CN114751518B - Alternate aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device, method and application - Google Patents
Alternate aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device, method and application Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 197
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 17
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/308—Biological phosphorus removal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage biological treatment, and discloses an alternate aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device, an alternate aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment method and application, wherein the alternate aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device comprises an adjusting tank, an aeration tank, an anaerobic tank and a sedimentation tank; a grille is embedded in the regulating tank; the water inlet at the bottom of the aeration tank is connected with the bottom of the regulating tank, the middle of the regulating tank is provided with a check valve, one side of the aeration tank is provided with an aeration device, the aeration device is connected with a flow meter by a fan, and one side of the aeration tank is an inclined wall surface; the anaerobic tank is arranged above the inclined wall surface of the aeration tank, and the outlet water of the aeration tank flows into the anaerobic tank from the outlet at the upper end; the sedimentation tank is arranged at one side of the anaerobic tank, and the lower sludge reflux zone is connected with the aeration tank and the bottom of the anaerobic tank. The invention adopts a combined structure, combines the regulating tank, the aeration tank, the anaerobic tank and the sedimentation tank into a whole, has compact structure, small occupied area, less equipment and simple operation, greatly reduces operation maintenance and investment cost, and is more suitable for village and town sewage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage biological treatment, and particularly relates to an alternate aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device, an alternate aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment method and application.
Background
At present, the sewage treatment requirements of villages and towns are urgent. By 2020, the treatment capacity of the national urban sewage treatment plant is 1.90 hundred million cubic meters per day, the total sewage treatment amount is 559.2 hundred million cubic meters, and the sewage treatment rate is 97.08%. The elimination proportion of black and odorous water bodies built in cities above and on the ground level of China reaches 98.2 percent. The total newly built sewage collection and treatment facilities are 3.9 ten thousand, and the inferior V-type water quality section proportion is reduced by 0.6 percent. Therefore, most of urban sewage in China is effectively treated, and the water quality is obviously improved. However, there are still great shortages for relevant facilities for village sewage treatment in China, the village population in 2021 is 5.0979 hundred million, the village in 2019 has 31925 in China, 596450 in administrative villages and 251.3 in natural villages. The village with domestic sewage treatment only occupies 17.4 percent, and 82.4 percent of villages have no domestic sewage facilities. The domestic sewage is produced in more than 90 hundred million tons each year in rural areas, most of the domestic sewage is not treated, and the domestic sewage is discharged at will.
The sewage water conservation degree of difficulty of villages and towns of China is great, mainly includes: the specific actual conditions of the villages and towns in each region have large differences (such as geological conditions, population structures, climate environments, economic factors and the like), the water quality and water quantity in each region are obviously different, the winter cold air temperature in the northern region is lower, and the biological treatment microbial activity is inhibited. Large population mobility, unbalanced economic development, uneven annual water quality and water quantity, and the like, and is mainly characterized by generally low pollutant concentration, irregular water quantity mutation and the like. The village and town technology has weak strength and lacks professional technicians to operate sewage treatment facilities. Therefore, the rural sewage treatment technology needs to be suitable according to local conditions, cannot generate hard sleeves, and blindly pursues 'unpowered' and 'zero' operation cost. The existing sewage treatment technology and process are designed and researched based on urban sewage treatment plants, and the action mechanism and design specification are not suitable for village sewage in most cases, and the selection and design of the village sewage treatment process cannot be guided. The defects of the village and town sewage treatment process and the operation method are one of the important factors restricting the village and town sewage treatment.
The development requirements of integrated biological treatment technology include:
because of scattered living, the rural sewage is difficult to collect and treat in a centralized way, most of the rural sewage is directly discharged into the environment, and not only can the nitrogen and phosphorus eutrophication of water bodies in rural areas be caused, but also black and odorous water bodies are generated. The existing ecological treatment technology has strong impact load resistance, but occupies a large area, has slightly low removal effect and is easily influenced by external environment. The biological treatment technology has high removal efficiency, but has high operation requirement and high energy consumption. The integrated biological treatment technology combines the characteristics of rural sewage, reasonably integrates various structures, forms a novel rural sewage treatment process with high efficiency, low consumption and strong shock resistance, and has good development prospect and advantages.
