CN114744177A - Preparation method of porous silicon manganese dioxide composite anode material - Google Patents

Preparation method of porous silicon manganese dioxide composite anode material Download PDF

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CN114744177A
CN114744177A CN202210472604.0A CN202210472604A CN114744177A CN 114744177 A CN114744177 A CN 114744177A CN 202210472604 A CN202210472604 A CN 202210472604A CN 114744177 A CN114744177 A CN 114744177A
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porous silicon
manganese dioxide
dioxide composite
mixture
base material
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汪徐春
段祖荣
王桂玲
欧阳冬冬
陈俊明
郑胜彪
姚悦
张雪梅
周化光
刘倩蕊
刘澳坤
张东兰
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Anhui University of Science and Technology
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Anhui University of Science and Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/362Composites
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/38Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
    • H01M4/386Silicon or alloys based on silicon
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/50Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
    • H01M4/505Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

A preparation method of a porous silicon-manganese dioxide composite negative electrode material comprises the following steps: weighing 2-4 parts by weight of porous silicon and 7-9 parts by weight of manganese dioxide, mixing and grinding for 20-40min to obtain a porous silicon-manganese dioxide composite material, mixing the porous silicon-manganese dioxide composite material with acetylene black and polytetrafluoroethylene according to a mass ratio of 70-90:10-20:4-7, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, then carrying out ultrasonic oscillation until the materials are completely and uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture, placing the mixture in a water bath kettle at 70-90 ℃ and continuously heating until the mixture is viscous; welding 1 cm-1 cm of foamed nickel with a nickel strip to serve as an electrode base material; coating the sticky mixture on the surface of an electrode substrate, and then baking for 11-13h at the temperature of 70-90 ℃; and then wrapping the lithium battery anode material by using a plastic film, and placing the plastic film into a tablet press to press the lithium battery anode material for 3 to 6 seconds under the pressure of 5 to 7 MPa.

