CN219873614U - Solid oxide fuel cell power generation system - Google Patents
Solid oxide fuel cell power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN219873614U CN219873614U CN202321134633.2U CN202321134633U CN219873614U CN 219873614 U CN219873614 U CN 219873614U CN 202321134633 U CN202321134633 U CN 202321134633U CN 219873614 U CN219873614 U CN 219873614U
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 194
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a solid oxide fuel cell power generation system, which belongs to the technical field of solid oxide fuel cell power generation and comprises a solid oxide fuel cell, wherein a cathode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell is respectively communicated with a cathode fuel source through a first cathode branch and a second cathode branch, an anode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell is respectively communicated with the anode fuel source through a first anode branch and a second anode branch, a temperature monitoring device is arranged on the solid oxide fuel cell and is electrically connected with an input end of a control unit, the temperature monitoring device is used for monitoring temperature information of the solid oxide fuel cell and transmitting the temperature information to the control unit, and the power generation system realizes temperature control of a solid oxide fuel cell stack by utilizing the adjustment of a plurality of branch valves and the use of a heat exchanger, so that the normal service life of the solid oxide fuel cell is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of solid oxide fuel cell power generation, in particular to a solid oxide fuel cell power generation system.
Background
A Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) is a device that can directly convert chemical energy in fuel into electric energy through electrochemical reaction, and has the advantages of high energy utilization rate and low environmental pollution, and has been receiving attention.
Since the reaction temperature of the SOFC is high, usually about 800 ℃, the utilization value of the tail gas is relatively high, so the problem of tail gas utilization is often considered when the SOFC power generation system is designed, and the energy utilization rate of the system is improved. For example, chinese patent CN202211216913.8 discloses a cogeneration heat exchange system for a pure hydrogen SOFC power generation system, comprising an air compressor, a fuel compressor and a solid oxide fuel cell, wherein the solid oxide fuel cell is connected with a heat exchanger, the solid oxide fuel cell discharges heated air and hydrogen to the heat exchanger, the air compressor and the fuel compressor are both connected with the heat exchanger, the air compressor and the fuel compressor respectively deliver air and hydrogen to the heat exchanger, and convection is formed between the air and the hydrogen discharged by the solid oxide fuel cell; the air compressor and the fuel compressor provide gas with lower temperature, and exchange heat with high temperature gas in the heat exchanger to heat the air and hydrogen entering the solid oxide fuel cell, so that the utility model does not need to use an additional heater, thereby achieving the purposes of saving energy and reducing cost;
meanwhile, due to the fact that the temperature of a cell stack is high during power generation, and the SOFC often has a large temperature gradient, the performance of the SOFC can be gradually reduced under the interference of current and air flow, and when the temperature of the cell is uncontrollable, the problems of poor contact and cell breakage even occur; and in the cooling and shutdown process of the cell stack, the cell stack is subjected to thermal shock at the initial stage of closing the cell stack due to the temperature gradient of the cell stack, so that the aging of the cell is increased.
The prior art CN202021588166.7 discloses a combined heat and power device of a solid oxide fuel cell, which comprises the solid oxide fuel cell and a constant temperature water tank, wherein one end of a heat exchange tube is arranged in the solid oxide fuel cell, and the other end of the heat exchange tube is arranged in the constant temperature water tank for heat circulation; the reaction product outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell is connected with a burner, and the burner is sequentially connected with a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger and a constant-temperature water tank for supplying heat; the air compressor is characterized by further comprising a microcontroller, wherein the input end of the microcontroller is connected with the temperature sensor, and the output end of the microcontroller is connected with the fuel compressor, the air compressor, the first electric valve, the second electric valve and the circulating water pump. The temperature sensor is installed in the solid oxide fuel cell, the first electric valve is installed between the combustor and the first heat exchanger, and the second electric valve is installed between the constant temperature water tank and the steam generator. According to the temperature information of the solid oxide fuel cell stack, the device changes the speed of the raw materials entering the solid oxide fuel cell, changes the output speed of high-temperature steam of the steam generator and high-temperature gas of the burner, and protects the cell assembly from damage caused by overhigh or overlow temperature and the temperature rising speed; however, the device can affect the reaction of the fuel cell and reduce the power generation efficiency by changing the raw material entering rate to perform problematic adjustment.
