CN114750414A - 3D suspension printing method for multi-material or gradient structure material model - Google Patents
3D suspension printing method for multi-material or gradient structure material model Download PDFInfo
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B17/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for shaping the material; Auxiliary measures taken in connection with such shaping
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B17/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for shaping the material; Auxiliary measures taken in connection with such shaping
- B28B17/0063—Control arrangements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/124—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified
- B29C64/129—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified characterised by the energy source therefor, e.g. by global irradiation combined with a mask
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/379—Handling of additively manufactured objects, e.g. using robots
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/40—Structures for supporting 3D objects during manufacture and intended to be sacrificed after completion thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
- B33Y40/20—Post-treatment, e.g. curing, coating or polishing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Robotics (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses 3D suspension printing method of multi-material or gradient structure material model, and relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and the 3D suspension printing method of the multi-material or gradient structure material model comprises the following steps: respectively preparing a supporting material and at least one printing paste; loading the support material into a container, and placing the container with the support material on a printing platform; respectively filling the printing slurry into a charging barrel of a 3D printer, and extruding the printing slurry in a supporting material in the container through the 3D printer based on a preset target design model; and curing the printing slurry to obtain a multi-material model or a gradient structure material model. The application solves the technical problem that the quality of a multi-material or gradient structure material model printed in the prior art is poor.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a 3D suspension printing method for a multi-material or gradient structure material model.
Background
The 3D (3-dimension, three-dimensional) printing (namely additive manufacturing) technology is based on the discrete-accumulation principle, is driven by three-dimensional data of parts, directly manufactures the parts by a method of material layer-by-layer accumulation from bottom to top, and breaks through the technical bottleneck of the traditional process in the aspect of forming parts with complex structures. However, the current 3D printing technology still has difficulty in meeting the demands of people in terms of the mechanical properties of the finished product and the gradient change of the material, for example, the single-material printed dental crown has the requirements of single color and difficulty in simulating the hardness and color gradient of a natural tooth. The multi-material 3D printing mode can prepare a printing piece which has different performances and does not need to be assembled, the material preparation efficiency and performance can be improved, the performance requirements under different environments are met, the existing multi-material 3D printing is realized by increasing the number of the light-cured resin grooves, but the size of the resin grooves is large, the mounting on the same equipment is difficult to achieve too much, the printing material types are limited, the material residual materials in the last resin groove need to be cleaned in time when the materials are replaced, the printing process is not connected, the printing process of different materials is not connected, large printing errors are easy to generate, the printing precision of a finally obtained model is reduced, the light-cured printing mode can only print the materials through layering and superposition, and the repairing materials such as skull and the like which need to be printed by curved surface layering slices are difficult to achieve.
Disclosure of Invention
The application mainly aims to provide a 3D suspension printing method for a multi-material or gradient structure material model, and aims to solve the technical problem that the quality of the multi-material or gradient structure material model printed in the prior art is poor.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides a 3D suspension printing method for a multi-material or gradient structure material model, where the 3D suspension printing method for the multi-material or gradient structure material model includes the following steps:
preparing a support material and at least one printing paste respectively;
loading the support material into a container, and placing the container with the support material on a printing platform;
respectively filling the printing slurry into a charging barrel of a 3D printer, and extruding the printing slurry in a supporting material in the container through the 3D printer based on a preset target design model;
and curing the printing slurry to obtain a multi-material model or a gradient structure material model.
Optionally, the support material comprises one or more of trimethylolpropane triacrylate, polyacrylamide resin, cross-linked polyacrylic resin, polyethylene oxide, mineral oil, silicone oil, grease, paraffin, hydrogel, carbomer, and gelatin.
Optionally, the printing paste comprises one or more of an inorganic non-metallic paste, a metallic powder paste and a polymer powder paste.
Optionally, the step of filling each printing paste into a cartridge of a 3D printer, and the step of extruding, by the 3D printer, the printing paste in the supporting material in the container based on a preset target design model includes:
and respectively filling the printing slurry into at least one charging barrel of a 3D printer, and extruding the printing slurry in a supporting material in the container through at least one nozzle of the 3D printer in a three-axis direct writing printing mode, a five-axis extrusion printing mode or a six-axis extrusion printing mode based on a preset target design model.
