KR101927124B1 - Apparatus for preventing trouble of battery - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device for preventing a battery failure, and a device for preventing a battery failure according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a battery fault preventing device for preventing a failure of a battery mounted on the vehicle in a state that the starting of the vehicle is off A regulator for receiving a voltage of the battery and outputting the voltage to a constant voltage; A first voltage divider that receives a voltage of the battery and divides the voltage of the battery to a first voltage distribution ratio to output a first state voltage indicating a voltage state of the battery; A second voltage divider that receives an output of the regulator and distributes the voltage to a second voltage distribution ratio to output an overcharge reference voltage to determine whether the battery is overcharged; And comparing the first state voltage, which is an output of the first voltage divider, with the overcharge reference voltage, which is an output of the second voltage divider, to determine whether the battery is overcharged. When the battery is overcharged, And a first comparator for outputting a wake-up signal for waking up a BMS (Battery Management System) for controlling the BMS.

Description

[0001] APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING TROUBLE OF BATTERY [0002]

The present invention relates to a battery fault preventing device. More particularly, the present invention relates to a technique for determining whether a battery installed in a vehicle is overcharged or overdischarged even when the vehicle is turned off, thereby preventing the battery from being overcharged or overcharged.

Electric vehicles (EVs) are cars that do not use petroleum fuels and engines but that use electric batteries and electric motors. In other words, although an electric vehicle that drives a car by rotating an electric motor that is stored in a battery has been developed before a gasoline car, it has not been put into practical use due to problems such as a heavy weight of a battery and a time required for charging. Recently, And research for commercialization began in the 1990s.

In addition, as the battery technology has been rapidly developed, a hybrid vehicle (HEV) that uses electric vehicles, fossil fuels and electric energy adaptively is being commercialized.

HEV and EV vehicles are equipped with a high-voltage battery (main battery) that provides the driving power of the electric motor. During operation of the vehicle, the high-voltage battery repeats charging / discharging and supplies necessary power. In addition, a low-voltage battery (auxiliary battery) that supplies driving electric power of the vehicle electrical components together with the main battery is mounted.

In addition, HEV and EV vehicles are equipped with a battery management system (BMS) that controls charging / discharging of the main and auxiliary batteries, prevents overcharging / overdischarging, and controls the overall operation of the battery such as voltage sensing Respectively.

On the other hand, since the BMS operates only when the vehicle is turned on, the state of the battery can not be managed when the vehicle is turned off. Accordingly, when the battery is charged while the vehicle is turned off, there is no way to prevent the battery from overcharging. Further, when the battery is discharged in a state where the starting of the vehicle is off, there is no way to prevent the over discharge of the battery.

In particular, recently, the auxiliary battery has been replaced with a battery having a lithium ion component. When the battery having the lithium ion component is overcharged or overdischarged, the battery itself needs to be replaced, There is a need to prevent overcharging and overdischarging even in the state of < RTI ID = 0.0 >

U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014-0070772

An object of the present invention is to prevent overcharging of the auxiliary battery when the auxiliary battery provided in the vehicle is charged with the start of the vehicle being turned off.

It is another object of the present invention to prevent over discharge of the auxiliary battery when the auxiliary battery provided in the vehicle is discharged in a state where the starting of the vehicle is off.

The apparatus for preventing a battery failure according to an embodiment of the present invention is a device for preventing a battery mounted on the vehicle from being damaged while the start of the vehicle is turned off, A voltage regulator for outputting a voltage; A first voltage divider that receives a voltage of the battery and divides the voltage of the battery to a first voltage distribution ratio to output a first state voltage indicating a voltage state of the battery; A second voltage divider that receives an output of the regulator and distributes the voltage to a second voltage distribution ratio to output an overcharge reference voltage to determine whether the battery is overcharged; And comparing the first state voltage, which is an output of the first voltage divider, with the overcharge reference voltage, which is an output of the second voltage divider, to determine whether the battery is overcharged. When the battery is overcharged, And a first comparator for outputting a wake-up signal for waking up a BMS (Battery Management System) for controlling the BMS.

In one embodiment, the first voltage divider includes a first resistor and a second resistor, wherein the first resistor and the second resistor have a resistance greater than or equal to a predetermined value so as to minimize a dark current generated from the battery, Value.

In one embodiment, the first voltage division ratio is set so that the resistance value of the first resistor and the resistance value of the second resistor have a 3: 1 ratio.

In one embodiment, the second voltage divider includes a third resistor and a fourth resistor, and the third resistor and the fourth resistor have resistances of a predetermined value or more so as to minimize a dark current generated from the regulator Value.

In one embodiment, the regulator is a DC to DC converter.

In one embodiment, the first comparator determines that the battery is overcharged if the first state voltage exceeds the overcharge reference voltage.