Description

Preparation method of porous silicon-manganese dioxide composite negative electrode material
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a porous silicon-manganese dioxide composite negative electrode material.
Background
The lithium ion battery has the advantages of high performance, high capacity and low voltage of the traditional battery, and also has the advantages of long service life and excellent performance, so that the lithium ion battery is widely applied to mobile electronic equipment, new energy automobiles, space technology and national defense industry. Since the commercialization was achieved, lithium ion batteries have dominated the market for the use of portable electronic devices. In recent years, with the development of electric vehicles and other high-power electronic devices, lithium ion batteries are required to have higher energy density, so that the industry is concerned about the increase of the energy density. The energy density of the lithium battery is determined by the electrode material and the specific capacity, and the traditional method takes lithium transition metal oxide as a positive electrode and carbon material as a negative electrode, so that the problem of poor electrochemical performance of the negative electrode material exists in the collocation of the electrode material.
The preparation process of porous silicon has been disclosed in various documents and patents, such as chinese invention patent: the reaction kettle has the structure shown in ZL201710354198.7,by LiAlH4A method for preparing luminescent porous silicon.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a preparation method of a porous silicon manganese dioxide composite negative electrode material.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a preparation method of a porous silicon-manganese dioxide composite anode material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 2-4 parts by weight of porous silicon and 7-9 parts by weight of manganese dioxide, and mixing and grinding in an agate mortar for 20-40min to obtain a porous silicon manganese dioxide composite material;
(2) mixing the porous silicon-manganese dioxide composite material obtained in the step (1), acetylene black and polytetrafluoroethylene in a container according to a mass ratio of 70-90:10-20:4-7, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, wherein the amount of the added absolute ethyl alcohol is required to be over all solid phases, and then carrying out ultrasonic oscillation until the mixture is completely and uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture;
(3) placing the container containing the mixture in a water bath kettle at 70-90 ℃ for continuous heating until the mixture is viscous;
(4) welding 1 cm-1 cm of foamed nickel with a nickel strip to serve as an electrode base material;
(5) coating the sticky mixture obtained in the step (3) on the surface of the electrode base material obtained in the step (4), then placing the coated electrode base material in a baking oven, and baking for 11-13h at 70-90 ℃;
(6) wrapping the electrode base material baked in the step (5) with a plastic film, and pressing in a tablet press, wherein the pressure of the press is 5-7MPa, and the holding time is 3-6 s;
(7) and after pressing, taking off the film to obtain the porous silicon-manganese dioxide composite negative electrode material.
For the sake of simple explanation, the following method for preparing the porous silicon manganese dioxide composite negative electrode material of the present invention is simply referred to as the present method.
The method has the advantages that: the porous silicon-manganese dioxide composite negative electrode material prepared by the method has higher specific capacity and smaller interface impedance, shows good electrochemical performance and is suitable for being used as a negative electrode material of a lithium ion battery.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of the morphology of the surface of the porous silicon.
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope photograph of the surface morphology of the porous silicon manganese dioxide composite material.
Figure 3 is an XRD diffractogram of the porous silicon manganese dioxide composite.
Fig. 4 is a cyclic voltammogram of a porous silicon manganese dioxide composite anode material.
Fig. 5 is an ac impedance diagram of a porous silicon manganese dioxide composite negative electrode material.
Fig. 6 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the porous silicon manganese dioxide composite negative electrode material.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows:
a preparation method of a porous silicon-manganese dioxide composite negative electrode material comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 2 parts by weight of porous silicon and 7 parts by weight of manganese dioxide, and mixing and grinding in an agate mortar for 20min to obtain a porous silicon-manganese dioxide composite material;
(2) mixing the porous silicon-manganese dioxide composite material obtained in the step (1), acetylene black and polytetrafluoroethylene in a container according to a mass ratio of 70:10:4, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, wherein the amount of the added absolute ethyl alcohol is required to exceed all solid phases, and then oscillating the ultrasonic waves until the materials are completely and uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture;
(3) placing the container containing the mixture in a water bath kettle at 70 ℃ for continuous heating until the mixture is viscous;
(4) welding 1 cm-1 cm of foamed nickel with a nickel strip to serve as an electrode base material;
(5) coating the sticky mixture obtained in the step (3) on the surface of the electrode base material obtained in the step (4), then placing the coated electrode base material in a baking oven, and baking for 11 hours at the temperature of 70 ℃;
(6) wrapping the electrode substrate baked in the step (5) with a plastic film, and placing the electrode substrate in a tablet press for pressing, wherein the pressure of the press is 5MPa, and the holding time is 3 s;
(7) and after pressing, taking off the film to obtain the porous silicon-manganese dioxide composite negative electrode material.
Example two:
a preparation method of a porous silicon manganese dioxide composite anode material comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 3 parts by weight of porous silicon and 8 parts by weight of manganese dioxide, and mixing and grinding in an agate mortar for 30min to obtain a porous silicon-manganese dioxide composite material;
(2) mixing the porous silicon-manganese dioxide composite material obtained in the step (1), acetylene black and polytetrafluoroethylene in a container according to a mass ratio of 80:15:5, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, wherein the amount of the added absolute ethyl alcohol is required to exceed all solid phases, and then oscillating the ultrasonic waves until the materials are completely and uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture;
(3) placing the container containing the mixture in a water bath kettle at 80 ℃ for continuous heating until the mixture is viscous;
(4) welding 1 cm-1 cm of foamed nickel with a nickel strip to serve as an electrode base material;
(5) coating the sticky mixture obtained in the step (3) on the surface of the electrode base material obtained in the step (4), then placing the coated electrode base material in a baking oven, and baking for 12 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃;
