CN114752358A - Energy-saving environment-friendly working medium for heat pump boiler - Google Patents
Energy-saving environment-friendly working medium for heat pump boiler Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114752358A CN114752358A CN202210386300.2A CN202210386300A CN114752358A CN 114752358 A CN114752358 A CN 114752358A CN 202210386300 A CN202210386300 A CN 202210386300A CN 114752358 A CN114752358 A CN 114752358A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- working medium
- heat pump
- energy
- temperature
- mixed working
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
- C09K5/042—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising compounds containing carbon and hydrogen only
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/006—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant containing more than one component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of refrigerants, and discloses an energy-saving environment-friendly working medium for a heat pump boiler, which is a ternary working medium consisting of three components, namely isobutane (R600a), pentane (R601) and isopentane (R601 a); and the mass percentage concentration of each component in the mixed working medium is as follows: 80-85% of isobutane (R600a), 1-12% of pentane (R601) and 8-19% of isopentane (R601 a). The ternary mixed working medium obtained by controlling the detailed components forming the working medium, the mass ratio of each component and the like can especially prepare the heating temperature of 110 ℃ or above, and can be applied to the field of high-temperature heat pumps to directly replace industrial boilers burning fossil energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of refrigerants, and particularly relates to an energy-saving environment-friendly working medium for a heat pump boiler, which can be applied to the fields of heat pumps and refrigeration, particularly the field of high-temperature heat pumps, and can be applied to the heat pump boiler and an industrial boiler for replacing fossil energy.
Background
The industrial heat supply accounts for more than 50% of the total industrial energy consumption, the industrial boiler is a main source of the industrial heat supply, according to statistics, the industrial boiler in China consumes 1/3 of raw coal accounting for about the total annual output, and is one of the main sources of carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide emission in China, measures for strictly limiting the use of the coal-fired boiler in urban areas are adopted by various large and medium cities, and the industrial boilers in some urban areas are switched to burning natural gas and gasoline and diesel oil. However, as the threat to human survival caused by climate change becomes more serious, the paris agreement on greenhouse gas emission reduction is globally agreed. The "carbon peak and carbon neutralization" is also increasingly important. Industrial boilers burning fossil energy that produce carbon dioxide are about to be upgraded or eliminated. Heat pump boilers, in particular air-source heat pump boilers, are the preferred alternative to fossil energy fired industrial boilers.
Industrial boilers are classified into hot water boilers and steam boilers according to their uses. For a hot water boiler with the temperature below 100 ℃, among the commonly used heat pump working media at present, a heat pump adopting R134a as the working media can be used for preparing hot water with the temperature of about 70 ℃. And the heat pump adopting R515B as working medium can produce temperature around 90 deg.c. In the field of steam boilers with the temperature of over 100 ℃, although a heat pump adopting R142b as a working medium can produce steam with the temperature of about 110 ℃ at most, the ozone depletion potential ODP of R142b is 0.057, has the capability of destroying the ozone layer, and the global warming potential GWP is 1980, has very strong global warming potential and certain flammability in safety, belongs to substances of A2 class, and is listed in Montreal protocol and the substances of which the correction scheme needs to be eliminated in 2030. In actual industrial production, such as drying of a plurality of materials, steam with the temperature of about 110 ℃ is a common industrial heat supply source. Therefore, finding a heat pump working medium capable of obtaining the temperature of 110 ℃ and above is the key of replacing a 110 ℃ steam industrial boiler with a heat pump boiler.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an energy-saving environment-friendly working medium for a heat pump boiler, wherein a ternary mixed working medium is obtained by controlling the detailed components forming the working medium and the mass ratio of the components, and the like, the ternary mixed working medium can especially prepare the heating temperature of 110 ℃ or above, and can be applied to the field of high-temperature heat pumps (such as being applied to the heat pump boiler as the working medium) to directly replace an industrial boiler burning fossil energy so as to greatly reduce the emission of carbon dioxide, so that the energy-saving environment-friendly working medium has more excellent environment-friendly performance.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, an energy-saving and environment-friendly mixed working medium is provided, wherein the mixed working medium is a ternary mixed working medium composed of three components, i.e., isobutane (R600a), pentane (R601) and isopentane (R601 a); moreover, the mass percentage concentration of each component in the mixed working medium is as follows: 80-85% of isobutane (R600a), 1-12% of pentane (R601) and 8-19% of isopentane (R601 a).