A third voltage divider that receives a voltage of the battery and distributes the voltage to a third voltage distribution ratio to output a second state voltage indicating a voltage state of the battery; A fourth voltage divider that receives the output of the regulator and divides the voltage at a fourth voltage division ratio to output an overdischarge reference voltage for determining whether the battery is overdischarged; And comparing the second state voltage, which is an output of the third voltage divider, with the over-discharge reference voltage, which is an output of the fourth voltage divider, to determine whether the battery is overdischarged. And a second comparator for outputting a wake-up signal for waking up a battery management system (BMS) for controlling the battery.

In one embodiment, the third voltage divider includes a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor, and the fifth resistor and the sixth resistor are resistors having a resistance higher than a predetermined value so as to minimize a dark current generated from the battery. Value.

In one embodiment, the third voltage division ratio is set so that the resistance value of the fifth resistor and the resistance value of the sixth resistor have a 5: 4 ratio.

In one embodiment, the fourth voltage divider includes a seventh resistor and an eighth resistor, and the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor may have a resistance higher than a predetermined value so as to minimize a dark current generated from the regulator Value.

In one embodiment, the second comparator determines that the battery is overdischarged when the second state voltage is lower than the overdischarge reference voltage.

The present invention has the effect of preventing overcharging of the auxiliary battery even when the auxiliary battery provided in the vehicle is charged in the state that the starting of the vehicle is off.

Further, the present invention has an effect of preventing over discharge of the auxiliary battery even when the auxiliary battery provided in the vehicle is discharged in the state that the starting of the vehicle is off.

Therefore, the present invention has the effect of reducing power consumption by waking up the BMS only when it is determined that the auxiliary battery is overcharged or overdischarged.

1 is a block diagram of a battery fault prevention apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a block diagram of a battery fault prevention apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a configuration diagram of the overcharge preventing portion of the present invention.
4 is a configuration diagram of the over-discharge preventing portion of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the following description of the embodiments of the present invention, descriptions of techniques which are well known in the technical field of the present invention and are not directly related to the present invention will be omitted. This is for the sake of clarity of the present invention without omitting the unnecessary explanation.

For the same reason, some of the components in the drawings are exaggerated, omitted, or schematically illustrated. Also, the size of each component does not entirely reflect the actual size. In the drawings, the same or corresponding components are denoted by the same reference numerals.

Hereinafter, a battery fault prevention apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG.

1 is a block diagram of a battery fault prevention apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the connection relationship between the battery 10, the battery failure prevention device 20, and the BMS 30 can be confirmed.

The battery 10 refers to a low-voltage battery that provides driving power to electrical components provided in the vehicle. The battery 10 may refer to a lithium ion battery having a voltage of 12V.

The battery fault preventing device 20 prevents overcharge or overdischarge of the battery 10 mounted on the vehicle when the vehicle is turned off. A detailed description thereof will be described later.

When the BMS 30 wakes up, it senses the voltage of the battery 10 and controls the charging / discharging state. Accordingly, the BMS 30 can prevent the battery 10 from being overcharged and overdischarged.

The BMS 30 is generally woken up only when the start of the vehicle is on. Accordingly, when the battery 10 is charged while the start of the vehicle is turned off, the BMS 30 is also turned off so that the battery 10 can not be prevented from being overcharged. When the switch for connecting the battery 10 and the load of the vehicle is turned on and the battery 10 is discharged in a state where the vehicle is turned off, the BMS 30 is also turned off So that the battery 10 can not be prevented from being overdischarged.

However, keeping the BMS 30 always on even when the vehicle is turned off has a problem in that power consumption is increased. Therefore, it is necessary to wake up the BMS 30 only when the overcharge or overdischarge condition of the battery 10 occurs in the state where the start-up of the vehicle is off.

2 is a block diagram of a battery fault prevention apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2, the battery fault preventing device 20 includes a regulator 21, an overcharge preventing portion 22, and an overdischarge preventing portion 23. [

The regulator 21 receives the voltage of the battery 10, changes the voltage to a predetermined voltage, and outputs the voltage. At this time, the regulator 21 may mean a DC to DC converter. For example, the regulator 21 can output a voltage of 10 V from the battery 10 or a constant voltage of 5 V, even when a voltage of 9 V is input.

The overcharge preventing portion 22 prevents overcharging of the battery 10 mounted on the vehicle in a state where the starting of the vehicle is off. A detailed description thereof will be given later with reference to Fig.

The over-discharge preventing portion 23 prevents overdischarge of the battery 10 mounted on the vehicle in a state where the starting of the vehicle is off. A detailed description thereof will be given later with reference to Fig.

3 is a configuration diagram of the overcharge preventing portion of the present invention.

