CN114739722A - Geological exploration soil layer sampling method - Google Patents
Geological exploration soil layer sampling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114739722A CN114739722A CN202210274806.4A CN202210274806A CN114739722A CN 114739722 A CN114739722 A CN 114739722A CN 202210274806 A CN202210274806 A CN 202210274806A CN 114739722 A CN114739722 A CN 114739722A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/0056—Other disintegrating devices or methods specially adapted for specific materials not otherwise provided for
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
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Abstract
The invention discloses a geological exploration soil layer sampling method which is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, designing a set of soil layer sampling equipment; s2, before sampling, a sampling person moves the fixing frame of the soil layer sampling equipment to a place needing geological detection sampling through the mobile equipment; s3, when sampling, a sampling person starts a sampling motor, the sampling motor drives a material taking screw to rotate to drill soil, the drilled soil enters the sampling cylinder along the material taking screw in a spiral mode and slowly moves upwards, and meanwhile the sampling motor drives a transmission shaft and a fixed gear sleeved outside to rotate; s4, the transmission shaft drives the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear to rotate through the transmission bevel gear at the bottom; s5, pushing out the crushed soil from a discharge hole on one side of the sampling cylinder, falling to the upper end of the inclined sliding frame, sliding to the inside of the collecting cylinder under the action of gravity, starting a driving motor to drive a feeding screw to rotate to push the soil sample in the collecting cylinder to the other end for collection and treatment, and then completing the collection and sampling of the soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of geological exploration, and particularly relates to a geological exploration soil layer sampling method.
Background
Geological exploration is an investigation and research activity of surveying and detecting geology through various means and methods, determining a proper bearing stratum, determining a foundation type according to the foundation bearing capacity of the bearing stratum and calculating basic parameters.
The invention patent of Chinese patent CN201210092840.6 discloses a mechanical soil sampling device, which comprises a motor, a soil sampling drill, a soil sampling disc and a fixed box body, wherein the lower end of the soil sampling drill is provided with a spiral inner groove, the outer edge of the groove is provided with an outward small flange, the bottom end of the sampling drill is made into a sharp round-head drill profile, the upper end of the soil sampling drill is provided with a driven spur gear, the driven spur gear and a driving spur gear move in a matched manner, the driving spur gear is arranged on a main shaft of a first speed reducer, the first speed reducer is connected with an output shaft of a first motor, and the main shaft of the first speed reducer is fixedly connected with the upper end of the soil sampling drill; but soil sampling bores vertical rotation and removes and passes one of them soil collection room, installs the baffle in the fixed box, and the baffle is located the top of soil collection disc, and the baffle tip stretches into in the spiral inner groovy that soil sampling bored. The invention has the advantages of convenient use, reliable work, simple structure, high efficiency and good applicability.
The invention as Chinese patent CN113008613A relates to the technical field of exploration equipment, in particular to an electric rotary sampler for field geological exploration, which comprises: a spindle assembly; the rotary driving assembly is arranged on the main shaft assembly, and the output end of the rotary driving assembly is connected with the stress end of the main shaft assembly; the drilling pipe assembly is arranged at the bottom of the rotary driving assembly, and the stress end of the drilling pipe assembly is connected with the output end of the main shaft assembly; the sampling driving assembly is arranged inside the drilling pipe assembly; the longitudinal movement linkage assembly is arranged inside the drill pipe assembly, and the drill bit is arranged at the bottom of the longitudinal movement linkage assembly; the top of the supporting base is provided with a guide rod and fastening components, and the fastening components are respectively arranged at four corners of the supporting base; the lifting driving assembly is arranged at the top of the supporting base, and the technical scheme can carry out targeted sampling on a soil layer with specified depth, so that the exploration sampling efficiency is improved, and the excessive manpower expenditure is reduced.