As a further optimization of the invention, the mass percentage concentration of each component in the mixed working medium is as follows: isobutane (R600a) was 82% by mass, pentane (R601) was 9% by mass, and isopentane (R601a) was 9% by mass.
According to another aspect of the invention, the invention provides the application of the energy-saving and environment-friendly mixed working medium as a working medium of a heat pump.
As a further preferable aspect of the present invention, the heating temperature of the heat pump working medium can reach 110 ℃ or higher.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a heat pump, wherein the working medium is the energy-saving environment-friendly mixed working medium.
As a further preference of the invention, the heat pump is capable of producing steam at a temperature of 110 ℃ and above.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the advantages that the energy-saving and environment-friendly high-temperature heat pump working medium can achieve the following beneficial effects as the R600a/R601/R601a ternary mixed working medium (wherein the mass ratio of the isobutane (R600a) component in the mixed working medium is 80-85%, the mass ratio of the pentane (R601) component in the mixed working medium is 1-12%, and the mass ratio of the isopentane (R601a) component in the mixed working medium is 8-19%) is constructed by adopting the isobutane (R600a), the pentane (R601) and the isopentane (R601a) in specific proportions:
1. the heating temperature can reach 110 ℃ and above, and the boiler can replace an industrial boiler burning fossil energy. The specific heating temperature of the R600a/R601/R601a ternary mixed system is comprehensively influenced by the proportion of each component, the invention controls the proportion of isobutane (R600a) in the whole system to be 80-85%, the proportion of pentane (R601) in the whole system to be 1-12% and the proportion of isopentane (R601a) in the whole system to be 8-19%, so that the specific heating temperature of the whole ternary mixed system can reach 110 ℃ or above and can reach 135 ℃ at most (of course, the ternary mixed working medium in the invention is also suitable for the condition that the heating temperature is lower than 110 ℃).
2. The working temperature range is wide, the whole heat pump system is still in a positive pressure state when the evaporation temperature is as low as-9 ℃, so that the air energy in the nature is fully utilized, and the external air is prevented from leaking into the system when leakage occurs;
3. the sliding temperature is less than 11 ℃, which is consistent with the superheat degree of a common refrigeration heat pump system, so that no special requirement is made on the superheat degree of the system.
4. When the heating temperature (condensation temperature) is 110 ℃, the condensation pressure is lower than 3.0MPa, so that no special requirement is made on the pressure bearing capacity of the system.
5. Under the conditions that the evaporation temperature is 10 ℃ and the condensation temperature is 110 ℃, the heating coefficient is more than 2.233, and the pressure ratio is controlled to be about 10, so that the single-stage compression heat pump can be realized.
And 6, the ODP value is zero, and the GWP value is only about 20 and can be ignored, so that the method has obvious environmental protection advantages.
In addition, based on the invention, when preparing the target ternary mixed working medium, three component substances of isobutane (R600a), pentane (R601) and isopentane (R601a) can be physically mixed at normal temperature according to the specified mass ratio.
In conclusion, the ternary energy-saving environment-friendly high-temperature heat pump mixed working medium has the advantages that the ternary mixed refrigerant of R600a/R601/R601a is constructed by isobutane (R600a), pentane (R601) and isopentane (R601a) in a specific ratio, can be applied to the fields of heat pumps and refrigeration, can be particularly applied to the field of high-temperature heat pumps, can be used for heat pump boilers and industrial boilers for replacing fossil energy sources, and is a ternary energy-saving environment-friendly high-temperature heat pump mixed working medium.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the respective embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
In the specific implementation of the invention, the used components R600a, R601 and R601a are all working media commonly used in the technical field of refrigeration and low temperature. In the mixed working medium obtained based on the invention, the sum of the mass percent concentration of each component is 100%, wherein the mass percent of isobutane (R600a) is 80-85%, the mass percent of pentane (R601) is 1-12%, and the mass percent of isopentane is (R601a) 8-19%.