In summary, the solid oxide fuel cell power generation system of the prior art cannot perform good regulation and control on the working temperature of the fuel cell, and has poor effect on tail gas utilization.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to overcome the technical problems, and provides a solid oxide fuel cell power generation system which solves the problems that in the prior art, the working temperature of solid oxide fuel cannot be effectively controlled, the working efficiency is low, the battery performance is easy to drop, and the tail gas utilization effect is poor.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: the solid oxide fuel cell power generation system comprises a solid oxide fuel cell, wherein a cathode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell is communicated with a cathode fuel source through a first cathode branch and a second cathode branch respectively, a first valve and a first heat exchanger are arranged on the first cathode branch, a second valve and a second heat exchanger are arranged on the second cathode branch, and the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are used for heating the cathode fuel through hot fluid;
the anode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell is respectively communicated with an anode fuel source through a first anode branch and a second anode branch, a third valve and a third heat exchanger are arranged on the first anode branch, a fourth valve and a fourth heat exchanger are arranged on the second anode branch, and the third heat exchanger and the fourth heat exchanger are used for heating the anode fuel through hot fluid;
the solid oxide fuel cell is provided with a temperature monitoring device, the temperature monitoring device is electrically connected with the input end of the control unit, the temperature monitoring device is used for monitoring temperature information of the solid oxide fuel cell and transmitting the temperature information to the control unit, and the output end of the control unit is electrically connected with the first valve, the second valve, the third valve and the fourth valve respectively.
When the device is used, one of a first cathode branch or a second cathode branch is started, one of the first anode branch or the second anode branch is used for supplying anode fuel source and cathode fuel of the solid oxide fuel cell, after temperature information detected by the temperature monitoring device is transmitted to the control unit, the control unit controls the valve of the branch in a closed state to be opened, and the two branches are operated simultaneously to regulate the heating temperature of the fuel; after the regulation is finished, the branch is closed, one branch is reserved for carrying out fuel transportation, so that the basic operation of the solid oxide fuel cell is kept stable, the working temperature of the whole solid oxide fuel cell is kept in a normal range through the regulation of the other branch, the overlarge temperature gradient change is prevented, and the power generation process of the solid oxide fuel cell is effectively regulated and protected.
It should be noted that, the first cathode branch, the second cathode branch, the first anode branch or the second anode branch may be opened simultaneously to transport fuel as required, and when the temperature needs to be adjusted, the heating degree of the heat exchanger of the first cathode branch and the first anode branch may be changed.
Preferably, the temperature monitoring device comprises a cell stack temperature monitoring sensor, a cathode outlet temperature sensor and an anode outlet temperature sensor, wherein the cell stack temperature monitoring sensor is arranged at a cell stack of the solid oxide fuel cell and used for monitoring the temperature gradient, the cathode outlet temperature sensor is arranged at a cathode tail gas outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell, and the anode outlet temperature sensor is arranged at an anode tail gas outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell.
Preferably, a cathode tail gas outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell is connected with the second heat exchanger through a pipeline, and the cathode tail gas is used for supplementing heat to the hot fluid of the second heat exchanger;
the anode tail gas outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell is connected with the fourth heat exchanger through a pipeline, and the anode tail gas is used for supplementing heat for the hot fluid of the fourth heat exchanger.
Preferably, a fifth heat exchanger is arranged on the second cathode branch, the fifth heat exchanger is located between the second heat exchanger and the cathode fuel source, and a cathode tail gas outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell is connected with the second heat exchanger and the fifth heat exchanger in sequence through pipelines.
Preferably, a combustion chamber is arranged between the anode tail gas outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell and the fourth heat exchanger, and the combustion chamber is used for combusting the anode tail gas and conveying high-temperature gas to the fourth heat exchanger for heat compensation through a pipeline.
