CN114749827A - Solid welding wire and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Solid welding wire and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114749827A
CN114749827A CN202210432620.7A CN202210432620A CN114749827A CN 114749827 A CN114749827 A CN 114749827A CN 202210432620 A CN202210432620 A CN 202210432620A CN 114749827 A CN114749827 A CN 114749827A
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welding wire
less
welding
equal
percent
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CN114749827B (en
Inventor
刘日平
王青峰
张新宇
耿路路
杨证
金强
杨啸雨
王锁涛
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Yanshan University
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Yanshan University
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3026—Mn as the principal constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/302—Cu as the principal constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3033—Ni as the principal constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
    • B23K35/308—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode

Abstract

The invention provides a solid welding wire and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of welding materials. The solid welding wire comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 23.5-25%, C: 0.45-0.55%, Si: 1.55-1.80%, Cr: 2.55-3.85%, Ni: 1.50-3.50%, Mo: 0.1-0.8%, Cu: 0.50-1.00%, Ca: 0.01-0.05%, P is less than or equal to 0.005%, S is less than or equal to 0.003%, and the balance is Fe. The solid welding wire provided by the invention is used for consumable electrode gas shielded welding of austenitic light steel, and can avoid the formation of Al on welding seams2O3And (4) mixing to obtain a welded joint with excellent mechanical properties.

Description

Solid welding wire and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding materials, in particular to a solid welding wire and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
As one of the most important structural materials, steel materials play a very important role in rapidly developing national economy. In order to meet the special requirements of the state on high-end field materials, a new generation of steel materials is developing towards the directions of low density, high strength and toughness, energy conservation, emission reduction, high safety and the like. In order to meet the connection technology required by the application of a new generation of steel materials, particularly for Fe-Mn-Al-C series alloy steel which is formed by adding a light-weight element Al (generally more than 5 percent) to reduce the material density and adding a proper amount of austenite stabilizing elements such as Mn, C and the like to form the austenite light steel and have a plurality of high performances such as light weight, high plasticity and toughness and the like, the selection of welding materials and a matched welding method thereof form indispensable links, gas shielded welding is a common welding method, but at present, a solid welding wire for consumable electrode gas shielded welding which is suitable for welding the austenite light steel is not available.
The Chinese patent CN 111805120A discloses a 'melting electrode solid welding wire for welding of ultralow-temperature austenite high manganese steel', which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: mn: 22-26%, C: 0.40-0.55%, Si: 0.30-0.70%, Cr: 2.5 to 5.0%, Ni: 1.5 to 4.0%, 1.0 to 3.0% of Mo, Cu: 0.20-0.90%, V: 0.03-0.20%, P is less than or equal to 0.020%, S is less than or equal to 0.010%, and the balance is Fe and inevitable impurities, although deposited metal formed by the welding wire has high toughness at ultralow temperature and strength matched with low-temperature austenite high manganese steel, when the welding wire is used for welding austenite light steel, Al element in a matrix is transited to a welding seam to form Al2O3The inclusion causes serious reduction of the mechanical property of the welding seam.
Disclosure of Invention
The solid welding wire is used for consumable electrode gas shielded welding of austenitic light steel, and can avoid weld joint formation of Al2O3Inclusion is carried out, and a welding head with excellent mechanical property is obtained.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a solid welding wire which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 23.5-25%, C: 0.45-0.55%, Si: 1.55-1.80%, Cr: 2.55-3.85%, Ni: 1.50-3.50%, Mo: 0.1-0.8%, Cu: 0.50-1.00%, Ca: 0.01-0.05%, P is less than or equal to 0.005%, S is less than or equal to 0.003%, and the balance is Fe.
Preferably, the ratio of Mn: 23.8-24.5%, C: 0.48 to 0.55%, Si: 1.58-1.75%, Cr: 2.7-3.4%, Ni: 2.0-3.0%, Mo: 0.3-0.5%, Cu: 0.50-0.8%, Ca: 0.02-0.05%, P is less than or equal to 0.005%, S is less than or equal to 0.001%, and the balance is Fe.
