CN114749880A - Internal gear pump gear ring machining process for improving hardness - Google Patents
Internal gear pump gear ring machining process for improving hardness Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114749880A CN114749880A CN202210499419.0A CN202210499419A CN114749880A CN 114749880 A CN114749880 A CN 114749880A CN 202210499419 A CN202210499419 A CN 202210499419A CN 114749880 A CN114749880 A CN 114749880A
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- gear
- gear ring
- ring
- hardness
- treatment
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010862 gear shaping Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/14—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass gear parts, e.g. gear wheels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C15/00—Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C2240/00—Components
- F04C2240/20—Rotors
Abstract
The invention discloses a processing technology of an internal gear pump gear ring for improving hardness, which comprises the following steps: s1, forging: selecting raw materials, sawing and cutting according to the shape and size of a drawing, and forging into a gear ring; s2, rough turning: roughly processing the gear ring, and preliminarily forming a hole and an end face on the gear ring; s3, normalizing: normalizing the roughly processed gear ring for 2-3h in the environment of 900 plus 950 ℃; s4, hardening and tempering: after the normalizing treatment is finished, carrying out quenching and tempering treatment on the gear ring; s5, finish turning: and after the gear ring is cooled to room temperature, performing finish machining, drilling and tapping on the gear ring. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the gear ring processing technology, the overall hardness of the gear ring can be greatly improved, the abrasion of the gear ring caused by frequent meshing with the internal gear is greatly reduced, the overall service life of the gear ring is ensured, the normal use of the internal gear pump by a user is facilitated, and meanwhile, the cost input of frequently replacing the gear ring by the user can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gear pump gear ring machining, and particularly relates to a machining process for an internal gear pump gear ring for improving hardness.
Background
The internal gear pump adopts the principle of gear internal gearing, the pitch circle of the internal gear and the pitch circle of the external gear are close to one side, and the other side is separated by a crescent moon plate on the pump cover. The driving inner gear on the main shaft drives the outer gears to rotate in the same direction, the gears are mutually separated at the inlet to form negative pressure to suck liquid, and the gears are continuously embedded and meshed at the outlet to extrude and output the liquid.
Wherein, the ring gear when using, need frequent mesh with initiative internal gear mutually, consequently, need guarantee the bulk hardness of ring gear, but current ring gear processing technology is simple, and the hardness that leads to the ring gear to process out is relatively poor, and the ring gear is worn and torn by the internal gear easily promptly, and then has shortened the life of ring gear, not only influences the normal use of internal gear pump, still causes the frequent change ring gear of user's needs easily, increases user's cost maintenance.
Therefore, in order to solve the technical problems, a machining process for a ring gear of a crescent gear pump is needed for improving the hardness.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a process for machining a gear ring of an internal gear pump, which is used for improving the hardness, so as to solve the problem of poor machining hardness of the gear ring.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
A processing technology for an internal gear pump gear ring for improving hardness comprises the following steps:
s1, forging: selecting raw materials, sawing and cutting according to the shape and size of a drawing, and forging into a gear ring;
s2, rough turning: roughly machining the gear ring, and preliminarily forming a hole and an end face on the gear ring;
s3, normalizing: normalizing the roughly processed gear ring for 2-3h in the environment of 900 plus 950 ℃;
s4, tempering: after the normalizing treatment is finished, carrying out quenching and tempering treatment on the gear ring;
s5, finish turning: after the gear ring is cooled to room temperature, performing finish machining, drilling and tapping on the gear ring;
s6, gear shaping: after gear shaping of the gear ring, tempering and shaping for 2-3h at the temperature of 200-;
s7, nitriding: carrying out ion nitriding treatment on a gear ring of the gear shaping;
s8, deep cooling: carrying out subzero treatment for 24h on the nitrided gear ring;
s9, grinding: and grinding the gear ring after the cryogenic treatment to obtain a product gear ring.
Further, the raw material in S1 is nitrided steel.
Further, the thermal refining in S4 includes the following steps:
s401, cooling the normalized gear ring to 500-600 ℃, and preserving heat for 1-2 h;
s402, heating the gear ring to 800-;
s403, oil quenching, tempering and heat preservation.
Further, the tempering temperature in the step S403 is 500-700 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3h, so that the tempering effect of the gear ring is ensured.
Further, the finish turning process in S5 includes the steps of:
s501, fixing a gear ring;
s502, selecting a main drift angle lathe tool to perform outer circle rough turning on the outer circle of the gear ring, and then performing outer circle finish turning;
s503, selecting a turning tool with a front angle of 15-30 degrees for cutting;
and S504, grinding and polishing the cutting part.