Example 1
R600a, R601 and R601a refrigerants which are commonly used in the refrigerant field are taken and fully and physically mixed in a liquid phase state, wherein the mass percent of the R600a is 80%, the mass percent of the R601 is 12%, and the mass percent of the R601a is 8%, so that the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant is obtained.
Example 2
R600a, R601 and R601a refrigerants which are commonly used in the refrigerant field are taken and fully and physically mixed in a liquid phase state, wherein the mass percent of the R600a is 80%, the mass percent of the R601 is 1%, and the mass percent of the R601a is 19%, so that the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant is obtained.
Example 3
R600a, R601 and R601a refrigerants commonly used in the refrigerant field are taken and fully and physically mixed in a liquid phase state, wherein the R600a accounts for 82% by mass, the R601 accounts for 9% by mass and the R601a accounts for 9% by mass, and the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant is obtained.
Example 4
R600a, R601 and R601a refrigerants commonly used in the refrigerant field are taken and fully and physically mixed in a liquid phase state, wherein the mass percent of the R600a is 85%, the mass percent of the R601 is 7%, and the mass percent of the R601a is 8%, so that the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant is obtained.
Example 5
R600a, R601 and R601a refrigerants which are commonly used in the refrigerant field are taken and fully and physically mixed in a liquid phase state, wherein the mass percent of R600a is 85%, the mass percent of R601 is 1%, and the mass percent of R601a is 14%, so that the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant is obtained.
The basic physical properties of the three components isobutane (R600a), pentane (R601) and isopentane (R601a) used in the above examples are shown in table 1:
table 1: r600a, R601 and R601a physical Property parameters
| Parameter(s) | R601 | R601a | R600a |
| Molecular formula | C5H12 | CH3CH(CH3)CH2CH3 | CH3CH(CH3)CH3 |
| Relative molecular mass | 72 | 72.15 | 58.1 |
| Latent heat of vaporization (0.1013MPa) kJ/kg | 357.71 | 343.3 | 365.11 |
| Normal boiling point℃ | 36.06 | 27.83 | -11.75 |
| Critical pressure MPa | 3.3675 | 3.378 | 3.629 |
| Critical temperature of | 196.55 | 187.2 | 134.66 |
| Critical density kg/m3 | 231.6 | 236.0 | 225.5 |
| ODP | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| GWP | ～20 | ～20 | ～20 |
The mixed working medium obtained for each example:
the calculation conditions are as follows: the evaporation temperature was 10 deg.C, the condensation temperature was 110 deg.C, the subcooling temperature was 105 deg.C, and the superheating temperature was 21 deg.C. The compression process in the theoretical cycle calculation process is isentropic compression.
Theoretical cycle calculation mainly aims at relevant comparison of key parameters such as pressure ratio, unit volume refrigerating capacity, heating coefficient, boiling point (bubble point) temperature, slip temperature and critical temperature, and the comparison parameter results are shown in table 2:
table 2: theoretical cycle calculation parameter of working condition of high-temperature heat pump
Note: the pressure ratio is the ratio of the condensing pressure to the evaporating pressure; the evaporation pressure was taken as the saturated liquid pressure at 10 ℃ and the condensation pressure was taken as the saturated liquid pressure at 110 ℃.