Optionally, the step of filling each printing paste into a cartridge of a 3D printer, and the step of extruding, by the 3D printer, the printing paste in the supporting material in the container based on a preset target design model includes:
respectively filling the printing slurry into at least one charging barrel of a 3D printer, sequentially switching the charging barrels through the 3D printer based on a preset target design model, and extruding the corresponding printing slurry from a supporting material in the container through the corresponding nozzles of the charging barrels, wherein the switching mode of the charging barrels is switching after the nozzles are removed from the supporting material.
Optionally, the step of filling each printing paste into a cartridge of a 3D printer, and extruding, by the 3D printer, the printing paste in the supporting material in the container based on a preset target design model includes:
respectively filling each printing paste into at least one material cylinder of a 3D printer, connecting each material cylinder to the same nozzle, setting extrusion positions and extrusion times of the printing pastes corresponding to the material cylinders based on a preset target design model through the 3D printer, and extruding the printing pastes in the supporting materials in the container through the nozzles.
Optionally, the step of filling each printing paste into a cartridge of a 3D printer, and extruding, by the 3D printer, the printing paste in the supporting material in the container based on a preset target design model includes:
obtaining a base material, respectively filling each printing slurry and the base material into at least two material cylinders of a 3D printer, connecting each material cylinder to the same nozzle, continuously extruding each printing slurry and the base material by the 3D printer based on a gradient structure of a preset target design model, mixing each printing slurry and the base material by the nozzle to obtain mixed new printing slurries with different solid contents, and extruding the new printing slurries in a support material in the container.
Optionally, the base material is the same kind of base material as the printing paste.
Optionally, the curing treatment comprises one or more of light curing treatment, radioactive ray curing treatment, heat curing treatment, ion crosslinking curing treatment, enzyme crosslinking curing treatment, covalent crosslinking curing treatment, freeze drying curing treatment, heating drying curing treatment and air drying curing treatment,
the step of curing the printing paste to obtain a multi-material model or a gradient structure material model comprises:
in the process of extruding the printing paste, carrying out photocuring treatment, radioactive ray curing treatment, thermocuring treatment, ionic crosslinking curing treatment, enzyme crosslinking curing treatment and/or covalent crosslinking curing treatment synchronously to obtain a multi-material model or a gradient structure material model;
or after all printing slurry corresponding to the preset target design model is extruded, carrying out light curing treatment, radioactive ray curing treatment, heat curing treatment, ionic crosslinking curing treatment, enzyme crosslinking curing treatment, covalent crosslinking curing treatment, freeze drying curing treatment, heating drying curing treatment and/or air drying curing treatment to obtain the multi-material model or the gradient structure material model.
Optionally, the extrusion movement path of the extrusion printing paste comprises a planar layer cutting path or a three-dimensional curved surface path.
The application provides a 3D suspension printing method of a multi-material or gradient structure material model, which comprises the steps of respectively preparing a supporting material and at least one printing slurry, filling the supporting material into a container, placing the container filled with the supporting material on a printing platform, respectively filling the printing slurries into a charging barrel of a 3D printer, respectively designing a model in the supporting material in the container through the 3D printer based on a preset target, extruding the printing slurries, realizing the extrusion of various printing slurries through one 3D printer, further carrying out curing treatment on the printing slurries to obtain the multi-material model or gradient structure material model, realizing the 3D printing of the multi-material model or gradient structure material model through one 3D printer, and compared with the mode of carrying out multi-material printing by increasing the number of photocuring resin grooves, the switching process that same platform 3D printer carried out different printing thick liquids links up more, the printing error that the switching process produced has been reduced, the precision that 3D printed has been improved, and under the supporting role of supporting material, the connection between the multiple printing thick liquids is inseparabler, and then make the inner structure of many material models or gradient structure material model inseparabler, many material or gradient structure material model performance and quality have effectively been improved, the relatively poor technical problem of many material or gradient structure material model quality that prior art 3D printed has been overcome.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart diagram illustrating an embodiment of a 3D levitation printing method for a multi-material or gradient structure material model according to the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a scene schematic diagram of an implementation manner of a 3D suspension printing method for a multi-material or gradient structure material model according to the present application.