Preferably, the compound comprises C: 0.48%, Mn: 24%, Si: 1.62%, Ni: 2%, Cr: 3%, Cu: 0.5%, Mo: 0.5%, Ca: 0.02 percent, less than or equal to 0.002 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.001 percent of S and the balance of Fe.
Preferably, the compound comprises C: 0.55%, Mn: 23.8%, Si: 1.75%, Ni: 2.3%, Cr: 2.7%, Mo: 0.5%, Cu: 0.7%, Ca: 0.03 percent, less than or equal to 0.005 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.001 percent of S and the balance of Fe.
Preferably, the compound comprises C: 0.52%, Mn: 24.5%, Si: 1.58%, Ni: 3.0%, Cr: 3.4%, Mo: 0.3%, Cu: 0.8%, Ca: 0.05 percent, less than or equal to 0.005 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.001 percent of S and the balance of Fe.
The invention provides a preparation method of the solid welding wire in the scheme, which comprises the following steps:
burdening corresponding to the composition of the solid welding wire, and smelting and casting the raw materials to obtain a cast ingot;
forging the cast ingot to obtain a welding wire raw material;
carrying out hot rolling on the welding wire raw material to obtain a wire rod;
Annealing and drawing the wire rod to obtain an intermediate welding wire;
and carrying out copper plating on the intermediate welding wire to obtain the solid welding wire.
The invention provides application of the solid welding wire in the scheme or the solid welding wire prepared by the preparation method in the scheme in consumable electrode gas shielded welding of austenitic light steel.
Preferably, the chemical composition of the austenitic light steel comprises, in weight percent: 0.6-1.0% of C, 22-25% of Mn, 5-8% of Al and the balance of Fe; the mechanical properties of the austenitic light steel meet the following requirements: yield strength Rp0.2440 to 500MPa, tensile strength Rm700-850 MPa, elongation A not less than 40%, and-40 ℃ impact energy KV2Not less than 120J; the structure of the austenitic light steel is fully austenitic.
Preferably, the conditions of the gas metal arc welding include: no preheating before welding, the temperature of the welding seam between layers is less than or equal to 100 ℃, and the protective gas is 80% Ar + 20% CO in volume fraction2The welding current is 200-220A, the welding voltage is 24-26V, the welding speed is 35-40 cm/min, the gas flow is 15-20L/min, and the heat input is 8-10 kJ/cm.
Preferably, the yield strength R of the deposited metal formed after weldingeLGreater than or equal to 470MPa, tensile strength R mNot less than 750MPa, elongation A535% -45% of the total weight of the alloy, and KV at the temperature of minus 40 DEG C2The impact power is 80-110J.
The invention provides a solid welding wire which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 23.5-25%, C: 0.45-0.55%, Si: 1.55-1.80%, Cr: 2.55-3.85%, Ni: 1.50-3.50%, Mo: 0.1-0.8%, Cu: 0.50-1.00%, Ca: 0.01-0.05%, P is less than or equal to 0.005%, S is less than or equal to 0.003%, and the balance is Fe.
The content of the main alloy element Mn adopted by the invention is 23.5-25%, which is equivalent to the manganese content of the base metal, so that a component system equivalent to a base material matrix is ensured, and when a welding joint is formed, the change of the structure and the performance near a fusion line formed by the large diffusion of the manganese element is avoided because of no strong manganese element concentration gradient. Mn, C, Ni and Cu in the invention are austenite forming elements, and when the weld metal molten pool is solidified, the Mn, C, Ni and Cu are acted together to form weld metal with an austenite structure. The invention adopts Si, Ca and Mn for combined deoxidation, and can effectively avoid the oxidation of transitional Al element in the base metal to Al2O3Inclusion results in serious performance reduction of welding line, and the addition of Ca also has the effect of removing sulfur and phosphorusHas good effect. The invention has proper content of Si element, and ensures that deposited metal has good fluidity and attractive weld joint formation.
