CN114744238A - Fuel cell system and control method - Google Patents
Fuel cell system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114744238A CN114744238A CN202210429071.8A CN202210429071A CN114744238A CN 114744238 A CN114744238 A CN 114744238A CN 202210429071 A CN202210429071 A CN 202210429071A CN 114744238 A CN114744238 A CN 114744238A
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
- H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel cell system and a control method, comprising a pile module, a hydrogen supply system, an air supply system and a cooling system, tail exhaust gas discharged from an air outlet of the pile module is discharged after passing through a backpressure valve component, external air sequentially passes through an air filter, a flowmeter, an air compressor, an intercooler and a humidifier and then is sent to an air inlet of the pile module, the cooling system provides cooling liquid for the pile module and also provides cooling liquid for the intercooler so as to carry out primary cooling on external input air, tail exhaust gas discharged from an air outlet of the pile module enters the backpressure valve component after passing through the humidifier, and tail exhaust gas discharged from an air outlet of the pile module is utilized to carry out secondary cooling on the external air flowing through the humidifier, so that the problem of tail exhaust gas energy recovery of the fuel cell system can be effectively solved, and the power consumption of the cooling system can be effectively reduced, the service life of the cooling system is ensured, the cost is reduced, and the overall efficiency and reliability of the fuel cell system are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fuel cell system and a control method.
Background
The fuel cell is an energy conversion device which generates electric energy through the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen and has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, simple structure, low noise, no pollution and the like. Fuel cells generally require three major auxiliary systems, a hydrogen supply system, an air supply system, and a cooling system. In the air supply system, in order to ensure the supply amount of air in the fuel cell stack, an air compressor is generally used for pressurizing the air to improve the air supply efficiency, but the temperature of the air discharged from an outlet of the air compressor is as high as 170-180 ℃, and the required inlet air temperature of the fuel cell stack is generally not higher than 80 ℃. Therefore, before the high-temperature air enters the fuel cell stack, an intercooler is generally used for cooling the high-temperature air so as to meet the air inlet temperature requirement of the fuel cell stack. The intercooler reduces the 170-180 ℃ high-temperature air discharged from the outlet of the air compressor to the temperature required by the fuel cell stack, so that the cooling power consumption in the cooling system or other power consumption needs to be consumed. In addition, the fuel cell will discharge gas with higher pressure and temperature when operating, and this part of gas with higher pressure and temperature than the atmosphere carries higher energy and is usually discharged directly without any treatment of the tail gas, so this part of energy will be wasted uselessly.
Therefore, it is necessary to design a fuel cell air supply system with energy recovery, in which an intercooler in the air supply system does not need to consume cooling power in the cooling system, and can also reduce the 170-180 ℃ high-temperature air discharged from the outlet of the air compressor to the temperature required by the fuel cell stack, and can recover the energy contained in the tail gas of the fuel cell.
In the prior art, most of an air supply system utilizes a water-cooled intercooler, cooling liquid is introduced from a cooling system and enters the intercooler to exchange heat with high-temperature air at an outlet of an air compressor, and the temperature of the air at the outlet of the air compressor is reduced to the temperature required by a fuel cell stack.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fuel cell system and a control method, which can solve the technical problems that most of air supply systems in the prior art use a water-cooled intercooler, cooling liquid is introduced from a cooling system and enters the intercooler to exchange heat with high-temperature air at the outlet of an air compressor, and the temperature of the air at the outlet of the air compressor is reduced to the temperature required by a fuel cell stack.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention aims to provide a fuel cell system, which comprises a fuel cell system controller, a stack module, a hydrogen supply system, an air supply system and a cooling system, wherein the output end of the air supply system is connected to an air inlet of the stack module to supply air for the stack module, tail exhaust gas discharged from an air outlet of the stack module is discharged after passing through a backpressure valve assembly, the fuel cell system controller controls the stack module, the hydrogen supply system, the air supply system and the cooling system to work, the air supply system comprises an air filter, a flow meter, an air compressor, an intercooler and a humidifier, external air sequentially passes through the air filter, the flow meter, the air compressor, the intercooler and the humidifier and then is sent to the air inlet of the stack module, the cooling system supplies cooling liquid for the stack module and also supplies cooling liquid for the intercooler so as to carry out primary cooling on external input air, the method is characterized in that: tail exhaust gas discharged from an air outlet of the pile module passes through the humidifier and then enters the backpressure valve assembly, and the tail exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the pile module is used for carrying out secondary cooling on external air flowing through the humidifier.