The reference numbers illustrate:
| reference numerals | Name (R) | Reference numerals | Name (R) |
| 1 | |
2 | |
| 3 | Nozzle with a |
4 | |
| 5 | |
6 | Gradient structure material model |
The objectives, features, and advantages of the present application will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In an embodiment of the 3D suspension printing method for a multi-material or gradient structure material model of the present application, referring to fig. 1, the 3D suspension printing method for a multi-material or gradient structure material model includes:
step S10, preparing a support material and at least one printing paste, respectively;
in this embodiment, specifically, a certain mass of the support material raw material is weighed, a solvent is added to the support material raw material, a certain process condition (for example, a suitable temperature, pressure, etc.) is controlled, so that the support material and the solvent are uniformly mixed to prepare the support material with certain fluidity, wherein the support material needs to have certain viscosity, to ensure that the support material does not collapse for a period of time after subsequent formation of the pore structure, the support material may be in a gel state, wherein the supporting material raw material comprises trimethylolpropane triacrylate, polyacrylamide resin, crosslinked polyacrylic resin, polyethylene oxide, mineral oil, silicone oil, lubricating grease, paraffin, hydrogel, carbomer and/or gelatin and the like, the solvent includes water, alcohol solution, acid solution, alkali solution and/or organic solvent, etc.
Preparing printing slurry: weighing a certain mass of printing slurry raw material, adding a base material into the printing slurry raw material, and controlling certain process conditions (such as proper temperature, proper pressure and the like) to uniformly mix the printing slurry raw material and the base material to prepare the printing slurry with certain fluidity, wherein the printing slurry raw material comprises inorganic nonmetal, metal and/or high polymer material and the like, the inorganic nonmetal comprises glass, ceramics and the like, the inorganic nonmetal also comprises hydroxyapatite, calcium phosphate, calcium silicate, calcium sulfate, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, boron nitride, graphite fiber, pearl powder, shell powder, animal bone powder, silicon carbide powder, fiber and the like, the metal comprises titanium alloy, tantalum, nickel-titanium powder alloy, cobalt alloy, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, zirconium alloy and the like, and the high polymer material takes a high polymer compound as a base body, materials composed of plastics, rubbers, resins, etc., with or without other additives (auxiliaries).
It is easy to understand that the step of preparing the support material and the step of preparing the printing paste are independent from each other, and may be performed simultaneously or sequentially, which is not limited in this embodiment, and the order of the step of preparing the support material and the step of preparing the printing paste is also not limited in this embodiment, and the support material or the printing paste may be prepared according to the actual requirement.
Optionally, the support material comprises one or more of trimethylolpropane triacrylate, polyacrylamide resin, cross-linked polyacrylic resin, polyethylene oxide, mineral oil, silicone oil, grease, paraffin, hydrogel, carbomer, and gelatin.
In this embodiment, specifically, the support material may be prepared by using one or a combination of more of trimethylolpropane triacrylate, polyacrylamide resin, crosslinked polyacrylic resin, polyethylene oxide, mineral oil, silicone oil, grease, paraffin, hydrogel, carbomer, and gelatin as a support material raw material, and the specific proportion, concentration, and the like of the support material may be determined according to the components, density, and the like of the printing paste and the actual situation, so as to ensure that the support material can provide sufficient support force for the extruded printing paste, and cannot cause delamination, deformation, and the like of the printing paste due to poor adhesion.
Optionally, the printing paste comprises one or more of an inorganic non-metal paste, a metal powder paste and a polymer powder paste.
In this embodiment, specifically, the printing paste is prepared by using one or more of inorganic nonmetal, metal powder and polymer powder as a printing paste raw material.
In this embodiment, since the printing paste is supported by the support material after being extruded and printed, the deformation risk is greatly reduced, so that the selectivity of the type, solid content and rheological property of the printing paste raw material of the printing paste is greatly increased, the selectivity of the type and process condition of curing treatment is increased, different curing modes can be selected according to the type and solid content of different printing paste raw materials, the printing and forming can be carried out simultaneously, the integrated forming can also be carried out after the printing is finished, the selectivity of the extrusion moving path of the printing paste extruded by the 3D printer is increased, the three-dimensional curved surface path can be constructed without being limited to the mode of layer-by-layer stacking, the type and ratio of the printing paste raw material and the type and ratio of the base material can be determined according to the actual needs of the multi-material model or the gradient structure material model, and the requirements of a 3D printing process or a curing process are not limited, and the specific types and parameters of the appropriate 3D printing process and curing process are determined according to the actually determined type and proportion of the printing slurry raw materials and the type and proportion of the base material.
