CN114749932A - Cavitation-assisted milling device and method - Google Patents
Cavitation-assisted milling device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114749932A CN114749932A CN202210420184.1A CN202210420184A CN114749932A CN 114749932 A CN114749932 A CN 114749932A CN 202210420184 A CN202210420184 A CN 202210420184A CN 114749932 A CN114749932 A CN 114749932A
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- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
- B23P23/04—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass for both machining and other metal-working operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
- B01D29/52—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in parallel connection
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
- B01D35/02—Filters adapted for location in special places, e.g. pipe-lines, pumps, stop-cocks
- B01D35/027—Filters adapted for location in special places, e.g. pipe-lines, pumps, stop-cocks rigidly mounted in or on tanks or reservoirs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C9/00—Details or accessories so far as specially adapted to milling machines or cutter
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/08—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for polishing surfaces, e.g. smoothing a surface by making use of liquid-borne abrasives
- B24C1/083—Deburring
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C7/00—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts
- B24C7/0007—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed in a liquid carrier
- B24C7/0038—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed in a liquid carrier the blasting medium being a gaseous stream
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C9/00—Appurtenances of abrasive blasting machines or devices, e.g. working chambers, arrangements for handling used abrasive material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
The invention discloses a cavitation auxiliary milling device and a method, wherein a main runner, an auxiliary air runner, an auxiliary nano-abrasive grain suspension runner and an organ-type sub-runner are arranged in a milling cutter, high-pressure water jet in a reservoir flows through a high-pressure water pipeline and then flows into the main runner, meanwhile, compressed air flows into the main runner through the auxiliary air runner, nano-abrasive grain suspension flows into the main runner through the nano-abrasive grain suspension runner, a mixed solution of three substances, namely high-pressure water jet, compressed air and nano-abrasive grains, is ejected from the organ-type sub-runner in a high-speed jet mode and generates a shearing action with an outflow field water body to generate cavitation bubbles, the cavitation bubbles collapse on a milled surface, the generated high-speed micro-jet and impact waves act on the milled surface, and the milled surface is deburred and strengthened by the micro-cutting action of nano-abrasive grains; the cavitation is integrated in the milling process, and a separate deburring procedure is not needed for the workpiece, so that the processed surface has better surface quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of machining, relates to milling, and particularly relates to a device and a method for machining by cavitation-assisted milling.
Background
Modern precision instruments are widely applied, higher requirements are put forward on the surface quality of parts, burrs often appear at the edges and other parts of a milled workpiece due to the influence of cutting conditions in the milling process of the workpiece, and therefore the burrs need to be removed by means of a subsequent process, the processing efficiency is greatly reduced, and the burrs need to be removed during the milling process. On the other hand, the surface of the precision part is often subjected to external force during operation, and in order to reduce the deformation of the surface of the part due to the external force and to reduce the development of cracks, it is necessary to perform a strengthening treatment on the surface of the precision part to increase the surface compressive residual stress of the part. At present, the commonly used surface strengthening process is mainly mechanical shot blasting, which utilizes the impact effect of shot to introduce residual stress on the surface of a workpiece, and although the surface of the workpiece can be strengthened, the surface smoothness and the flatness of the workpiece can be reduced, so that the requirements of modern high-end precision parts can not be met.
In recent years, cavitation technology is gradually introduced into surface treatment processes, for example, in chinese patent publication No. CN110004279B, a volume-alternating-type apparatus for strengthening inner surface cavitation of a micro-hole and a processing method thereof are disclosed, which utilize the principle of volume alternation to generate cavitation, and then utilize energy generated by collapse of cavitation bubbles to strengthen the inner wall of a processed through-hole. However, this method is only suitable for strengthening the inner wall of the hole that has been machined, belongs to surface treatment after machining, and obviously cannot be applied to the process of strengthening and deburring the surface while milling.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a cavitation-assisted milling device and a processing method thereof, which can finish surface strengthening and deburring while milling and ensure surface smoothness and flatness.
