CN114744238B - Fuel cell system and control method - Google Patents
Fuel cell system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114744238B CN114744238B CN202210429071.8A CN202210429071A CN114744238B CN 114744238 B CN114744238 B CN 114744238B CN 202210429071 A CN202210429071 A CN 202210429071A CN 114744238 B CN114744238 B CN 114744238B
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
- H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel cell system and a control method, wherein the fuel cell system comprises a pile module, a hydrogen supply system, an air supply system and a cooling system, tail exhaust gas discharged from an air outlet of the pile module is discharged after passing through a back pressure valve assembly, external air sequentially passes through an air filter, a flowmeter, an air compressor, an intercooler and a humidifier and is then sent to an air inlet of the pile module, the cooling system provides cooling liquid for the pile module and also provides cooling liquid for the intercooler so as to cool external input air once, the tail exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the pile module passes through the humidifier and then enters the back pressure valve assembly, and the tail exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the pile module is utilized to cool the external air flowing through the humidifier secondarily, so that the problem of energy recovery of the tail exhaust gas of the fuel cell system can be effectively solved, the power consumption of the cooling system can be effectively reduced, the service life of the cooling system is ensured, the cost is reduced, and the overall efficiency and the reliability of the fuel cell system are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a fuel cell system and a control method.
Background
The fuel cell is an energy conversion device for generating electric energy through electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, and has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, simple structure, low noise, no pollution and the like. Fuel cells generally require three auxiliary systems, a hydrogen supply system, an air supply system, and a cooling system. In the air supply system, in order to ensure the supply amount of air in the fuel cell stack, an air compressor is generally used to boost the air to improve the air supply efficiency, but the temperature of the air discharged from an outlet of the air compressor is as high as 170-180 ℃, and the required air inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack is generally not higher than 80 ℃. Therefore, before the high temperature air enters the fuel cell stack, an intercooler is generally required to cool the high temperature air to meet the air intake temperature requirement of the fuel cell stack. The intercooler reduces the high-temperature air of 170-180 ℃ discharged from the outlet of the air compressor to the temperature required by the fuel cell stack, so that the cooling power consumption in the cooling system or other power consumption is required to be consumed. In addition, the fuel cell can emit gas with higher pressure and temperature when in operation, and the gas with higher pressure and temperature than the atmosphere carries higher energy, and the gas can be directly discharged without any treatment on the tail gas, so that the energy of the part is wasted.
Therefore, it is necessary to design a fuel cell air supply system with energy recovery, in which an intercooler is not required to consume cooling power consumption in a cooling system, and the high-temperature air of 170-180 ℃ discharged from an outlet of an air compressor can be reduced to a temperature required by a fuel cell stack, and energy contained in tail gas of the fuel cell can be recovered.
In the prior art, most of air supply systems use a water-cooled intercooler, cooling liquid is introduced from a cooling system to enter the intercooler, heat exchange is carried out between the cooling liquid and high-temperature air at an outlet of an air compressor, and the temperature of the air at the outlet of the air compressor is reduced to the temperature required by a fuel cell stack.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fuel cell system and a control method, which can solve the technical problems that most of air supply systems in the prior art use a water-cooling intercooler, cooling liquid is introduced into the intercooler from a cooling system, heat exchange is carried out between the cooling liquid and high-temperature air at an outlet of an air compressor, the temperature of the air at the outlet of the air compressor is reduced to the temperature required by a fuel cell stack, the method reduces the cooling burden of the cooling system, increases the power consumption of a radiator in the cooling system, and reduces the service life and the cost of the cooling system.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme.
The invention aims to provide a fuel cell system, which comprises a fuel cell system controller, a pile module, a hydrogen supply system, an air supply system and a cooling system, wherein the output end of the air supply system is connected to an air inlet of the pile module to supply air for the pile module, tail exhaust gas discharged from an air outlet of the pile module is discharged after passing through a back pressure valve assembly, the fuel cell system controller controls the pile module, the hydrogen supply system, the air supply system and the cooling system to work, the air supply system comprises an air filter, a flowmeter, an air compressor, an intercooler and a humidifier, external air sequentially passes through the air filter, the flowmeter, the air compressor, the intercooler and the humidifier and then is sent to the air inlet of the pile module, and the cooling system supplies cooling liquid for the pile module and also supplies cooling liquid for the intercooler to cool external input air once, and the fuel cell system is characterized in that: the tail exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the electric pile module enters the back pressure valve assembly after passing through the humidifier, and the tail exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the electric pile module is utilized to carry out secondary cooling on the external air flowing through the humidifier.
The output end of the hydrogen supply system is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the electric pile module to supply hydrogen for the electric pile module, and the mixed gas discharged from the hydrogen outlet of the electric pile module is conveyed to the back pressure valve assembly through the partial gas separated by the water-vapor separator and then discharged from the back pressure valve assembly.
The pile module and the hydrogen supply system are arranged in a box body, a ventilation air outlet is formed in the box body, and mixed gas containing hydrogen leaked from the inside of the box body is conveyed to the back pressure valve assembly from the ventilation air outlet and then discharged from the back pressure valve assembly.
The gas discharged from the first gas outlet of the tail discharge connecting pipe is discharged after being treated by the silencer.
The back pressure valve assembly comprises a back pressure valve body, an air inlet connecting pipe and a tail row connecting pipe, wherein the air inlet connecting pipe and the tail row connecting pipe are respectively arranged at an air inlet port and an air outlet port of the back pressure valve body;
The tail exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the pile module enters the back pressure valve assembly after passing through the humidifier, the tail exhaust gas enters from the air inlet connecting pipe, and the tail exhaust gas after passing through the back pressure valve body is discharged from the first air outlet of the tail exhaust connecting pipe.
One end of the bypass pipe is provided with a second air inlet, the other end of the bypass pipe is provided with a second air outlet, the second air inlet of the bypass pipe is arranged outside the pipe body, and the second air outlet of the bypass pipe is arranged in the pipe body;
The output end of the water-vapor separator of the hydrogen supply system is connected with the second air inlet of the bypass pipe of the tail discharge pipe in the back pressure valve assembly, and part of separated gas enters from the second air inlet of the bypass pipe, is discharged from the second air outlet of the bypass pipe, enters into the tail discharge pipe, and is discharged from the first air outlet of the tail discharge pipe;
The ventilation gas outlet of the box body is connected with the second gas inlet of the bypass pipe of the tail discharge connecting pipe in the back pressure valve assembly, and the mixed gas containing hydrogen leaked from the inside of the box body enters the second gas inlet of the bypass pipe after being discharged from the ventilation gas outlet, then enters the tail discharge connecting pipe from the second gas outlet of the bypass pipe and is discharged from the first gas outlet of the tail discharge connecting pipe.
The air outlet direction of the second air outlet of the bypass pipe is led out along the air outlet direction of the pipe body.
The bypass pipe is welded on the pipe body to form an integrated structure.
Two bypass pipes are arranged on the surface of the pipe body, and the two bypass pipes are arranged on the surface of the pipe body.
The first air inlet edge of the pipe body is provided with the mounting flange, and the mounting flange of the pipe body is locked with the back pressure valve body through the screws.
A control method of a fuel cell system, characterized by: the fuel cell system is characterized in that a fuel cell system controller controls a pile module, a hydrogen supply system, an air supply system and a cooling system to work, the fuel cell system further comprises a temperature sensor, tail exhaust gas discharged from an air outlet of the pile module enters a back pressure valve assembly after passing through a humidifier, external air flowing through the humidifier is cooled secondarily by the tail exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the pile module and is discharged from the back pressure valve assembly, the temperature sensor is arranged at an air inlet of the pile module, the temperature sensor detects the air temperature at the air inlet of the pile module, the temperature sensor transmits detected temperature signals to the fuel cell system controller, and the external air sequentially passes through an air filter, a flowmeter, an air compressor, an intercooler and the humidifier;
When the temperature sensor detects that the air temperature of the input electric pile module is higher than a certain set temperature value T1, the fuel cell system controller controls the cooling system to increase the flow of cooling liquid input to the intercooler according to a temperature signal so as to improve the heat dissipation capacity of the intercooler, thereby adjusting the air temperature of the input electric pile module and ensuring that the air temperature of the input electric pile module meets the requirement;
When the temperature sensor detects that the air temperature of the input electric pile module is lower than a certain set temperature value T2, the fuel cell system controller controls the cooling system to reduce the cold liquid removal flow input to the intercooler according to the temperature signal so as to reduce the heat dissipation capacity of the intercooler, thereby adjusting the air temperature of the input electric pile module and ensuring that the air temperature of the input electric pile module meets the requirement;
the set temperature value T1 is larger than the set temperature value T2.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effects:
1) The invention provides a fuel cell system, including fuel cell system controller, pile module, hydrogen supply system, air supply system and cooling system, the output end of the air supply system is connected to the air inlet of pile module to supply air for pile module, the tail exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of pile module is discharged after passing through a back pressure valve component, the fuel cell system controller controls pile module, hydrogen supply system, air supply system and cooling system to work, the air supply system includes air filter, flowmeter, air compressor, intercooler and humidifier, the external air passes through air filter, flowmeter, air compressor, intercooler and humidifier in turn, then is sent to the air inlet of pile module, the cooling system provides cooling liquid for pile module, also provides cooling liquid for intercooler to cool the external input air once, characterized in that: the exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the electric pile module enters the back pressure valve assembly after passing through the humidifier, and the exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the electric pile module is utilized to carry out secondary cooling on the external air flowing through the humidifier, so that the problem of energy recovery of the exhaust gas of the fuel cell system can be effectively solved, the power consumption of a cooling system can be effectively reduced, the service life of the cooling system is ensured, the cost is reduced, and the overall efficiency and reliability of the fuel cell system are improved.
2) The back pressure valve component comprises a back pressure valve body, an air inlet connecting pipe and a tail exhaust connecting pipe, wherein the air inlet connecting pipe and the tail exhaust connecting pipe are respectively arranged at an air inlet port and an air outlet port of the back pressure valve body, the tail exhaust connecting pipe comprises a pipe body, one end of the pipe body is provided with a first air inlet, the other end of the pipe body is provided with a first air outlet, the first air inlet is communicated with the air outlet port of the back pressure valve body, at least one bypass pipe is arranged on the surface of the pipe body and is used for being connected with an external exhaust pipeline, and the bypass pipe is additionally arranged on the tail exhaust connecting pipe, so that the connection of connecting pipes and connectors is effectively reduced, the number of parts in the assembly process of a fuel cell system is reduced, the space is saved, the connection is simple, the cost is reduced, the overall efficiency and the reliability of the fuel cell system are improved, and the running risk of the fuel cell system is reduced.
3) The control method of the fuel cell system is simple in control and easy to realize, ensures that the fuel cell system normally operates in an optimal temperature range, saves energy, can effectively improve the efficiency of the fuel cell system, fully utilizes tail exhaust gas discharged from an air outlet of a pile module to cool the external air flowing through a humidifier for the second time, reduces the load of a cooling system and improves the energy efficiency.
4) Other advantages of the present invention are described in detail in the examples section.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an air supply system in a fuel cell system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen supply system in a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a case structure in a fuel cell system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a control schematic diagram of a fuel cell system controller in a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a heel row adapter provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a heel row adapter provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below by means of specific embodiments in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment one:
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, a fuel cell system comprising a fuel cell system controller, a stack module 5, a hydrogen supply system, an air supply system and a cooling system, wherein an output end of the air supply system is connected to an air inlet of the stack module 5 to supply air to the stack module 5, tail exhaust gas discharged from an air outlet of the stack module 5 is discharged after passing through a back pressure valve assembly, the fuel cell system controller controls the stack module 5, the hydrogen supply system, the air supply system and the cooling system to operate, the air supply system comprises an air filter, a flowmeter, an air compressor, an intercooler and a humidifier, external air passes through the air filter, the flowmeter, the air compressor, the intercooler and the humidifier in sequence and is then supplied to an air inlet of the stack module 5, and the cooling system supplies cooling liquid to the stack module 5 and also supplies cooling liquid to the intercooler to cool the external input air once, characterized in that: the exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the electric pile module 5 enters the back pressure valve assembly after passing through the humidifier, and the exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the electric pile module 5 is utilized to carry out secondary cooling on the external air flowing through the humidifier, so that the problem of energy recovery of the exhaust gas of the fuel cell system can be effectively solved, the power consumption of a cooling system can be effectively reduced, the service life of the cooling system is ensured, the cost is reduced, and the overall efficiency and reliability of the fuel cell system are improved.
The output end of the hydrogen supply system is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the electric pile module 5 to supply hydrogen for the electric pile module 5, and part of gas separated by the water-vapor separator from the mixed gas discharged from the hydrogen outlet of the electric pile module 5 is conveyed to the back pressure valve assembly and then discharged from the back pressure valve assembly.
The above-mentioned pile module 5 and hydrogen supply system are mounted in a box body 4, on the box body 4 a ventilation air outlet 41 is set, and the mixed gas containing hydrogen leaked from interior of box body 4 is fed into the back pressure valve component from ventilation air outlet 41, then discharged from back pressure valve component.
The gas discharged from the first gas outlet 312 of the tail gas discharging pipe 3 is discharged after being treated by the muffler, so that the overall noise of the fuel cell system is effectively reduced.
The back pressure valve assembly comprises a back pressure valve body 1, an air inlet connecting pipe 2 and a tail exhaust connecting pipe 3, wherein the air inlet connecting pipe 2 and the tail exhaust connecting pipe 3 are respectively arranged at an air inlet port and an air outlet port of the back pressure valve body 1, the tail exhaust connecting pipe 3 comprises a pipe body 31, one end of the pipe body 31 is provided with a first air inlet 311, the other end of the pipe body is provided with a first air outlet 312, the first air inlet 311 is communicated with the air outlet port of the back pressure valve body 1, at least one bypass pipe 32 is arranged on the surface of the pipe body 31, the bypass pipe 32 is used for being connected with an external exhaust pipeline, and by adding the bypass pipe structural arrangement to the tail exhaust connecting pipe, the number of connecting pipes and connectors can be effectively reduced, the number of parts during the assembly of a fuel cell system can be reduced, the connection is simple, the cost is reduced, the integral efficiency and the reliability of the fuel cell system are improved, and the running risk of the fuel cell system is reduced;
The tail exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the pile module 5 passes through the humidifier and then enters the back pressure valve assembly, the tail exhaust gas enters from the air inlet connecting pipe 2, and the tail exhaust gas passing through the back pressure valve body 1 is discharged from the first air outlet 312 of the tail exhaust connecting pipe 3.
The second air inlet 321 is arranged at one end of the bypass pipe 32, the second air outlet 322 is arranged at the other end of the bypass pipe 32, the second air inlet 321 of the bypass pipe 32 is arranged outside the pipe body 31, the second air outlet 322 of the bypass pipe 32 is arranged in the pipe body 31, when the bypass pipe 32 is connected by an external pipeline, external air enters from the second air inlet 321 of the bypass pipe, is discharged from the second air outlet 322 of the bypass pipe 32 into the pipe body 31, and is discharged together with tail exhaust discharged by the tail discharge pipe, so that other unnecessary pipelines and joints can be reduced, and the cost is reduced;
The output end of the water vapor separator of the hydrogen supply system is connected with the second air inlet 321 of the bypass pipe 32 of the tail discharge connecting pipe 3 in the back pressure valve assembly, separated partial gas enters from the second air inlet 321 of the bypass pipe, is discharged from the second air outlet 322 of the bypass pipe 32 into the tail discharge connecting pipe and is discharged from the first air outlet 312 of the tail discharge connecting pipe 3, the air outlet A in FIG. 2 is communicated with the air inlet A in FIG. 1, and the separated partial gas is discharged from the tail discharge connecting pipe 3 together through the bypass pipe 32, so that the safe operation of the fuel cell is ensured, and the integral efficiency and reliability of the fuel cell system are improved;
The ventilation outlet 41 of the box 4 is connected with the second air inlet 321 of the bypass pipe 32 of the tail discharge pipe 3 in the back pressure valve assembly, the mixed gas containing hydrogen leaked from the inside of the box 4 enters the second air inlet 321 of the bypass pipe 32 after being discharged from the ventilation outlet 41, then is discharged from the second air outlet 322 of the bypass pipe 32 into the tail discharge pipe 3 and is discharged from the first air outlet 312 of the tail discharge pipe 3, the ventilation outlet 41 in fig. 3 is the B air outlet communicated with the B air inlet in fig. 1, and the mixed gas containing hydrogen in the box 4 is discharged from the tail discharge pipe 3 together through the bypass pipe 32, so that the safe operation of the fuel cell system is ensured, and the integral efficiency and reliability of the fuel cell system are improved.
The air outlet direction of the second air outlet 322 of the bypass pipe 32 is led out along the air outlet direction of the pipe body 31, so that a plurality of air flows are converged and discharged together, and the reverse flow of the air can be prevented.
The bypass pipe 32 is welded on the pipe body 31 to form an integrated structure, and the structural arrangement is reasonable, so that the tightness of the tail row connecting pipes is ensured.
The two bypass pipes 32 are arranged on the surface of the pipe body 31, and the two bypass pipes 32 are arranged on the surface of the pipe body 31, so that the connection of external exhaust pipelines is facilitated, and the structural arrangement is reasonable.
The edge of the first air inlet 311 of the pipe body 31 is provided with the mounting flange 310, and the mounting flange 310 of the pipe body 31 is locked with the back pressure valve body 1 through screws, so that the connected pipelines and joints are reduced, and the cost is saved.
Embodiment two:
A control method of a fuel cell system, characterized by: the fuel cell system is the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment, the fuel cell system controller controls the operation of the electric pile module 5, the hydrogen supply system, the air supply system and the cooling system, the fuel cell system further comprises a temperature sensor 6, the tail exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the electric pile module 5 enters the back pressure valve assembly after passing through the humidifier, the tail exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the electric pile module 5 is utilized to cool the outside air flowing through the humidifier for the second time, the tail exhaust gas is discharged from the back pressure valve assembly, the air inlet of the electric pile module 5 is provided with the temperature sensor 6, the temperature sensor 6 detects the air temperature at the air inlet of the electric pile module 5, the temperature sensor 6 transmits the detected temperature signal to the fuel cell system controller, and the outside air sequentially passes through the air filter, the flowmeter, the air compressor, the intercooler and the humidifier;
When the temperature sensor 6 detects that the air temperature of the input electric pile module 5 is higher than a certain set temperature value T1, the fuel cell system controller controls the cooling system to increase the flow of the cooling liquid input to the intercooler according to the temperature signal so as to improve the heat dissipation capacity of the intercooler, thereby adjusting the air temperature of the input electric pile module 5 and ensuring that the air temperature of the input electric pile module 5 meets the requirement;
When the temperature sensor 6 detects that the air temperature of the input electric pile module 5 is lower than a certain set temperature value T2, the fuel cell system controller controls the cooling system to reduce the flow of cold liquid to be input into the intercooler according to a temperature signal so as to reduce the heat dissipation capacity of the intercooler, thereby adjusting the air temperature of the input electric pile module 5 and ensuring that the air temperature of the input electric pile module 5 reaches the requirement;
the set temperature value T1 is larger than the set temperature value T2.
The control method of the fuel cell system is simple in control and easy to realize, ensures that the fuel cell system normally operates in an optimal temperature range, saves energy, can effectively improve the efficiency of the fuel cell system, fully utilizes tail exhaust gas discharged from an air outlet of a pile module to cool the external air flowing through a humidifier for the second time, reduces the load of a cooling system and improves the energy efficiency.
The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A fuel cell system comprising a fuel cell system controller, a stack module (5), a hydrogen supply system, an air supply system and a cooling system, wherein an output end of the air supply system is connected to an air inlet of the stack module (5) to supply air to the stack module (5), tail exhaust gas discharged from an air outlet of the stack module (5) is discharged after passing through a back pressure valve assembly, the fuel cell system controller controls the stack module (5), the hydrogen supply system, the air supply system and the cooling system to operate, the air supply system comprises an air filter, a flowmeter, an air compressor, an intercooler and a humidifier, external air sequentially passes through the air filter, the flowmeter, the air compressor, the intercooler and the humidifier and is then supplied to an air inlet of the stack module (5), and the cooling system supplies cooling liquid to the stack module (5) and also supplies cooling liquid to the intercooler to cool external input air once, characterized in that: the tail exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the electric pile module (5) enters the back pressure valve assembly after passing through the humidifier, and the tail exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the electric pile module (5) is utilized to carry out secondary cooling on the external air flowing through the humidifier;
The back pressure valve assembly comprises a back pressure valve body (1), an air inlet connecting pipe (2) and a tail exhaust connecting pipe (3), wherein the air inlet connecting pipe (2) and the tail exhaust connecting pipe (3) are respectively arranged at an air inlet port and an air outlet port of the back pressure valve body (1), the tail exhaust connecting pipe (3) comprises a pipe body (31), one end of the pipe body (31) is provided with a first air inlet (311), the other end of the pipe body is provided with a first air outlet (312), the first air inlet (311) is communicated with the air outlet port of the back pressure valve body (1), at least one bypass pipe (32) is arranged on the surface of the pipe body (31), and the bypass pipe (32) is used for connecting an external air exhaust pipeline;
Tail exhaust gas discharged from an air outlet of the galvanic pile module (5) enters the back pressure valve assembly after passing through the humidifier, the tail exhaust gas enters from the air inlet connecting pipe (2), and the tail exhaust gas after passing through the back pressure valve body (1) is discharged from a first air outlet (312) of the tail exhaust connecting pipe (3);
the output end of the water-vapor separator of the hydrogen supply system is connected with a second air inlet (321) of a bypass pipe (32) of a tail discharge connecting pipe (3) in the back pressure valve assembly, and part of separated gas enters from the second air inlet (321) of the bypass pipe, is discharged from a second air outlet (322) of the bypass pipe (32) to enter the tail discharge connecting pipe, and is discharged from a first air outlet (312) of the tail discharge connecting pipe (3);
The pile module (5) and the hydrogen supply system are arranged in a box body (4), a ventilation air outlet (41) is arranged on the box body (4), and mixed gas containing hydrogen leaked from the inside of the box body (4) is conveyed to the back pressure valve assembly from the ventilation air outlet (41) and then is discharged from the back pressure valve assembly;
The ventilation gas outlet (41) of the box body (4) is connected with the second gas inlet (321) of the bypass pipe (32) of the tail discharge connecting pipe (3) in the back pressure valve assembly, the mixed gas containing hydrogen leaked from the inside of the box body (4) enters the second gas inlet (321) of the bypass pipe (32) after being discharged from the ventilation gas outlet (41), then is discharged from the second gas outlet (322) of the bypass pipe (32) to enter the tail discharge connecting pipe (3), and is discharged from the first gas outlet (312) of the tail discharge connecting pipe (3).
2. A fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein: the output end of the hydrogen supply system is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the electric pile module (5) to supply hydrogen for the electric pile module (5), and the mixed gas discharged from the hydrogen outlet of the electric pile module (5) is conveyed to the back pressure valve assembly through partial gas separated by the water-vapor separator and then discharged from the back pressure valve assembly.
3. A fuel cell system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the air outlet direction of the second air outlet (322) of the bypass pipe (32) is led out along the air outlet direction of the pipe body (31).
4. A fuel cell system according to claim 3, wherein: the gas discharged from the first gas outlet (312) of the tail discharge connecting pipe (3) is discharged after being treated by the silencer.
5. A fuel cell system according to claim 4, wherein: the bypass pipe (32) is welded to the pipe body (31) to form an integrated structure.
6. A fuel cell system according to claim 5, wherein: two bypass pipes (32) are arranged on the surface of the pipe body (31), and the two bypass pipes (32) are arranged on the surface of the pipe body (31).
7. A fuel cell system according to claim 6, wherein: the edge of the first air inlet (311) of the pipe body (31) is provided with a mounting flange (310), and the mounting flange (310) of the pipe body (31) is locked with the back pressure valve body (1) through screws.
8. A control method of a fuel cell system, characterized by: the fuel cell system is any one of the fuel cell systems according to claims 1 to 7, the fuel cell system controller controls the operation of the electric pile module (5), the hydrogen supply system, the air supply system and the cooling system, the fuel cell system further comprises a temperature sensor (6), the tail exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the electric pile module (5) enters the back pressure valve assembly after passing through the humidifier, the tail exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the electric pile module (5) is utilized to secondarily cool the external air flowing through the humidifier and is discharged from the back pressure valve assembly, the temperature sensor (6) is arranged at the air inlet of the electric pile module (5), the temperature sensor (6) detects the air temperature at the air inlet of the electric pile module (5), the temperature sensor (6) transmits the detected temperature signal to the fuel cell system controller, and the external air sequentially passes through the air filter, the flowmeter, the air compressor, the intercooler and the humidifier;
When the temperature sensor (6) detects that the air temperature of the input electric pile module (5) is higher than a certain set temperature value T1, the fuel cell system controller controls the cooling system to increase the flow of cooling liquid input to the intercooler according to a temperature signal so as to improve the heat dissipation capacity of the intercooler, thereby adjusting the air temperature of the input electric pile module (5) and ensuring that the air temperature of the input electric pile module (5) reaches the requirement;
When the temperature sensor (6) detects that the air temperature of the input electric pile module (5) is lower than a certain set temperature value T2, the fuel cell system controller controls the cooling system to reduce the cold liquid removal flow input to the intercooler according to a temperature signal so as to reduce the heat dissipation capacity of the intercooler, thereby adjusting the air temperature of the input electric pile module (5) and ensuring that the air temperature of the input electric pile module (5) meets the requirement;
the set temperature value T1 is larger than the set temperature value T2.
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| CN116053521A (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-05-02 | 北京重理能源科技有限公司 | Fuel cell air supply system and method |
| CN116779909B (en) * | 2023-04-18 | 2024-04-30 | 雄川氢能科技(广州)有限责任公司 | Air supply system of fuel cell |
| CN117393796B (en) * | 2023-12-13 | 2024-03-01 | 武汉雄韬氢雄燃料电池科技有限公司 | Fuel cell system with dual cooling mode |
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