Step S20, loading the supporting material into a container, and placing the container loaded with the supporting material on a printing platform;
in this embodiment, specifically, the prepared support material is loaded into a container with a suitable size, and the container loaded with the support material is placed on a printing platform corresponding to the 3D printer.
Step S30, respectively filling each printing paste into a charging barrel of a 3D printer, and extruding the printing paste in a supporting material in the container through the 3D printer based on a preset target design model;
in this embodiment, specifically, each printing slurry is respectively filled into different material cylinders of a 3D printer, and a preset target design model is set by setting the 3D printer, so that the 3D printer extrudes the printing slurry at a position corresponding to each printing slurry in a supporting material in the container based on an extrusion moving path and an extrusion parameter corresponding to the preset target design model, where the preset target design model is a 3D printing model corresponding to the multi-material model or the gradient structure material model, so that the 3D printer plans an extrusion moving path and an extrusion parameter based on the target design model, and the extrusion parameter is a relevant parameter of the 3D printer for extruding the printing slurry by different material cylinders, including an extrusion time, an extrusion rate, an extrusion position, and the like, in an implementable manner, the extrusion moving path can also be comprehensively planned in combination with the layering condition, the material type and the like of the multi-material model or the gradient structure material model, so that the multi-material model or the gradient structure material model with the layering structure accurately matched with the preset target design model is obtained.
Optionally, the step of filling each printing paste into a cartridge of a 3D printer, and extruding, by the 3D printer, the printing paste in the supporting material in the container based on a preset target design model includes:
and respectively filling the printing slurry into at least one charging barrel of a 3D printer, and extruding the printing slurry in a supporting material in the container through at least one nozzle of the 3D printer in a three-axis direct writing printing mode, a five-axis extrusion printing mode or a six-axis extrusion printing mode based on a preset target design model.
In this embodiment, specifically, each printing slurry is respectively filled into different cartridges of a 3D printer, a preset target design model is set by setting the 3D printer, so that the 3D printer plans an extrusion moving path and extrusion parameters of a nozzle corresponding to each cartridge based on the preset target design model, and at least one nozzle of the 3D printer extrudes the printing slurry at a position corresponding to each printing slurry in a support material in the container in a printing manner of three-axis direct writing printing, five-axis extrusion printing or six-axis extrusion printing based on the extrusion moving path and the extrusion parameters, where the nozzle is a conduit through which the printing slurry is extruded from a cartridge, each printing slurry is respectively filled into at least one cartridge of the 3D printer, and the printing slurry is extruded through at least one nozzle of the 3D printer, it is possible to fill a single cartridge with one printing paste or a plurality of printing pastes, to extrude from a single nozzle, to fill a single cartridge with one printing paste or a plurality of printing pastes, to extrude from a plurality of nozzles, to fill a plurality of cartridges with one printing paste or a plurality of printing pastes, respectively, to connect a plurality of cartridges to a nozzle and to extrude from a single nozzle, or to fill a plurality of cartridges with one printing paste or a plurality of printing pastes, respectively, to connect each cartridge to a plurality of identical or different nozzles and to extrude from a plurality of nozzles, which may be determined based on the actual material composition of the multiple material model or gradient structure material model, for example, if the multiple material model or gradient structure material model is formed by splicing a plurality of materials of different printing pastes, a plurality of cartridges are filled with different types of printing pastes, the printing is completed through a plurality of nozzles simultaneously, the printing efficiency can be improved, a multi-material model or a gradient structure material model without a layered structure can be prepared in a mode of controlling the movement of the nozzles by planning a three-dimensional curve path, if the multi-material model or the gradient structure material model is of a gradient structure, printing slurry and base material are respectively filled in a plurality of material cylinders and are connected to the same nozzle for extrusion, and then the printing slurry with gradually changed concentration can be extruded by controlling the flow rate of the printing slurry and the base material, so that a gentle and excessive gradient structure is obtained, the continuity of the gradient structure of the multi-material model or the gradient structure material model is increased, and the quality of the multi-material model or the gradient structure material model is improved.