Further, the angle of the main deflection angle lathe tool in the step S502 is 75-90 degrees, and deformation of the gear ring caused by cutting vibration is avoided.
Further, the ion nitriding temperature in the S7 is 550-650 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 30-50h, so that the nitriding effect of the gear ring is ensured.
Furthermore, the surface hardening speed of the gear ring during the ion nitriding treatment is 0.008-0.012mm/h, and the surface hardening time is 30-38 h.
Further, the cryogenic treatment in S8 adopts a liquid cryogenic method, and the hardness of the gear ring is HV921 after cryogenic treatment, so that the overall hardness of the gear ring is greatly improved, the service life of the gear ring is prolonged, and the wear of the gear ring is avoided.
Further, the cryogenic treatment in S8 includes the following steps:
s801, carrying out cryogenic pretreatment on the gear ring;
S802, immersing the gear ring into liquid nitrogen to ensure that the gear ring is submerged by the liquid nitrogen all the time in the cryogenic treatment process and is continuously cryogenically cooled for 24 hours;
and S803, after the deep cooling is finished, the gear ring is heated to the room temperature in the engine oil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention can greatly improve the integral hardness of the gear ring by the arrangement of the gear ring processing technology, greatly reduce the abrasion of the gear ring caused by frequent meshing with the internal gear, ensure the integral service life of the gear ring, facilitate the normal use of a user for the internal gear pump, and simultaneously reduce the cost input of the user for frequently replacing the gear ring.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a ring gear cryogenic 24h detection result in one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a detection result of a ring gear deep cooling for 8h in one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the detection result of the ring gear being subjected to deep cooling for 8 hours for 3 times in a circulating manner in one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating non-cryogenic detection results of a ring gear in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. The embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and structural, methodological or functional changes made by those skilled in the art according to the embodiments are included in the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The invention discloses a machining process for an internal gear pump gear ring for improving hardness, which comprises the following steps:
s1, forging: selecting nitrided steel, sawing and cutting according to the shape and size of a drawing, and forging into a gear ring;
s2, rough turning: roughly processing the gear ring, and preliminarily forming a hole and an end face on the gear ring;
s3, normalizing: normalizing the rough-machined gear ring for 2 hours at the temperature of 900 ℃;
s4, hardening and tempering: after the normalizing treatment is finished, cooling the gear ring to 500 ℃, preserving heat for 1h, heating the gear ring to 800 ℃, preserving heat for 1.5h, oil quenching, tempering and preserving heat, wherein the tempering temperature is 500 ℃, and the preserving heat time is 3 h;
s5, finish turning: after the gear ring is cooled to room temperature, fixing the gear ring, selecting a 75-degree main deflection angle turning tool to perform outer circle rough turning on the outer circle of the gear ring, then performing outer circle finish turning, selecting a turning tool with a front angle of 15 degrees to perform cutting, polishing the cutting part, drilling and tapping;
S6, gear shaping: after gear shaping of the gear ring, tempering and shaping for 2 hours at 200 ℃;
s7, nitriding: carrying out ion nitriding treatment on a gear ring of the gear shaping, wherein the ion nitriding temperature is 550 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 30 hours;
s8, deep cooling: carrying out cryogenic pretreatment on the nitrided gear ring, immersing the gear ring into liquid nitrogen to ensure that the gear ring is always submerged by the liquid nitrogen in the cryogenic treatment process, carrying out continuous cryogenic treatment for 24 hours, and raising the temperature of the gear ring to room temperature in engine oil after the cryogenic treatment is finished;
s9, grinding: and grinding the gear ring after the cryogenic treatment to obtain a product gear ring.
Example 2
The invention discloses a machining process for an internal gear pump gear ring for improving hardness, which comprises the following steps:
s1, forging: selecting nitrided steel, sawing and cutting according to the shape and size of a drawing, and forging into a gear ring;
s2, rough turning: roughly processing the gear ring, and preliminarily forming a hole and an end face on the gear ring;
s3, normalizing: normalizing the rough-machined gear ring for 2.5 hours at the temperature of 920 ℃;
s4, hardening and tempering: after the normalizing treatment is finished, cooling the gear ring to 550 ℃, preserving heat for 1.5h, heating the gear ring to 820 ℃, preserving heat for 2h, oil quenching, tempering and preserving heat, wherein the tempering temperature is 580 ℃, and the preserving heat time is 3 h;
S5, finish turning: after the gear ring is cooled to room temperature, fixing the gear ring, selecting a 80-degree main drift angle turning tool to perform outer circle rough turning on the outer circle of the gear ring, then performing outer circle finish turning, selecting a turning tool with a front angle of 20 degrees to perform cutting, polishing the cutting part, drilling and tapping;
s6, gear shaping: after gear shaping of the gear ring, tempering and shaping for 2.2 hours at 275 ℃;
s7, nitriding: carrying out ion nitriding treatment on a gear ring of the gear shaping, wherein the ion nitriding temperature is 568 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 34 h;
s8, deep cooling: carrying out cryogenic pretreatment on the nitrided gear ring, immersing the gear ring into liquid nitrogen to ensure that the gear ring is always submerged by the liquid nitrogen in the cryogenic treatment process, carrying out continuous cryogenic treatment for 8h, and raising the temperature of the gear ring to room temperature in engine oil after the cryogenic treatment is finished;
s9, grinding: and grinding the gear ring after the cryogenic treatment to obtain a product gear ring.