The development of high-efficiency low-consumption biological treatment technology is urgently demanded:
in vast village and town areas of China, the economic basis is weak, the sewage quality is complex, and the sewage treatment operation management technology is obviously lacking, so that the development of the efficient low-consumption sewage treatment technology is particularly important. The main pollutants COD, N, P and the like in the sewage can be removed under specific environmental conditions and specific microorganism populations through different microorganisms, in the aspect of microorganisms, the activated sludge growing in a suspending way has a larger specific surface area, is more beneficial to adsorption and biochemical reaction, and the attached growing biological film is more beneficial to growth of microorganisms with long mud age, so that the sewage denitrification effect is remarkable; in the aspect of environment, an effective method is to construct aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic dissolved oxygen environments in a system, but the traditional process usually adopts separate construction, and each functional area needs to be provided with a power device independently, so that the energy consumption is increased, and meanwhile, the process is complex and needs professional personnel to operate. Therefore, the sewage treatment technology which develops the mixed system of the activated sludge and the biological membrane and has the coexistence of aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic environments and is mutually independent is developed, the investment of equipment is reduced, the compactness of the structure is improved, and the sewage treatment technology is a new development direction in the field of village and town sewage treatment.
The method has unique innovation and practicability:
at present, no biological treatment process for realizing continuous flow aerobic-anaerobic-precipitation integration by an activated sludge method by taking aeration as the only power at home and abroad exists.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects existing in the prior art are as follows:
(1) The existing sewage treatment technology and process are designed and researched based on urban sewage treatment plants, the action mechanism and design specifications are mostly unsuitable for village and town sewage, the simple process combination lacks structural optimization design, the simple process combination is not practical for village and town sewage, the sewage structures are more, the processes of aeration, stirring, backflow and the like are complex, the control difficulty is high, and the village and town areas lack professional technical staff to operate sewage treatment facilities.
(2) The existence of aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic environments is beneficial to removing the difficult degradation pollutants, improves the microorganism diversity of the system, and is particularly important to removing the complex pollutants. Therefore, how to construct a mixed system with multiple coexisting oxygen environments and well function under specific environments, the coexisting systems can exchange substances and energy mutually and do not interfere mutually, and meanwhile, the investment of equipment is reduced to the greatest extent, so that the mixed system is an important problem that the prior art needs to be further improved.
(3) The biological treatment processes such as aeration, stirring, reflux and the like often require a large amount of equipment, consume a large amount of energy, reduce the equipment investment and the energy consumption on the premise of not influencing the treatment effect, and are the key points of continuous improvement in the prior art.
The difficulty of solving the problems and the defects is as follows:
the core of solving the problems is how to reasonably design and construct the process, on the basis of greatly reducing equipment and energy consumption, the coexistence of a mixed system and various environments is realized, an aeration device plays the roles of oxygen supply and stirring in the process, and how to play the characteristics of the aeration device, so that the generated power can be utilized to realize the reflux of nitrifying liquid and sludge while oxygen is supplied to aerobic microorganisms, thereby being a difficulty in process design.
The meaning of solving the problems and the defects is as follows:
the constructed mixed system and the nitrifying liquid and sludge without external power flow back improve the pollutant removal efficiency of the sewage treatment system, reduce the construction investment cost and the operation maintenance cost, have simple process and convenient maintenance, reduce the technical requirements of operators, and have important significance for popularization and application of rural sewage treatment facilities. The sewage is effectively treated and discharged, the ecological environment is effectively protected, the living environment of people in village and town areas is improved, the living happiness is increased, and the method has important significance for building new villages and improving the living quality of people.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides an alternate aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device, an alternate aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment method and application thereof, and particularly relates to a method for treating village and town sewage by using the alternate aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device.
The invention is realized in such a way that the alternative aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device comprises an adjusting tank, an aeration tank, an anaerobic tank and a sedimentation tank which are combined to form integrated equipment.
Wherein, the grating is embedded in the regulating tank, the bottom of the regulating tank is provided with an aeration device for pre-aeration and stirring, and a second flowmeter is arranged on the pipeline; the water inlet at the bottom of the aeration tank is connected with the bottom of the regulating tank, the middle of the aeration tank is provided with a check valve, one side of the aeration tank is provided with an aeration device for supplying air for microorganisms, the aeration device is connected with a first flowmeter by a fan, and one side of the aeration tank is provided with an inclined wall surface; the anaerobic tank is arranged above the inclined wall surface of the aeration tank, suspended combined filler is filled in the anaerobic tank, and outlet water of the aeration tank flows into the anaerobic tank from an outlet at the upper end; the sedimentation tank is arranged on one side of the anaerobic tank, the lower sludge reflux zone is connected with the aeration tank and the bottom of the anaerobic tank, and the sludge is refluxed to the aeration tank by the suction force generated by the self weight sedimentation of the sludge and the rising of the aeration air flow.