Optionally, the step of filling each printing paste into a cartridge of a 3D printer, and extruding, by the 3D printer, the printing paste in the supporting material in the container based on a preset target design model includes:
respectively filling the printing slurry into at least one charging barrel of a 3D printer, sequentially switching the charging barrels through the 3D printer based on a preset target design model, and extruding the corresponding printing slurry in a supporting material in a container through the nozzles corresponding to the charging barrels, wherein the switching mode of the nozzles is that the nozzles are switched after being moved out of the supporting material.
In this embodiment, specifically, the printing slurries are respectively loaded into different cartridges of the 3D printer, each cartridge is connected to a different nozzle, a preset target design model is set by setting the 3D printer, so that the 3D printer plans an extrusion moving path and extrusion parameters of the nozzle corresponding to each cartridge based on the preset target design model, and controls each cartridge and the nozzle corresponding to each cartridge of the 3D printer, and based on the extrusion moving path and the extrusion parameters, the printing slurries are sequentially extruded at the position corresponding to each printing slurry in the supporting material in the container, wherein the switching manner of the nozzles is to switch after the nozzles are removed from the supporting material, for example, three printing slurries of a1, a2 and a3 are available, a1 slurry is loaded into b1 cartridge, and a2 slurry is loaded into b2 cartridge, the method comprises the steps of loading a3 slurry into a b3 cylinder, wherein a b1 cylinder is connected with a c1 nozzle, a b2 cylinder is connected with a c2 nozzle, and a b3 cylinder is connected with a c3 nozzle, determining respective corresponding areas of a1 slurry, a2 slurry and a3 slurry based on a preset target design model, further planning extrusion moving paths of the c1 nozzle, the c2 nozzle and the c3 nozzle and extrusion parameters of a1 slurry, a2 slurry and a3 slurry, controlling the nozzles to sequentially extrude the respective corresponding printing slurries according to the extrusion moving paths and the extrusion parameters, lifting the nozzles out of a supporting material to be converted into nozzles corresponding to another printing slurry each time the printing slurries need to be switched, and continuously extruding the printing slurries into corresponding positions of the supporting material until the other preset target design model finishes extrusion printing.
Optionally, the step of filling each printing paste into a cartridge of a 3D printer, and extruding, by the 3D printer, the printing paste in the supporting material in the container based on a preset target design model includes:
respectively filling each printing paste into at least one material cylinder of a 3D printer, connecting each material cylinder to the same nozzle, setting extrusion positions and extrusion times of the printing pastes corresponding to the material cylinders based on a preset target design model through the 3D printer, and extruding the printing pastes in the supporting materials in the container through the nozzles.
In this embodiment, specifically, the printing slurries are respectively filled into different material cylinders of a 3D printer, each material cylinder is connected to a same nozzle, and a preset target design model is set by setting the 3D printer, so that the 3D printer plans an extrusion moving path of the nozzle and an extrusion position and an extrusion time of each printing slurry in each material cylinder based on the preset target design model, controls the nozzle of the 3D printer to move based on the extrusion moving path, and controls each material cylinder of the 3D printer to extrude each printing slurry in a support material in the container based on the extrusion position and the extrusion time.
In this embodiment, because the thick liquids of printing of difference extrude through same nozzle, only need control to print the thick liquids and follow the time of extruding in the feed cylinder, can realize the continuous extrusion of many materials, improve the continuity of many materials printing process, improve the printing efficiency that many materials were printed, and connect closely between many materials, the layering phenomenon is difficult for appearing, has improved the quality of the many material models of final preparation.
Optionally, the step of filling each printing paste into a cartridge of a 3D printer, and extruding, by the 3D printer, the printing paste in the supporting material in the container based on a preset target design model includes:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining base materials, respectively filling each printing slurry and the base materials into at least two material cylinders of a 3D printer, connecting each material cylinder to the same nozzle, adjusting the extrusion rate and the extrusion time of the printing slurry or the base materials in each material cylinder through the 3D printer based on a gradient structure of a preset target design model, continuously extruding each printing slurry and the base materials, mixing each printing slurry and the base materials through the nozzles to obtain mixed new printing slurries with different solid contents, and extruding the new printing slurries in supporting materials in a container.