Preferably, the cathode fuel source adopts an air compressor to convey air to the cathode inlet, the anode fuel source adopts a hydrogen storage bottle to convey hydrogen to the anode inlet, and the output end of the hydrogen storage bottle is provided with a stop valve.
Preferably, the anode fuel source comprises a methane fuel compressor, a water pump, a mixer and a reformer, wherein the methane fuel compressor and the water pump are respectively connected with the input end of the mixer, a sixth heat exchanger is arranged between the methane fuel compressor and the mixer and used for heating methane, a seventh heat exchanger is arranged between the water pump and the mixer and used for heating water to form water vapor, and the output end of the mixer is connected with the input end of the reformer.
Preferably, the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, the third heat exchanger, the fourth heat exchanger, the fifth heat exchanger, the sixth heat exchanger and the seventh heat exchanger are all plate heat exchangers, and are all provided with a plurality of inlets and outlets.
Preferably, the water pump is a centrifugal pump.
Preferably, the first valve, the second valve, the third valve and the fourth valve adopt throttle valves.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
the utility model provides a solid oxide fuel cell power generation system, which is characterized in that two cathode branches and two anode branches are arranged to carry out fuel source transportation, the heating temperature of fuel is adjusted by combining valve opening and closing, flow rate adjustment and heating capacity adjustment of a heat exchanger, the heating capacity of the branches is improved or reduced according to temperature monitoring information of a temperature monitoring device, the temperature of the fuel entering the cathode and the anode of the solid oxide fuel cell is improved or reduced, the working temperature is in a normal range, the temperature control of a solid oxide fuel cell stack is realized, the performance reduction of the stack caused by temperature aberration is avoided, and the service life of the solid oxide fuel cell is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a control block diagram of the apparatus of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an anode fuel source apparatus of the present utility model;
wherein: 1. a solid oxide fuel cell; 2. a first cathode branch; 3. a second cathode branch; 4. a cathode fuel source; 5. a first anode leg; 6. a second anode leg; 7. an anode fuel source; 8. a temperature monitoring device; 9. a control unit; 10. a combustion chamber;
201. a first valve; 202. a first heat exchanger; 301. a second valve; 302. a second heat exchanger; 303. a fifth heat exchanger; 501. a third valve; 502. a third heat exchanger; 601. a fourth valve; 602. a fourth heat exchanger; 701. a methane fuel compressor; 702. a water pump; 703. a mixer; 704. a reformer; 705. a sixth heat exchanger; 706. a seventh heat exchanger; 801. a stack temperature monitoring sensor; 802. a cathode outlet temperature sensor; 803. anode outlet temperature sensor.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent; for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain elements of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced and do not represent the actual product dimensions; it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted. In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and that "first", "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features being referred to; nor does it represent the importance of the components and therefore should not be construed as limiting the utility model.
In the present utility model, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific dimensions adopted in the present embodiment are only for illustrating the technical solution, and do not limit the protection scope of the present utility model.
The technical scheme of the utility model is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-2, a solid oxide fuel cell power generation system includes a solid oxide fuel cell 1, wherein a cathode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell 1 is respectively communicated with a cathode fuel source 4 through a first cathode branch 2 and a second cathode branch 3, a first valve 201 and a first heat exchanger 202 are arranged on the first cathode branch 2, a second valve 301 and a second heat exchanger 302 are arranged on the second cathode branch 3, and the first heat exchanger 202 and the second heat exchanger 302 are used for heating the cathode fuel through hot fluid;
the anode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell 1 is respectively communicated with an anode fuel source 7 through a first anode branch 5 and a second anode branch 6, a third valve 501 and a third heat exchanger 502 are arranged on the first anode branch 5, a fourth valve 601 and a fourth heat exchanger 602 are arranged on the second anode branch 6, and the third heat exchanger 502 and the fourth heat exchanger 602 are used for heating the anode fuel through hot fluid;
the solid oxide fuel cell 1 is provided with a temperature monitoring device 8, the temperature monitoring device 8 is electrically connected with the input end of the control unit 9, the temperature monitoring device 8 is used for monitoring temperature information of the solid oxide fuel cell 1 and transmitting the temperature information to the control unit 9, and the output end of the control unit 9 is electrically connected with the first valve 201, the second valve 301, the third valve 501 and the fourth valve 601 respectively.