The invention relates to a cavitation auxiliary milling device, which adopts the technical scheme that: the milling cutter comprises a rotating milling cutter, wherein a main runner, an auxiliary gas runner, an auxiliary nano-abrasive particle suspension runner and a wind-piano tube type sub-runner are arranged in the milling cutter, the inlet end of the main runner is arranged at the rear end of a cutter handle of the milling cutter and extends to a cutter tooth section of the milling cutter along the central shaft of the milling cutter, the auxiliary gas runner and the nano-abrasive particle suspension runner are arranged beside the main runner, and the inlet ends of the auxiliary gas runner and the nano-abrasive particle suspension runner penetrate through the side wall of the main runner and are communicated with the inside of the main runner at the rear end of the cutter handle and the outlet end of the cutter handle; the front end of the main runner is communicated with the outside through at least two organ-pipe type sub-runners; the workpiece fixing clamp is arranged at the bottom of the liquid storage tank and is immersed in water, the inlet of the main flow passage is communicated with the water storage tank through a high-pressure water conveying pipeline, the inlet end of the auxiliary air flow passage is connected with the air compressor through an air conveying pipeline, and the inlet end of the nano abrasive particle turbid liquid flow passage is communicated with the suspension liquid tank through a turbid liquid pipeline.
The processing method of the cavitation auxiliary milling device provided by the invention adopts the technical scheme that the processing method comprises the following steps:
step A: the milling cutter rotates to mill a hole to be machined of a workpiece, a flow field water body flows out of the hole to be machined, high-pressure water jet in the reservoir flows into the main runner through the high-pressure water conveying pipeline, meanwhile, compressed air flows into the main runner through the auxiliary air runner, and the nano abrasive particle suspension flows into the main runner through the nano abrasive particle suspension runner;
and B: the mixed liquid of three substances of high-pressure water jet, compressed air and nano abrasive particles is ejected out from the organ-shaped shunt passage in a high-speed jet form and generates shearing action with the water body of an outflow field to generate cavitation bubbles;
and C: cavitation bubbles collapse on the milling surface, generated high-speed micro jet and shock waves act on the milled surface, and the milled surface is deburred and strengthened by means of the micro-cutting effect of the nano abrasive particles.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects after adopting the technical scheme:
1. the invention can perform the work of cavitation strengthening and deburring on the workpiece while milling, and simultaneously performs the work with the milling process, thereby having high processing efficiency and not needing to perform a separate deburring process on the workpiece.
2. The invention can integrate cavitation in the milling process, and the principle is mainly to use the flexible hammering action when cavitation bubbles collapse to promote the falling of burrs on a workpiece and strengthen the surface of the workpiece. Compared with the traditional mechanical shot blasting technology and the current stage cavitation auxiliary processing technology, the invention can ensure that the processed surface has better surface quality.
3. The gas transmission pipeline provided by the invention can further improve the flow velocity of the high-pressure water jet and increase cavitation nuclei in the jet, so that more cavitation bubbles are generated.
4. According to the invention, through the suspension pipeline, the nano abrasive particles are added into the jet flow, so that the deburring effect is further enhanced.
Drawings
To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments are briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts,
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cavitation-assisted milling device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the cavitation-assisted milling operation occurring when the tooth segment of the milling cutter of FIG. 1 is machining a workpiece;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the front view of the milling cutter of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the milling cutter of fig. 3;
fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view of the wind-piano tube type diverging passageway of fig. 4.