By combining the two disclosed prior arts, it can be concluded that the existing sampling equipment cannot continuously sample the soil during sampling, and the taken out soil is in a blocky structure and is not beneficial to subpackage transportation, therefore, a geological exploration soil layer sampling method is provided for solving the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a soil layer sampling method for geological exploration, which solves the problems that the sampling equipment provided by the background technology cannot continuously sample soil during sampling, and the taken soil is in a block structure and is not beneficial to subpackage and transportation by matching a swinging material pushing mechanism and a powder mechanism.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a geological exploration soil layer sampling method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, designing a set of soil layer sampling equipment;
s2, before sampling, a sampling person moves the fixed frame (1) of the soil layer sampling equipment to a place needing geological detection sampling through the mobile equipment;
s3, when sampling, a sampling person starts a sampling motor (2), the sampling motor drives a material taking screw rod (7) to rotate to drill soil, the drilled soil enters the sampling cylinder (3) along the material taking screw rod (7) in a spiral mode and slowly moves upwards, and meanwhile the sampling motor (2) drives a transmission shaft (91) and a fixed gear (96) sleeved outside to rotate; due to the limitation of the gear ring (92), the fixed gear (96) drives the meshed transmission gear (94) to revolve around the fixed gear (96) while rotating, the transmission gear (94) drives the connecting cylinder (93) to rotate together, the material taking screw (7) drives the fixed cylinder (113) to rotate simultaneously, the fixed cylinder rotates at the same rotating speed along with the material taking screw (7), the connecting cylinder (93) is driven to rotate through the transmission of the transmission gear (94), the rotating speed of the connecting cylinder (93) is different from that of the fixed cylinder (113), so that the fixed cylinder and the connecting cylinder rotate relatively, the eccentric wheel (117) is driven to rotate through the relative rotation, the eccentric wheel (117) can push the sliding cylinder (111) to stretch the strong spring (116) to slide downwards, the sliding cylinder (111) is stretched upwards due to the elasticity of the strong spring (116) after the eccentric wheel (117) rotates for 180 degrees, the shovel plates (112) on the two sides of the sliding cylinder (111) rotate and slide up and down to loosen soil in the sampling cylinder (3);
s4, the transmission shaft (91) drives the first bevel gear (101) and the second bevel gear (103) to rotate through the transmission bevel gear (102) at the bottom, the rotating connecting cylinder (93) drives the first bevel gear (101) and the second bevel gear (103) to rotate around the transmission bevel gear (102) to be meshed, so that the powder rack (104) and the material stirring shaft (105) revolve along with the connecting cylinder (93) while rotating along with the first bevel gear (101) and the second bevel gear (103), soil is crushed through the powder rack (94), and soil is stirred through the material stirring shaft (105);
s5, pushing out the crushed soil from a discharge hole (12) on one side of the sampling cylinder (3), falling on the upper end of the inclined sliding frame (4), sliding into the collecting cylinder (6) under the action of gravity, starting the driving motor (8) to drive the feeding screw (5) to rotate, pushing the soil sample in the collecting cylinder (6) to the other end for collecting and processing, and finishing the collection and sampling of the soil.
In the scheme, the soil layer sampling equipment comprises a sampling mechanism and a collecting mechanism, wherein one end of the fixing frame (1) is provided with the sampling mechanism for sampling soil, and one end of the sampling mechanism is provided with the collecting mechanism for collecting the sampled soil; the sampling mechanism comprises a sampling motor (2), a sampling cylinder (3), a sliding frame (4), a material taking screw (7) and a material outlet (12), wherein an inclined sliding frame (4) is fixed at one end of the fixed frame (1), and the sampling cylinder (3) is fixed inside the sliding frame (4);
the collecting mechanism comprises a feeding screw rod (5), a collecting barrel (6) and a driving motor (8), wherein the collecting barrel (6) is fixed at one end of a fixing frame (1) below the sliding frame (4), the driving motor (8) is fixed at one end of the collecting barrel (6), the feeding screw rod (5) is arranged inside the collecting barrel (6), and the output end of the driving motor (8) penetrates through the collecting barrel (6) and the feeding screw rod (5) to be fixedly connected.
In the scheme, a sampling motor (2) is fixed at the upper end of a sampling cylinder (3), a material taking screw rod (7) is arranged inside the sampling cylinder (3), the output end of the sampling motor (2) is fixedly connected with the top end of the material taking screw rod (7), a discharge hole (12) is formed in one side of the sampling cylinder (3) above a sliding frame (4), a swinging material pushing mechanism (9) for facilitating discharge of the discharge hole (12) is arranged at the upper end of the sampling cylinder (3), and a vibrating screening mechanism (11) for loosening a soil layer is arranged at the lower side of the swinging material pushing mechanism (9);
the swing pushing mechanism (9) comprises a transmission shaft (91), a toothed ring (92), a connecting cylinder (93), a transmission gear (94), a fixed shaft (95) and a fixed gear (96), the toothed ring (92) is fixed at the upper end of the sampling cylinder (3), the connecting cylinder (93) is rotatably arranged inside the bottom end of the toothed ring (92), the connecting cylinder (93) is rotatably arranged inside the upper end of the sampling cylinder (3), the transmission shaft (91) is arranged inside the connecting cylinder (93), the upper end of the transmission shaft (91) is fixedly connected with the output end of the sampling motor (2), and the fixed gear (96) is fixed outside the transmission shaft (91);
a plurality of fixed shafts (95) are fixed at the upper end of the connecting cylinder (93), a transmission gear (94) with one end meshed with the fixed gear (96) is rotatably sleeved outside the fixed shafts (95), the other end of the transmission gear (94) is meshed with the toothed ring (92), and a powder mechanism (10) for crushing and pushing materials is arranged at the bottom end of the connecting cylinder (93);
the powder mechanism (10) comprises a first bevel gear (101), a transmission bevel gear (102), a second bevel gear (103), a powder rack (104) and a material stirring shaft (105), a connecting shaft is fixed at the bottom end of the transmission shaft (91), the bottom end of the connecting shaft penetrates through the connecting cylinder (93) and is fixedly connected with the top end of the material taking screw rod (7), a transmission bevel gear (102) is arranged inside the connecting cylinder (93), the transmission bevel gear (102) is fixedly sleeved outside the connecting shaft, one end of the transmission bevel gear (102) is engaged with a first bevel gear (101), one end of the first bevel gear (101) penetrates through the connecting cylinder (93) and is fixed with a powder rack (104), the other end of the transmission bevel gear (102) is engaged with a second bevel gear (103), one end of the second bevel gear (103) penetrates through the connecting cylinder (93) and is fixed with a material stirring shaft (105).