The welding wire is convenient for realizing industrialized flow production.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a solid welding wire which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 23.5-25%, C: 0.45-0.55%, Si: 1.55-1.80%, Cr: 2.55-3.85%, Ni: 1.50-3.50%, Mo: 0.1-0.8%, Cu: 0.50-1.00%, Ca: 0.01-0.05%, P is less than or equal to 0.005%, S is less than or equal to 0.003%, and the balance is Fe.
The solid welding wire comprises, by mass, 23.5-25% of Mn, and preferably 23.8-24.5%. In the examples of the present invention, the content of Mn is specifically 23.8%, 24%, or 24.5%. In the invention, Mn is an austenite stabilizing element, can expand an austenite phase region and play a role in solid solution strengthening, and in the welding process, the burnt part of Mn has the same Mn content as that of the parent metal, thereby ensuring the component system basically same as that of the parent metal. However, as the content of manganese increases, the grain size of the formed weld becomes coarse, the thermal conductivity is rapidly reduced, and the coefficient of linear expansion increases, so that large internal stress is formed during heating or cooling, the cracking tendency is remarkably increased, the hot workability is deteriorated, and the increase of the internal stress is difficult. Therefore, the Mn content of the welding wire is limited to 23.5-25%.
The solid welding wire comprises, by mass, 0.45-0.55% of C, preferably 0.48-0.55%. In the embodiment of the invention, the content of the element C is specifically 0.48%, 0.52% or 0.55%. In the invention, C is a very remarkable austenite stabilizing and solid solution strengthening element, and the content of C is increased, thereby enlarging an austenite phase region and improving the strength. However, too much C forms a brittle phase with Mn, which is detrimental to weld ductility and toughness. Therefore, the C content of the welding wire is limited to 0.45-0.55%.
The solid welding wire comprises, by mass, 1.55-1.80% of Si, preferably 1.58-1.75%. In embodiments of the invention, this is specifically 1.62%, 1.75% or 1.58%. In the invention, Si is an effective deoxidizing element and a solid solution strengthening element, the content of Si is increased, oxide inclusions in a welding line can be reduced, and the strength is improved. However, too much Si lowers the solubility of carbon in austenite, increases the number of carbides, and lowers the impact toughness accordingly. Because the gas-shielded welding wire is used for welding high-alloying manganese austenite steel, the low Si content can not ensure that deposited metal has good fluidity and attractive weld formation. Therefore, the Si content is limited to 1.55-1.85%.
The solid welding wire comprises, by mass, 2.55-3.85% of Cr, and preferably 2.7-3.4%. In embodiments of the invention, the content of Cr is 3%, 2.7% or 3.4%. In the invention, Cr can improve the solid solution strengthening effect, ensure good elongation, and increase the Cr content can improve the corrosion resistance and the ductility and toughness. However, excessive Cr tends to increase the amount of network carbide precipitated along the crystal, and conversely, decreases the impact toughness and ductility. Therefore, the Cr content is limited to 2.55-3.85%.
The solid welding wire comprises 1.50-3.50% of Ni, preferably 2.0-3.0% of Ni. In the examples of the present invention, the content of Ni is specifically 2%, 2.3%, or 3.0%. In the invention, the addition of Ni can improve the strength of the welding seam, the Ni is favorable for the welding performance from the perspective of matrix structure, and the addition of Ni element can obtain the obdurability matched with the Mn content when high manganese steel is welded, and simultaneously the aesthetic property of the welding seam forming is maintained. However, when the nickel content is high, low-melting compounds may be formed with impurities (e.g., sulfur) in the weld bead, resulting in a significant increase in thermal cracking susceptibility. Therefore, the welding wire limits the Ni content to 1.5-3.5%.
The solid welding wire comprises, by mass, 0.1-0.8% of Mo, preferably 0.3-0.5%. In the examples of the present invention, the content of Mo is specifically 0.5% or 0.3%. In the present invention, Mo can be dissolved in austenite to strengthen the matrix, and at the same time, the high-temperature strength and hardenability are improved, and coarsening of austenite-forming crystal grains can be prevented to stabilize the ductility and toughness. However, when the Mo content in the weld exceeds 0.6%, the low-temperature impact toughness is markedly lowered. Therefore, the content of Mo in the welding wire is limited to 0.1-0.8%.
