percent; k is 2 The average particle size of coke in the dead material column is mm; p 2 The retention proportion of slag iron in the dead material column is percent; d is the diameter of the tuyere and mm; HW is the flow of hot air blown in, m 3 Min; WP is the pressure of hot blast, kPa; OER is oxygen enrichment rate of blown hot air,%; PCI is the coal injection ratio per ton of iron, kg/t; a. The 1 Is constant and takes the value of 0.93,mm; b 1 Is constant and takes a value of 1.28,mm;
alpha is dimension correction coefficient, the value is 1.03 mm -1 (ii) a Beta is a dimensional correction coefficient, the value is 0.32mm -1 (ii) a Chi is a dimensional correction coefficient and takes the value of 1.81,
delta is a dimensional correction coefficient and takes the value of 1.85, t/kg.
D in the step 6) is the average tuyere diameter in the blast furnace production process within one month; HW is the hot air flow in the blast furnace production process within one month; WP is the hot air pressure in the blast furnace production process within one month; OER is the oxygen enrichment rate in the production process of the blast furnace within one month; PCI is the coal injection ratio in the blast furnace production process within one month.
The effective furnace volume is 1200m 3 ～6000m 3 。
Sampling operation of the blast furnace, and controlling the damping down time of the blast furnace to be not less than 10 hours.
The diameter of the sampling tube is 100 mm-150 mm, and the length of the sampling tube is 5 m-10 m.
The distance between the sampling positions is 20 cm-50 cm.
The average particle size of the coke in the convolution area and the dead material column is calculated by adopting the average particle size control range of the coke in the convolution area to be more than or equal to 10mm, and the average particle size control range of the coke in the dead material column to be more than or equal to 3mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method can analyze the physical properties of the materials in the blast furnace to obtain partial parameters of the materials, and analyze the height of the convolution area by combining with the operation data of the blast furnace, and can accurately analyze the heights of the convolution areas of the blast furnace with different effective furnace capacities after the method is adopted, thereby providing necessary technical reference for evaluating the activity of the blast furnace and achieving the aim of improving the operation state of the blast furnace.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below, but it should be noted that the practice of the invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
A method for analyzing the height of a tuyere raceway by using a hearth sampling means is characterized in that a tuyere sampler is used for sampling coke and iron slag in a blast furnace, and the blast furnace can be accurately judged by analyzing the height of the tuyere raceway and combining with technical and economic indexes of the blast furnace on the condition and the smelting system of the blast furnace, so that the adjustment of the coke load and the smelting system of the blast furnace is guided.
And (4) obtaining the average tuyere diameter, the hot air flow, the hot air pressure, the oxygen enrichment rate and the coal injection ratio of the blast furnace within one month before the statistical sampling work. The convolution height is obtained using the following calculation:
in formula (1):
h is the height of the tuyere raceway in mm; k 1 The average particle size fraction of coke in the convolution area is mm; p 1 Is the retention proportion of the slag iron in the convolution area; k 2 The average particle size fraction of coke in the dead material column is mm; p is 2 The retention proportion of slag iron in the dead material column is percent; d is the diameter of the tuyere and mm; HW is the flow of hot air blown in, m 3 Min; WP is the hot air blowing pressure, kPa; OER is oxygen enrichment rate of blown hot air,%; PCI is the ton iron injection coal ratio, kg/t.
A 1 Is constant and takes the value of 0.93,mm; b is 1 Is a constant, the value is 1.28,mm.
Alpha is dimension correction coefficient, the value is 1.03 mm -1 (ii) a Beta is a dimensional correction coefficient, the value is 0.32mm -1 (ii) a Chi is a dimensional correction coefficient and takes the value of 1.81,
delta is a dimensional correction coefficient, the value is 1.85,t/kg。
Example 1 (effective furnace volume 1800m in certain iron and steel works) 3 Blast furnace)
1.1 blast furnace operating parameters
Before sampling, the operation parameters of the average tuyere diameter, the hot air flow, the hot air pressure, the oxygen enrichment rate and the coal injection ratio in the blast furnace production process within one month are counted, and the operation parameters are detailed in table 1.