Further, the aeration tank is an inclined wall surface at one side, the included angle of the wall surface with the horizontal plane is 295-315 degrees, the bottom of the aeration tank is connected with the bottom of the sedimentation tank, and the width of the bottom opening is 0.5-1 m.
Furthermore, the bottom surface of the anaerobic tank is an inclined wall surface at one side of the aeration tank, suspended combined filler is filled in the anaerobic tank, and a gap of 0.5-1 m is reserved between the filler and the tank bottom and used for guaranteeing the backflow of activated sludge, and the bottom of the anaerobic tank is connected with a sludge backflow area.
The invention further aims to provide a method for treating the sewage of villages and towns by using the alternative aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device, which is characterized in that the pollutant load is reasonably distributed, so that the circulating movement of the pollutant in the aerobic and anaerobic environments is realized, the contact time and the contact area of functional microorganisms and the pollutant are increased, and the energy exchange is promoted; the reactor has aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic dissolved oxygen environments, which is beneficial to the growth and propagation of microorganisms with different functions and increases population diversity; meanwhile, the aeration quantity is changed to realize the reflux control of the excess sludge, so that the sludge concentration of the biochemical system is ensured to be stable and controllable, the pollutant removal efficiency of the system is improved, and the microbial activity is improved.
Further, the method for treating the village sewage by the alternative aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing microorganisms: adding activated sludge of an urban sewage treatment plant, continuously feeding water after closed exposure, gradually increasing the water feeding amount every day, continuously running for 2 days after reaching the designed water feeding amount, and ending the starting stage;
step two, water inlet control: the raw water of the village and town sewage firstly enters a grating, most suspended matters in the sewage are intercepted and then flow into an adjusting tank, and the grating adopts periodic manual deslagging according to the quantity of the suspended matters;
step three, aeration preparation: adopting a continuous flow operation mode, and simultaneously starting an aeration device of the regulating tank and an aeration tank to regulate the aeration quantity of the regulating tank, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the aeration tank, the sludge residence time and the sludge reflux ratio;
step four, the processing procedure is as follows: the air movement path, the water flow movement path and the sludge movement path are controlled.
Further, the disposing microorganisms in the first step include:
the aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device is characterized in that activated sludge of an urban sewage treatment plant is added into an aerobic tank, only combined filler is hung in the anaerobic tank, the initial sludge concentration is 3000-4000 mg/L, water is continuously fed after 2-3 days of closed aeration, the water inflow is gradually increased every day, the operation is continued for 2 days after the designed water inflow is reached, the starting stage is finished, and the test starting operation time is 1 week.
The aeration preparation in the third step comprises the following steps:
the device adopts a continuous flow operation mode, the sludge concentration in the reactor is 3000-4000 mg/L, and the regulation is started at the same time
The aeration device of the tank and the aeration tank is used for adjusting the aeration quantity of the tank to be 3-4 times of the tank capacity, the concentration of dissolved oxygen of the aeration tank is controlled to be 2.0-3.0 mg/L, the residence time of sludge is 12h, and the reflux ratio of the sludge is 100%.
Further, the processing in the fourth step includes:
air movement path: after the air enters the regulating tank, the air gradually rises in the water to stir the sewage in the regulating tank for mixing, thereby playing a role in homogenizing the sewage; after the air enters the aeration tank, the air is divided into small bubbles by the perforated aeration tank aeration device and gradually rises along the inclined wall surface, one part of the bubbles overflows the water surface, the other part of the bubbles moves along with the water flow under the action of the water flow, the bubbles move along the guide plate, downward along with the water flow, are blocked and rebounded by the bottom surface, slowly move along the bottom surface and move to the vicinity of the aeration tank aeration device, and move upwards along with the outlet of the aeration tank aeration device due to the vacuum pressure suction effect generated by aeration, so that anticlockwise movement is formed in the aeration tank.