The results show that:
1. the critical temperature of all the embodiments is higher than 143 ℃, so the heating temperature can reach 110 ℃ and above (the highest temperature can reach 135 ℃), and the heat pump boiler used as the working medium can replace an industrial boiler burning fossil energy;
2. the bubble point temperature is about-8 ℃, the working temperature range is wide, the whole heat pump system is still in a positive pressure state when the evaporation temperature is as low as about-9 ℃, the air energy of the nature can be fully utilized, and the external air is prevented from leaking into the system when leakage occurs;
3. the slippage temperature is less than 11 ℃, and is consistent with the superheat degree of a common refrigeration heat pump system, so that no special requirement is imposed on the superheat degree of the system;
4. when the heating temperature (condensation temperature) is 110 ℃, the condensation pressure is about 2.0MPa, so that no special requirement is imposed on the pressure-bearing capacity of the system;
5. Under the conditions that the evaporation temperature is 10 ℃ and the condensation temperature is 110 ℃, the heating coefficients are all more than 2.233, the energy-saving effect is obvious, and the pressure ratio is controlled to be about 10, so that the single-stage compression heat pump can be realized;
and 6, the ODP value is zero, and the GWP value is only about 20 and can be ignored, so that the method has obvious environmental protection advantages.
Therefore, the heat pump boiler serving as the working medium can directly replace an industrial boiler for burning fossil energy for preparing steam with the temperature of 110 ℃ or above.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An energy-saving environment-friendly mixed working medium is characterized in that the mixed working medium is a ternary mixed working medium consisting of three components of isobutane (R600a), pentane (R601) and isopentane (R601 a); moreover, the mass percentage concentration of each component in the mixed working medium is as follows: 80-85% of isobutane (R600a), 1-12% of pentane (R601) and 8-19% of isopentane (R601 a).
2. An energy-saving environment-friendly mixed working medium as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass percentage concentration of each component in the mixed working medium is as follows: isobutane (R600a) was 82% by mass, pentane (R601) was 9% by mass, and isopentane (R601a) was 9% by mass.
3. Use of an energy-saving and environmentally friendly mixed working fluid as claimed in claim 1 or 2 as a working fluid for heat pumps.
4. Use according to claim 3, characterized in that the heating temperature of the heat pump medium can reach 110 ℃ and above.
5. A heat pump, characterized in that the working medium is the energy-saving and environment-friendly mixed working medium as claimed in claim 1 or 2.
6. The heat pump of claim 5, wherein the heat pump is capable of producing steam at a temperature of 110 ℃ and above.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210386300.2A CN114752358B (en) | 2022-04-13 | 2022-04-13 | Energy-saving environment-friendly working medium for heat pump boiler |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210386300.2A CN114752358B (en) | 2022-04-13 | 2022-04-13 | Energy-saving environment-friendly working medium for heat pump boiler |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114752358A true CN114752358A (en) | 2022-07-15 |
| CN114752358B CN114752358B (en) | 2023-07-04 |
Family
ID=82331394
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210386300.2A Active CN114752358B (en) | 2022-04-13 | 2022-04-13 | Energy-saving environment-friendly working medium for heat pump boiler |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114752358B (en) |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1896174A (en) * | 2006-06-26 | 2007-01-17 | 浙江蓝天环保高科技股份有限公司 | CFC-12 substituting environmental-protective cryogen |
| EP2014880A1 (en) * | 2007-07-09 | 2009-01-14 | Universiteit Gent | An improved combined heat power system |
| CN101892033A (en) * | 2010-07-09 | 2010-11-24 | 天津大学 | Hydrocarbon-containing medium-high temperature heat pump mixture |
| CN104059614A (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2014-09-24 | 安徽超美发动机测试用油有限公司 | Mixing paraffin refrigerant |
| US20140318171A1 (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2014-10-30 | Stp S.R.L. | High performance heat pump unit |
| CN104342264A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-02-11 | 武汉杰生润滑科技有限公司 | Refrigerating machine oil composition |
| CN112409994A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-26 | 湖北瑞能华辉能源管理有限公司 | Multi-alternative environment-friendly hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant and application thereof |
