CN114163977A - Energy-saving environment-friendly hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant directly replacing R134a and application thereof - Google Patents
Energy-saving environment-friendly hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant directly replacing R134a and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114163977A CN114163977A CN202111355873.0A CN202111355873A CN114163977A CN 114163977 A CN114163977 A CN 114163977A CN 202111355873 A CN202111355873 A CN 202111355873A CN 114163977 A CN114163977 A CN 114163977A
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- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RAOIDOHSFRTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrothiophene Chemical compound C1CCSC1 RAOIDOHSFRTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 and particularly Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009924 canning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
- C09K5/042—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising compounds containing carbon and hydrogen only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/34—The mixture being non-azeotropic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/40—Replacement mixtures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of refrigerants, and particularly relates to an energy-saving environment-friendly hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant directly replacing R134a and application thereof. The hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 32 to 38 percent of propane (R290) and 68 to 62 percent of isobutane (R600 a). Compared with R134a, the energy-saving environment-friendly hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant directly replacing R134a has the advantages that the refrigerating capacity per unit volume is equivalent under the same working condition, the compressor does not need to be redesigned, the theoretical coefficient of performance (COP) is about 10 percent higher, the obvious energy-saving effect is achieved, the exhaust temperature of the compressor is low, the reliability and the service life of the compressor are improved, the compression ratio is small, the gas transmission coefficient is improved, the irreversible loss in the compression process is reduced, and the energy efficiency of a refrigerating system is further improved. The hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant provided by the invention has good solubility with lubricating oil and mineral oil which are commonly used in R134a, and can be directly used for replacing R134 a.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of refrigerants, and particularly relates to an energy-saving environment-friendly hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant directly replacing R134a and application thereof.
Background
R134a is widely used in refrigeration systems such as refrigerators, freezers, automobile air conditioners, and large-scale water chilling units because of its non-toxicity, non-flammability, non-destruction to the ozone layer, and excellent thermal properties. However, as environmental concerns become more and more important, the use of R134a is beginning to be increasingly limited due to its higher global warming potential. The european union stipulated in 2004 that, since 2011, the GWP value of a refrigerant used in a vehicle air-conditioning system newly introduced by the european union country must be less than 150, and that starting in 2017, the use of a refrigerant having a GWP value of more than 150 for a vehicle air-conditioning system will be prohibited; moreover, the under-control of HFCs with high temperature chamber effect is enhanced by the under-control of the HFCs in 2016, and the use of the refrigerant such as R134a will be greatly reduced in the future. Indeed, in the field of refrigerator-freezers, R134a has been substantially replaced by the more environmentally friendly and energy efficient R600a refrigerant, in addition to small quantities of freezer still using R134a refrigerant.
However, the R600a replaces the R134a, so that the problems that the R600a has small refrigerating capacity per unit volume and the displacement of the R600a compressor needs to be larger under the same refrigerating capacity condition exist, or the refrigerating capacity per unit volume is close to that of the R600a compressor, but the COP value is not as good as that of the R600a compressor. In recent years, many researchers have developed refrigerant mixtures, and particularly, refrigerant mixtures of R290, and the like and R600a have been studied to find more suitable alternative refrigerants.
Application publication No. CN102775964A proposes a hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant composed of 63-100% of propane and 0-37% of isobutane, CN105441030A proposes a hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant composed of 60-100% of propane and 0-40% of isobutane, CN 101270274A proposes a hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant composed of 54-65% of propane and 30-40% of isobutane with 3-8% of lubricating oil, CN1740262A proposes two hydrocarbon mixed refrigerants respectively composed of 54% of propane and 45.5% of isobutane with 0.5% of tetrahydrothiophene, a hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant composed of 61% of propane and 38.5% of isobutane with 0.5% of tetrahydrothiophene, CN 101402847A proposes a hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant composed of 80-89% of propane and 11-20% of isobutane and CN 107603566A proposes a hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant composed of 66-100% of propane and 0-34% of isobutane, and the common characteristics of these mixed refrigerants are that the proportion of propane is larger than that of isobutane, the higher the refrigerating capacity per unit volume and the higher the exhaust temperature, and the larger the proportion of propane, the higher the refrigerating capacity per unit volume (much higher than that of R134 a), the lower the bubble point temperature at standard atmospheric pressure (much lower than the boiling point temperature of R134 a), and actually the closer to the case of R290 instead of R22, and the higher the exhaust temperature. Patent application No. CN 103604040A proposes a hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant consisting of 30% propane and 70% isobutane, and a canning step and a discharging step thereof, and does not specifically describe the characteristics, key parameters, performance and the like of the hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant. Patent application No. CN113004870A also proposes a mixed refrigerant of propane (R290) and isobutane (R600a) or butane (R600), but the object of this invention is confusing or unclear from the inventive examples. In examples 4 to 9 (where R290 and R600a are mixed) in table 3 of the description of the invention, the ratios of theoretical COPs to theoretical COPs of R134a refrigerant are both below 108%, the lowest is only 103%, the efficiency improvement rate is limited, the energy saving effect is not obvious, especially the refrigerating capacity per unit volume varies greatly, from only 72% to 130% of the refrigerating capacity per unit volume of R134a, and when the refrigerating capacity per unit volume differs greatly (exceeding 7%, namely the measurement error allowed by national standard), the compressor cannot be directly replaced by R134a (small, insufficient refrigerating capacity, failure in meeting design requirements; excessive, refrigerating capacity and energy waste), and the compressor needs to be redesigned.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an energy-saving environment-friendly hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant capable of directly replacing R134a and application thereof.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
an energy-saving environment-friendly hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant directly replacing R134a comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 32 to 38 percent of propane (R290) and 68 to 62 percent of isobutane (R600 a).