The solid welding wire comprises, by mass, 0.50-1.00% of Cu, and preferably 0.50-0.8%. In the examples of the present invention, the content of Cu is specifically 0.5%, 0.7%, or 0.8%. In the invention, Cu can be used as an austenite stabilizing element, and simultaneously, because the gas-shielded welding wire is used for welding high-alloyed manganese austenite steel, the transition of a large amount of Al element in a parent metal can reduce austenite interval and promote the formation of brittle phase so as to reduce ductility and toughness, and the Cu has stronger oxidability than the Al so as to protect the Al element in the parent metal which is formed by the transition of the Al element in a welding line2O3And (4) inclusion. Therefore, the Cu content of the welding wire is limited to 0.5-1.0%.
The solid welding wire comprises 0.01-0.05% of Ca by mass percentage, and preferably 0.02-0.05%. In embodiments of the invention, specifically 0.02%, 0.03% or 0.05%. Because the welding wire is used for welding high-alloying manganese austenitic steel, the transition of a large amount of Al element in the parent metal can reduce the austenite interval and promote the formation of brittle phase so as to reduce the ductility and toughness, and the Al element formed by the transition of the aluminum element in the parent metal to a welding line is protected by the fact that calcium has stronger oxidability than aluminum2O3And (4) inclusion. However, too high calcium may combine with aluminum to form Al2Ca、Al4Ca is included. Therefore, the content of Ca in the welding wire is limited to 0.01-0.05%.
The solid welding wire comprises, by mass, not more than 0.005% of P and not more than 0.003% of S.
The solid welding wire provided by the invention further comprises the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements.
The invention provides a preparation method of the solid welding wire in the scheme, which comprises the following steps:
burdening corresponding to the composition of the solid welding wire, and smelting and casting the raw materials to obtain a cast ingot;
forging the cast ingot to obtain a welding wire raw material;
carrying out hot rolling on the welding wire raw material to obtain a wire rod;
Annealing and drawing the wire rod to obtain an intermediate welding wire;
and plating copper on the intermediate welding wire to obtain the solid welding wire.
The invention mixes materials corresponding to the composition of the solid welding wire, and smelts and casts the raw materials to obtain the cast ingot. The invention has no special requirements on the smelting process, and the smelting process well known in the field can be adopted. In the invention, the casting temperature is preferably 1500-1600 ℃, demoulding is carried out 30min after casting, and the ingot is obtained after air cooling to room temperature.
After obtaining the ingot, forging the ingot to obtain the raw material of the welding wire. Before forging, the ingot is preferably heated to 1180 +/-20 ℃ and is kept for more than 2 hours, so that the homogenization of the structural components of the ingot is ensured. In the present invention, the open forging temperature is preferably 1100. + -. 30 ℃ and the finish forging temperature is preferably not less than 950 ℃. The invention has no special requirements on the size of the raw material of the welding wire and can be determined according to actual requirements. In an embodiment of the invention, the wire stock is specifically forged to a size of 50 x 1500mm to match the parameters set by the following rolling mill.
After the welding wire raw material is obtained, the welding wire raw material is subjected to hot rolling to obtain a wire rod.
In the invention, the heating temperature of hot rolling is preferably 1200 +/-20 ℃, the heat preservation time is preferably 1h, the outlet temperature of a high-speed wire rolling is preferably 1050 +/-30 ℃, the spinning temperature is preferably more than or equal to 970 ℃, and the water cooling is carried out on a rolled wire rod, wherein the water inlet temperature is preferably more than or equal to 950 ℃. In the present invention, the diameter of the wire rod is preferably 7.5 mm.
After the wire rod is obtained, the wire rod is annealed and drawn to obtain an intermediate welding wire.
The invention has no special requirements on the annealing and drawing process, and the annealing and drawing process known in the field can be adopted. In the present invention, the diameter of the intermediate wire is preferably 1.2 mm.
After the intermediate welding wire is obtained, the intermediate welding wire is preferably subjected to copper plating to obtain the solid welding wire. The present invention has no special requirements for the copper plating process, and the copper plating process well known in the art can be adopted. The main component of the welding wire is steel, the welding wire is easy to rust and corrode in the atmosphere when exposed, and the quality guarantee period can be effectively prolonged by plating a layer of copper on the surface; and simultaneously, the conductivity can be enhanced. In the present invention, the diameter of the solid wire is preferably 1.2 mm.
The invention provides application of the solid welding wire in the scheme or the solid welding wire prepared by the preparation method in the scheme in consumable electrode gas shielded welding of austenitic light steel.
In the present invention, the chemical composition of the austenitic light steel preferably includes, in weight percent: 0.6-1.0% of C, 22-25% of Mn, 5-8% of Al and the balance of Fe; the mechanical properties of the austenitic light steel meet the following requirements: yield strength Rp0.2440 to 500MPa, tensile strength Rm700-850 MPa, elongation A not less than 40%, and-40 ℃ impact energy KV2Not less than 120J; the structure of the austenitic light steel is fully austenitic.
In the present invention, the conditions of the gas metal arc welding preferably include: no preheating before welding, the temperature of the welding seam between layers is less than or equal to 100 ℃, and the protective gas is 80% Ar + 20% CO in volume fraction2The welding current is 200-220A, the welding voltage is 24-26V, the welding speed is 35-40 cm/min, the gas flow is 15-20L/min, and the heat input is 8-10 kJ/cm.
In the invention, the deposited metal formed after welding has good mechanical property, namely yield strength ReLGreater than or equal to 470MPa, tensile strength RmNot less than 750MPa, elongation A535 to 45 percent and 40 ℃ below zero KV2The impact work is 80-110J.
The solid welding wire and the preparation method and application thereof provided by the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
1) Smelting and casting: smelting in a vacuum induction furnace, proportioning and charging according to the components in the table 1, casting molten steel into a round ingot, demoulding after casting for 30min at the molten steel casting temperature of 1520 ℃, and air-cooling to room temperature to obtain the ingot.
2) Forging: forging the cast ingot obtained in the step 1), heating to 1180 ℃, preserving heat for more than 2h to ensure that the component tissues of the cast ingot are homogenized, wherein the starting forging temperature is 1100 ℃, the final forging temperature is 940 ℃, and forging into a welding wire raw material with the size of 50 x 1550 mm.
3) Hot rolling: hot rolling the welding wire raw material obtained in the step 2) into a wire rod with the diameter of 7.5mm, wherein the hot rolling process parameters are as follows: heating at 1200 deg.C, maintaining for 1h, rolling at 1050 deg.C, spinning at 975 deg.C, cooling with water at 955 deg.C to obtain 7.5mm diameter wire rod.
4) Annealing and drawing: annealing and drawing the wire rod obtained in the step 3) to prepare an intermediate welding wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm.
5) Copper plating: and (3) plating copper on the surface of the welding wire with the diameter of 1.2mm obtained in the step 4), and finally obtaining the finished product gas-shielded welding wire with the diameter of 1.2mm by respectively passing the welding wire through an alkali washing and scrubbing tank, an acid washing and rinsing tank, a copper plating tank, a water washing and neutralizing tank and a hot water washing tank.
Example 2
1) Smelting and casting: smelting in a vacuum induction furnace, proportioning and charging according to the components in the table 1, casting molten steel into round ingots, wherein the casting temperature of the molten steel is 1550 ℃, demoulding after casting for 30min, and air cooling to room temperature to obtain the ingots.
2) Forging: forging the ingot obtained in the step 1), heating to 1180 ℃, preserving heat for more than 2 hours, ensuring the homogenization of the component structure of the ingot, wherein the starting forging temperature is 1100 ℃, the final forging temperature is 945 ℃, and the ingot is forged into a welding wire raw material with the size of 50 x 1550 mm.
3) Hot rolling: hot rolling the welding wire raw material obtained in the step 2) into a wire rod with the diameter of 7.5mm, wherein the hot rolling process parameters are as follows: heating at 1200 deg.C, maintaining for 1h, rolling at 1050 deg.C, spinning at 975 deg.C, cooling with water at 940 deg.C to obtain 7.5mm diameter wire rod.