In this embodiment, specifically, a prepared base material is obtained, each printing paste and the base material are respectively filled into at least two different material cylinders of a 3D printer, the material cylinders filled with the base material and the printing paste are connected with a same nozzle, a preset target design model is set by setting the 3D printer, so that the 3D printer plans an extrusion moving path of the nozzle and an extrusion rate and an extrusion time of each printing paste in each material cylinder based on the preset target design model, the nozzle of the 3D printer is controlled to move based on the extrusion moving path, each material cylinder of the 3D printer is controlled to continuously extrude each printing paste or the base material into the nozzle based on the extrusion rate and the extrusion time, and mixing of each printing paste and the base material is realized in the nozzle, namely, the printing slurry is diluted by the matrix material to obtain the mixed and diluted new printing slurry with different solid contents, extruding the new printing paste in the supporting material in the container, wherein the solid content of the printing paste mixed and diluted at different extrusion rates and different extrusion times is different, and the continuous extrusion of the printing paste with different solid content can form a continuous transition gradient structure, for example, a high solid phase ceramic resin paste is charged into a cylinder A, a resin base material is charged into a cylinder B, the cylinder A and the cylinder B are connected to the same nozzle, the extruding speed and the extruding time of the charging barrel A and the charging barrel B are respectively adjusted, so that the mixing dilution of the high solid-phase ceramic resin paste and the resin matrix material with different proportions can be realized, and the ceramic resin printing slurry with different solid-phase contents can be obtained.
Optionally, the base material is the same kind of base material as the printing paste.
In this embodiment, specifically, the base material is the same as the base material of the printing paste, so that the printing paste can be diluted better.
In an implementable manner, referring to fig. 2, the printing paste 2 and the base material 5 are respectively filled into two different material cylinders 1 of the 3D printer, the material cylinders 1 filled with the base material 2 and the printing paste 5 are connected with the same nozzle 3, a preset target design model is set by setting the 3D printer, so that the 3D printer plans an extrusion moving path of the nozzle 3 and extrusion rates and extrusion times of the printing paste 2 and the base material 5 in each material cylinder 1 based on the preset target design model, controls the nozzle 3 of the 3D printer to move based on the extrusion moving path, controls each material cylinder 1 of the 3D printer to continuously extrude the printing paste 2 and the base material 5 into the nozzle 3 based on the extrusion rates and the extrusion times, and realizes mixing of the printing paste 2 and the base material 5 in the nozzle 3, namely, the printing paste 2 is diluted by the base material 5 to obtain a mixed and diluted new printing paste, the diluted new printing paste is extruded out of the supporting material 4 in the container, and the gradient-structure material model 6 can be obtained after the printing paste with gradually changed concentration is solidified.
In this embodiment, through control print the thick liquids with the dilution of printing thick liquids has been realized to matrix material's extrusion rate, just the concentration of dilution is easily mastered, and the continuous change of speed can make the concentration of printing thick liquids continuous simple and convenient, and then makes the gradient structure of the model that finally obtains gentle continuous excessive, and can not appear the layering phenomenon, and, when extruding the printing, because the supporting role of supporting material, the structure collapse or the sending of deformation that the dilution of printing thick liquids probably appears has been avoided, has ensured the integrality of printing model structure, can obtain the gradient structure material model of the no layered structure of high quality.
Optionally, the extrusion movement path of the extrusion printing paste comprises a planar layer cutting path or a three-dimensional curved surface path.
In this embodiment, specifically, the extrusion moving path of the extrusion printing paste includes a planar cut-layer path or a three-dimensional curved-surface path, and based on flexible adjustment of the planar cut-layer path or the three-dimensional curved-surface path, printing of a printed product with a complex shape and without anisotropy (or anisotropy) can be better and more flexibly achieved.
In one practical way, the extrusion way of extruding the printing paste comprises piston extrusion, screw extrusion or pneumatic extrusion, etc.
And step S40, curing the printing slurry to obtain a multi-material model or a gradient structure material model.