The output end of the hydrogen supply system is connected to a hydrogen inlet of the pile module to provide hydrogen for the pile module, and part of gas separated by the water-vapor separator of the mixed gas discharged from a hydrogen outlet of the pile module is conveyed to the back pressure valve assembly and then discharged from the back pressure valve assembly.
The pile module and the hydrogen supply system are arranged in a box body, a ventilation air outlet is arranged on the box body, and the mixed gas containing hydrogen leaked from the interior of the box body is conveyed to the backpressure valve component from the ventilation air outlet and then is discharged from the backpressure valve component.
And the gas discharged from the first gas outlet of the tail discharge pipe is treated by a silencer and then discharged.
The back pressure valve assembly comprises a back pressure valve body, an air inlet connecting pipe and a tail exhaust connecting pipe, the air inlet connecting pipe and the tail exhaust connecting pipe are respectively arranged at an air inlet port and an air outlet port of the back pressure valve body, the tail exhaust connecting pipe comprises a pipe body, one end of the pipe body is provided with a first air inlet, the other end of the pipe body is provided with a first air outlet, the first air inlet is communicated with the air outlet port of the back pressure valve body, the surface of the pipe body is at least provided with a bypass pipe, and the bypass pipe is used for being connected with an external exhaust pipeline;
the tail exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the pile module enters the backpressure valve assembly after passing through the humidifier, enters from the air inlet connecting pipe, and is discharged from the first air outlet of the tail exhaust connecting pipe after passing through the backpressure valve body.
One end of the bypass pipe is provided with a second air inlet, the other end of the bypass pipe is provided with a second air outlet, the second air inlet of the bypass pipe is arranged outside the pipe body, and the second air outlet of the bypass pipe is arranged in the pipe body;
the output end of a water-vapor separator of the hydrogen supply system is connected with a second air inlet of a bypass pipe of a tail discharge connecting pipe in the backpressure valve assembly, and part of separated gas enters from the second air inlet of the bypass pipe, is discharged from a second air outlet of the bypass pipe, enters into the tail discharge connecting pipe and is discharged from a first air outlet of the tail discharge connecting pipe;
and a ventilation air outlet of the box body is connected with a second air inlet of a bypass pipe of the tail discharge connecting pipe in the backpressure valve assembly, and the mixed gas containing hydrogen leaked inside the box body enters the second air inlet of the bypass pipe after being discharged from the ventilation air outlet, is discharged from a second air outlet of the bypass pipe, enters the tail discharge connecting pipe and is discharged from a first air outlet of the tail discharge connecting pipe.
The air outlet direction of the second air outlet of the bypass pipe is led out along the air outlet direction of the pipe body.
The bypass pipe is welded on the pipe body to form an integrated structure.
Two bypass pipes are arranged on the surface of the pipe body, and the two bypass pipes are arranged on the surface of the pipe body.
The aforesaid be located the first air inlet edge of body be provided with mounting flange, lock through the screw between mounting flange and the backpressure valve body of body.
A control method of a fuel cell system, characterized in that: the fuel cell system is the fuel cell system, the fuel cell system controller controls the stack module, the hydrogen supply system, the air supply system and the cooling system to work, the fuel cell system also comprises a temperature sensor, tail exhaust gas discharged from an air outlet of the stack module enters the backpressure valve assembly after passing through the humidifier, secondary cooling is carried out on external air flowing through the humidifier by utilizing the tail exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the stack module and is discharged from the backpressure valve assembly, a temperature sensor is arranged at an air inlet of the stack module and detects the air temperature at the air inlet of the stack module, the temperature sensor transmits a detected temperature signal to the fuel cell system controller, and the external air sequentially passes through an air filter, a flow meter, an air compressor, an intercooler and the humidifier;
when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the air input into the electric pile module is higher than a certain set temperature value T1, the fuel cell system controller controls the cooling system to increase the flow of the cooling liquid input into the intercooler according to the temperature signal so as to improve the heat dissipation capacity of the intercooler, thereby adjusting the temperature of the air input into the electric pile module and ensuring that the temperature of the air input into the electric pile module meets the requirement;
when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the air input into the electric pile module is lower than a certain set temperature value T2, the fuel cell system controller controls the cooling system to reduce the flow of the cold liquid input into the intercooler according to the temperature signal so as to reduce the heat dissipation capacity of the intercooler, thereby adjusting the temperature of the air input into the electric pile module and ensuring that the temperature of the air input into the electric pile module meets the requirement;
the set temperature value T1 is greater than the set temperature value T2.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effects:
1) the invention provides a fuel cell system, which comprises a fuel cell system controller, a stack module, a hydrogen supply system, an air supply system and a cooling system, wherein the output end of the air supply system is connected to an air inlet of the stack module to provide air for the stack module, tail exhaust gas exhausted from an air outlet of the stack module is exhausted after passing through a backpressure valve assembly, the fuel cell system controller controls the stack module, the hydrogen supply system, the air supply system and the cooling system to work, the air supply system comprises an air filter, a flow meter, an air compressor, an intercooler and a humidifier, external air sequentially passes through the air filter, the flow meter, the air compressor, the intercooler and the humidifier and then is sent to the air inlet of the stack module, the cooling system provides cooling liquid for the stack module and also provides cooling liquid for the intercooler so as to carry out primary cooling on external input air, the method is characterized in that: the tail exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the electric pile module enters the backpressure valve assembly after passing through the humidifier, and the tail exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the electric pile module is used for carrying out secondary cooling on the external air flowing through the humidifier, so that the problem of tail exhaust energy recovery of a fuel cell system can be effectively solved, the power consumption of the cooling system can be effectively reduced, the service life of the cooling system is ensured, the cost is reduced, and the overall efficiency and reliability of the fuel cell system are improved.
2) The back pressure valve component comprises a back pressure valve body, an air inlet connecting pipe and a tail exhaust connecting pipe, wherein the air inlet connecting pipe and the tail exhaust connecting pipe are respectively arranged at an air inlet port and an air outlet port of the back pressure valve body, the tail exhaust connecting pipe comprises a pipe body, one end of the pipe body is provided with a first air inlet, the other end of the pipe body is provided with a first air outlet, the first air inlet is communicated with the air outlet port of the back pressure valve body, the surface of the pipe body is provided with at least one bypass pipe, the bypass pipe is used for being connected with an external exhaust pipeline, the structural arrangement of the bypass pipe is added on the tail exhaust connecting pipe, the connection of the connecting pipeline and a connector is effectively reduced, the number of parts during the assembly of a fuel cell system can be reduced, the space is saved, the connection is simple, the cost is reduced, the integral efficiency and reliability of the fuel cell system are improved, and the operation risk of the fuel cell system is reduced.
3) The control method of the fuel cell system is simple to control and easy to realize, ensures that the fuel cell system normally operates in the optimal temperature range, saves energy, can effectively improve the efficiency of the fuel cell system, fully utilizes tail exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the stack module to carry out secondary cooling on external air flowing through the humidifier, reduces the load of a cooling system and improves the energy efficiency.
4) Other advantages of the present invention are described in detail in the examples section.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an air supply system in a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen supply system in a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a tank in a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a control schematic diagram of a fuel cell system controller in a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a tail pipe according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a tail adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to 8, a fuel cell system includes a fuel cell system controller, a stack module 5, a hydrogen supply system, an air supply system and a cooling system, wherein an output end of the air supply system is connected to an air inlet of the stack module 5 to supply air to the stack module 5, exhaust gas discharged from an air outlet of the stack module 5 is discharged through a back pressure valve assembly, the fuel cell system controller controls the stack module 5, the hydrogen supply system, the air supply system and the cooling system to operate, the air supply system includes an air filter, a flow meter, an air compressor, an intercooler and a humidifier, external air passes through the air filter, the flow meter, the air compressor, the intercooler and the humidifier in sequence and then is sent to the air inlet of the stack module 5, the cooling system supplies cooling liquid to the stack module 5 and also supplies cooling liquid to the intercooler so as to primarily cool external input air, the method is characterized in that: the tail exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the electric pile module 5 enters the backpressure valve assembly after passing through the humidifier, and the tail exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the electric pile module 5 is used for carrying out secondary cooling on the external air flowing through the humidifier, so that the problem of tail exhaust energy recovery of a fuel cell system can be effectively solved, the power consumption of the cooling system can be effectively reduced, the service life of the cooling system is ensured, the cost is reduced, and the overall efficiency and reliability of the fuel cell system are improved.
The output end of the hydrogen supply system is connected to a hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile module 5 to provide hydrogen for the galvanic pile module 5, and part of gas separated by the water-vapor separator of the mixed gas discharged from the hydrogen outlet of the galvanic pile module 5 is conveyed to the back pressure valve component and then discharged from the back pressure valve component.
The pile module 5 and the hydrogen supply system are arranged in a box body 4, a ventilation air outlet 41 is arranged on the box body 4, and the mixed gas containing hydrogen leaked in the box body 4 is conveyed to the back pressure valve assembly from the ventilation air outlet 41 and then is discharged from the back pressure valve assembly.
The gas discharged from the first gas outlet 312 of the tail exhaust pipe 3 is treated by a silencer and then discharged, so that the overall noise of the fuel cell system is effectively reduced.
The back pressure valve component comprises a back pressure valve body 1, an air inlet connecting pipe 2 and a tail exhaust connecting pipe 3, wherein the air inlet connecting pipe 2 and the tail exhaust connecting pipe 3 are respectively arranged at an air inlet port and an air outlet port of the back pressure valve body 1, the tail exhaust connecting pipe 3 comprises a pipe body 31, one end of the pipe body 31 is provided with a first air inlet 311, the other end of the pipe body 31 is provided with a first air outlet 312, the first air inlet 311 is communicated with the air outlet port of the back pressure valve body 1, the surface of the pipe body 31 is provided with at least one bypass pipe 32, the bypass pipe 32 is used for connecting with an external exhaust pipeline, and by adding a bypass pipe structural arrangement on the tail exhaust connecting pipe, the connection between the connecting pipeline and a connector is effectively reduced, the number of parts during the assembly of a fuel cell system can be reduced, the space is saved, the connection is simple, the cost is reduced, the integral efficiency and reliability of the fuel cell system are improved, and the operation risk of the fuel cell system is reduced;
the tail exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the stack module 5 enters the backpressure valve assembly after passing through the humidifier, the tail exhaust gas enters from the air inlet connecting pipe 2, and the tail exhaust gas passing through the backpressure valve body 1 is discharged from the first air outlet 312 of the tail exhaust connecting pipe 3.
One end of the bypass pipe 32 is provided with a second air inlet 321, the other end of the bypass pipe 32 is provided with a second air outlet 322, the second air inlet 321 of the bypass pipe 32 is arranged outside the pipe body 31, the second air outlet 322 of the bypass pipe 32 is arranged in the pipe body 31, when the bypass pipe 32 is connected by an external pipeline, external air enters from the second air inlet 321 of the bypass pipe, is discharged from the second air outlet 322 of the bypass pipe 32 into the pipe body 31, and is discharged together with tail exhaust gas discharged by the tail exhaust pipe, so that other unnecessary pipelines and joints can be reduced, and the cost is reduced;
the output end of a water-vapor separator of the hydrogen supply system is connected with a second gas inlet 321 of a bypass pipe 32 of a tail exhaust pipe 3 in a backpressure valve assembly, a part of separated gas enters from the second gas inlet 321 of the bypass pipe, then is discharged from a second gas outlet 322 of the bypass pipe 32, enters into the tail exhaust pipe, and is discharged from a first gas outlet 312 of the tail exhaust pipe 3, a gas outlet A in the graph 2 is communicated with a gas inlet A in the graph 1, and the separated part of gas is discharged from the tail exhaust pipe 3 together through the bypass pipe 32, so that the safe operation of the fuel cell is ensured, and the integral efficiency and reliability of the fuel cell system are improved;
the ventilation air outlet 41 of the box body 4 is connected with the second air inlet 321 of the bypass pipe 32 of the tail exhaust pipe 3 in the backpressure valve assembly, the mixed gas containing hydrogen leaked inside the box body 4 is discharged from the ventilation air outlet 41 and then enters the second air inlet 321 of the bypass pipe 32, then is discharged from the second air outlet 322 of the bypass pipe 32 and enters the tail exhaust pipe 3, and then is discharged from the first air outlet 312 of the tail exhaust pipe 3, the ventilation air outlet 41 in fig. 3 is a gas outlet B which is communicated with a gas inlet B in fig. 1, and the mixed gas containing hydrogen inside the box body 4 is discharged from the tail exhaust pipe 3 together through the bypass pipe 32, so that the safe operation of the fuel cell system is ensured, and the overall efficiency and reliability of the fuel cell system are improved.
The outlet direction of the second outlet 322 of the bypass pipe 32 is led out along the outlet direction of the pipe body 31, so that a plurality of air flows can be conveniently merged and discharged together, and the backflow of the air can be prevented.
The bypass pipe 32 is welded on the pipe body 31 to form an integrated structure, the structural arrangement is reasonable, and the sealing performance of the tail discharge pipe is ensured.
The surface of the pipe body 31 is provided with the two bypass pipes 32, and the two bypass pipes 32 are arranged on the surface of the pipe body 31, so that the connection of an external exhaust pipeline is facilitated, and the structural arrangement is reasonable.
The mounting flange 310 is arranged at the edge of the first air inlet 311 of the pipe body 31, and the mounting flange 310 of the pipe body 31 is locked with the backpressure valve body 1 through screws, so that connecting pipelines and joints are reduced, and the cost is saved.
Example two:
a control method of a fuel cell system, characterized in that: the fuel cell system is a fuel cell system described in the first embodiment, the fuel cell system controller controls the operation of the stack module 5, the hydrogen supply system, the air supply system and the cooling system, the fuel cell system further comprises a temperature sensor 6, tail exhaust gas discharged from an air outlet of the stack module 5 enters the backpressure valve assembly after passing through the humidifier, secondary cooling is performed on external air flowing through the humidifier by using the tail exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the stack module 5, the external air is discharged from the backpressure valve assembly, a temperature sensor 6 is arranged at an air inlet of the stack module 5, the temperature sensor 6 detects the air temperature at the air inlet of the stack module 5, the temperature sensor 6 transmits a detected temperature signal to the fuel cell system controller, and the external air sequentially passes through an air filter, a flow meter, an air compressor, an intercooler and the humidifier;
when the temperature sensor 6 detects that the temperature of the air input into the stack module 5 is higher than a certain set temperature value T1, the fuel cell system controller controls the cooling system to increase the flow of the cooling liquid input into the intercooler according to the temperature signal to improve the heat dissipation capacity of the intercooler, so that the temperature of the air input into the stack module 5 is adjusted, and the temperature of the air input into the stack module 5 is ensured to meet the requirement;
when the temperature sensor 6 detects that the temperature of the air input into the electric pile module 5 is lower than a certain set temperature value T2, the fuel cell system controller controls the cooling system to reduce the flow of the cold liquid input into the intercooler according to the temperature signal so as to reduce the heat dissipation capacity of the intercooler, thereby adjusting the temperature of the air input into the electric pile module 5 and ensuring that the temperature of the air input into the electric pile module 5 meets the requirement;
the set temperature value T1 is greater than the set temperature value T2.
The control method of the fuel cell system is simple to control and easy to realize, ensures that the fuel cell system normally operates in the optimal temperature range, saves energy, can effectively improve the efficiency of the fuel cell system, fully utilizes tail exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the stack module to carry out secondary cooling on external air flowing through the humidifier, reduces the load of a cooling system and improves the energy efficiency.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, simplifications, which are made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention, are all equivalent replacements within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell system controller, a stack module (5), a hydrogen supply system, an air supply system and a cooling system, wherein the output end of the air supply system is connected to an air inlet of the stack module (5) to provide air for the stack module (5), tail exhaust gas exhausted from an air outlet of the stack module (5) is exhausted after passing through a backpressure valve assembly, the fuel cell system controller controls the stack module (5), the hydrogen supply system, the air supply system and the cooling system to work, the air supply system comprises an air filter, a flow meter, an air compressor, an intercooler and a humidifier, external air sequentially passes through the air filter, the flow meter, the air compressor, the intercooler and the humidifier and then is sent to the air inlet of the stack module (5), the cooling system provides cooling liquid for the stack module (5) and also provides cooling liquid for the intercooler so as to carry out primary cooling on external input air, the method is characterized in that: and tail exhaust gas discharged from an air outlet of the pile module (5) enters the backpressure valve assembly after passing through the humidifier, and the tail exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the pile module (5) is used for carrying out secondary cooling on external air flowing through the humidifier.
2. A fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the output end of the hydrogen supply system is connected to a hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile module (5) to supply hydrogen for the galvanic pile module (5), and part of gas separated by a water-vapor separator of mixed gas discharged from a hydrogen outlet of the galvanic pile module (5) is conveyed to the back pressure valve component and then discharged from the back pressure valve component.
3. A fuel cell system according to claim 2, wherein: the pile module (5) and the hydrogen supply system are installed in a box body (4), a ventilation air outlet (41) is formed in the box body (4), and mixed gas containing hydrogen leaked from the inside of the box body (4) is conveyed to the back pressure valve assembly from the ventilation air outlet (41) and then is discharged from the back pressure valve assembly.
4. A fuel cell system according to claim 3, wherein: and the gas discharged from the first gas outlet (312) of the tail discharge pipe (3) is treated by a silencer and then discharged.
5. A fuel cell system according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, wherein: the backpressure valve component comprises a backpressure valve body (1), an air inlet connecting pipe (2) and a tail exhaust connecting pipe (3), the air inlet connecting pipe (2) and the tail exhaust connecting pipe (3) are respectively arranged at an air inlet port and an air outlet port of the backpressure valve body (1), the tail exhaust connecting pipe (3) comprises a pipe body (31), one end of the pipe body (31) is provided with a first air inlet (311), the other end of the pipe body is provided with a first air outlet (312), the first air inlet (311) is communicated with the air outlet port of the backpressure valve body (1), at least one bypass pipe (32) is arranged on the surface of the pipe body (31), and the bypass pipe (32) is used for being connected with an external exhaust pipeline;
tail exhaust gas discharged from an air outlet of the pile module (5) enters the backpressure valve assembly after passing through the humidifier, enters the backpressure valve assembly from the air inlet connecting pipe (2), and is discharged from a first air outlet (312) of the tail exhaust connecting pipe (3) after passing through the backpressure valve body (1).
6. A fuel cell system according to claim 5, wherein: one end of the bypass pipe (32) is provided with a second air inlet (321), the other end of the bypass pipe is provided with a second air outlet (322), the second air inlet (321) of the bypass pipe (32) is arranged outside the pipe body (31), and the second air outlet (322) of the bypass pipe (32) is arranged in the pipe body (31);
the output end of a water-vapor separator of the hydrogen supply system is connected with a second gas inlet (321) of a bypass pipe (32) of a tail discharge pipe (3) in the backpressure valve assembly, and a part of separated gas enters from the second gas inlet (321) of the bypass pipe, is discharged from a second gas outlet (322) of the bypass pipe (32), enters into the tail discharge pipe, and is discharged from a first gas outlet (312) of the tail discharge pipe (3);
a ventilation air outlet (41) of the box body (4) is connected with a second air inlet (321) of a bypass pipe (32) of the tail discharge pipe (3) in the backpressure valve assembly, mixed gas containing hydrogen leaked inside the box body (4) is discharged from the ventilation air outlet (41) and then enters the second air inlet (321) of the bypass pipe (32), then is discharged from a second air outlet (322) of the bypass pipe (32) and enters the tail discharge pipe (3), and then is discharged from a first air outlet (312) of the tail discharge pipe (3).
7. A fuel cell system according to claim 6, wherein: the air outlet direction of the second air outlet (322) of the bypass pipe (32) is led out along the air outlet direction of the pipe body (31).
8. A fuel cell system according to claim 7, wherein: the bypass pipe (32) is welded to the pipe body (31) to form an integrated structure.
9. A fuel cell system according to claim 8, wherein: two bypass pipes (32) are provided on the surface of the pipe body (31), and the two bypass pipes (32) are arranged on the surface of the pipe body (31).
10. A fuel cell system according to claim 9, wherein: an installation flange (310) is arranged at the edge of the first air inlet (311) of the pipe body (31), and the installation flange (310) of the pipe body (31) and the backpressure valve body (1) are locked through screws.
11. A control method of a fuel cell system, characterized in that: the fuel cell system is any one of the fuel cell system as claimed in claim 1 to claim 10, the fuel cell system controller controls the operation of the stack module (5), the hydrogen supply system, the air supply system and the cooling system, the fuel cell system further comprises a temperature sensor (6), tail exhaust gas discharged from an air outlet of the stack module (5) passes through the humidifier and enters the backpressure valve assembly, external air flowing through the humidifier is secondarily cooled by the tail exhaust gas discharged from the air outlet of the stack module (5) and is discharged from the backpressure valve assembly, the air inlet of the stack module (5) is provided with the temperature sensor (6), the temperature sensor (6) detects the air temperature at an air inlet of the stack module (5), the temperature sensor (6) transmits a detected temperature signal to the fuel cell system controller, and the external air passes through the air filter and the cooling system in sequence, A flow meter, an air compressor, an intercooler and a humidifier;
when the temperature sensor (6) detects that the temperature of the air input into the electric pile module (5) is higher than a certain set temperature value T1, the fuel cell system controller controls the cooling system to increase the flow of the cooling liquid input into the intercooler according to the temperature signal so as to improve the heat dissipation capacity of the intercooler, thereby adjusting the temperature of the air input into the electric pile module (5) and ensuring that the temperature of the air input into the electric pile module (5) meets the requirement;
when the temperature sensor (6) detects that the temperature of the air input into the electric pile module (5) is lower than a certain set temperature value T2, the fuel cell system controller controls the cooling system to reduce the flow of the cold liquid input into the intercooler according to the temperature signal so as to reduce the heat dissipation capacity of the intercooler, thereby adjusting the temperature of the air input into the electric pile module (5) and ensuring that the temperature of the air input into the electric pile module (5) meets the requirement;
the set temperature value T1 is greater than the set temperature value T2.
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| CN114744238B (en) | 2024-04-26 |
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