Example 3
The invention discloses a machining process for an internal gear pump gear ring for improving hardness, which comprises the following steps:
s1, forging: selecting nitrided steel, sawing and cutting according to the shape and size of a drawing, and forging into a gear ring;
s2, rough turning: roughly processing the gear ring, and preliminarily forming a hole and an end face on the gear ring;
s3, normalizing: normalizing the rough-machined gear ring for 3 hours at the temperature of 950 ℃;
S4, tempering: after the normalizing treatment is finished, cooling the gear ring to 593 ℃, preserving heat for 3 hours, heating the gear ring to 878 ℃, preserving heat for 2.6 hours, carrying out oil quenching and tempering, preserving heat, wherein the tempering temperature is 673 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3 hours;
s5, finish turning: after the gear ring is cooled to room temperature, fixing the gear ring, selecting a 90-degree main deflection angle lathe tool to perform outer circle rough turning on the outer circle of the gear ring, then performing outer circle finish turning, selecting a lathe tool with a front angle of 30 degrees to perform cutting, polishing the cutting part, drilling and tapping;
s6, gear shaping: after gear shaping of the gear ring, tempering and shaping for 3 hours at 300 ℃;
s7, nitriding: carrying out ion nitriding treatment on a gear ring of the gear shaping, wherein the ion nitriding temperature is 650 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 42 h;
s8, deep cooling: carrying out cryogenic pretreatment on the nitrided gear ring, immersing the gear ring into liquid nitrogen to ensure that the gear ring is always submerged by the liquid nitrogen in the cryogenic treatment process, keeping the cryogenic time for 8 hours each time, circularly immersing for 3 times, and raising the gear ring to the room temperature in engine oil after the cryogenic treatment is finished;
s9, grinding: and grinding the gear ring after the cryogenic treatment to obtain a product gear ring.
The finished gear rings obtained in the embodiments 1 to 3 are detected by a special-view microhardness tester, and the parameters of the special-view microhardness tester are adjusted as follows: the test force value was 1000g, the load holding time was 1s, the magnification was 40x, and the detection results of the ring gears in examples 1 to 3 were analyzed for the depth of hardened layer, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, with respect to the detection results of the ring gears in examples 1 to 3, where the hardness value of the hardened layer of the ring gear in example 1 was 550, the depth value of the hardened layer was 0.35mm, the hardness value of the hardened layer of the ring gear in example 2 was 550, the depth value of the hardened layer was 0.32mm, the hardness value of the hardened layer of the ring gear in example 3 was 550, and the depth value of the hardened layer was 0.35 mm.
Comparative example
The invention discloses a machining process for an internal gear pump gear ring for improving hardness, which comprises the following steps:
s1, forging: selecting nitrided steel, and forging the nitrided steel into a gear ring through saw cutting according to the shape and the size of a drawing;
s2, rough turning: roughly machining the gear ring, and preliminarily forming a hole and an end face on the gear ring;
s3, normalizing: normalizing the rough-machined gear ring for 3 hours at the temperature of 950 ℃;
s4, tempering: after the normalizing treatment is finished, cooling the gear ring to 600 ℃, preserving heat for 3h, heating the gear ring to 900 ℃, preserving heat for 3h, carrying out oil quenching and tempering heat preservation, wherein the tempering temperature is 700 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3 h;
s5, finish turning: after the gear ring is cooled to room temperature, fixing the gear ring, selecting a 90-degree main deflection angle lathe tool to perform outer circle rough turning on the outer circle of the gear ring, then performing outer circle finish turning, selecting a lathe tool with a front angle of 30 degrees to perform cutting, polishing the cutting part, drilling and tapping;
s6, gear shaping: after gear shaping of the gear ring, tempering and shaping for 3 hours at 300 ℃;
s7, nitriding: carrying out ion nitriding treatment on a gear ring of the gear shaping, wherein the ion nitriding temperature is 650 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 50 h;
s8, grinding: and grinding the gear ring after the cryogenic treatment to obtain a product gear ring.