3, the overcharge protection unit 22 includes a first voltage divider 24, a second voltage divider 25, and a first comparator 26. The first voltage divider 24,

The first voltage divider 24 receives the voltage of the battery 10, divides the voltage of the battery 10 at a first voltage distribution ratio, and outputs a first state voltage indicating a voltage state of the battery 10. The first voltage divider 24 includes a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2. For example, when the voltage of 16 V is inputted from the battery 10, the first voltage divider 24 outputs the first voltage distribution ratio of the first voltage divider 24, State voltage can be output. That is, the first voltage divider 24 can distribute the voltage of the battery 10 at the first voltage division ratio of R1: R2 = 3: 1.

The first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 have a resistance value equal to or greater than a predetermined value so as to minimize a dark current generated from the battery 10. [ For example, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 may have a resistance value of 1 M or more.

The second voltage divider 25 receives the output of the regulator 21 and distributes the voltage to the second voltage division ratio to output an overcharge reference voltage for determining whether the battery 10 is overcharged. The second voltage divider 25 includes a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4. For example, the second voltage divider 25 receives the output of the regulator 21 and distributes the voltage to a second voltage distribution ratio of R3: R4 = 1: 1 to determine whether the battery 10 is overcharged. Can be output.

The third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 have a resistance value equal to or greater than a predetermined value so as to minimize a dark current generated from the regulator 21. [ For example, the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 may have a resistance value of 1 M or more.

Meanwhile, the first state voltage outputted from the first voltage divider 24 is different according to the current voltage state of the battery 10, but the overcharge reference voltage outputted from the second voltage divider 25 is supplied from the battery A fixed value is output according to the output of the regulator 21 which is initially set and the values of the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4. For example, the overcharge reference voltage output from the second voltage divider 25 may be 4V.

The first comparator 26 compares the first state voltage, which is the output of the first voltage divider 24, with the overcharge reference voltage, which is the output of the second voltage divider 25, and determines whether the battery 10 is overcharged . The first comparator 26 determines that the battery 10 is overcharged when the first state voltage exceeds the overcharge reference voltage. At this time, the output of the first voltage divider 24 may be input to the first comparator 26 through the capacitor C. The capacitor C may remove the noise included in the output of the first voltage divider 24.

For example, when the first state voltage is output as 4.2 V in the first voltage divider 24 and the overcharge reference voltage is output as 4 V to the second voltage divider 25, the first comparator 26, The battery 10 is judged to be overcharged. However, when the first state voltage is output at 3.5 V in the first voltage divider 24 and the overcharge reference voltage is output at 4 V to the second voltage divider 25, (10) is judged to be normal.

The first comparator 26 outputs a wake-up signal that wakes up the BMS 30 controlling the battery 10 when it determines that the battery 10 is overcharged. Accordingly, the BMS 30 wakes up and functions to prevent the battery 10 from being overcharged. For example, the BMS 30 performs a function of preventing overcharge of the battery 10 by turning off the switch connecting the battery 10 and the charger for charging the battery 10. As another example, the BMS 30 may function to prevent the battery 10 from overcharging by discharging the voltage of the battery 10 by connecting a discharge path to the battery 10.

4 is a configuration diagram of the over-discharge preventing portion of the present invention.

4, the overdischarge prevention portion 23 includes a third voltage divider 27, a fourth voltage divider 28, and a second comparator 29. [

The third voltage divider 27 receives the voltage of the battery 10, distributes the voltage to the third voltage distribution ratio, and outputs a second state voltage representing the voltage state of the battery 10. The third voltage divider 27 includes a fifth resistor R5 and a sixth resistor R6. For example, when the voltage of 9 V is input from the battery 10, the third voltage divider 27 outputs a second voltage distribution ratio of 4 V, State voltage can be output. That is, the third voltage divider 27 can distribute the voltage of the battery 10 at the third voltage division ratio of R5: R6 = 5: 4.

At this time, the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 have a resistance value of a predetermined value or more so as to minimize the dark current generated from the battery 10. For example, the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 may have a resistance value of 1 M or more.

The fourth voltage divider 28 divides the output of the regulator 21 into a fourth voltage distribution ratio and outputs an overdischarge reference voltage to determine whether the battery 10 is overdischarged. The fourth voltage divider 28 includes a seventh resistor R7 and an eighth resistor R8. For example, the fourth voltage divider 28 receives the output of the regulator 21 and distributes the voltage to a second voltage distribution ratio of R7: R8 = 1: 1 to determine whether the battery 10 is overdischarged. The reference voltage can be outputted.

The seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8 have a resistance value equal to or greater than a predetermined value so as to minimize the dark current generated from the regulator 21. [ For example, the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8 may have a resistance value of 1 M or more.