Table 1 below gives the relevant physical properties and safety parameters for R290 and R600a in the ASHRAE (american society of heating, refrigeration and air conditioning engineers) manual:
table 1: physical Properties of R290 and R600a
| Parameter(s) | R290 | R600a |
| Molecular formula | C3H8 | C4H10 |
| Relative molecular mass | 44.10 | 58.1 |
| Latent heat of vaporization (0.1013MPa) kJ/kg | 425.6 | 365.11 |
| Normal boiling point deg.C | -42.07 | -11.75 |
| Freezing point deg.C | -187.7 | -159.42 |
| Critical pressure kPa | 4254 | 3629 |
| Critical temperature of | 96.8 | 134.66 |
| Critical density kg/m3 | 220.02 | 225.5 |
| Level of security | A3 | A3 |
| ODP | 0 | 0 |
| GWP | ～20 | ～20 |
The mixed refrigerant is a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant.
Specifically, the energy-saving environment-friendly hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant directly replacing R134a comprises the following components in percentage by mass: propane was 32% and isobutane 68%.
Specifically, the energy-saving environment-friendly hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant directly replacing R134a comprises the following components in percentage by mass: propane 35% and isobutane 65%.
Specifically, the energy-saving environment-friendly hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant directly replacing R134a comprises the following components in percentage by mass: propane was 38% and isobutane 62%.
The invention also provides application of the energy-saving and environment-friendly hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant directly replacing R134a, which is used for replacing R134a refrigerant in a refrigeration system adopting R134a as refrigerant. Preferably, the refrigerant is used for replacing R134a refrigerant in refrigerators and freezers.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with examples which are set forth to illustrate, but are not to be construed to limit the scope of the invention.
In the specific implementation of the invention, the used refrigerants R290 and R600a are all commonly used refrigerants in the technical field of refrigeration and low temperature, wherein the mass percentage concentration of R290 is 32-38%, and the mass percentage concentration of R600a is 68-62%.
Example one
R290 and R600a refrigerants commonly used in the refrigerant field are taken, and 32 mass percent of R290 and 68 mass percent of R600a are fully and physically mixed in a liquid phase state to obtain the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant.
Example two
Taking R290 and R600A refrigerants commonly used in the refrigerant field, and taking 35 mass percent of R290 and 65 mass percent of R600a to fully and physically mix in a liquid phase state to obtain a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant.
EXAMPLE III
R290 and R600a refrigerants commonly used in the refrigerant field are taken, and 38 percent by mass of R290 and 62 percent by mass of R600a are fully and physically mixed in a liquid phase state to obtain the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant.
To compare the performance, theoretical cycle calculations for refrigerator conditions were performed using the above example with R134 a. Theoretical cycle calculation of the refrigerant in a refrigeration system is carried out according to the standard working conditions (evaporation temperature is-23.3 ℃, condensation temperature is 54.4 ℃, supercooling temperature is 32.2 ℃, and superheating temperature is 32.2 ℃) of a refrigerator of American ASHRAE standard (international universal standard), wherein the compression process is isentropic compression.
The theoretical cycle calculation mainly aims at the pressure, the pressure ratio, the theoretical compression compressor outlet temperature, the unit volume refrigerating capacity, the performance coefficient, the boiling point (bubble point) temperature and other key parameters for relevant comparison, and the comparison parameter results are shown in table 2:
table 2: theoretical cycle calculation parameter of refrigerator working condition
In addition to the fundamental reason that this replacement must be environmentally friendly, it must also satisfy a coefficient of performance that is comparable or greater (this factor also relates to the environment (energy savings can reduce carbon dioxide emissions)) when performing the refrigerant replacement. From the perspective of compressor operating conditions, lower discharge temperatures are more favorable to compressor operation and reliability; from the viewpoint of compressor efficiency, the smaller the compression ratio, the better; the cooling capacity per unit volume should be comparable or slightly greater from the standpoint of enabling direct replacement.
The GWP value of the embodiment of the invention is less than 20 (actually, R290 and R600a are natural substances and can be ignored), and the refrigerant has no damage of ozone layer damage, and is a mixed refrigerant meeting the long-term environmental protection and energy saving requirements in the future.