In the figure: 1. a high pressure water delivery line; 2. a gas line; 3. a suspension pipeline; 4. a water injection line; 5. an overflow line; 6. a drain line; 7. a first filter assembly; 8. a circulation pump; 9. a high pressure pump; 10. a pressure regulating valve; 11. a pressure gauge; 12. a flow valve; 13. a pressure pump; 14. a suspension liquid pool; 15. a reservoir; 16. a second filter assembly; 17. a valve; 18. a water outlet; 19. an overflow port; 20. milling cutters; 21. milling a main shaft; 22. a workpiece; 23. a liquid storage tank; 24. an organ-pipe-type shunt; 25. nano abrasive grains; 26. cavitation bubbles; 27. an air compressor; 28. a pressure reducing valve; 29. a flow stabilizing valve; 30. a soap film flow meter; 31. a main flow channel; 32. an auxiliary gas flow passage; 33. a nano abrasive grain turbid liquid flow channel; 34. an inlet section; 35. a contraction section; 36. a conical diffuser section.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the cavitation auxiliary milling device of the present invention includes a milling spindle 21 and a milling cutter 20, wherein the milling cutter 20 is mounted on the milling spindle 21, the milling spindle 21 and the milling cutter 20 are coaxially and fixedly connected, and the milling spindle 21 rotates to drive the milling cutter 20 to synchronously rotate, so as to machine a workpiece 22.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the milling cutter 20 is divided into a shank section and a tooth section, the shank section is a polish rod, the rear section of the milling cutter 20, and the tooth section is a milling cutter section and a front section of the milling cutter 20.
The milling cutter 20 is internally provided with a main flow channel 31, an auxiliary air flow channel 32, an auxiliary nano abrasive particle suspension flow channel 33 and a wind-piano tube type sub-flow channel 24, the inlet end of the main flow channel 31 is arranged at the rear end of the cutter handle and extends from the rear end of the cutter handle to the cutter tooth section of the milling cutter 20 along the direction of the central axis of the cutter handle, and the main flow channel 31 is of a blind hole structure and does not penetrate through the front end of the cutter tooth section of the milling cutter 20. An auxiliary air channel 32 and a nano-abrasive grain suspension channel 33 are arranged beside the main channel 31, and the auxiliary air channel 32 and the nano-abrasive grain suspension channel 33 are parallel to the main channel 31 and are symmetrically arranged right opposite to the central axis of the main channel 31. The inlet ends of the auxiliary air channel 32 and the nano abrasive particle suspension channel 33 are also arranged at the rear end of the tool holder, and the outlet ends are connected with and communicated with the main channel 31 and penetrate through the side wall of the main channel 31 to be communicated with the inside of the main channel 31. The axial length of the auxiliary air channel 32 and the nano-abrasive particle suspension channel 33 is smaller than that of the shank section of the milling cutter 20, and the joint of the auxiliary air channel 32 and the nano-abrasive particle suspension channel 33 with the main channel 31 is located in the range of the shank section. The aperture of the main flow channel 31 is larger than the apertures of the auxiliary air flow channel 32 and the nano-abrasive grain suspension flow channel 33, the apertures of the auxiliary air flow channel 32 and the nano-abrasive grain suspension flow channel 33 are equal, and the auxiliary air flow channel and the nano-abrasive grain suspension flow channel are symmetrically distributed relative to the central axis of the main flow channel 31.
The front end of the main flow channel 31 is respectively connected and communicated with at least two organ-type sub-flow channels 24, the at least two organ-type sub-flow channels 24 are communicated with the outside, and an included angle is formed between the organ-type sub-flow channels 24 and the central shaft of the milling cutter 20.
When the outlet ends of the auxiliary air flow channel 32 and the nano abrasive particle suspension flow channel 33 are connected with the main flow channel 31, the included angle between the two outlet ends is 120-150 degrees, and the included angle between the organ-shaped sub-flow channel 24 and the central axis of the milling cutter 20 is 50-70 degrees.
Referring to fig. 5, all the organ pipe flow passages 24 have the same structure and are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction. The present invention preferably has two accordion pipe flow passages 24 symmetrically disposed on opposite sides along the central axis of the cutter 20. Each organ pipe flow channel 24 is composed of an inlet section 34, a contraction section 35 and a conical diffusion outlet section 36 in series, and the conical diffusion outlet section 36 is arranged at the cutter groove of the milling cutter 20. The inner diameter of the contraction section 35 is smaller than the inner diameters of the inlet section 34 and the conical diffusion outlet section 36, the inlet section 34 and the contraction section 35 are both circular pore canals, the conical small end of the conical diffusion outlet section 36 is connected with the contraction section 35, and the conical large end is communicated with the outside.