Referring to fig. 1, in operation of the system, the second valve 301 on the second cathode leg 3 is opened, the fourth valve 601 on the second anode leg 6 is opened,
the cathode fuel source 4 provides fuel and is heated by the second cathode branch 3 through the second heat exchanger 302 into the cathode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell 1, the anode fuel source 7 provides fuel and is heated by the fourth heat exchanger 602 on the second anode branch 6 into the anode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell 1, and the fuel entering the solid oxide fuel cell 1 is subjected to electrochemical reaction to generate electric energy; the hot fluid inside the second heat exchanger 302 and the fourth heat exchanger 602 has an external heat source to provide heat, and the heat exchange is performed by the second heat exchanger 302 and the fourth heat exchanger 602 to heat the fuel flowing through, which is a technology well known to those skilled in the art.
Meanwhile, the temperature monitoring device 8 monitors temperature information of the solid oxide fuel cell 1, transmits temperature gradient information of the cell stack and tail gas temperature information of a cathode outlet and an anode outlet to the control unit 9, and the control unit 9 judges whether the temperature information exceeds a normal range or not according to the temperature information; it should be noted that, the control unit 9 adopts a single-chip microcomputer, a microprocessor, etc. in the prior art to perform collection and judgment of temperature information and control opening and closing of the valve, and can be implemented by adopting an existing device, which is not described here again. Other control methods can be adopted by those skilled in the art to collect and judge the temperature information and control the opening and closing of the valve.
When the temperature of the cell stack or the tail gas is higher than the highest temperature in the normal range, namely exceeds the threshold value, the control unit 9 sends a control signal to open the first valve 201 and the third valve 501, at this time, a part of fuel is provided by the cathode fuel source 4 to enter the cathode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell 1 from the second cathode branch 3, the other part of fuel enters the cathode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell 1 through the first cathode branch 2, by adjusting the flow rate of the first valve 201, a part of fuel is heated by the first heat exchanger 202 to enter the solid oxide fuel cell 1, by adjusting the heating capacity of the first heat exchanger 202 to be lower than the second heat exchanger 302, and controlling the opening degree of the first valve 201 to be higher than the second valve 301, so that the flow rate of the first cathode branch 2 is higher than the flow rate of the second cathode branch 3, the heating temperature of the fuel of the cathode fuel source 4 is regulated, so that the temperature of the fuel entering the cathode of the solid oxide fuel cell 1 is reduced, and the operation temperature information of the solid oxide fuel cell 1 is reduced until the monitored temperature information is recovered in the normal range;
similarly, after the third valve 501 is opened, part of fuel of the anode fuel source 7 enters the first anode branch 5, and the fuel is heated by the third heat exchanger 502, so that the temperature of the fuel heated by the third heat exchanger 502 is lower than that of the fuel heated by the fourth heat exchanger 602 in the second anode branch 6, and the opening of the third valve 501 is controlled to be larger than that of the fourth valve 601, so that the temperature of the fuel entering the anode of the solid oxide fuel cell 1 is reduced until the monitored temperature information is recovered to be within a normal range;
after the temperature information is restored to the normal range, the first valve 201 and the third valve 501 are controlled to be closed, and the first heat exchanger 202 and the third heat exchanger 502 are controlled to be closed.