(6) wrapping the electrode base material baked in the step (5) with a plastic film, and pressing in a tablet press, wherein the pressure of the press is 6MPa, and the holding time is 5 s;
(7) and after pressing, taking off the film to obtain the porous silicon-manganese dioxide composite negative electrode material.
Example three:
a preparation method of a porous silicon-manganese dioxide composite negative electrode material comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 4 parts by weight of porous silicon and 9 parts by weight of manganese dioxide, and mixing and grinding in an agate mortar for 40min to obtain a porous silicon-manganese dioxide composite material;
(2) mixing the porous silicon-manganese dioxide composite material obtained in the step (1), acetylene black and polytetrafluoroethylene in a container according to a mass ratio of 90:20:7, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, wherein the amount of the added absolute ethyl alcohol is required to be larger than all solid phases, and then oscillating the ultrasonic waves until the materials are completely and uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture;
(3) placing the container containing the mixture in a water bath kettle at 90 ℃ for continuous heating until the mixture is viscous;
(4) welding 1 cm-1 cm of foamed nickel with a nickel strip to serve as an electrode base material;
(5) coating the sticky mixture obtained in the step (3) on the surface of the electrode base material obtained in the step (4), then placing the coated electrode base material in a baking oven, and baking for 13 hours at the temperature of 90 ℃;
(6) wrapping the electrode substrate baked in the step (5) with a plastic film, and placing the electrode substrate in a tablet press for pressing, wherein the pressure of the press is 7MPa, and the holding time is 6 s;
(7) and taking off the film after pressing is finished to obtain the porous silicon-manganese dioxide composite cathode material.
The porous silicon in the above embodiment is according to the Chinese invention patent: ZL201710354198.7, a pharmaceutical composition comprising LiAlH4The luminescent porous silicon is prepared by the method.
And (4) analyzing results:
analysis of SEM test results:
SEM analysis is carried out on the porous silicon and the porous silicon-manganese dioxide composite material obtained in the step (1) of the method, and the results are respectively shown in figures 1 and 2;
as can be seen from fig. 1: pores exist in the porous silicon, the pore diameter is about 10-15 mu m, but the pore channels are damaged and are not complete enough, and the internal porous structure is damaged probably because the temperature is higher during sample calcination, so that the calcination temperature can be properly reduced; further 5000 times of magnification, it can be seen that there are traces of attachments on the surface, probably carbon remaining in the course of the experiment.
As can be seen from fig. 2: under the magnification of 500 times, the broken porous silicon has very obvious channel structure and uniform fragmentation, and is in a strip shape; further magnification of 5000 times showed that the surfaces of the crushed and striped channels had deposits, presumably manganese dioxide and carbon.
XRD test result analysis:
referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is an XRD diffractogram of the porous silicon manganese dioxide composite material. The standard silicon diffraction peak and manganese dioxide diffraction peak appeared in the composite material, and the peak positions were almost coincident with each other, and it was found that no impurity phase was generated. The intensity of a main diffraction peak of the porous silicon composite material prepared by the experiment is increased on the basis of silicon, wherein the standard PDF card corresponding to silicon is 41-1111, the main diffraction angle is 25.303 degrees, 39.984 degrees, 46.814 degrees, 48.076 degrees and 56.781 degrees, the standard PDF card corresponding to wrapping-phase manganese dioxide is 30-0820 degrees, and the main diffraction angle is 56.027 degrees, so that the crystallinity of the porous silicon composite material is higher. In conjunction with SEM, manganese dioxide was already wrapped on porous silicon.
Electrochemical testing:
cyclic voltammetry analysis:
in order to explore the electron extracting mechanism of the porous silicon manganese dioxide composite material, cyclic voltammetry of an electrode in a 6MKOH solution is carried out. The scanning speed is 0.1V/S, the test voltage is-0.2-0.55V, and the scanning is performed for two circles, and the result is shown in FIG. 4.
As shown in fig. 4, for the porous silicon manganese dioxide composite material, the electrode potential is studied to be equivalent to a 6m koh mercury-mercury oxide reference electrode, and it can be seen from the figure that, in the forward direction scanning from the negative potential, as the electrode potential increases, the reaction starts to proceed, the current increases, and the curve rises, which indicates that the deintercalation of manganate ions has been started, and the manganese dioxide contained in the porous silicon has been oxidized to form manganate ions, and the reaction equation is:
MnO2+4OH-=MnO4 2-+2H2O+2e-
at this time, a distinct oxidation peak appeared, and the peak value hardly changed during the following cycles, indicating that the electrode capacity was stable. As the potential continues to rise, the reaction becomes more vigorous and the curve continues to rise to a peak. On the reverse scan, a distinct reduction peak occurs due to reduction of manganate ions at the cathode.
By the formula
C=S/[2(v*s*m)]
The specific capacitance of the porous silicon manganese dioxide material was calculated as shown in table 2.1:
Figure BDA0003623489910000061
and (3) alternating current impedance analysis:
in order to further explore the electrochemical characteristics of the porous silicon manganese dioxide composite negative electrode material, an alternating current impedance test is carried out on the porous silicon manganese dioxide composite negative electrode material. The open-circuit voltage is maintained at about 1.0V, the test frequency is 0.1-300 kHz, and the AC amplitude is 0.005V. The results are shown in FIG. 5, where the left intercept of the semicircle in the high frequency region in FIG. 5 represents the electrolyte resistance RbThe semi-circular arc represents the electrode/electrolyte interface impedance RiThe low frequency region diagonal line represents the ion diffusion impedance Zw
For the porous silicon-manganese dioxide composite material in the figure 5, a fuzzy middle-frequency region semicircle appears, which shows that the interface impedance of the composite material is small, and that a small amount of manganese dioxide coating is beneficial to the formation of a low-impedance interface film on the surface of an electrode, thereby being beneficial to the transfer of electrons.
The spectra were fitted by looking up the data and the equivalent circuit diagram is shown in FIG. 6.
In fig. 6, Rb represents the electrolyte bulk impedance of the three-cell system, Ri represents the electrode/electrolyte interface impedance, Zw represents the diffusion impedance of the transferred ions, and Ci represents the interface capacitance.
Through the analysis of the data, the following results are obtained: the porous silicon-manganese dioxide composite negative electrode material prepared by the method has higher specific capacity and smaller interface impedance, shows good electrochemical performance and is more suitable for being used as a negative electrode material of a lithium ion battery.