The workpiece 22 is fixedly clamped at the bottom of the liquid storage tank 23, water is stored in the liquid storage tank 23, and the whole workpiece 22 is immersed in the water.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 4, an inlet of the main flow passage 31 is communicated with a reservoir 15 through a high-pressure water transmission pipeline 1, a high-pressure pump 9, a pressure regulating valve 10 and a pressure gauge 11 are arranged on the high-pressure water transmission pipeline 1, and the high-pressure pump 9 pumps high-pressure water from the reservoir 15 into the main flow passage 31 to obtain high-pressure water jet capable of generating cavitation. The water inlet end of the high-pressure pump 9 is arranged in a reservoir 15 filled with water, and the water outlet end of the high-pressure pump 9 is connected into the main flow passage 31 after being regulated by a pressure regulating valve 10. The pressure regulating valve 10 is used for regulating the water pressure, and the pressure gauge 11 detects the water pressure in real time.
The inlet end of the auxiliary air flow passage 32 is connected with an air compressor 27 through an air transmission pipeline 2, and a pressure reducing valve 28, a flow stabilizing valve 29 and a soap film flowmeter 30 are arranged on the air transmission pipeline 2. The air is compressed by the air compressor 27 and flows into the pressure reducing valve 28, and then flows into the main flow passage 31 through the flow stabilizing valve 29 to stabilize the output air flow, further increasing the flow rate of the high pressure water jet and increasing the cavitation nuclei in the jet to generate more cavitation bubbles 26, see fig. 2. The specific value of the air flow is then viewed by the soap film flow meter 30.
The inlet end of the nano abrasive particle suspension flow channel 33 is communicated with a suspension liquid pool 14 through a suspension liquid pipeline 3, a pressure pump 13 and a flow valve 12 are installed on the suspension liquid pipeline 3, suspension liquid containing nano abrasive particles 25 is filled in the suspension liquid pool 14, the inlet of the pressure pump 13 is arranged in the suspension liquid pool 14, the nano abrasive particle suspension is sucked by the pressure pump 14, is subjected to flow stabilization through the flow valve 12 and then is conveyed into the nano abrasive particle suspension flow channel 33, and the deburring effect is enhanced. The nano abrasive suspension is a water-based solution, and the hardness of the nano abrasive 25 is greater than that of the workpiece 22 and less than that of the milling cutter 20.
Be linked together through water injection pipeline 4 between liquid reserve tank 23 and the cistern 15, the both ends of water injection pipeline 4 are even respectively at the top of liquid reserve tank 23 and cistern 15, install circulating pump 8 on water injection pipeline 4, and the water in the cistern 15 is via circulating pump 8, pours into through the top of liquid reserve tank 23 into, fills water in the liquid reserve tank 23 earlier before milling.
An overflow port 19 is formed at a certain height on the side wall of the reservoir 23, the overflow port 19 is connected to the reservoir 15 through an overflow line 5, and a first filter unit 7 is installed on the overflow line. When the water level in the liquid storage tank 23 reaches a certain height in the milling process, water flows to the first filtering component 7 through the overflow port 19, and finally flows into the water storage tank 15 after being filtered, so that the problem that liquid in the liquid storage tank 23 continuously overflows in the milling process is solved.
The bottom of the reservoir tank 23 is provided with a water outlet 18, the water outlet 18 is communicated with the reservoir tank 15 through a water discharge pipeline 6, a valve 17 and a second filter assembly 16 are arranged on the water discharge pipeline 6, after the milling process is stopped, the valve 17 is opened, liquid is discharged from the reservoir tank 23, flows through the second filter assembly 16 and finally is discharged into the reservoir tank 15, and the liquid in the reservoir tank 23 can be emptied after the milling process is stopped.