The two branches of the device are used for adjusting the temperature of fuel, and under the condition that the fuel entering rate and the whole flow are not influenced, the fuel is distributed to enter different branches for heating to different degrees, so that the temperature of the fuel entering the solid oxide fuel cell 1 is reduced, the temperature of the cell stack is reduced, the temperature range is controlled in a certain range, and a large temperature gradient is prevented from being generated, so that the solid oxide fuel cell 1 stably operates.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 1-2, on the basis of example 1, the system only opens the second valve 301 on the second cathode branch 3, opens the fourth valve 601 on the second anode branch 6 for operation,
when the temperature of the cell stack or the tail gas is lower than the lowest temperature in the normal range, at this time, the heating capacity of the first heat exchanger 202 and the third heat exchanger 502 is adjusted and improved, the control unit 9 sends out a control signal to open the first valve 201 and the third valve 501, and the fuel is heated simultaneously through the two branches, so that the temperature of the fuel entering the bulk oxide fuel cell 1 is improved, the working temperature of the cell stack is in the normal range, after the temperature is recovered to be normal, the first valve 201 and the third valve 501 can be controlled to be closed, and the first heat exchanger 202 and the third heat exchanger 502 are closed.
The two branches of the device are used for adjusting the temperature of fuel, under the condition that the fuel entering rate and the whole flow are not affected, the heating capacity is improved by opening the other branch, the heating efficiency is improved, the adjusting and controlling process is more stable, the heating degree of the second heat exchanger 302 and the fourth heat exchanger 602 is not required to be adjusted, the basic operation of the solid oxide fuel cell 1 is kept, and the heating supplement of the temperature is carried out through the other branch, so that the solid oxide fuel cell 1 stably operates.
Example 3:
referring to fig. 1 to 3, the temperature monitoring device 8 includes a stack temperature monitoring sensor 801, a cathode outlet temperature sensor 802, and an anode outlet temperature sensor 803, the stack temperature monitoring sensor 801 being provided at the stack of the solid oxide fuel cell 1 for monitoring the temperature gradient, the cathode outlet temperature sensor 802 being provided at the cathode off-gas outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell 1, and the anode outlet temperature sensor 803 being provided at the anode off-gas outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell 1.
Specifically, the stack temperature monitoring sensor 801 is configured to monitor a temperature gradient change of the stack, timely transmit temperature information of the stack to the control unit 9, the cathode outlet temperature sensor 802 is configured to monitor a temperature of exhaust gas discharged from a cathode outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell 1, the anode outlet temperature sensor 803 is configured to monitor a temperature of exhaust gas discharged from an anode outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell 1, transmit information to the control unit 9, and the control unit 9 is configured to determine whether the temperature is within a set normal temperature range, and timely regulate and control the temperature by opening another branch if the temperature is not within the normal temperature range.
Example 4:
referring to fig. 1-3, a cathode tail gas outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell 1 is connected with the second heat exchanger 302 through a pipeline, and the cathode tail gas is used for supplementing heat to the hot fluid of the second heat exchanger 302;
the anode tail gas outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell 1 is connected with the fourth heat exchanger 602 through a pipeline, and the anode tail gas is used for supplementing heat for the hot fluid of the fourth heat exchanger 602.
Because the temperature of the tail gas of the solid oxide fuel cell 1 is high, a cathode tail gas outlet is connected with the second heat exchanger 302 through a pipeline for heat utilization of the tail gas, specifically, the tail gas enters the second heat exchanger 302 through the pipeline, flows through the inside of the second heat exchanger 302 and is discharged from the inside of the second heat exchanger 302, so that the heat of the hot fluid of the second heat exchanger 302 is supplemented, and the cathode fuel is heated by the heat; similarly, the anode tail gas outlet is connected with the fourth heat exchanger 602 through a pipeline, and supplements heat for the hot fluid in the fourth heat exchanger 602.
Similarly, the tail gas can be connected with the first heat exchanger 202 and the third heat exchanger 502 through pipelines to supplement heat.