| CN113004870A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-22 | 青岛万宝压缩机有限公司 | Refrigerant mixture, mixed working medium and compressor |
| CN114163977A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-03-11 | 湖北瑞能华辉能源管理有限公司 | Energy-saving environment-friendly hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant directly replacing R134a and application thereof |
-
2022
- 2022-04-13 CN CN202210386300.2A patent/CN114752358B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1896174A (en) * | 2006-06-26 | 2007-01-17 | 浙江蓝天环保高科技股份有限公司 | CFC-12 substituting environmental-protective cryogen |
| EP2014880A1 (en) * | 2007-07-09 | 2009-01-14 | Universiteit Gent | An improved combined heat power system |
| CN101892033A (en) * | 2010-07-09 | 2010-11-24 | 天津大学 | Hydrocarbon-containing medium-high temperature heat pump mixture |
| US20140318171A1 (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2014-10-30 | Stp S.R.L. | High performance heat pump unit |
| CN104059614A (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2014-09-24 | 安徽超美发动机测试用油有限公司 | Mixing paraffin refrigerant |
| CN104342264A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-02-11 | 武汉杰生润滑科技有限公司 | Refrigerating machine oil composition |
| CN112409994A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-26 | 湖北瑞能华辉能源管理有限公司 | Multi-alternative environment-friendly hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant and application thereof |
| CN113004870A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-22 | 青岛万宝压缩机有限公司 | Refrigerant mixture, mixed working medium and compressor |
| CN114163977A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-03-11 | 湖北瑞能华辉能源管理有限公司 | Energy-saving environment-friendly hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant directly replacing R134a and application thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 王羽平: "用于ORC发电系统的混合工质R601a/R600a的实验研究", 《中国电机工程学报》 * |
| 赵海波: "制冷剂的模糊综合选择", 《2012国际制冷技术交流会论文集》 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114752358B (en) | 2023-07-04 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Jiang et al. | A review and perspective on industry high-temperature heat pumps | |
| CN103808068A (en) | Refrigerating system | |
| CN110843457B (en) | Automobile air conditioner heat pump system adopting environment-friendly refrigerant | |
| CN112391145B (en) | Environment-friendly hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant replacing R134a and application thereof | |
| CN114149791B (en) | Energy-saving environment-friendly heat pump working medium capable of realizing high-temperature heating and application thereof | |
| Liang et al. | The latent application of ionic liquids in absorption refrigeration | |
| CN114752358B (en) | Energy-saving environment-friendly working medium for heat pump boiler | |
| CN114752359B (en) | Energy-saving environment-friendly working medium capable of replacing HFC245fa for heat pump boiler | |
| CN114350321B (en) | Energy-saving environment-friendly heat pump working medium and application thereof | |
| CN114752360B (en) | Energy-saving environment-friendly type engineering for heat pump boiler | |
| CN114106777B (en) | High-temperature energy-saving environment-friendly heat pump working medium and application thereof | |
| CN203704422U (en) | Refrigerating device | |
| CN114004079A (en) | Active carbon neutralization high-efficiency heat pump air conditioner working medium development method | |
| CN110257012B (en) | Organic Rankine cycle pentafluorobutane/cyclohexane working medium suitable for 270 ℃ heat source | |
| CN103045174A (en) | Environment-friendly medium-high temperature heat pump working medium containing dimethyl ether and iodotrifluoromethane | |
| CN101235274A (en) | Ternary near azeotropy mixture refrigerant adapted for single-stage compression refrigerating system | |
| CN115353863B (en) | Novel mixed working medium suitable for high-temperature heat pump | |
| KR101296520B1 (en) | Mixed refrigerant | |
| KR101421797B1 (en) | Mixed refrigerant for a refrigerator, air conditioner and power plant | |
| CN111944490B (en) | Mixed refrigerant, refrigerating system and air conditioner | |
| Zhou et al. | Review status on high temperature heat pumps | |
| CN114716975B (en) | Heat transfer working medium suitable for reverse Carnot circulation system | |
| ZHU et al. | Operating characteristic analysis of seven kinds of alternative refrigerants to R22 under low-temperature conditions | |
| CN1070220C (en) | Azeotropic mixture refrigerant used as substitut for freon 12 | |
| Yuqing et al. | The influence of internal heat exchanger on energy efficiency and environmental effects of the Heat Pump using Low-GWP Refrigerants as substitutes |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |