CN114744697A - Battery protection method, battery protection device and vehicle - Google Patents
Battery protection method, battery protection device and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN114744697A CN114744697A CN202210273282.7A CN202210273282A CN114744697A CN 114744697 A CN114744697 A CN 114744697A CN 202210273282 A CN202210273282 A CN 202210273282A CN 114744697 A CN114744697 A CN 114744697A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/00714—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a battery protection method, a battery protection device and a vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of vehicles. The method comprises the steps of obtaining actual charging current of a battery and allowable charging current of the battery; determining whether the battery is in a suspected fault state or not based on the actual charging current of the battery, the allowable charging current of the battery, a suspected fault current threshold and a suspected fault time threshold; when the battery is in a suspected fault state, determining a first adjusting parameter based on the suspected fault current threshold; and charging the battery based on the first adjusting parameter. Therefore, the potential faults of the battery can be pre-judged and timely adjusted, so that the safety of the battery can be better protected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a battery protection method, a battery protection device and a vehicle.
Background
With the pursuit of low-carbon life of people, more and more new energy vehicles enter the life of people. The new energy vehicle is manufactured by taking unconventional vehicle fuel as a power source and integrating advanced technologies in the aspects of power control and driving of the vehicle, and generally adopts a pure battery power supply mode or a hybrid power mode of an internal combustion engine and a battery. Since the battery is an important power source of new energy vehicles, the protection of the battery is particularly important, especially for avoiding the damage of the battery caused by the overcharge of the battery.
In the related art, a current overcharge threshold is generally set for a battery of a new energy vehicle, and when an actual charging current exceeds the current overcharge threshold, a battery management system issues an overcharge fault alarm, so that charging of the battery is stopped.
However, the above method protects the battery after the battery has been overcharged, so as to prevent the battery from being further damaged, but cannot prevent the overcharge of the battery in advance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present application provide a battery protection method, a battery protection apparatus, and a vehicle, which can pre-determine a potential fault of a battery and adjust the potential fault in time, so as to better protect the safety of the battery.
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery protection method, where the method includes:
acquiring actual charging current of a battery and allowable charging current of the battery;
determining whether the battery is in a suspected fault state or not based on the actual charging current of the battery, the allowable charging current of the battery, a suspected fault current threshold and a suspected fault time threshold;
when the battery is in a suspected fault state, determining a first adjusting parameter based on the suspected fault current threshold;
and charging the battery based on the first adjusting parameter.
Optionally, the determining whether the battery is in the suspected fault state based on the actual charging current of the battery, the allowable charging current of the battery, the suspected fault current threshold and the suspected fault time threshold includes:
when the difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery is larger than a first suspected fault current threshold value, the battery is determined to be in a first suspected fault state.
Optionally, the determining whether the battery is in the suspected fault state based on the actual charging current of the battery, the allowable charging current of the battery, the suspected fault current threshold and the suspected fault time threshold includes:
when the difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery is larger than a second suspected fault current threshold value and the duration time is larger than the suspected fault time threshold value, determining that the battery is in a second suspected fault state;
wherein the second suspected fault current threshold is less than the first suspected fault current threshold.
Optionally, when the battery is in a suspected fault state, determining the first adjustment parameter based on the suspected fault current threshold includes:
when the first adjustment parameter is a first adjustment power, then the first adjustment power is determined based on a first formula:
P1＝P0-A×△I×U0
wherein A is a coefficient and is greater than 0, P1For the first adjustment of power, P0For the present recovered power of the battery,. DELTA.I is the suspected fault current threshold, U0The voltage corresponding to the current state of charge of the battery.
Optionally, when the battery is in a suspected fault state, determining the first adjustment parameter based on the suspected fault current threshold includes:
when the first adjustment parameter is a first adjustment current, then the first adjustment current is determined based on a second formula:
I1＝I0-B×△I
wherein B is a coefficient and is greater than 0, I1For the first adjustment current, I0For the current requested charging current for the battery,. DELTA.I is the suspected fault current threshold.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
determining the recovery times of the battery;
when the recovery times are equal to the target times, determining a second adjusting parameter based on the first adjusting parameter and the target recovery parameter;
and charging the battery based on the second adjusting parameter.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
determining a number of charges of the battery;
when the charging times are equal to the target times, determining a third adjusting parameter based on the first adjusting parameter and the target recovery parameter;
and charging the battery based on the third adjusting parameter.
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery protection device, where the device includes:
the information acquisition module is used for acquiring the actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery;
the pre-diagnosis module is used for determining whether the battery is in a suspected fault state or not based on the actual charging current of the battery, the allowable charging current of the battery, a suspected fault current threshold and a suspected fault time threshold;
the compensation module is used for determining a first adjusting parameter based on the suspected fault current threshold when the battery is in the suspected fault state;
and the adjusting module is used for charging the battery based on the first adjusting parameter.
Optionally, the pre-diagnosis module is further configured to:
when the difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery is larger than a first suspected fault current threshold value, the battery is determined to be in a first suspected fault state.
Optionally, the pre-diagnosis module is further configured to:
when the difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery is larger than a second suspected fault current threshold value and the duration time is larger than the suspected fault time threshold value, determining that the battery is in a second suspected fault state;
wherein the second suspected fault current threshold is less than the first suspected fault current threshold.
Optionally, the compensation module is further configured to:
when the first adjustment parameter is a first adjustment power, then the first adjustment power is determined based on the following first formula:
P1＝P0-A×△I×U0
wherein A is a coefficient and is greater than 0, P1For the first adjustment of power, P0For the present recovered power of the battery,. DELTA.I is the suspected fault current threshold, U0The voltage corresponding to the current state of charge of the battery.
Optionally, the compensation module is further configured to:
when the first adjustment parameter is a first adjustment current, then the first adjustment current is determined based on a second formula:
I1＝I0-B×△I
wherein B is a coefficient and is greater than 0, I1For the first adjustment current, I0For the current requested charging current for the battery,. DELTA.I is the suspected fault current threshold.
Optionally, the pre-diagnosis module is further configured to: determining the recovery times of the battery;
the compensation module is further used for determining a second adjusting parameter based on the first adjusting parameter and a target recovery parameter when the recovery times are equal to a target time;
the adjusting module is further configured to charge the battery based on the second adjusting parameter.
Optionally, the pre-diagnosis module is further configured to: determining a number of charges of the battery;
the compensation module is further used for determining a third adjustment parameter based on the first adjustment parameter and a target recovery parameter when the charging times are equal to a target time;
the adjusting module is further configured to charge the battery based on the third adjusting parameter.
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, which includes a battery management system, a vehicle control unit, and a motor controller, where the vehicle control unit is configured to implement any one of the battery protection methods described above.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, whether the vehicle is in the suspected fault state or not is determined by combining the suspected fault current threshold and the suspected fault current time threshold through the acquired actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery, so that the potential fault state of the vehicle can be found in time before the battery of the vehicle does not reach the overcharge fault, the adjustment parameter is determined based on the suspected fault current threshold, and then the battery is charged based on the adjustment parameter, so that the potential fault of the battery can be pre-judged in time, meanwhile, the charging state of the battery can be adjusted in time, and the safety and the service life of the battery are protected more effectively.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a battery protection method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a battery protection method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a battery protection method provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery protection device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a battery protection method according to an embodiment of the present application.
In the drawings, the respective reference numerals are:
1-a battery management system; 2-a vehicle control unit; and 3, a motor controller.
Specific embodiments of the present application have been shown by way of example in the drawings and will be described in more detail below. These drawings and written description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concepts in any manner, but rather to illustrate the inventive concepts to those skilled in the art by reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical terms used in the examples of the present application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art.
In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the following will describe the embodiments of the present application in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic view of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application, where the vehicle includes:
the battery management system 1 is configured to determine a State of Charge (SOC) value of a battery based on a current voltage of the battery. The SOC is the available state of the remaining charge in the battery, and when the SOC is 0, the battery is completely discharged; when the SOC is 1, it represents that the battery is fully charged, and the SOC of the battery is generally expressed by percentage. After determining the SOC value of the battery, the battery management system 1 transmits the SOC value to the vehicle control unit 2.
And the vehicle control unit 2 is configured to receive the SOC value sent by the battery management system, determine an adjustment parameter for charging the battery by combining the relevant parameters determined by each module in the vehicle control unit 2, and send the adjustment parameter to the motor controller 3. Alternatively, the vehicle control unit 2 sends a charging request to other charging devices (e.g., a charging pile or a charger, etc.), where the charging request is used to instruct the other charging devices to charge the battery with the current value corresponding to the adjustment parameter. The vehicle control unit 2 is configured to implement the following battery protection method provided in the embodiment of the present application, and a specific implementation process of the battery protection method is explained in the following embodiment of the present application, which is not described herein again.
And the motor controller 3 is used for controlling the motor to output corresponding torque based on the adjusting parameters sent by the vehicle controller and by combining the conversion relation between the adjusting parameters and the output torque of the motor, and further controlling the electric quantity output from the motor to the battery.
The battery management system 1, the vehicle control unit 2, and the motor controller 3 are electrically connected to each other.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a flowchart of a battery protection method provided in an embodiment of the present application, where the method includes the following steps 201 to 204:
It should be noted that, when the battery is shipped from a factory, a battery allowable charging current is set for each battery, and the allowable charging current may also be adjusted according to actual situations, which is not limited herein.
In some embodiments, the suspected fault current threshold and the suspected fault time threshold are preset and stored in the vehicle controller, and may also be adjusted accordingly according to the actual condition of the vehicle.
It should be noted that if the difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery is greater than the suspected fault current threshold, and the duration greater than the suspected fault current threshold exceeds the suspected fault time threshold, it is determined that the battery is in the overcharged state, and an overcharge fault alarm is issued. There are various ways of warning the overcharge fault, for example, the driver is prompted in a voice form, or the driver is prompted in a text form, or a related circuit for charging the battery is directly disconnected, which is only taken as an example of the overcharge fault warning way, and the specific overcharge fault warning way is not limited herein.
The overcharged state means that the battery is charged continuously after reaching a fully charged state, and if the battery is in the overcharged state, the internal pressure of the battery is increased, the battery is deformed, liquid leaks and the like, so that the performance of the battery is reduced or damaged, namely the safety and the service life of the battery are reduced. The embodiment provided by the application is used for judging whether the battery is in a suspected fault state in time, so that the battery can be judged in advance and adjusted in time before being in an overcharged state, and the safety and the service life of the battery are improved.
In some embodiments, the suspected fault states of the battery are divided into two states, one is a short-time large-current state, and the other is a long-time small-current state, when the battery is in the two states, the battery does not issue an overcharge fault alarm, but still has a potential overcharge risk, so the embodiment provided by the application identifies and timely adjusts the two suspected fault states. The two suspected fault states are respectively identified by the following two modes:
first, when the difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery is greater than a first suspected fault current threshold, it is determined that the battery is in a first suspected fault state. It should be noted that the first suspected fault state is the above-mentioned short-time large-current state.
In some embodiments, the suspected fault time threshold includes only one time threshold, and the battery is determined to be in the first suspected fault state when the difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery is greater than the first suspected fault current threshold and the duration is less than the suspected fault time threshold. And when the difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery is greater than a first suspected fault current threshold value and the duration is greater than the suspected fault time threshold value, determining that the battery is in an overcharged state.
For example, if the first suspected fault current threshold is 5A, the actual charging current of the battery is 58A, the allowable charging current of the battery is 50A, and the suspected fault time threshold is 2s, it is determined that the battery is currently in the first suspected fault state if the difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery is 8A (greater than 5A) and the duration is less than 2 s. By the method, the suspected fault state of the battery can be pre-judged in time, and the overcharge phenomenon is prevented.
In some embodiments, the suspected fault time threshold includes a first time threshold and a second time threshold, and the first time threshold is smaller than the second time threshold, when the difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery is larger than the first suspected fault current threshold, and meanwhile, the duration is larger than the first time threshold and smaller than the second time threshold, it is determined that the battery is in a first suspected fault state; if the duration is less than a first time threshold, determining that the battery is in a normal state of charge. And when the difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery is larger than the first suspected fault current threshold value and the duration is larger than a second time threshold value, determining that the battery is in an overcharged state.
For example, the first time threshold is 0.5s, the second time threshold is 2s, the first suspected fault current threshold is 5A, and the battery allowable charging current is 50A. Within the time of 0-2s of the battery, three stages which are sequentially continuous in time are shared: the first stage is 0 to 0.4s (duration is 0.4s), and the actual charging current of the battery is 58A; the second stage is 0.4 to 0.6s (the duration is 0.2s), and the actual charging current of the battery is 50A; the third phase is 0.6 to 2s (duration 1.4s) and the actual battery charging current is 56A. Only the third phase is determined as the first suspected fault condition and both the first and second phases are determined as normal charge conditions.
Through setting two time thresholds, equivalently, a lower limit value is set for the suspected fault time threshold, and because the influence on the safety and the service life of the battery is extremely small due to the excessively short current fluctuation of the battery, the short current fluctuation of the battery can be ignored by setting the lower limit value, so that the erroneous judgment caused by the excessive judgment is avoided, the unnecessary adjustment is further caused, and the processing resources are saved.
In some embodiments, the suspected fault time threshold includes a third time threshold, a fourth time threshold and a fifth time threshold, and the fourth time threshold is smaller than the third time threshold, and the third time threshold is smaller than the fifth time threshold, if a plurality of current variation phases are included within a period of time, for example, a first phase, a second phase and a third phase are included in time sequence, in the first phase, the difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery is larger than the first suspected fault current threshold, and the duration is smaller than the third time threshold and larger than the fourth time threshold; in a second phase, the difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery is smaller than the first suspected fault current threshold, and the duration is smaller than a fourth time threshold; in the third stage, the difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery is greater than the first suspected fault current threshold, and the duration is greater than the third time threshold and less than the fifth time threshold, so that the battery is determined to be in the first suspected fault state in the first to third stages. And when the difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery is greater than a first suspected fault current threshold value and the duration is greater than a fifth time threshold value, determining that the battery is in an overcharged state.
For example, the third time threshold is 0.5s, the fourth time threshold is 0.2s, the fifth time threshold is 2s, and within 0-1.2s of the battery, there are three stages: the first stage is 0 to 0.4s (duration is 0.4s), and the actual charging current of the battery is 58A; the second stage is 0.4 to 0.5s (duration is 0.1s), and the actual charging current of the battery is 50A; the third phase is 0.5 to 1.2s (duration of 0.7s) and the actual battery charging current is 56A. Only the first through third phases are determined to be the first suspected fault condition.
By setting three time thresholds, it is possible to avoid that the first suspected fault state is missed due to very short normal current fluctuation in a certain charging process of the battery, in the above example, the sum of the durations of the first stage and the third stage is already over 0.5s and less than 2s, but the first stage cannot be mistakenly regarded as the normal charging state because of the very short normal charging current existing between the first stage and the third stage, so that the first suspected fault state is missed, and further, the subsequent charging parameter adjustment operation is not performed, and finally, the battery is reduced in safety and service life due to potential hidden dangers. In other words, the method can avoid the phenomenon of the missed judgment of the current first suspected fault state of the battery, and better ensures the safety and the service life of the battery.
The magnitude of the time threshold or the suspected fault current threshold set above is taken as an example, and may be adjusted according to actual needs, and is not limited herein. In some embodiments, the number of the time thresholds may also be more, which is not limited herein, and by using the method, it may be ensured that the first suspected fault state of the battery is not determined in a missing manner, and the false determination is not caused by the over-determination.
Second, when the difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery is larger than a second suspected fault current threshold value and the duration time is larger than the suspected fault time threshold value, the battery is determined to be in a second suspected fault state. It is understood that the second suspected fault condition is the long term low current condition described above. In this case, the difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery is not only greater than the second suspected fault current threshold but also less than the first suspected fault current threshold.
And the second suspected fault current threshold is smaller than the first suspected fault current threshold, and the actual charging current of the battery is larger than the allowable charging current of the battery.
In some embodiments, the second suspected fault current threshold includes a current threshold and a suspected fault time threshold, and the battery is determined to be in the second suspected fault state when the difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery is greater than the second suspected fault current threshold and less than the first suspected fault current threshold, and the duration is greater than the suspected fault time threshold.
For example, if the second suspected fault current threshold is 2A, the first suspected fault current is 5A, the suspected fault time threshold is 2s, and the actual charging current of the battery is 53A and the duration is 3s within 0-2s of the battery, it is determined that the battery is in the second suspected fault state. By the method, the suspected fault state of the battery charging process can be pre-judged in time, and the overcharge phenomenon is prevented.
In some embodiments, the second suspected fault current threshold comprises a first current threshold and a second current threshold, and the first current threshold is smaller than the second current threshold, when the difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery is larger than the first current threshold and smaller than the second current threshold, and meanwhile, the duration is larger than a suspected fault time threshold, the battery is determined to be in a second suspected fault state; and if the difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery is smaller than the first current threshold, determining that the battery is in a normal charging state.
For example, the first current threshold is 0.5A, the second current threshold is 2A, and the suspected fault time threshold is 2 s. In 0-5s, two continuous time phases are included, the first phase is 0-2.5 s, the actual charging current of the battery is 50.4A, and the battery is determined to be in a normal charging state in 0-0.5 s; the second phase is 2.5s to 5s, and the actual charging current of the battery is 53A, it is determined that the battery is in the second suspected fault state within 2.5s to 5 s.
It should be noted that, if the difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery is very small, although the difference exceeds the allowable charging current of the battery, the influence on the safety and the service life of the battery is low, and therefore, the difference can be ignored, that is, the method can avoid over-judgment to cause misjudgment, which further causes subsequent unnecessary adjustment, and further saves processing resources.
It should be noted that the second suspected fault current threshold may also include three or more, which is not limited herein.
In some embodiments, in both cases, multiple suspected fault current thresholds and/or multiple suspected fault time thresholds may also be set simultaneously. In other embodiments, the suspected failure time threshold in the first case and the suspected failure time threshold in the second case may be the same or different, and are not limited herein.
The first adjustment parameter is used as a basis for continuing to charge the battery.
And step 204, charging the battery based on the first adjustment parameter.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, whether the vehicle is in the suspected fault state or not is determined by combining the suspected fault current threshold and the suspected fault current time threshold through the acquired actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery, so that the potential fault state of the vehicle can be found in time before the battery of the vehicle does not reach the overcharge fault, the adjustment parameter is determined based on the suspected fault current threshold, and then the battery is charged based on the adjustment parameter, so that the potential fault of the battery can be pre-determined in time, meanwhile, the charging state of the battery can be adjusted in time, and the safety and the service life of the battery are protected more effectively. Meanwhile, the current charging state of the battery can be judged based on the plurality of suspected fault current thresholds and the plurality of suspected fault time thresholds, so that the suspected faults of the battery can be judged in time, and the phenomenon of over-judgment or missing judgment can be avoided.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a flowchart of a battery protection method provided by an embodiment of the present application, where the method is applied to a vehicle energy recovery condition, and it should be noted that the energy recovery condition occurs during a driving process of an electric vehicle and a hybrid vehicle. When the vehicle decelerates or brakes during the running of the internal combustion vehicle, the kinetic energy of the vehicle is converted into heat energy by the brake system and released to the atmosphere. In the running process of the electric vehicle and the hybrid vehicle, when the vehicle decelerates or brakes, the motion energy of the vehicle is converted into heat energy through a braking system, the heat energy can be converted into electric energy through a motor, and the electric energy is stored in a storage battery, so that the part of electric energy can be further converted into driving energy subsequently. The method comprises the following steps 301 to 307:
It should be noted that this step is the same as the step 202, and is not described herein again.
When the first adjustment parameter is a first adjustment power, then the first adjustment power is determined based on the following first formula:
P1＝P0-A×△I×U0
wherein A is a coefficient and is greater than 0, P1For the first adjustment of power, P0For the present recovered power of the battery,. DELTA.I is the suspected fault current threshold, U0The voltage corresponding to the current state of charge of the battery. In some embodiments, a equals 2, so that space for power up-regulation may be provided for subsequent gradual restoration of charging capability.
In the process of converting the part of the thermal energy into the electric energy, the required output power of the motor has a corresponding relationship with the SOC of the battery, and it should be noted that the voltage change of the battery is small in a range where the SOC change is small, and the voltage change may be regarded as being constant. The output power of the motor is timely reduced to avoid the phenomenon of overcharging of the battery.
In some embodiments, when the first adjustment parameter is the first adjustment power in step 303, the motor torque corresponding to the first adjustment power is determined based on a conversion relationship between the motor power and the motor torque, and the electric energy output from the motor to the battery is adjusted by adjusting the output torque of the motor, so as to prevent the battery from being overcharged. In the motor controller or the vehicle controller, basic recovery MAP under the energy recovery working condition is stored in advance, the basic recovery MAP is used for reflecting the motor efficiency distribution condition of the motor under different vehicle speeds, and the first adjusting work is determinedAfter the rate, the power in the basic recovery MAP is all reduced by A x Delta I x U0And obtaining the regulated recovered MAP, and taking the regulated recovered MAP as the basis of the subsequent energy recovery working condition.
The recovery times refer to the times of the vehicle in the energy recovery working condition, for example, when the vehicle starts to decelerate, the vehicle enters the energy recovery working condition, when the vehicle becomes an acceleration state, the vehicle is equivalent to exit the energy recovery working condition, and the vehicle is regarded as one-time recovery from entering deceleration to starting to accelerate.
And step 306, when the recycling times are equal to the target times, determining a second adjusting parameter based on the first adjusting parameter and the target recovery parameter.
In some embodiments, when the second adjustment parameter is a second adjustment power, the second adjustment power may be determined based on the following formula:
P2＝P1+M×△I×U0
where M is a coefficient and is greater than 0, P2For the second adjustment of power, P1For the first regulated power,. DELTA.I is the suspected fault current threshold, U0For the voltage corresponding to the current state of charge of the battery, M x Δ I × U0The parameters are restored for the target. It should be noted that, in each energy recovery condition, the SOC of the battery changes less, and the voltage of the battery may be regarded as constant. In some embodiments, the target recovery parameter may also be set to a fixed value, and the fixed value is less than A ×. DELTA.I × U in step 3030The purpose of (1) is to adjust the power up for a plurality of times subsequently, thereby gradually recovering partial charging capacity, improving the safety and service life of the battery and ensuring the service performance of the battery. In some embodiments, M is equal to 0.5, and if a is equal to 2 in step 303, the power may be adjusted up four times to gradually recover the charging capability.
The target number of times may be adjusted as needed, for example, the target number of times is 200 times, that is, within 200 times of recovery, if the suspected fault state of the battery has not occurred, part of the charging capability may be properly recovered step by step, that is, the self-repairing regeneration capability of the motor is realized. In some embodiments, the current parameters may be adjusted every time the target number of times is reached, but the finally adjusted parameters cannot be larger than the preset maximum recovery power set in the vehicle control unit.
In some embodiments, if the battery is determined to be in a suspected fault state within the target number of times, the number of times is reduced to zero, and the power is adjusted in the manner described above in 303, and the number of times is counted again from zero. If the battery is not determined to be in the suspected fault state within the target number of times, the power is adjusted according to the method in step 306, and then the number of times is counted from zero again.
It should be noted that the step is similar to step 304, except that the output power of the motor is adjusted downward in step 304, and the output power of the motor is adjusted upward in step 307, which is not described herein again.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, whether the vehicle is in the suspected fault state or not is determined by combining the suspected fault current threshold and the suspected fault current time threshold through the acquired actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery, so that the potential fault state of the vehicle can be found in time before the battery of the vehicle does not reach the overcharge fault, the adjustment parameter is determined based on the suspected fault current threshold, and then the battery is charged based on the adjustment parameter, so that the potential fault of the battery can be pre-determined in time, meanwhile, the charging state of the battery can be adjusted in time, and the safety and the service life of the battery are protected more effectively. And after the recovery frequency of each round is reached, the output power of the motor can be gradually increased, and further, partial charging capacity is recovered. And the self-learning parameter compensation method for the whole life cycle of the battery realizes the functions of dynamic self-correction and gradual self-restoration, and the whole charging state of the battery is adjusted to the optimal state.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a flowchart of a battery protection method provided by an embodiment of the present application, where the method is applied to a charging condition, it should be noted that, in the case of an electric vehicle and a hybrid vehicle, not only depending on the energy recovery condition, the battery is charged, and the battery of the vehicle is charged by the outside, for example, the battery is charged by a charging pile or a charger, the working condition is called the charging working condition and comprises alternating current charging and direct current charging, under the charging working condition, the vehicle control unit determines the allowable charging current of the battery and the consumption current of the power consumption accessory in the vehicle, adds the allowable charging current of the battery and the consumption current of the power consumption accessory in the vehicle to obtain the current requested charging current of the vehicle, and based on the current requested charging current, the vehicle control unit sends an output current request to the charging pile or the charging machine, wherein the request is used for indicating the charging pile or the charging machine to output the current requested charging current to the vehicle. The method comprises the following steps 401 to 407:
It should be noted that this step is the same as the step 202, and is not described herein again.
And 403, when the battery is in a suspected fault state, determining a first adjustment parameter based on the suspected fault current threshold.
When the first adjustment parameter is a first adjustment current, then the first adjustment current is determined based on a second formula:
I1＝I0-B×△I
wherein B is a coefficient and is greater than 0, I1For the first adjustment current, I0For the current requested charging current for the battery,. DELTA.I is the suspected fault current threshold. In some embodiments, B equals 2, so that space for current up-regulation may be provided for subsequent step-wise restoration of charging capability.
In some embodiments, when the first adjustment parameter is the first adjustment current in step 403, an adjusted output current request is sent to the charging pile or the charging machine, and the request is used for instructing the charging pile or the charging machine to output the first adjustment current to the vehicle. The charging MAP is stored in the vehicle control unit in advance and used for reflecting the relation among the SOC of the battery, the temperature of the battery and the current charging current of the battery, after the first adjusting current is determined, the currents in the charging MAP are all reduced by BxDeltaI to obtain the adjusted charging MAP, and the adjusted charging MAP is used as the basis of the subsequent charging working condition.
The charging times refer to the times of charging the vehicle by using external charging equipment, for example, the vehicle and the charging pile are connected to separate the vehicle from the charging pile, and the vehicle is considered to be charged once.
And step 406, when the charging number is equal to the target number, determining a third adjustment parameter based on the first adjustment parameter and the target recovery parameter.
In some embodiments, when the third adjustment parameter is a third adjustment current, the third adjustment current may be determined based on the following equation:
I2＝I1+N×△I
where N is a coefficient and greater than 0, I2For the third adjustment current, I1For the first regulated current, Δ I is the suspected fault current threshold. In some embodiments, the target recovery parameter may also be set to a fixed value, and the fixed value is smaller than the value of bxΔ I in step 403, so as to subsequently adjust the current up multiple times, thereby gradually recovering part of the charging capability, improving the safety and service life of the battery, and ensuring the service performance of the battery. In some embodiments, N is equal to 0.5, and if B is equal to 2 in step 403, the current value may be adjusted up four times to gradually recover the charging capability.
The target number of times may be adjusted as needed, for example, the target number of times is 200 times, that is, within 200 times of recovery, if the battery has not yet a suspected fault state, a part of the charging capacity may be properly recovered step by step, that is, the current output by the charging pile or the charger is increased. In some embodiments, the current parameter may be adjusted every time the target number of times is reached, but the finally adjusted parameter cannot be larger than the preset maximum requested current set in the vehicle controller.
In some embodiments, if the battery is determined to be in a suspected fault state within the target number of times, the number of times is returned to zero, and the current is adjusted in the manner described above in 403, and then the number of times is counted again from zero. If the battery is not determined to be in a suspected fault state within the target number of times, the current is adjusted in the manner of step 406, and then the number of times is counted again from zero.
It should be noted that the step is similar to the step 404, except that the output current of the charging pile or the charger is adjusted downward in the step 404, and the output current of the charging pile or the charger is adjusted upward in the step 407, which is not described herein again.
It should be noted that the suspected fault current in the battery protection method provided in the embodiment of fig. 3 or the suspected fault current in the battery protection method provided in the embodiment of fig. 4 may be the same or different, and is not limited herein.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, whether the vehicle is in the suspected fault state or not is determined by combining the suspected fault current threshold and the suspected fault current time threshold through the acquired actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery, so that the potential fault state of the vehicle can be found in time before the battery of the vehicle does not reach the overcharge fault, the adjustment parameter is determined based on the suspected fault current threshold, and then the battery is charged based on the adjustment parameter, so that the potential fault of the battery can be pre-determined in time, meanwhile, the charging state of the battery can be adjusted in time, and the safety and the service life of the battery are protected more effectively. And after the number of times of charging is reached every time, the output power of the motor can be gradually increased, and further partial charging capacity is recovered.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery protection device according to an embodiment of the present application, where the battery protection device includes:
the information obtaining module 501 is configured to obtain an actual charging current of the battery and an allowable charging current of the battery.
A pre-diagnosis module 502, configured to determine whether the battery is in a suspected fault state based on the actual charging current of the battery, the allowable charging current of the battery, a suspected fault current threshold, and a suspected fault time threshold.
In some embodiments, the suspected fault current threshold and the suspected fault time threshold are preset and stored in the pre-diagnostic module 502.