Water flow movement path: raw water enters the bottom of the aeration tank from the bottom of the regulating tank, sewage moves towards the aeration device of the aeration tank under the driving force generated by aeration, gradually rises along with bubbles, flows to the top end of the aeration tank along the inclined wall surface, and a part of sewage is blocked by the wall surface to move downwards, so that anticlockwise circulation flow is finally formed in the aeration tank; the other part of sewage flows into the anaerobic tank from the top end of the aeration tank, flows out from the bottom of the anaerobic tank after fully contacting with the combined filler in the anaerobic tank, and a part of sewage enters the sedimentation tank for sedimentation, and a part of sewage is sedimentated to the bottom of the anaerobic tank along with the activated sludge and flows through the sludge backflow area to flow back to the aeration tank; after the sewage enters the sedimentation tank, sedimentation is carried out in the sedimentation tank, and the supernatant is discharged out of the system.
Sludge movement path: the activated sludge circularly moves in the aeration tank, a part of sludge flows into the anaerobic tank along with sewage, is trapped on the surface by the filler and is used as anaerobic microorganisms to participate in anaerobic reaction, a part of the rest of activated sludge enters the sedimentation tank for sedimentation, flows back to the aeration tank through a sludge backflow area at the bottom of the sedimentation tank, and the other part of the activated sludge directly flows back to the aeration tank from the bottom of the anaerobic tank.
Further, the sewage and air in the aeration tank do anticlockwise movement in the aerobic zone in the aerobic-anaerobic alternative environment, the contact time and contact area of pollutants and microorganisms are increased, the pollutants move in the anaerobic Chi Nashun hour after flowing into the anaerobic tank, the pollutants contact with the combined filler to generate anoxic-anaerobic microorganism reaction, and part of mixed liquid flows back to the aeration tank to finally form aerobic-anaerobic alternative environment change.
The integrated structure comprises a grid arranged in an adjusting tank, wherein the aeration tank, the anaerobic tank and the sedimentation tank are combined to form an integrated biological treatment device, and the integrated biological treatment device is automatically subjected to anaerobic-aerobic internal reflux and automatic sludge reflux.
The invention further aims to provide an application of the alternative aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device in sewage treatment of urban and rural sewage treatment plants.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. according to the invention, by constructing the activated sludge microorganisms growing in suspension and the biofilm microorganisms growing in fixation, the coexistence of microorganisms with different growth characteristics is realized, the biological diversity is increased, and the synergistic symbiotic strengthening treatment effect of multiple bacterial groups is facilitated.
2. The invention respectively enriches facultative microorganisms in the aerobic zone, the biofilm of the anaerobic zone enriches microorganisms with long mud age, the activated sludge is continuously and circularly exchanged in the aerobic zone and the anaerobic zone, the microorganisms are alternately in an aerobic state and an anaerobic state, the microbial activity and the function of the microorganisms are promoted, and the denitrification and dephosphorization performance of the system is improved.
3. The single-side aeration structure of the aerobic zone prolongs the movement path of bubbles, improves the oxygen utilization rate and reduces the operation energy consumption of the device while the stirring effect is good.
4. The effluent of the aerobic tank flows into the anaerobic tank, the bottom of the anaerobic tank is connected with the aeration zone, sewage enters the anaerobic tank for denitrification and phosphorus release after the aerobic reaction in the aerobic tank, and a part of mixed liquid is pumped under the partial negative pressure generated in the aeration process, so that the nitrified liquid is continuously exchanged between the aerobic zone and the anaerobic zone, and the denitrification and phosphorus removal efficiency is improved.
5. The bottom of the sedimentation tank is connected with the aeration zone, and the sedimentation tank is used for returning the sedimentation sludge to the aeration tank by using the local negative pressure generated in the aeration process as a suction force, so that the automatic return of the sedimentation tank without external power is realized for the first time, the energy consumption and the equipment investment are greatly reduced, and the sedimentation effect of the sedimentation tank is enhanced.
6. The integrated regulating tank, the aerobic tank, the anaerobic tank and the sedimentation tank are integrated, the structure is compact, the occupied area is small, the occupied area is greatly saved, and the integrated regulating tank, the aerobic tank, the anaerobic tank and the sedimentation tank are suitable for village and town sewage treatment with smaller water quantity.
7. Sewage is aerated through the inner sides of guide plates at the bottoms of the aeration tanks, air bubbles are blocked by the guide plates to form water flow circulation, so that a low-oxygen area, a medium-oxygen area and a high-oxygen area exist in the first-stage aeration tank at the same time, the removal efficiency of the reaction tank is improved compared with the traditional process, the number of the reaction tanks is reduced, the occupied area of the reaction tank is reduced, and the electric energy consumption for stirring the medium-oxygen area and the low-oxygen area is reduced.