Referring to fig. 1-5, when the cavitation-assisted milling device of the present invention works, a workpiece 22 to be milled is first clamped at the bottom of a liquid storage tank 23, a circulation pump 8 is turned on, water in a water storage tank 15 is filled into the liquid storage tank 23, and the circulation pump 8 is turned off when the water level is over the workpiece 22. Then, starting the high-pressure pump 9, adjusting the pressure regulating valve 10, and when the pressure gauge 11 displays that the pressure is about 20Mpa, high-pressure water jet with the pressure of 20Mpa flows into a main flow passage 31 inside the milling cutter 22; meanwhile, the air compressor 27 is started, the pressure reducing valve 28 and the flow stabilizing valve 29 are adjusted, and when the soap film flowmeter 30 displays that the flow is about 1L/min, the compressed air with the flow of 1L/min flows into the main flow passage 31 through the auxiliary air flow passage 32; meanwhile, the pressure pump 13 is started, the flow valve 12 is adjusted, the flow rate of the nano-abrasive particle 25 suspension is controlled to be about 5L/min, and the nano-abrasive particle 25 suspension with the flow rate of about 5L/min flows into the main flow passage 31 through the nano-abrasive particle suspension flow passage 33; in this way, the mixed liquid of the three substances of the high-pressure water jet, the compressed air and the nano abrasive particles 25 enters the contraction section 35 of the organ-pipe-shaped branch passage 24 from the inlet section 34 thereof in the form of a high-speed jet, so that the mixed liquid obtains a larger flow speed and is finally ejected through the conical diffusion section 36. And starting the machine tool, wherein the milling spindle 21 drives the milling cutter 20 to rotate, and milling the hole to be processed of the workpiece 22, an external flow field water body is arranged in the hole to be processed of the workpiece 22, and the mixed liquid sprayed by the conical diffusion section 36 and the external flow field water body generate a violent shearing action to generate cavitation bubbles 26. And starting the machine tool, driving the milling cutter 20 to rotate by the milling spindle 21, and milling a workpiece 22. In the milling process, the cavitation bubbles 26 and the nano abrasive particles 25 are driven by the jet flow to reach the milled surface, the cavitation bubbles 26 are collapsed, the generated high-speed micro jet flow and shock waves directly act on the milled surface, and the micro-cutting effect of the nano abrasive particles 25 is relied on to realize the deburring and strengthening effects on the milled surface. In the milling process, due to the continuous injection of the water jet, in order to prevent the liquid in the liquid storage tank 23 from continuously overflowing, when the water level in the liquid storage tank 23 reaches a certain height, the water flows to the first filtering component 7 through the overflow port 19, and finally flows into the water storage tank 15 after being filtered. Finally, after milling is finished, the machine tool is closed, the high-pressure pump 9, the air compressor 27 and the pressure pump 13 are closed, the valve 17 is opened, all liquid in the liquid storage tank 23 flows into the water storage tank 15 through the second filtering component 16, the valve 17 is closed after the liquid in the liquid storage tank 23 is completely emptied, and the workpiece 22 is taken out.
Claims (10)
1. Cavitation assisted milling apparatus comprising a rotating milling cutter (20) characterised in that: a main flow channel (31), an auxiliary air flow channel (32), an auxiliary nano-abrasive particle suspension flow channel (33) and a wind-piano-shaped sub-flow channel (24) are arranged inside the milling cutter (20), the inlet end of the main flow channel (31) is arranged at the rear end of a cutter handle of the milling cutter (20) and extends to a cutter tooth section of the milling cutter (20) along the central shaft of the milling cutter (20), the auxiliary air flow channel (32) and the nano-abrasive particle suspension flow channel (33) are arranged beside the main flow channel (31), and the inlet ends of the auxiliary air flow channel (32) and the nano-abrasive particle suspension flow channel (33) penetrate through the side wall of the main flow channel (31) at the rear end of the cutter handle and the outlet end to be communicated with the inside of the main flow channel (31); the front end of the main flow passage (31) is communicated with the outside through at least two organ-pipe type sub-flow passages (24); the workpiece (22) is fixedly clamped at the bottom of the liquid storage tank (23) and is immersed in water, the inlet of the main flow channel (31) is communicated with the water storage tank (15) through a high-pressure water conveying pipeline (1), the inlet end of the auxiliary air flow channel (32) is connected with the air compressor (27) through an air conveying pipeline (2), and the inlet end of the nano abrasive particle turbid liquid flow channel (33) is communicated with the turbid liquid tank (14) through a turbid liquid pipeline (3).