4) Annealing and drawing: annealing and drawing the wire rod obtained in the step 3) to prepare an intermediate welding wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm.
5) Copper plating: and (3) plating copper on the surface of the welding wire with the diameter of 1.2mm obtained in the step 4), and finally obtaining the finished product gas-shielded welding wire with the diameter of 1.2mm by respectively passing the welding wire through an alkali washing and scrubbing tank, an acid washing and rinsing tank, a copper plating tank, a water washing and neutralizing tank and a hot water washing tank.
Example 3
1) Smelting and casting: smelting in a vacuum induction furnace, proportioning and charging according to the components in the table 1, casting molten steel into a circular ingot, demoulding after casting for 30min at the molten steel casting temperature of 1500 ℃, and air-cooling to room temperature to obtain the ingot.
2) Forging: forging the cast ingot obtained in the step 1), heating to 1180 ℃, preserving heat for more than 2h to ensure homogenization of component tissues of the cast ingot, wherein the starting forging temperature is 1080 ℃, the final forging temperature is 940 ℃, and forging into a welding wire raw material with the size of 50 x 1550 mm.
3) Hot rolling: hot rolling the welding wire raw material obtained in the step 2) into a wire rod with the diameter of 7.5mm, wherein the hot rolling process parameters are as follows: heating at 1200 deg.C, maintaining for 1h, rolling at 1050 deg.C, spinning at 980 deg.C, cooling with water to obtain 7.5mm diameter wire rod.
4) Annealing and drawing: annealing and drawing the wire rod obtained in the step 3) to prepare an intermediate welding wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm.
5) Copper plating: and (3) plating copper on the surface of the welding wire with the diameter of 1.2mm obtained in the step 4), and finally obtaining the finished product gas-shielded welding wire with the diameter of 1.2mm by respectively passing the welding wire through an alkali washing and scrubbing tank, an acid washing and rinsing tank, a copper plating tank, a water washing and neutralizing tank and a hot water washing tank.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is only in the composition of the welding wire, which is detailed in Table 1.
The welding wires of the embodiments 1-3 and the comparative example 1 are used for welding the novel austenite light steel with the thickness of 20mm by adopting a semi-automatic argon tungsten-arc welding method, and the austenite light steel comprises the following components: 0.75% of C, 25.5% of Mn and 7.3% of Al, and the mechanical properties are as follows: rp0.2At 475MPa, Rm815MPa, A43%, KV at-40 deg.C2Is 123J.
Of said austenitic light steelThe groove type of the test plate is Y-shaped, the angle of a single-side groove is 30 degrees, the truncated edge is 2mm, preheating is not carried out before welding, the temperature of an interlayer welding line is less than or equal to 100 ℃, and the protective gas is 80% Ar + 20% CO2The welding current is 200-220A, the welding voltage is 24-26V, the welding speed is 35-40 cm/min, the gas flow is 15-20L/min, and the heat input is 8-10 kJ/cm.
The welded weld metal microstructure and mechanical properties were examined, and the results showed that the weld structures of examples 1-3 and comparative example 1 were all austenite, no thermal cracking occurred, and the mechanical properties are shown in table 2.