TABLE 1 blast furnace operating parameters
1.2 blast furnace hearth tuyere sampling
1800m for effective furnace volume of a certain steel plant 3 The blast furnace utilizes the wind gap sampler within 14 hours of the blast furnace damping down time, and is provided with a detachable sampling tube, a sampling tube cover plate, a sampling tube support trolley and a sample storage barrel. The air port sampling machine is hoisted by a crane or automatically driven to reach the air port platform, then is placed in a place in front of the position of the corresponding air port, is externally connected with cooling water by the air port sampling tube, and meanwhile, is placed in a sample storage barrel in the empty place.
Meanwhile, after the tuyere sampler is assembled, a belly pipe and a tuyere of the blast furnace at the position of the sample are removed. Firstly, adopting a track self-propelled mode of the tuyere sampler, feeding the sampling tube into a tuyere convolution area, then placing a sampling tube support trolley below the sampling tube until the sampling tube cannot enter in the track self-propelled mode, fixing the tuyere sampler, and connecting the tuyere sampler with a blast furnace body through a steel rope and a hook. Starting an air port sampler with a motor, forcibly feeding a sampling tube into a dead material column of a furnace cylinder in a cylinder pressurization mode, enabling the front end of the sampling tube to reach the central position of the dead material column, then extracting a movable sliding plate above the sampling tube, adopting a self-carrying vibration mode, vibrating and beating for 3-5 minutes, extracting the sampling tube inserted into the furnace in a crawler-type reverse running mode after the dead material column and materials in a convolution area in the furnace fall into the sampling tube, and covering a sampling tube cover plate on the upper part of the sampling tube extracted out of the furnace body in the process that the sampling tube is extracted out of the furnace body so as to prevent coke in the furnace from being exposed in the atmosphere to burn and influence the accuracy of an analysis result.
After the sampling operation in the furnace is completed, the sampling tube connected with the air port sampling machine is detached and placed in the empty part of the air port platform, the material taken out of the sampling tube is divided into intervals according to 30cm, the sampling position is compiled, the material is picked out by using the sample picking spoon, put into a sample storage barrel, cooled for 45 minutes, put into a sample bag for sealed storage, and numbered.
1.3 analysis of coke particle size and slag iron ratio
Then to the interior position material of different stoves of getting, utilize this magnetism of pig iron to inhale the principle that has magnetism, coke and the slag iron sample among the different samples of manual work sorting to carry out the mass weighing and record respectively, thereby distinguish the delay quantity of different sample position coke and slag iron in the stove. And screening the coke samples at different positions by using combined screens with different grain sizes under the mesh sizes of 30mm, 25mm, 20mm, 15mm, 10mm, 6.5mm, 5mm and 3mm of the screen meshes, sequentially carrying out grain size screening on the coke samples in the furnace, weighing and recording the grain sizes and the masses of the cokes at different sampling positions, and counting the average grain size of the cokes at the positions on the basis.
And aiming at the screening results of the average particle size of the coke at different positions, drawing a trend line of the change of the particle size of the coke in the furnace from the side of the furnace wall to the radial depth of the furnace core part by taking the abscissa as a sampling position and the ordinate as an axis, and taking the maximum slope of the trend line of the change of the particle size of the coke in the furnace as a boundary basis for judging a convolution area and a dead charge column, thereby distinguishing an air outlet convolution area and a dead charge column area. On the basis, the coke and iron slag retention quantity in the convolution area and the dead material column area is counted, and the coke and iron slag retention proportion in the convolution area and the dead material column area is calculated respectively on the basis. The coke particle size and the slag iron retention ratio in the hearth are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 Coke particle size and iron slag holdup ratio
1.4 analysis results of the front-end convolution region of the tuyere
After applying the calculation scheme (equation (1)), the height of the single tuyere raceway can be analyzed and the raceway height analysis results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 tuyere front convolution height
From the analysis results, the effective furnace volume is 1800m 3 The calculation result of the height of the convolution area at the front end of the blast furnace tuyere is 72.87mm, which indicates that the height of the convolution area is lower, namely, the improvement of the running state of the blast furnace can be realized by improving the raw fuel condition and adopting different reinforced smelting measures under the existing running state at the present stage if a better smelting effect is to be obtained.
Example 2 (effective furnace volume 2580m in certain iron and steel works) 3 Blast furnace)
2.1 blast furnace operating parameters
And (4) counting the operation parameters of the average tuyere diameter, the hot air flow, the hot air pressure, the oxygen enrichment rate and the coal injection ratio in the blast furnace production process within one month before sampling operation, wherein the operation parameters are detailed in a table 4.
TABLE 4 blast furnace operating parameters
2.2 blast furnace hearth tuyere sampling
2580m effective furnace volume for certain iron and steel plant 3 The blast furnace was sampled in the same manner as in example 1 during a 15-hour damping-down period of the blast furnace.
After sampling operation in the furnace is completed, the sampling tube connected with the air port sampling machine is dismounted and placed in the empty position of the air port platform, the distance of the materials taken out of the sampling tube is divided according to 25cm, the sampling position is compiled, the materials are picked out by using the sample picking spoon, put into a sample storage barrel, cooled for 50 minutes, put into a sample bag and stored in a sealed mode, and the samples are numbered.
2.3 analysis of coke particle size and slag iron ratio
The average particle size fraction of the coke at the corresponding position was counted by the same method as in example 1, and the retention ratio of the coke and the iron slag in the swirling area and the dead column was calculated. The coke particle size and the slag iron retention ratio in the hearth are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 Coke particle size and iron slag holdup ratio
2.4 analysis results of the front-end convolution region of tuyere
After applying the calculation scheme (equation (1)), the height of the single tuyere raceway can be analyzed and the raceway height analysis results are shown in table 6.
Height of front-end convolution zone of tuyere of watch 6
From the analysis results, the effective furnace volume is 2580m 3 The calculation result of the height of the convolute region at the front end of the blast furnace tuyere is 86.14mm, which indicates that the height of the convolute region is slightly low, namely that the improvement of the running state of the blast furnace can be realized by improving the raw fuel condition and adopting different strengthening smelting measures under the existing running state at the present stage if a better smelting effect is to be obtained.
Example 3 (effective furnace volume 3200m in certain iron and steel works) 3 Blast furnace)
3.1 blast furnace operating parameters
Before sampling, the average tuyere diameter, hot air flow, hot air pressure, oxygen enrichment rate and the operation parameters of the injection coal ratio in the production process of the blast furnace within one month are counted, and the operation parameters are detailed in a table 7.
TABLE 7 blast furnace operating parameters
3.2 blast furnace hearth tuyere sampling
3200m for effective furnace capacity of certain steel plant 3 The blast furnace was sampled in the same manner as in example 1 during a 15-hour damping-down period of the blast furnace.
After the sampling operation in the furnace is completed, the sampling tube connected with the air port sampling machine is detached and placed in the empty part of the air port platform, the material taken out of the sampling tube is divided into distances according to 35cm, the sampling position is compiled, the material is picked out by using the sample picking spoon, put into a sample storage barrel, cooled for 40 minutes, put into a sample bag for sealed storage, and numbered.
3.3 analysis of coke particle size and slag iron ratio
The average particle size fraction of the coke at the corresponding position was counted by the same method as in example 1, and the retention ratio of the coke and the iron slag in the raceway and the dead column was calculated. The coke particle size and the slag iron retention ratio in the hearth are shown in Table 8.
TABLE 8 Coke particle size and slag iron retention ratio
3.4 analysis results of the front-end convolution region of tuyere
After applying the calculation scheme (formula (1)), the height of the single tuyere raceway can be analyzed and the results of the raceway height analysis are shown in Table 9.
Height of front convolution zone of tuyere of watch 9
From the analysis results, the effective furnace volume is 3200m 3 Blast furnace tuyereThe calculation result of the front end convolution area height is 90.32mm, which indicates that the convolution area height is slightly low, namely, the better smelting effect is required to be obtained, and the improvement of the blast furnace running state can be realized by improving the raw fuel condition and adopting different strengthening smelting measures under the existing running state at the present stage.