Meanwhile, the second state voltage output from the third voltage divider 27 is different according to the current voltage state of the battery 10, but the overdischarge reference voltage output from the fourth voltage divider 28 is A fixed value is output according to the output of the first regulator 21 and the value of the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8 since it is a reference voltage for determining whether the battery 10 is overdischarged. For example, the over-discharge reference voltage output from the fourth voltage divider 28 may be 4V.

The second comparator 29 compares the second state voltage, which is the output of the third voltage divider 27, with the overdischarge reference voltage, which is the output of the fourth voltage divider 28, . The second comparator 29 determines that the battery 10 is overdischarged when the second state voltage is lower than the overdischarge reference voltage. At this time, the output of the third voltage divider 27 may be input to the second comparator 29 via the capacitor C. The capacitor C can remove the noise contained in the output of the third voltage divider 27. [

For example, when the second state voltage is output as 3.2 V in the third voltage divider 27 and the overdischarge reference voltage is output as 4 V to the fourth voltage divider 28, the second comparator 29 Determines that the battery 10 is over discharge. However, when the second state voltage is output at 4.5 V in the third voltage divider 27 and the overdischarge reference voltage is output to 4 V in the fourth voltage divider 28, the second comparator 29 The battery 10 is determined to be normal.

The second comparator 29 outputs a wake-up signal for waking up the BMS 30 controlling the battery 10 when it is determined that the battery 10 is overdischarged. Accordingly, the BMS 30 wakes up and functions to prevent the battery 10 from being overdischarged. For example, the BMS 30 may function to prevent overdischarge of the battery 10 by turning off the switch connecting the battery 10 and the load of the vehicle.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. It is therefore to be understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative in all aspects and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing detailed description, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and the equivalents thereof are included in the scope of the present invention Should be interpreted.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, And is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It is to be understood by those skilled in the art that other modifications based on the technical idea of the present invention are possible in addition to the embodiments disclosed herein.

10: Battery
20: Battery failure prevention device
21: Regulator
22: Overcharge prevention part
23: Overdischarge prevention part
30: BMS

Claims (11)

A battery fault preventing device for preventing a failure of a battery mounted on a vehicle in a state that the starting of the vehicle is off,
A regulator for receiving the voltage of the battery and changing the voltage to a constant voltage and outputting the voltage;
A first voltage divider that receives a voltage of the battery and outputs a first state voltage indicating a voltage state of the battery by dividing the voltage by a first resistor and a second resistor connected in series to a first voltage distribution ratio;
A second voltage divider for receiving an output of the regulator and outputting an overcharge reference voltage for determining whether the battery is overcharged by distributing a voltage at a second voltage division ratio by a third resistor and a fourth resistor connected in series; And
The battery charger according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: an overcharge reference voltage generator for generating an overcharge reference voltage by comparing the first state voltage output from the first voltage divider and the overcharge reference voltage output from the second voltage divider, And a first comparator for outputting a wake-up signal for waking up a BMS (Battery Management System) to be controlled. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the first resistor and the second resistor have a resistance value equal to or greater than a predetermined value so as to minimize a dark current generated from the battery. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the first voltage division ratio is set so that the resistance value of the first resistor and the resistance value of the second resistor have a 3: 1 ratio. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the third resistor and the fourth resistor have a resistance value equal to or greater than a predetermined value so as to minimize a dark current generated from the regulator. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the regulator is a DC to DC converter. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the first comparator determines that the battery is overcharged when the first state voltage exceeds the overcharge reference voltage. The method according to claim 1,
A third voltage divider for receiving a voltage of the battery and distributing the voltage to a third voltage distribution ratio and outputting a second state voltage indicating a voltage state of the battery;
A fourth voltage divider that receives the output of the regulator and divides the voltage at a fourth voltage division ratio to output an overdischarge reference voltage for determining whether the battery is overdischarged; And
Wherein the controller determines whether the battery is overdischarged by comparing the second state voltage, which is an output of the third voltage divider, with the overdischarge reference voltage, which is an output of the fourth voltage divider, And a second comparator for outputting a wake-up signal for waking up a battery management system (BMS) for controlling the battery. 8. The method of claim 7,
Wherein the third voltage divider comprises a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor,
Wherein the fifth resistor and the sixth resistor have a resistance value equal to or greater than a predetermined value so as to minimize a dark current generated from the battery. 9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the third voltage division ratio is set so that the resistance value of the fifth resistor and the resistance value of the sixth resistor have a 5: 4 ratio. 8. The method of claim 7,
The fourth voltage divider includes a seventh resistor and an eighth resistor,
Wherein the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor have a resistance value equal to or greater than a predetermined value so as to minimize a dark current generated from the regulator. 8. The method of claim 7,
Wherein the second comparator determines that the battery is overdischarged when the second state voltage is lower than the overdischarge reference voltage.

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