Claims (1)

1. The preparation method of the porous silicon-manganese dioxide composite negative electrode material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) weighing 2-4 parts by weight of porous silicon and 7-9 parts by weight of manganese dioxide, and mixing and grinding in an agate mortar for 20-40min to obtain a porous silicon manganese dioxide composite material;
(2) mixing the porous silicon-manganese dioxide composite material obtained in the step (1), acetylene black and polytetrafluoroethylene in a container according to a mass ratio of 70-90:10-20:4-7, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, wherein the amount of the added absolute ethyl alcohol is required to be over all solid phases, and then carrying out ultrasonic oscillation until the materials are completely and uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture;
(3) placing the container containing the mixture in a water bath kettle at 70-90 ℃ for continuous heating until the mixture is viscous;
(4) welding 1 cm-1 cm of foamed nickel with a nickel strip to serve as an electrode base material;
(5) coating the sticky mixture obtained in the step (3) on the surface of the electrode base material obtained in the step (4), then placing the coated electrode base material in a baking oven, and baking for 11-13h at the temperature of 70-90 ℃;
(6) wrapping the electrode base material baked in the step (5) with a plastic film, and pressing in a tablet press, wherein the pressure of the press is 5-7MPa, and the holding time is 3-6 s;
(7) and after pressing, taking off the film to obtain the porous silicon-manganese dioxide composite negative electrode material.
CN202210472604.0A 2022-04-29 2022-04-29 Preparation method of porous silicon manganese dioxide composite anode material Pending CN114744177A (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102709061A (en) * 2012-07-03 2012-10-03 电子科技大学 Graphene-cladding manganese dioxide combination electrode material and method for producing same
CN105789608A (en) * 2016-03-29 2016-07-20 华南师范大学 Preparation method and application of Si/MnO2/graphene/carbon lithium ion battery anode material
CN106207155A (en) * 2016-07-14 2016-12-07 东北师范大学 One class integrates nano-hybrid material of positive/negative cyclical effect and preparation method thereof
CN108455979A (en) * 2018-04-18 2018-08-28 常熟理工学院 A kind of ultralow dielectric microwave dielectric ceramic materials and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102709061A (en) * 2012-07-03 2012-10-03 电子科技大学 Graphene-cladding manganese dioxide combination electrode material and method for producing same
CN105789608A (en) * 2016-03-29 2016-07-20 华南师范大学 Preparation method and application of Si/MnO2/graphene/carbon lithium ion battery anode material
CN106207155A (en) * 2016-07-14 2016-12-07 东北师范大学 One class integrates nano-hybrid material of positive/negative cyclical effect and preparation method thereof
CN108455979A (en) * 2018-04-18 2018-08-28 常熟理工学院 A kind of ultralow dielectric microwave dielectric ceramic materials and preparation method thereof

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
赖春艳等: "材料科学与工程实验指导书", 冶金工业出版社, pages: 85 *

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Application publication date: 20220712