2. The cavitation-assisted milling apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary air channel (32) and the nano abrasive particle suspension channel (33) are parallel to the main channel (31) and are symmetrically arranged relative to the central axis of the main channel (31).
3. The cavitation-assisted milling apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the axial length of the auxiliary air flow channel (32) and the nano-abrasive particle suspension flow channel (33) is smaller than that of a cutter handle section of the milling cutter (20), the aperture of the main flow channel (31) is larger than that of the auxiliary air flow channel (32) and the nano-abrasive particle suspension flow channel (33), and the apertures of the auxiliary air flow channel (32) and the nano-abrasive particle suspension flow channel (33) are equal.
4. The cavitation-assisted milling apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the included angle between the outlet end of the auxiliary gas flow channel (32) and the outlet end of the nano abrasive particle suspension flow channel (33) is 120-150 degrees, the included angle between the organ-pipe-shaped sub-flow channel (24) and the central shaft of the milling cutter (20) is 50-70 degrees, and all the organ-pipe-shaped flow channels (24) have the same structure and are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction.
5. The cavitation-assisted milling apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: each organ pipe flow passage (24) is formed by connecting an inlet section (34), a contraction section (35) and a conical diffusion outlet section (36) in series, the inner diameter of the contraction section (35) is smaller than the inner diameters of the inlet section (34) and the conical diffusion outlet section (36), the inlet section (34) and the contraction section (35) are circular hole channels, the conical small end of the conical diffusion outlet section (36) is connected with the contraction section (35), the conical large end is communicated with the outside, and the conical diffusion outlet section (36) is arranged at a cutter groove of the milling cutter (20).
6. The cavitation-assisted milling apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the high-pressure water conveying pipeline (1) is provided with a high-pressure pump (9), a pressure regulating valve (10) and a pressure gauge (11), the gas conveying pipeline (2) is provided with a pressure reducing valve (28), a flow stabilizing valve (29) and a soap film flowmeter (30), and the suspension pipeline (3) is provided with a pressure pump (13) and a flow valve (12).
7. The cavitation-assisted milling apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the liquid storage tank (230) is communicated with the water storage tank (15) through a water injection pipeline (4), and a circulating pump (8) is arranged on the water injection pipeline (4).
8. The cavitation-assisted milling apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: an overflow opening (19) is formed in the side wall of the liquid storage tank (23), the overflow opening (19) is communicated with the reservoir (15) through an overflow pipeline (5), and a first filtering component (7) is arranged on the overflow pipeline (5); the bottom of the reservoir (23) is provided with a water outlet (18), the water outlet (18) is communicated with the reservoir (15) through a water drainage pipeline (6), and the water drainage pipeline (6) is provided with a valve (17) and a second filtering component (16).
9. A method of machining a cavitation-assisted milling apparatus as set forth in claim 1, characterized by the steps of:
step A: the milling cutter (20) rotates to mill a hole to be machined of a workpiece (22), an outer flow field water body is arranged in the hole to be machined, high-pressure water jet in the reservoir (15) flows through the high-pressure water conveying pipeline (1) and flows into the main flow passage (31), meanwhile, compressed air flows into the main flow passage (31) through the auxiliary air flow passage (32), and the nano abrasive particle suspension flows into the main flow passage (31) through the nano abrasive particle suspension flow passage (33);
and B, step B: the mixed liquid of the high-pressure water jet, the compressed air and the nano abrasive particles is ejected from the organ-pipe-shaped shunt passage (24) in a high-speed jet mode and generates shearing action with the water body of the outflow field to generate cavitation bubbles;
and C: cavitation bubbles collapse on the milling surface, generated high-speed micro jet and shock waves act on the milled surface, and the milled surface is deburred and strengthened by means of the micro-cutting effect of the nano abrasive particles.
10. The process of claim 9, wherein: the pressure of the high-pressure water jet is 20Mpa, the flow of the compressed air is 1L/min, and the flow of the nano abrasive particle suspension is 5L/min.
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