8. The whole process takes aeration as the only power source, realizes the processes of nitrifying liquid circulation, sludge reflux and the like, greatly reduces equipment investment and operation energy consumption, and simultaneously accelerates sedimentation and improves sedimentation efficiency under the action of downward suction force of sedimentation sludge in a sedimentation tank.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for treating town sewage by using an alternate aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device provided by an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an alternative aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a mixed liquor movement path of an alternative aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional A2O integrated device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an adjusting tank; 2. an aeration tank; 3. an anaerobic tank; 4. a sedimentation tank; 5. a grille; 6. an aeration device of the regulating tank; 7. an aeration device of the aeration tank; 8. a blower; 9. a first flowmeter; 10. a second flowmeter; 11. a non-return valve; 12. a combined filler; 13. and a sludge recirculation zone.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The present invention provides an alternative aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device and method, which are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for treating town sewage by using the alternative aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s101, configuring microorganisms: adding activated sludge of an urban sewage treatment plant, continuously feeding water after closed exposure, gradually increasing the water feeding amount every day, continuously running for 2 days after reaching the designed water feeding amount, and ending the starting stage;
s102, water inlet control: the raw water of the village and town sewage firstly enters a grating, most suspended matters in the sewage are intercepted and then flow into an adjusting tank, and the grating adopts periodic manual deslagging according to the quantity of the suspended matters;
s103, preparing aeration: adopting a continuous flow operation mode, and simultaneously starting an aeration device of the regulating tank and an aeration tank to regulate the aeration quantity of the regulating tank, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the aeration tank, the sludge residence time and the sludge reflux ratio;
s104, processing: the air movement path, the water flow movement path and the sludge movement path are controlled.
As shown in fig. 2, the alternative aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises an adjusting tank 1, an aeration tank 2, an anaerobic tank 3 and a sedimentation tank 4 which are combined to form integrated equipment, wherein a grid 5 is embedded in the adjusting tank 1, an aeration device 6 is arranged at the bottom of the adjusting tank and used for pre-aeration and stirring, and a second flowmeter 10 is arranged on a pipeline. The water inlet at the bottom of the aeration tank 2 is connected with the bottom of the regulating tank, the check valve 11 is arranged in the middle of the water inlet, the aeration device 7 is arranged at one side of the aeration tank, the aeration device is connected with the first flowmeter 9 by the fan 8, the inclined wall surface is arranged at one side of the aeration tank 2, and the outlet water of the aeration tank flows into the anaerobic tank from the outlet at the upper end. The anaerobic tank 3 is arranged above the inclined wall surface of the aeration tank 2, suspended combined filler 12 is filled in the anaerobic tank, and effluent of the anaerobic tank flows into the sedimentation tank through the bottom. The sedimentation tank 4 is arranged on one side of the anaerobic tank, the lower sludge reflux zone 13 is connected with the aeration tank and the bottom of the anaerobic tank, so that the water inlet in the center of the sedimentation tank is realized, and the sludge is refluxed to the aeration tank by the local negative pressure suction generated by the self weight sedimentation of the sludge and the rising of the aeration air flow.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 2, the alternative aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises an adjusting tank 1, an aeration tank 2, an anaerobic tank 3 and a sedimentation tank 4 which are combined to form integrated equipment, wherein a grid 5 is embedded in the adjusting tank 1, an aeration device 6 is arranged at the bottom of the adjusting tank and used for pre-aeration and stirring, and a second flowmeter 10 is arranged on a pipeline. The water inlet at the bottom of the aeration tank 2 is connected with the bottom of the regulating tank, the middle is provided with a check valve 11, one side of the aeration tank is provided with an aeration device 7 for microorganism air supply, the aeration device is connected with a first flowmeter 9 by a fan 8, one side of the aeration tank 2 is an inclined wall surface, and outlet water of the aeration tank flows into the anaerobic tank from an outlet at the upper end. The anaerobic tank 3 is arranged above the inclined wall surface of the aeration tank 2, suspended combined filler 12 is filled in the anaerobic tank, and effluent of the anaerobic tank flows into the sedimentation tank through the bottom. The sedimentation tank 4 is arranged on one side of the anaerobic tank, the lower sludge reflux zone 13 is connected with the aeration tank and the bottom of the anaerobic tank, so that the water inlet in the center of the sedimentation tank is realized, and the sludge is refluxed to the aeration tank by the suction force generated by the sedimentation of the self weight of the sludge and the rising of the aeration air flow.