As can be seen from a comparison of R134a in table 2 with the parameters of the examples of the present invention in the refrigeration cycle:
1. compared with a substitute R134a, under the working condition of international common refrigerator and freezer standards, the coefficient of performance (COP) of the embodiment of the invention is higher than that of R134a by about 10 percent, and the embodiment of the invention has obvious energy-saving effect;
2. the embodiment of the invention has lower condensation pressure and higher evaporation pressure, and the compression ratio is only about 74 percent of R134a, thus effectively reducing the leakage in the compressor, improving the efficiency of the compressor and prolonging the service life of the compressor;
3. the theoretical exhaust (outlet) temperature of the compressor is lower by about 14 ℃ compared with that of R134a, so that the compressor is favorable for running, the carbonization (burning) of lubricating oil of the compressor can be effectively avoided, the running reliability of the compressor is improved, and the possibility of applying the compressor to a higher-temperature environment is provided;
4. the refrigerating capacity per unit volume of the embodiment of the invention is equivalent to or slightly higher than that of R134a, the compressor does not need to be redesigned, and R290 and R600a both have good compatibility with lubricating oil commonly used by R134a and can be directly used for replacing R134 a;
5. because R290 and R600a have certain flammability, the bubble point temperature of the embodiment of the invention at 1 standard atmosphere (the temperature at which the liquid of the embodiment starts to evaporate at 1 standard atmosphere) is slightly lower than the boiling point temperature of R134a by 1.44-2.37 ℃, which is beneficial to preventing the risk of air leakage caused by the occurrence of the compressor under the ambient pressure.
6. The molecular weight of the invention is far less than that of R134a, the fluidity is good, and the loss along the way to the system is smaller; the liquid has large heat conductivity coefficient, is beneficial to heat transfer of the heat exchanger, has high heat transfer efficiency, and is beneficial to further improving the coefficient of performance (COP value) and more beneficial to energy conservation and emission reduction.
In summary, the following steps: the invention meets the use requirements of various international agreements nowadays, can be applied to a refrigeration system adopting R134a as a refrigerant to replace R134a, and particularly directly replaces R134a in the field of refrigerator and freezer.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. An energy-saving environment-friendly hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant directly replacing R134a is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 32 to 38 percent of propane and 68 to 62 percent of isobutane.
2. The energy-saving and environment-friendly hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant directly replacing R134a as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 32% of propane and 68% of isobutane.
3. The energy-saving and environment-friendly hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant directly replacing R134a as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 35% of propane and 65% of isobutane.
4. The energy-saving and environment-friendly hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant directly replacing R134a as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 38% of propane and 62% of isobutane.
5. The use of the energy-saving and environment-friendly hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 for directly replacing R134a, wherein: as a replacement refrigerant for R134 a.
6. Use according to claim 5, characterized in that: as a replacement refrigerant for R134a of a refrigerator or freezer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111355873.0A CN114163977A (en) | 2021-11-16 | 2021-11-16 | Energy-saving environment-friendly hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant directly replacing R134a and application thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111355873.0A CN114163977A (en) | 2021-11-16 | 2021-11-16 | Energy-saving environment-friendly hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant directly replacing R134a and application thereof |
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| CN202111355873.0A Pending CN114163977A (en) | 2021-11-16 | 2021-11-16 | Energy-saving environment-friendly hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant directly replacing R134a and application thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114752358A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-07-15 | 华中科技大学 | Energy-saving environment-friendly working medium for heat pump boiler |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103604040A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-02-26 | 吴晓东 | R134a-substituted hydrocarbon refrigerant |
| CN112391145A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-23 | 湖北瑞能华辉能源管理有限公司 | Environment-friendly hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant replacing R134a and application thereof |
| CN112409994A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-26 | 湖北瑞能华辉能源管理有限公司 | Multi-alternative environment-friendly hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant and application thereof |
| CN113004870A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-22 | 青岛万宝压缩机有限公司 | Refrigerant mixture, mixed working medium and compressor |
-
2021
- 2021-11-16 CN CN202111355873.0A patent/CN114163977A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103604040A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-02-26 | 吴晓东 | R134a-substituted hydrocarbon refrigerant |
| CN112391145A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-23 | 湖北瑞能华辉能源管理有限公司 | Environment-friendly hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant replacing R134a and application thereof |
| CN112409994A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-26 | 湖北瑞能华辉能源管理有限公司 | Multi-alternative environment-friendly hydrocarbon mixed refrigerant and application thereof |
| CN113004870A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-22 | 青岛万宝压缩机有限公司 | Refrigerant mixture, mixed working medium and compressor |
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| Title |
|---|
| 吴业正主编: "《制冷原理与设备》", 西安交通大学出版社 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114752358A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-07-15 | 华中科技大学 | Energy-saving environment-friendly working medium for heat pump boiler |
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