The compensation module 503 is configured to determine a first adjustment parameter based on the suspected fault current threshold when the battery is in the suspected fault state.
An adjusting module 504 is configured to charge the battery based on the first adjusting parameter.
In some embodiments, the pre-diagnosis module 502 is further configured to:
when the difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery is larger than a first suspected fault current threshold value, the battery is determined to be in a first suspected fault state.
In some embodiments, the pre-diagnosis module 502 is further configured to:
and when the difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery is smaller than a second suspected fault current threshold value and the duration is longer than the suspected fault time threshold value, determining that the battery is in a second suspected fault state.
It should be noted that the second suspected fault current threshold is smaller than the first suspected fault current threshold.
In some embodiments, the compensation module 503 is further configured to:
when the first adjustment parameter is a first adjustment power, then the first adjustment power is determined based on the following first formula:
P1＝P0-A×△I×U0
wherein A is a coefficient and is greater than 0, P1For the first adjustment of power, P0For the present recovered power of the battery,. DELTA.I is the suspected fault current threshold, U0The voltage corresponding to the current state of charge of the battery.
In some embodiments, the compensation module 503 is further configured to:
when the first adjustment parameter is a first adjustment current, then the first adjustment current is determined based on a second formula:
I1＝I0-B×△I
wherein B is a coefficient and is greater than 0, I1For the first adjustment current, I0For the current requested charging current for the battery,. DELTA.I is the suspected fault current threshold.
In some embodiments, the pre-diagnosis module 502 is further configured to: the number of times of recovery of the battery is determined.
It should be noted that the pre-diagnosis module 502 is also used for counting the recycling times in the step 306.
The compensation module 503 is further configured to determine a second adjustment parameter based on the first adjustment parameter and a target recovery parameter when the recovery number is equal to a target number.
The adjusting module 504 is further configured to charge the battery based on the second adjusting parameter.
In some embodiments, the pre-diagnosis module 502 is further configured to: the number of charges of the battery is determined.
It should be noted that the pre-diagnosis module 502 is also used for counting the recycling times in the step 406.
The compensation module 503 is further configured to determine a third adjustment parameter based on the first adjustment parameter and a target recovery parameter when the number of charging times is equal to a target number.
The adjusting module 504 is further configured to charge the battery based on the third adjusting parameter.
It should be noted that, each time the pre-diagnosis module 501 determines that the suspected fault state of the battery occurs, the suspected fault code needs to be recorded.
It should be noted that the information obtaining module 501, the pre-diagnosis module 502, the compensation module 503 and the adjustment module 504 may all be disposed in a vehicle controller of a vehicle or other suitable devices, and the above modules are used to implement the battery protection method provided in the embodiments of the present application, and the principle is the same, and no further description is given here.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, whether the vehicle is in the suspected fault state or not is determined by combining the acquired actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery and combining the suspected fault current threshold and the suspected fault current time threshold, so that the potential fault state of the vehicle can be found in time before the battery of the vehicle does not reach the overcharge fault, the adjustment parameter is determined based on the suspected fault current threshold, and then the battery is charged based on the adjustment parameter, so that the potential fault of the battery can be pre-determined in time, meanwhile, the charging state of the battery can be adjusted in time, and the safety and the service life of the battery are protected more effectively.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a flowchart of a battery protection method provided in an embodiment of the present application, where the method is applied to a vehicle including a battery management system, a vehicle controller, and a motor controller, and the vehicle control system includes a starting module, a pre-diagnosis module, a compensation module, and an adjustment module. The method comprises the following steps 601 to 607:
step 601, starting the charging state by the starting module.
The charging state is realized by a starting module in the vehicle control unit, the starting module determines the running state of the vehicle based on the speed of the vehicle, and when the vehicle is decelerated or braked, the energy recovery state is started, namely the charging state is started, or the starting module responds to the clicking operation of a button for starting the energy recovery state by a user and starts the charging state; in this state of charge, the battery management system sends the current charging current of the battery and the SOC of the battery to the pre-diagnosis module. Or the starting module in the vehicle control unit responds to the received successful connection signal of the vehicle and external equipment such as the charging pile or the charger, and the charging state is started. Meanwhile, based on the adjustment parameters in the subsequent steps sent to the starting module by the adjustment module, the starting module continues to charge the battery based on the corresponding adjustment parameters.
Step 602, the pre-diagnosis module determines whether the battery is in a suspected fault state, the specific determination method is the same as the step 202, wherein the pre-diagnosis module determines that the basis is the information acquired by the information acquisition module in the step 501, if so, step 603 is executed, and if not, step 604 is executed.
Step 603, the pre-diagnosis module records the fault code corresponding to the suspected fault state, returns the recovery times to 0, and then executes step 605.
Step 605, the compensation module determines a first adjustment parameter. The first adjustment parameter is the same as the determination method in step 303 or step 403, and is not described herein again. Then, the adjustment module continues to charge the battery based on the first adjustment parameter, i.e., performs step 601 based on the first adjustment parameter.