Structural design: the aeration tank is an inclined wall surface on one side, the included angle of the wall surface with the horizontal plane is 295-315 degrees, the bottom of the aeration tank is connected with the bottom of the sedimentation tank, and the width of the bottom opening is 0.5-1 m.
The bottom surface of the anaerobic tank is an inclined wall surface at one side of the aeration tank, suspended combined filler 12 is filled in the anaerobic tank, a gap of 0.5-1 m is reserved between the filler and the tank bottom, the backflow of activated sludge is ensured, and the bottom of the anaerobic tank is connected with a sludge backflow area 13.
As shown in fig. 3, the method and process for treating town sewage by using the alternative aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device provided by the embodiment of the invention are as follows:
microorganism adding step: the aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device is characterized in that activated sludge of an urban sewage treatment plant is added into an aerobic tank, only combined filler is hung in the anaerobic tank, the initial sludge concentration is 3000-4000 mg/L, water is continuously fed after 2-3 days of closed aeration, the water inflow is gradually increased every day, the operation is continued for 2 days after the designed water inflow is reached, the starting stage is finished, and the test starting operation time is about 1 week.
And (3) water inlet step: the raw water of the village and town sewage firstly enters a grating, most suspended matters in the sewage are intercepted and then flow into an adjusting tank, and the grating adopts periodic manual deslagging according to the quantity of the suspended matters.
And (3) an aeration process: the device adopts a continuous flow operation mode, the sludge concentration in the reactor is 3000-4000 mg/L, and simultaneously, the aeration device of the regulating tank and the aeration tank is started, and the aeration quantity of the regulating tank is 0.6-0.9 m 3 /m 3 H, controlling the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the aeration tank to be 2.0-3.0 mg/L, and controlling the residence time of sludge to be 12h and the reflux ratio of sludge to be 100%; after the air enters the regulating tank 1, the air gradually rises in the water to stir the sewage in the regulating tank for mixing, thereby playing the role of sewage homogenization. After the air enters the aeration tank 2, the air is divided into small bubbles by the perforated aeration tank aeration device 7 and gradually rises along the inclined wall surface, one part of the bubbles overflows the water surface, the other part of the bubbles moves along with the water flow under the action of the water flow, the bubbles move downwards along with the guide plate and are blocked and rebounded by the bottom surface and slowly move along the bottom surface, and move to the vicinity of the aeration tank aeration device 7, and the bubbles move upwards along with the outlet of the aeration tank aeration device due to the vacuum pressure suction effect generated by aeration, so that anticlockwise movement is formed in the aeration tank.
Water flow movement path: raw water enters the bottom of the aeration tank from the bottom of the regulating tank, sewage moves towards the aeration device 7 of the aeration tank under the driving force generated by aeration, gradually rises along with bubbles, flows to the top end of the aeration tank along an inclined wall surface, and a part of sewage is blocked by the wall surface to move downwards, so that anticlockwise circulation flow is finally formed in the aeration tank 2; the other part of sewage flows into the anaerobic tank from the top end of the aeration tank, flows out from the bottom of the anaerobic tank after fully contacting with the combined filler 12 in the anaerobic tank, and one part of sewage enters the sedimentation tank for sedimentation, and the other part of sewage is settled to the bottom of the anaerobic tank along with the activated sludge and flows through the sludge reflux zone 13 to the aeration tank 2. And (3) after the sewage enters a sedimentation tank, settling in the sedimentation tank, and discharging supernatant out of the system.
And (3) a sludge backflow process: the activated sludge circularly moves in the aeration tank 2, a part of sludge flows into the anaerobic tank 3 along with sewage, is trapped on the surface by the filler and is used as anaerobic microorganisms to participate in anaerobic reaction, a part of the rest of activated sludge enters the sedimentation tank for sedimentation, flows back to the aeration tank through a sludge backflow area at the bottom of the sedimentation tank, and the other part of the activated sludge directly flows back to the aeration tank from the bottom of the anaerobic tank.