In this embodiment, specifically, the support material and/or the printing paste in the container are subjected to a curing process, and after the curing process, the support material is removed to obtain a multi-material model or a gradient structure material model composed of the cured printing paste, wherein the multi-material model or the gradient structure material model obtained after removing the support material may be used as it is, or may be further subjected to a post-process such as degreasing and sintering.
Optionally, the curing treatment comprises one or more of light curing treatment, radioactive ray curing treatment, heat curing treatment, ion crosslinking curing treatment, enzyme crosslinking curing treatment, covalent crosslinking curing treatment, freeze drying curing treatment, heating drying curing treatment and air drying curing treatment,
the step of curing the printing paste to obtain a multi-material model or a gradient structure material model comprises:
in the process of extruding the printing paste, carrying out photocuring treatment, radioactive ray curing treatment, thermocuring treatment, ionic crosslinking curing treatment, enzyme crosslinking curing treatment and/or covalent crosslinking curing treatment synchronously to obtain a multi-material model or a gradient structure material model;
Or after all printing slurry corresponding to the preset target design model is extruded, carrying out light curing treatment, radioactive ray curing treatment, heat curing treatment, ionic crosslinking curing treatment, enzyme crosslinking curing treatment, covalent crosslinking curing treatment, freeze drying curing treatment, heating drying curing treatment and/or air drying curing treatment to obtain the multi-material model or the gradient structure material model.
In this embodiment, specifically, the curing process includes one or a combination of multiple light curing process, radiation curing process, heat curing process, ionic crosslinking curing process, enzyme crosslinking curing process, covalent crosslinking curing process, freeze drying curing process, heat drying curing process, and air drying curing process, and may be determined comprehensively according to the curing efficiency, the type of the printing paste, the solid content of the printing paste, and the like, for example, for the light curing resin-based ceramic paste, due to the supporting function of the supporting material, there is no need to worry about the deformation possibly caused by untimely curing and reduce the solid content thereof, so that the light curing process of the light curing resin-based ceramic paste with high solid content can be realized, and further the direct writing printing of the light curing resin-based ceramic paste with high solid content can be realized, and the radiation curing process can be further combined, through radioactive ray curing treatment, the slurry which is large in volume and high in solid phase content and cannot be penetrated by the ultraviolet lamp can be penetrated and cured, further deep curing of the printing slurry is achieved, the internal structure of the multi-material model or the gradient structure material model is consolidated, and the quality of the multi-material model or the gradient structure material model is improved.
In the embodiment, a supporting material and at least one printing paste are respectively prepared, the supporting material is filled into a container, the container filled with the supporting material is placed on a printing platform, the printing pastes are respectively filled into a material cylinder of a 3D printer, the 3D printer is used for extruding the printing pastes in the supporting material in the container based on a preset target design model, the extrusion of multiple printing pastes is realized through one 3D printer, the printing pastes are further cured to obtain a multi-material model or a gradient structure material model, the 3D printing of the multi-material model or the gradient structure material model is realized through one 3D printer, compared with a mode of increasing the number of photocuring resin grooves for multi-material printing, the switching process of different printing pastes by the same 3D printer is more coherent, reduced the printing error that the switching process produced, improved the precision that 3D printed, and under the supporting role of supporting material, the connection between the multiple printing thick liquids is inseparabler, and then makes the inner structure of many material models or gradient structure material model inseparabler, has effectively improved many materials or gradient structure material model performance and quality, has overcome the relatively poor technical problem of many materials or gradient structure material model quality that prior art 3D printed.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes, which are directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, and which are not limited by the present application, are also included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A3D suspension printing method of a multi-material or gradient structure material model is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
preparing a support material and at least one printing paste respectively;
putting the supporting material into a container, and putting the container filled with the supporting material on a printing platform;
respectively filling the printing pastes into a charging barrel of a 3D printer, and extruding the printing pastes in the supporting materials in the container through the 3D printer based on a preset target design model;
and curing the printing slurry to obtain a multi-material model or a gradient structure material model.
2. The method for 3D suspension printing of multi-material or gradient structure material models of claim 1, wherein the support material comprises one or more of trimethylolpropane triacrylate, polyacrylamide resins, cross-linked polyacrylic resins, polyethylene oxide, mineral oil, silicone oil, greases, paraffins, hydrogels, carbomers, and gelatin.