Step 606, the pre-diagnosis module determines whether the recycling number is equal to the target number, if so, step 607 is executed, and if not, step 601 is executed.
Step 607, the compensation module determines a second adjustment parameter or a third adjustment parameter, the compensation module sends the second adjustment parameter or the third adjustment parameter to the adjustment module, and the adjustment module then executes step 601 based on the second adjustment parameter or the third adjustment parameter.
It should be noted that, if the first adjustment parameter and the second adjustment parameter are the first adjustment power and the second adjustment power, respectively, the adjustment module sends the first adjustment parameter or the second adjustment parameter to the motor controller, so as to change the output power of the motor by adjusting the output torque of the motor, that is, reduce the electric energy generated by the motor under the vehicle energy recovery condition, and prevent the battery from being overcharged. If the first adjustment parameter and the third adjustment parameter are respectively a first adjustment current and a third adjustment current, the adjustment module sends an output current request to external equipment such as a charging pile or a charger, and the request is used for indicating the external equipment such as the charging pile or the charger to output current to the battery based on the first adjustment current or the third adjustment current. By the method, the potential faults of the battery can be pre-judged in time, and meanwhile, the charging state of the battery can be adjusted in time, so that the safety and the service life of the battery are protected more effectively.
In this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The term "plurality" means two or more unless expressly limited otherwise.
Other embodiments of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the present application disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only.
It will be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the application is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method of protecting a battery, the method comprising:
acquiring actual charging current of a battery and allowable charging current of the battery;
determining whether the battery is in a suspected fault state or not based on the actual charging current of the battery, the allowable charging current of the battery, a suspected fault current threshold value and a suspected fault time threshold value;
when the battery is in a suspected fault state, determining a first adjusting parameter based on the suspected fault current threshold;
and charging the battery based on the first adjusting parameter.
2. The battery protection method of claim 1, wherein determining whether the battery is in a suspected fault state based on the actual charging current of the battery, the allowable charging current of the battery, a suspected fault current threshold, and a suspected fault time threshold comprises:
and when the difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery is larger than a first suspected fault current threshold value, determining that the battery is in a first suspected fault state.
3. The battery protection method of claim 2, wherein determining whether the battery is in a suspected fault state based on the actual charging current of the battery, the allowable charging current of the battery, a suspected fault current threshold, and a suspected fault time threshold comprises:
when the difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery is larger than a second suspected fault current threshold value and the duration time is larger than the suspected fault time threshold value, determining that the battery is in a second suspected fault state;
wherein the second suspected fault current threshold is less than the first suspected fault current threshold.
4. The battery protection method of claim 1, wherein determining a first adjustment parameter based on the suspected fault current threshold when the battery is in the suspected fault state comprises:
when the first adjustment parameter is a first adjustment power, then the first adjustment power is determined based on a first formula:
P1＝P0-A×△I×U0
wherein A is a coefficient and is greater than 0, P1For the first adjustment of power, P0For the present recovered power of the battery, Δ I is the suspected fault currentThreshold value, U0A voltage corresponding to the current state of charge of the battery.
5. The battery protection method of claim 1, wherein determining a first adjustment parameter based on the suspected fault current threshold when the battery is in the suspected fault state comprises:
when the first adjustment parameter is a first adjustment current, then the first adjustment current is determined based on a second formula:
I1＝I0-B×△I
wherein B is a coefficient and is greater than 0, I1For the first adjustment current, I0A current requested charging current for the battery, Δ I being the suspected fault current threshold.
6. The battery protection method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining the recovery times of the battery;
when the recovery times are equal to the target times, determining a second adjusting parameter based on the first adjusting parameter and the target recovery parameter;
and charging the battery based on the second adjusting parameter.
7. The battery protection method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining a number of charges of the battery;
when the charging times are equal to the target times, determining a third adjusting parameter based on the first adjusting parameter and the target recovery parameter;
charging the battery based on the third adjustment parameter.
8. A battery protection device, the device comprising:
the information acquisition module is used for acquiring the actual charging current of the battery and the allowable charging current of the battery;
the pre-diagnosis module is used for determining whether the battery is in a suspected fault state or not based on the actual charging current of the battery, the allowable charging current of the battery, a suspected fault current threshold and a suspected fault time threshold;
the compensation module is used for determining a first adjusting parameter based on the suspected fault current threshold when the battery is in a suspected fault state;
and the adjusting module is used for charging the battery based on the first adjusting parameter.
9. The battery protection device of claim 8,
the pre-diagnosis module is further used for determining the recovery times of the battery;
the compensation module is further used for determining a second adjusting parameter based on the first adjusting parameter and a target recovery parameter when the recovery cycle number is equal to a target number of times;
the adjusting module is further configured to charge the battery based on the second adjusting parameter.
10. A vehicle, characterized in that the vehicle comprises a battery management system (1), a vehicle control unit (2) and a motor controller (3), wherein the vehicle control unit is configured to implement the battery protection method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| CN117406106A (en) * | 2023-10-16 | 2024-01-16 | 安徽来福电子科技有限公司 | Safety monitoring system based on shunt |
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