The sewage and air in the aeration tank move anticlockwise in the aerobic zone, the contact time and contact area of pollutants and microorganisms are increased, the sewage and air move clockwise in the anaerobic Chi Nashun after flowing into the anaerobic tank, and contact with the combined filler to generate anoxic-anaerobic microbial reaction, and part of mixed liquid flows back to the aeration tank, so that aerobic-anaerobic alternating environment change is finally formed.
The technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to specific experimental examples.
Taking sewage from a sewage treatment station of a village and town as an example, a traditional A2O treatment process (a laboratory same proportion manufacturing test device is shown in fig. 4) is adopted, and the water quality of the inlet water is as follows: COD concentration is 250-320 mg/L, NH-N concentration is 40-50 mg/L, TN concentration is 50-60 mg/L, TP concentration is 2-6 mg/L. The alternating aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device is used for treating the village sewage, the test device is 0.4m long, 0.4m wide and 0.3m high, the effective water depth is 0.26m, and the effective volume is 48L.
The specific operation is as follows:
1) The sludge of the alternative aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device is sourced from the sludge of the aeration section of the sewage treatment station, the concentration of the sludge is 4000mg/L, and the sludge is cultured for 3 days and the activity of the sludge is recovered before the test is formally operated.
2) And (3) a normal operation stage:
(1) the hydraulic retention time is 8 hours each day, and the sludge age is 18 days;
(2) the whole process adopts a continuous water inlet mode, the temperature is 20 ℃, the water inlet flow is 6L/h, the water inlet aeration is carried out simultaneously, the aeration quantity of the two devices is controlled to be the same, and the sludge concentration in the device is controlled by adopting a periodic instant sludge discharge.
(3) After the operation is stable, the COD concentration of the effluent of the A2O device is 40-60 mg/L, and the average removal rate is 82.50%; the COD concentration of the effluent of the alternative aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device is 15.0-30.0 mg/L, and the removal rate is maintained above 90%; the NH4-N removal rates of the two devices are respectively 84.5% and 93.30%, TN removal rates are respectively 80.14% and 92.74%, and TP removal rates are both over 90%. The pollutant removal efficiency of the alternative aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device is over 90 percent and is higher than that of the traditional integrated device. The dissolved oxygen monitoring result shows that: when the dissolved oxygen of the effluent is 2.0mg/L, the aeration rate of the alternative aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device is 0.13L/min, the aeration rate of the traditional reactor is 0.15L/min, and the aeration energy consumption is saved by the vertical internal and external three-cycle reactor.
TABLE 1 comparative contaminant removal effect
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front," "rear," "head," "tail," and the like are used as an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The alternate aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device is characterized by comprising an adjusting tank, an aeration tank, an anaerobic tank and a sedimentation tank;
the grid is embedded in the regulating tank, an aeration device is arranged at the bottom of the regulating tank and used for pre-aeration and stirring, and a second flowmeter is arranged on the pipeline;
the water inlet at the bottom of the aeration tank is connected with the bottom of the regulating tank, the middle of the aeration tank is provided with a check valve, one side of the aeration tank is provided with an aeration device for supplying air for microorganisms, the aeration device is connected with a first flowmeter by a fan, and one side of the aeration tank is provided with an inclined wall surface;
the anaerobic tank is arranged above the inclined wall surface of the aeration tank, suspended combined filler is filled in the anaerobic tank, and outlet water of the aeration tank flows into the anaerobic tank from an outlet at the upper end; the sedimentation tank is arranged at one side of the anaerobic tank, the lower sludge reflux zone is connected with the aeration tank and the bottom of the anaerobic tank, and the sludge is refluxed to the aeration tank by the suction generated by the sedimentation of the self weight of the sludge and the rising of the aeration air flow;
the aeration tank is an inclined wall surface on one side, the included angle of the wall surface with the horizontal plane is 295-315 degrees, and the bottom of the aeration tank is connected with the bottom of the sedimentation tank;
the bottom surface of the anaerobic tank is an inclined wall surface at one side of the aeration tank, suspended combined filler is filled in the anaerobic tank, and a gap of 0.5-1 m is reserved between the filler and the bottom of the anaerobic tank and is used for guaranteeing the backflow of activated sludge, and the bottom of the anaerobic tank is connected with a sludge backflow area;
a method for treating village sewage by using the alternative aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device comprises the steps of reasonably distributing pollutant loads, realizing the circulating movement of pollutants in aerobic and anaerobic environments, increasing the contact time and contact area of functional microorganisms and the pollutants, and promoting energy exchange; the reactor has aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic dissolved oxygen environments, which is beneficial to the growth and propagation of microorganisms with different functions and increases population diversity; meanwhile, the aeration quantity is changed to realize the reflux control of the excess sludge, so that the sludge concentration of a biochemical system is stable and controllable;