In a further embodiment, a fifth heat exchanger 303 is disposed on the second cathode branch 3, the fifth heat exchanger 303 is located between the second heat exchanger 302 and the cathode fuel source 4, the cathode tail gas outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell 1 is sequentially connected with the second heat exchanger 302 and the fifth heat exchanger 303 through pipelines, the heat of the tail gas is utilized by the second heat exchanger 302 close to the solid oxide fuel cell 1 to supplement heat, the temperature of the tail gas is reduced, but the tail gas still has heat, and the tail gas is supplemented with heat by the fifth heat exchanger 303 close to the cathode fuel source 4, so that the heat of the tail gas is utilized in a gradient manner, and the utilization efficiency is improved.
Similarly, a heat exchanger can be added to the first cathode branch 2, the first anode branch 5 and the second anode branch 6 respectively to perform cascade utilization of tail gas heat.
In a further embodiment, a combustion chamber 10 is arranged between the anode tail gas outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell 1 and the fourth heat exchanger 602, and the combustion chamber 10 is used for combusting the anode tail gas and delivering high-temperature gas to the fourth heat exchanger 602 for heat compensation through a pipeline. The high temperature tail gas is generated by re-oxidizing the anode tail gas for combustion, and the input of higher temperature gas is performed to the fourth heat exchanger 602 for heat compensation.
In a further embodiment, the cathode fuel source 4 adopts an air compressor to convey air to the cathode inlet, the anode fuel source 7 adopts a hydrogen storage bottle to convey hydrogen to the anode inlet, the output end of the hydrogen storage bottle is provided with a stop valve 11, the cathode fuel source 4 adopts air to input oxygen, and the anode fuel source 7 adopts hydrogen to enter the solid oxide fuel cell 1 for reaction power generation.
Example 4:
referring to fig. 3, the anode fuel source 7 includes a methane fuel compressor 701, a water pump 702, a mixer 703 and a reformer 704, wherein the methane fuel compressor 701 and the water pump 702 are respectively connected with an input end of the mixer 703, a sixth heat exchanger 705 is arranged between the methane fuel compressor 701 and the mixer 703 for heating methane, a seventh heat exchanger 706 is arranged between the water pump 702 and the mixer 703 for heating water to form steam, and an output end of the mixer 703 is connected with an input end of the reformer 704.
Methane is compressed by the methane fuel compressor 701, then the methane is heated by the sixth heat exchanger 705, the water source is sucked by the water pump 702, then the water source is heated by the seventh heat exchanger 706 to form steam, the steam is sent to the mixer 703 for mixing, then the steam enters the reformer 704 for reforming reaction to generate hydrogen, and then the hydrogen is heated by the fourth heat exchanger 602 and is sent to the anode of the solid oxide fuel cell 1. The anode tail gas contains part of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, and can be used for adding oxygen to the combustion chamber 10 for combustion.
In a further embodiment, the first heat exchanger 202, the second heat exchanger 302, the third heat exchanger 502, the fourth heat exchanger 602, the fifth heat exchanger 303, the sixth heat exchanger 705, and the seventh heat exchanger 706 are plate heat exchangers, and are provided with a plurality of inlets and outlets.
In still further embodiments, the water pump 702 is a centrifugal pump.
In a further embodiment, the first valve 201, the second valve 301, the third valve 501 and the fourth valve 601 are throttled.
It is to be understood that the above examples of the present utility model are provided by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation of the embodiments of the present utility model. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the utility model are desired to be protected by the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. A solid oxide fuel cell power generation system comprising a solid oxide fuel cell (1), characterized in that: the cathode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell (1) is respectively communicated with a cathode fuel source (4) through a first cathode branch (2) and a second cathode branch (3), a first valve (201) and a first heat exchanger (202) are arranged on the first cathode branch (2), a second valve (301) and a second heat exchanger (302) are arranged on the second cathode branch (3), and the first heat exchanger (202) and the second heat exchanger (302) are used for heating the cathode fuel through hot fluid;
the anode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell (1) is respectively communicated with an anode fuel source (7) through a first anode branch (5) and a second anode branch (6), a third valve (501) and a third heat exchanger (502) are arranged on the first anode branch (5), a fourth valve (601) and a fourth heat exchanger (602) are arranged on the second anode branch (6), and the third heat exchanger (502) and the fourth heat exchanger (602) are used for heating the anode fuel through hot fluid;
the solid oxide fuel cell (1) is provided with a temperature monitoring device (8), the temperature monitoring device (8) is electrically connected with the input end of the control unit (9), the temperature monitoring device (8) is used for monitoring temperature information of the solid oxide fuel cell (1) and transmitting the temperature information to the control unit (9), and the output end of the control unit (9) is electrically connected with the first valve (201), the second valve (301), the third valve (501) and the fourth valve (601) respectively.