TABLE 1 composition of welding wire for examples and comparative examples (% by mass)
Composition (I) Mn C Ni Si Cr Cu Mo Ca P S
Example 1 24 0.48 2 1.62 3 0.5 0.5 0.02 ≤0.002 ≤0.001
Example 2 23.8 0.55 2.3 1.75 2.7 0.7 0.5 0.03 ≤0.005 ≤0.001
Example 3 24.5 0.52 3.0 1.58 3.4 0.8 0.3 0.05 ≤0.005 ≤0.001
Comparative example 1 24 0.50 3.0 0.45 3.0 0.8 0.5 0.004 ≤0.005 ≤0.001
TABLE 2 mechanical Properties of the examples and comparative examples
Numbering Yield strength/MPa Tensile strength/MPa Elongation rate/%) -40℃KV2/J
Example 1 478 765 42 107
Example 2 483 792 35 95
Example 3 465 802 35 105
Comparative example 1 412 704 28 55
From the results of Table 2, it is understood that comparative example 1, which is not within the scope of the present invention due to its low silicon content, is inferior in fluidity and deoxidation effect of the deposited metal at the time of welding, resulting in poor weld formation and the presence of a large amount of Al2O3Inclusion seriously reduces the strength and plastic toughness of the welding joint.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A solid welding wire characterized by comprising, in mass percent, Mn: 23.5-25%, C: 0.45-0.55%, Si: 1.55-1.80%, Cr: 2.55-3.85%, Ni: 1.50-3.50%, Mo: 0.1-0.8%, Cu: 0.50-1.00%, Ca: 0.01-0.05%, P is less than or equal to 0.005%, S is less than or equal to 0.003%, and the balance is Fe.
2. The solid welding wire of claim 1, comprising Mn: 23.8-24.5%, C: 0.48-0.55%, Si: 1.58-1.75%, Cr: 2.7-3.4%, Ni: 2.0-3.0%, Mo: 0.3-0.5%, Cu: 0.50-0.8%, Ca: 0.02-0.05%, P is less than or equal to 0.005%, S is less than or equal to 0.001%, and the balance is Fe.
3. The solid welding wire of claim 1, comprising C: 0.48%, Mn: 24%, Si: 1.62%, Ni: 2%, Cr: 3%, Cu: 0.5%, Mo: 0.5%, Ca: 0.02 percent, less than or equal to 0.002 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.001 percent of S and the balance of Fe.
4. The solid welding wire of claim 1, comprising C: 0.55%, Mn: 23.8%, Si: 1.75%, Ni: 2.3%, Cr: 2.7%, Mo: 0.5%, Cu: 0.7%, Ca: 0.03 percent, less than or equal to 0.005 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.001 percent of S and the balance of Fe.
5. The solid welding wire of claim 1, comprising C: 0.52%, Mn: 24.5%, Si: 1.58%, Ni: 3.0%, Cr: 3.4%, Mo: 0.3%, Cu: 0.8%, Ca: 0.05 percent, less than or equal to 0.005 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.001 percent of S and the balance of Fe.
6. A method for preparing a solid welding wire as defined in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
burdening corresponding to the composition of the solid welding wire, and smelting and casting the raw materials to obtain a cast ingot;
forging the cast ingot to obtain a welding wire raw material;
carrying out hot rolling on the welding wire raw material to obtain a wire rod;
annealing and drawing the wire rod to obtain an intermediate welding wire;
and plating copper on the intermediate welding wire to obtain the solid welding wire.
7. The solid welding wire of any one of claims 1 to 5 or the solid welding wire prepared by the preparation method of claim 6 is applied to consumable electrode gas shielded welding of austenitic light steel.
8. Use according to claim 7, characterized in that the chemical composition of the austenitic light steel comprises, in percentages by weight: 0.6-1.0% of C, 22-25% of Mn, 5-8% of Al and the balance of Fe; the mechanical properties of the austenitic light steel meet the following requirements: yield strength Rp0.2440 to 500MPa, tensile strength Rm700-850 MPa, elongation A not less than 40%, and-40 ℃ impact energy KV2Not less than 120J; the structure of the austenitic light steel is fully austenitic.
9. Use according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the conditions of the gas metal arc welding include: no preheating before welding, the temperature of the welding seam between layers is less than or equal to 100 ℃, and the protective gas is 80% Ar + 20% CO in volume fraction2The welding current is 200-220A, the welding voltage is 24-26V, the welding speed is 35-40 cm/min, the gas flow is 15-20L/min, and the heat input is 8-10 kJ/cm.
10. Use according to claim 9, characterised in that the yield strength R of the deposited metal formed after welding eLGreater than or equal to 470MPa, tensile strength RmNot less than 750MPa, elongation A535% -45% of the total weight of the alloy, and KV at the temperature of minus 40 DEG C2The impact work is 80-110J.
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