Example 4 (effective furnace volume 4038m of certain iron and steel works) 3 Blast furnace)
4.1 blast furnace operating parameters
Before sampling, the operation parameters of the average tuyere diameter, the hot air flow, the hot air pressure, the oxygen enrichment rate and the injection coal ratio in the production process of the blast furnace within one month are counted, and the operation parameters are detailed in a table 10.
TABLE 10 blast furnace operating parameters
4.2 blast furnace hearth tuyere sampling
4038m for effective furnace volume of certain steel plant 3 The blast furnace was sampled in the same manner as in example 1 during a 16-hour blast time.
After the sampling operation in the furnace is completed, the sampling tube connected with the air port sampling machine is detached and placed in the empty position of the air port platform, the material taken out of the sampling tube is divided into distances according to 40cm, the sampling position is compiled, the material is picked out by using the sample picking spoon, put into a sample storage barrel, cooled for 60 minutes, put into a sample bag for sealing storage, and numbered.
4.3 analysis of coke particle size and slag iron ratio
The average particle size fraction of the coke at the corresponding position was counted by the same method as in example 1, and the retention ratio of the coke and the iron slag in the raceway and the dead column was calculated. The coke particle size and the slag iron retention ratio in the hearth are shown in Table 11.
TABLE 11 Coke particle size and slag iron retention ratio
4.4 analysis results of the front-end convolution region of the tuyere
After applying the calculation scheme (equation (1)), the height of the single tuyere raceway can be analyzed, and the raceway height analysis results are shown in table 12.
Height of convolute region at front end of tuyere of meter 12
From the analysis result, the effective furnace volume 4038m is aimed at 3 The calculation result of the height of the rotary area at the front end of the blast furnace tuyere is 107.30mm, which shows that the height of the rotary area is still enough and the quality of the raw fuel is better, namely, the better smelting effect is obtained, and the corresponding smelting system and the quality level of the raw fuel at the current stage are maintained.
Example 5 (effective furnace volume 5500m in certain iron and steel works) 3 Blast furnace)
5.1 blast furnace operating parameters
Before sampling, the average tuyere diameter, hot air flow, hot air pressure, oxygen enrichment rate and the operation parameters of the injection coal ratio in the production process of the blast furnace within one month are counted, and the operation parameters are detailed in table 13.
TABLE 13 blast furnace operating parameters
5.2 blast furnace hearth tuyere sampling
5500m effective furnace volume for certain iron and steel plant 3 The blast furnace was sampled in the same manner as in example 1 during 18 hours of the blast furnace downtime.
After sampling operation in the furnace is completed, the sampling tube connected with the air port sampling machine is dismounted and placed in the empty position of the air port platform, the distance of the materials taken out of the sampling tube is divided according to 30cm, the sampling position is compiled, the materials are picked out by using the sample picking spoon, put into a sample storage barrel, cooled for 60 minutes, put into a sample bag, sealed and stored, and numbered.
5.3 analysis of coke particle size and slag iron ratio
The average particle size fraction of the coke at the corresponding position was counted by the same method as in example 1, and the retention ratio of the coke and the iron slag in the swirling area and the dead column was calculated. The coke particle size and the slag iron retention ratio in the hearth are shown in Table 14.
TABLE 14 Coke particle size and iron slag holdup ratio
5.4 analysis results of the front-end convolution region of tuyere
After applying the calculation scheme (equation (1)), the height of the single tuyere raceway can be analyzed and the results of the raceway height analysis are shown in Table 15.
Height of front convolution zone of tuyere of watch 15
From the analysis results, the effective furnace volume is 5500m 3 The calculation result of the height of the rotary area at the front end of the blast furnace tuyere is 112.64mm, which shows that the height of the rotary area is still enough and the quality of the raw fuel is better, namely, the better smelting effect is obtained, and the corresponding smelting system and the quality level of the raw fuel at the current stage are maintained.