2. A solid oxide fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature monitoring device (8) comprises a cell stack temperature monitoring sensor (801), a cathode outlet temperature sensor (802) and an anode outlet temperature sensor (803), wherein the cell stack temperature monitoring sensor (801) is arranged at a cell stack of the solid oxide fuel cell (1) and used for monitoring a temperature gradient, the cathode outlet temperature sensor (802) is arranged at a cathode tail gas outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell (1), and the anode outlet temperature sensor (803) is arranged at an anode tail gas outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell (1).
3. A solid oxide fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, wherein: the cathode tail gas outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell (1) is connected with the second heat exchanger (302) through a pipeline, and the cathode tail gas is used for supplementing heat to the hot fluid of the second heat exchanger (302);
the anode tail gas outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell (1) is connected with the fourth heat exchanger (602) through a pipeline, and the anode tail gas is used for supplementing heat for the hot fluid of the fourth heat exchanger (602).
4. A solid oxide fuel cell power generation system according to claim 3, wherein: the second cathode branch (3) is provided with a fifth heat exchanger (303), the fifth heat exchanger (303) is located between the second heat exchanger (302) and the cathode fuel source (4), and a cathode tail gas outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell (1) is sequentially connected with the second heat exchanger (302) and the fifth heat exchanger (303) through pipelines.
5. A solid oxide fuel cell power generation system according to claim 3, wherein: a combustion chamber (10) is arranged between an anode tail gas outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell (1) and the fourth heat exchanger (602), and the combustion chamber (10) is used for combusting anode tail gas and conveying high-temperature gas to the fourth heat exchanger (602) for heat compensation through a pipeline.
6. A solid oxide fuel cell power generation system according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the cathode fuel source (4) adopts an air compressor to convey air to the cathode inlet, the anode fuel source (7) adopts a hydrogen storage bottle to convey hydrogen to the anode inlet, and the output end of the hydrogen storage bottle is provided with a stop valve (11).
7. A solid oxide fuel cell power generation system according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the anode fuel source (7) comprises a methane fuel compressor (701), a water pump (702), a mixer (703) and a reformer (704), wherein the methane fuel compressor (701) and the water pump (702) are respectively connected with the input end of the mixer (703), a sixth heat exchanger (705) is arranged between the methane fuel compressor (701) and the mixer (703) and is used for heating methane, a seventh heat exchanger (706) is arranged between the water pump (702) and the mixer (703) and is used for heating water to form water vapor, and the output end of the mixer (703) is connected with the input end of the reformer (704).
8. A solid oxide fuel cell power generation system according to claim 7, wherein: the first heat exchanger (202), the second heat exchanger (302), the third heat exchanger (502), the fourth heat exchanger (602), the fifth heat exchanger (303), the sixth heat exchanger (705) and the seventh heat exchanger (706) are all plate heat exchangers and are all provided with a plurality of inlets and outlets.
9. A solid oxide fuel cell power generation system according to claim 7, wherein: the water pump (702) is a centrifugal pump.
10. A solid oxide fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, wherein: the first valve (201), the second valve (301), the third valve (501) and the fourth valve (601) adopt throttle valves.
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| CN202321134633.2U CN219873614U (en) | 2023-05-11 | 2023-05-11 | Solid oxide fuel cell power generation system |
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| CN202321134633.2U CN219873614U (en) | 2023-05-11 | 2023-05-11 | Solid oxide fuel cell power generation system |
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