And detecting the finished gear ring obtained by the comparative example by using a special-vision microhardness meter, and adjusting the parameters of the special-vision microhardness meter as follows: the test force value was 1000g, the dwell time was 1s, and the magnification was 40x, and the results of the test of the ring gear in the comparative example are shown with reference to fig. 4, that is, the hardness of the ring gear in the comparative example was significantly lower than those of the ring gears in examples 1 to 3.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the specification has been described in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment includes every single embodiment, and such description is for clarity purposes only, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the specification as a whole can be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments as will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A machining process for an internal gear pump gear ring for improving hardness is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, forging: selecting raw materials, sawing and cutting according to the shape and size of a drawing, and forging into a gear ring;
s2, rough turning: roughly machining the gear ring, and preliminarily forming a hole and an end face on the gear ring;
s3, normalizing: normalizing the roughly processed gear ring for 2-3h in the environment of 900-950 ℃;
s4, tempering: after the normalizing treatment is finished, quenching and tempering the gear ring;
s5, finish turning: after the gear ring is cooled to room temperature, performing finish machining, drilling and tapping on the gear ring;
s6, gear shaping: after gear shaping of the gear ring, tempering and shaping for 2-3h at the temperature of 200-;
s7, nitriding: carrying out ion nitriding treatment on a gear ring of the gear shaping;
s8, deep cooling: carrying out subzero treatment for 24h on the nitrided gear ring;
s9, grinding: and grinding the gear ring after the cryogenic treatment to obtain a product gear ring.
2. A process for machining a ring gear of an internal gear pump for improving hardness according to claim 1, wherein the raw material in S1 is nitrided steel.
3. A process for machining a ring gear of an internal gear pump according to claim 1, wherein the quenching and tempering at S4 comprises the following steps:
S401, cooling the normalized gear ring to 500-600 ℃, and preserving heat for 1-2 h;
s402, heating the gear ring to 800-900 ℃, and preserving heat for 1-3 h;
s403, oil quenching, tempering and heat preservation.
4. A processing technology of an internal gear pump gear ring for improving the hardness as claimed in claim 3, wherein the tempering temperature in the S403 is 500-700 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3 h.
5. A process for manufacturing a ring gear of an internal gear pump for improving hardness according to claim 1, wherein the finish turning treatment in S5 comprises the steps of:
s501, fixing a gear ring;
s502, selecting a main drift angle lathe tool to perform outer circle rough turning on the outer circle of the gear ring, and then performing outer circle finish turning;
s503, selecting a turning tool with a front angle of 15-30 degrees for cutting;
and S504, grinding and polishing the cutting part.
6. A process for machining a ring gear of an internal gear pump for improving hardness according to claim 5, wherein in the step S502, the angle of the main deflection angle turning tool is 75-90 °.
7. A process for machining a ring gear of an internal gear pump for improving the hardness as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ion nitriding temperature in S7 is 550-650 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 30-50 h.
8. A process for machining a ring gear of an internal gear pump used for improving the hardness as claimed in claim 7, wherein the surface hardening speed of the ring gear during the ion nitriding treatment is 0.008-0.012mm/h, and the surface hardening time is 30-38 h.
9. A process for machining a ring gear of an internal gear pump used for improving the hardness as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cryogenic treatment in S8 adopts a liquid cryogenic method, and the hardness of the ring gear after the cryogenic treatment is HV 921.
10. A ring gear processing process of an internal gear pump for improving hardness according to claim 9, wherein the cryogenic treatment in S8 includes the steps of:
s801, carrying out cryogenic pretreatment on the gear ring;
s802, immersing the gear ring into liquid nitrogen to ensure that the gear ring is submerged by the liquid nitrogen all the time in the cryogenic treatment process and is continuously cryogenically cooled for 24 hours;
and S803, after the deep cooling is finished, the gear ring is heated to the room temperature in the engine oil.
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Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103753156A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-04-30 | 宁波华液机器制造有限公司 | Machining method for annular gear in internal gear pump |
CN108127128A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-06-08 | 江阴市永兴机械制造有限公司 | A kind of thin-walled gear ring periphery smart car method |
-
2022
- 2022-05-09 CN CN202210499419.0A patent/CN114749880A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103753156A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-04-30 | 宁波华液机器制造有限公司 | Machining method for annular gear in internal gear pump |
CN108127128A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-06-08 | 江阴市永兴机械制造有限公司 | A kind of thin-walled gear ring periphery smart car method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
杨杰: "深冷处理对金属材料的影响及机理分析", 《自动化应用》 * |
赵玉良: "高性能齿轮关键制造技术现状及发展建议", 《重型机械》 * |
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