Claims (7)
1. A method for analyzing the height of a tuyere raceway by utilizing a hearth sampling means is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Sampling blast furnaces with different effective furnace volumes within the damping-down time of the blast furnaces
The sampling pipe is radially sent into the furnace hearth along the tuyere, and the sampling is carried out in a tuyere convolution region and a dead charge column at the furnace hearth; wherein the material taken by the sampling tube is divided equidistantly from the side of the dead material column; then numbering according to different sampling positions in sequence;
2) The sample in the step 1) is magnetically attracted to sort out coke and iron slag in different samples, and the retention quantity of the coke and the iron slag in different sampling positions in the furnace is distinguished; screening the coke to obtain the particle size fraction and the quality of the coke at different sampling positions and obtain the average particle size of the coke at corresponding positions;
3) Taking an abscissa as a sampling position and an ordinate as an average particle size of coke in the furnace as a coordinate axis, drawing a coke particle size change trend line from the side of a furnace wall to the radial depth of a furnace core part, taking the maximum slope of the coke particle size change trend line in the furnace as a boundary basis for judging a convolution region and a dead charge column, distinguishing an air outlet convolution region and a dead charge column region, and recording the convolution region length and the dead charge column length under the radius of a furnace cylinder;
4) According to the retention quantity of coke and iron slag in the rotating area and the dead material column area, the retention ratio P of coke and iron slag in the rotating area and the dead material column is calculated 1 、P 2 ；
5) The coke particle size statistics of different sampling positions in the convolution area and the dead material column area are carried out, and the average particle size K of the coke in the convolution area and the dead material column is calculated by utilizing a mathematical weighting mode 1 、K 2 ；
6) The convolution height is obtained using the following calculation:
in the formula (1), H is the height of a tuyere raceway and is mm; k 1 The average particle size of coke in the convolution area is mm; p is 1 The retention ratio of the slag iron in the convolution area is percent; k 2 The average particle size of coke in the dead material column is mm; p 2 Is the retention proportion of the slag iron in the dead material column,%; d is the diameter of the tuyere and mm; HW is the flow of hot air blown in, m 3 Min; WP is the hot air blowing pressure, kPa; OER is oxygen enrichment rate of blown hot air,%; PCI is the coal injection ratio per ton of iron, kg/t; a. The 1 Is constant and takes the value of 0.93,mm; b 1 Is constant and takes a value of 1.28,mm;
alpha is dimension correction coefficient, the value is 1.03 mm -1 ；βThe dimension correction coefficient is 0.32mm -1 (ii) a Chi is a dimensional correction coefficient and takes a value of 1.81,
delta is a dimensional correction coefficient, the value is 1.85, t/kg.
2. The method for analyzing the tuyere raceway height by means of hearth sampling according to claim 1, wherein D in step 6) is an average tuyere diameter in a blast furnace production process within one month; HW is the average hot air flow in the production process of the blast furnace within one month; WP is the hot air pressure in the blast furnace production process within one month; OER is the average oxygen enrichment rate in the production process of the blast furnace within one month; PCI is the average injected coal ratio in the production process of the blast furnace within one month.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the effective furnace volume is 1200m 3 ～6000m 3 。
4. The method for analyzing the tuyere raceway height by means of hearth sampling according to claim 1, wherein the blast furnace sampling operation is carried out while the blast furnace damping-down time is controlled to be not less than 10 hours.
5. The method for analyzing the tuyere raceway height by means of hearth sampling according to claim 1, wherein said sampling tube has a diameter of 100mm to 150mm and a length of 5m to 10m.
6. The method for analyzing the height of the tuyere raceway by means of hearth sampling according to claim 1, wherein said sampling positions are spaced apart by a distance of 20cm to 50cm.
7. The method for analyzing the height of the tuyere raceway by means of hearth sampling according to claim 1, wherein the average particle size of the coke in the raceway and in the dead stock column is calculated by controlling the average particle size of the coke in the raceway to be not less than 10mm and controlling the average particle size of the coke in the dead stock column to be not less than 3mm.
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