3. The method for 3D suspension printing of a multi-material or gradient structure material model as defined in claim 1, wherein the printing paste comprises one or more of inorganic non-metallic paste, metallic powder paste and polymer powder paste.
4. The method for 3D levitation printing of a multi-material or gradient structure material model as defined in claim 1, wherein the step of separately loading each of the printing pastes into a cartridge of a 3D printer, by which 3D printer the printing paste is extruded in the support material in the container based on a pre-set target design model, comprises:
and respectively filling the printing slurry into at least one charging barrel of a 3D printer, and extruding the printing slurry in a supporting material in the container through at least one nozzle of the 3D printer in a three-axis direct writing printing mode, a five-axis extrusion printing mode or a six-axis extrusion printing mode based on a preset target design model.
5. The method for 3D levitation printing of a multi-material or gradient structure material model as defined in claim 1, wherein the step of separately loading each of the printing pastes into a cartridge of a 3D printer, by which 3D printer the printing paste is extruded in the support material in the container based on a pre-set target design model, comprises:
Respectively filling the printing slurry into at least one charging barrel of a 3D printer, sequentially switching the charging barrels through the 3D printer based on a preset target design model, and extruding the corresponding printing slurry from a supporting material in a container through nozzles corresponding to the charging barrels, wherein the switching mode of the charging barrels is that the nozzles are switched after being moved out of the supporting material.
6. The method for 3D levitation printing of a multi-material or gradient structure material model as defined in claim 1, wherein the step of separately loading each of the printing pastes into a cartridge of a 3D printer, by which 3D printer the printing paste is extruded in the support material in the container based on a pre-set target design model, comprises:
respectively filling each printing paste into at least one material cylinder of a 3D printer, connecting each material cylinder to the same nozzle, setting extrusion positions and extrusion times of the printing pastes corresponding to the material cylinders based on a preset target design model through the 3D printer, and extruding the printing pastes in the supporting materials in the container through the nozzles.
7. The method for 3D levitation printing of a multi-material or gradient structure material model as defined in claim 1, wherein the step of separately loading each of the printing pastes into a cartridge of a 3D printer, by which 3D printer the printing paste is extruded in the support material in the container based on a pre-set target design model, comprises:
obtaining a base material, respectively filling each printing slurry and the base material into at least two material cylinders of a 3D printer, connecting each material cylinder to the same nozzle, continuously extruding each printing slurry and the base material by the 3D printer based on a gradient structure of a preset target design model, mixing each printing slurry and the base material by the nozzle to obtain mixed new printing slurries with different solid contents, and extruding the new printing slurries in a support material in the container.
8. The method for 3D suspension printing of multi-material or gradient structure material models according to claim 7, wherein the base material is the same kind as the base material of the printing paste.
9. The method for 3D suspension printing of multi-material or gradient structure material models according to claim 1, wherein the curing process comprises one or more of a photo-curing process, a radiation curing process, a thermal curing process, an ionic cross-linking curing process, an enzymatic cross-linking curing process, a covalent cross-linking curing process, a freeze-drying curing process, a heat-drying curing process, and an air-drying curing process,
the step of curing the printing paste to obtain a multi-material model or a gradient structure material model comprises:
in the process of extruding the printing paste, carrying out photocuring treatment, radioactive ray curing treatment, thermocuring treatment, ionic crosslinking curing treatment, enzyme crosslinking curing treatment and/or covalent crosslinking curing treatment synchronously to obtain a multi-material model or a gradient structure material model;
or after all printing slurry corresponding to the preset target design model is extruded, carrying out light curing treatment, radioactive ray curing treatment, heat curing treatment, ionic crosslinking curing treatment, enzyme crosslinking curing treatment, covalent crosslinking curing treatment, freeze drying curing treatment, heating drying curing treatment and/or air drying curing treatment to obtain the multi-material model or the gradient structure material model.
10. The method for 3D levitation printing of a multi-material or gradient structure material model of claim 1, wherein the path of extrusion movement of the extrusion printing paste comprises a planar sliced path or a three-dimensional curved path.
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Application publication date: 20220715 |