the method for treating the village sewage by the alternative aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing microorganisms: adding activated sludge of an urban sewage treatment plant, continuously feeding water after closed exposure, gradually increasing the water feeding amount every day, continuously running for 2 days after reaching the designed water feeding amount, and ending the starting stage;
step two, water inlet control: the raw water of the village and town sewage firstly enters a grating, most suspended matters in the sewage are intercepted and then flow into an adjusting tank, and the grating adopts periodic manual deslagging according to the suspended matters;
step three, aeration preparation: adopting a continuous flow operation mode, and simultaneously starting an aeration device of the regulating tank and an aeration tank to regulate the aeration quantity of the regulating tank, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the aeration tank, the sludge residence time and the sludge reflux ratio;
step four, the processing procedure is as follows: controlling an air movement path, a water flow movement path and a sludge movement path;
the treatment process in the fourth step comprises an air movement path: after the air enters the regulating tank, the air gradually rises in the water to stir the sewage in the regulating tank for mixing, thereby playing a role in homogenizing the sewage; after the air enters the aeration tank, the air is divided into small bubbles by the perforated aeration tank aeration device and gradually rises along the inclined wall surface, one part of the bubbles overflows the water surface, the other part of the bubbles moves along with the water flow under the action of the water flow, the bubbles move along the guide plate and downward along with the water flow, are blocked and bounced by the bottom surface, slowly move along the bottom surface and move to the vicinity of the aeration tank aeration device, and move upwards along with the outlet of the aeration tank aeration device due to the vacuum pressure suction effect generated by aeration, so that anticlockwise movement is formed in the aeration tank;
the treatment process in the fourth step further comprises a water flow movement path: raw water enters the bottom of the aeration tank from the bottom of the regulating tank, sewage moves towards the aeration device of the aeration tank under the driving force generated by aeration, gradually rises along with bubbles, flows to the top end of the aeration tank along the inclined wall surface, and a part of sewage is blocked by the wall surface to move downwards, so that anticlockwise circulation flow is finally formed in the aeration tank; the other part of sewage flows into the anaerobic tank from the top end of the aeration tank, flows out from the bottom of the anaerobic tank after fully contacting with the combined filler in the anaerobic tank, and a part of sewage enters the sedimentation tank for sedimentation, and a part of sewage is sedimentated to the bottom of the anaerobic tank along with the activated sludge and flows through the sludge backflow area to flow back to the aeration tank; after the sewage enters a sedimentation tank, sedimentation is carried out in the sedimentation tank, and supernatant fluid is discharged out of the system;
the treatment process in the fourth step further comprises a sludge movement path: the activated sludge circularly moves in the aeration tank, a part of sludge flows into the anaerobic tank along with sewage, is trapped on the surface by the filler and is used as anaerobic microorganisms to participate in anaerobic reaction, a part of the rest of activated sludge enters the sedimentation tank for sedimentation, flows back to the aeration tank through a sludge backflow area at the bottom of the sedimentation tank, and the other part of the activated sludge directly flows back to the aeration tank from the bottom of the anaerobic tank.
2. The method for treating town sewage by using an alternate aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the disposing microorganism in the first step comprises:
the aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device is characterized in that activated sludge of an urban sewage treatment plant is added into an aerobic tank, only combined filler is hung in the anaerobic tank, the initial sludge concentration is 3000-4000 mg/L, water is continuously fed after 2-3 days of closed aeration, the water inflow is gradually increased every day, the operation is continued for 2 days after the designed water inflow is reached, the starting stage is finished, and the test starting operation time is 1 week;
the aeration preparation in the third step comprises the following steps: by adopting a continuous flow operation mode, the sludge concentration in the reactor is 3000-4000 mg/L, and simultaneously, an aeration device of a regulating tank and an aeration tank is started, the aeration quantity of the regulating tank is 3-4 times of the tank capacity, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the aeration tank is controlled to be 2.0-3.0 mg/L, the sludge retention time is 12h, and the sludge reflux ratio is 100%.
3. Use of an alternative aerobic-anaerobic integrated biological treatment device according to claim 1 for sewage treatment in urban and rural sewage treatment plants.
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