In the scheme, the vibration screening mechanism (11) comprises a sliding cylinder (111), a shovel plate (112), a fixed cylinder (113), a limiting shaft (114), a lantern ring (115), a strong spring (116), an eccentric wheel (117) and a push rod (118), the fixed cylinder (113) is fixed outside the upper end of the material taking screw (7), and the sliding cylinder (111) is sleeved outside the fixed cylinder (113) in a sliding manner;
shovel plates (112) are obliquely fixed on two sides of the sliding barrel (111), a connecting groove is formed in one side of the fixed barrel (113), a limiting shaft (114) used for being connected with the sliding barrel (111) is fixed inside the connecting groove, a lantern ring (115) is fixed on the inner wall of the sliding barrel (111), the lantern ring (115) is sleeved outside the limiting shaft (114) in a sliding mode, a strong spring (116) is sleeved outside the limiting shaft (114), one end of the strong spring (116) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the top end of the connecting groove, the bottom end of the strong spring (116) is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the upper end of the lantern ring (115), and a push rod (118) is fixed on one side of the upper end of the material taking screw (7);
the other end of ejector pin (118) rotates and is provided with eccentric wheel (117), the outside of eccentric wheel (117) is fixed with the friction cover that frictional force is big, the bottom laminating of the upper end of friction cover and connecting cylinder (93), the bottom laminating of the bottom of friction cover and sliding cylinder (111).
In the scheme, a sealing cover is fixed at the upper end of the gear ring (92), the sampling motor (2) is fixed at the upper end of the sealing cover, and the upper end of the transmission shaft (91) penetrates through the sealing cover to be fixedly connected with the output end of the sampling motor (2).
In the scheme, through holes are formed in two ends of the connecting cylinder (93), anti-skidding sleeves are sleeved inside the through holes, and the first bevel gear (101) and the second bevel gear (103) are respectively rotatably sleeved inside the two anti-skidding sleeves.
Has the advantages that:
firstly, the sampling motor is adopted to drive the material taking screw rod to rotate to drill holes from the underground, the drilled soil is conveyed into the collecting cylinder through the discharge hole in one side of the sampling cylinder, and the drilled soil is pushed by the material feeding screw rod to be conveyed and collected, so that the steps from drilling of samples to collection of the samples can be completed conveniently, and the sampling device is more convenient to use.
Secondly, the invention adopts the matching of the swinging material pushing mechanism and the powder material mechanism, when the material taking screw rod rotates to push soil, the sampling motor can simultaneously drive the planetary gear set at the upper end of the connecting cylinder to rotate, so that the connecting cylinder rotates along with the fixed shaft, the powder frame and the material shifting shaft at two ends rotate along with the fixed shaft, due to the transmission effect of the bevel gear, the powder frame and the material shifting shaft can rotate along with the sampling motor while rotating along with the connecting cylinder, the self-rotating powder frame is used for crushing the soil, so that the sampled sample is more convenient to carry, the material shifting shaft is used for pushing the crushed soil material out of the sampling cylinder through the discharge port, the discharging is convenient, simultaneously, the vibration screening mechanism is matched, the eccentric wheel drives the sliding cylinder to slide up and down through the rotation of the material taking screw rod, so that the shovel plates at two sides of the sliding cylinder can pre-treat the soil in the sampling cylinder in a loosening manner, more make things convenient for unearthing, through above cooperation mode for it is higher to get the efficiency of material screw propelling movement soil sample, and the sample refines the higher more convenient carrying of degree, and the result of use is better.
When the sampling device is used, the sampling motor is started to drive the material taking screw rod to rotate to take materials, the taken materials are pushed into the upper end of the sampling cylinder, the material taking screw rod simultaneously drives the fixed cylinder to rotate, the fixed cylinder rotates along with the material taking screw rod at the same rotating speed, the connecting cylinder is driven to rotate through the transmission of the transmission gear, the rotating speed of the connecting cylinder is different from that of the fixed cylinder, so that the fixed cylinder and the connecting cylinder rotate relatively, the eccentric wheel is driven to rotate through the relative rotation, the eccentric wheel pushes the sliding cylinder to stretch the strong spring to slide downwards, the sliding cylinder is stretched upwards due to the elasticity of the strong spring after the eccentric wheel rotates 180 degrees, the shovel plates on the two sides of the sliding cylinder slide upwards and downwards to loosen soil in the sampling cylinder, then the soil is crushed through the powder frame, and the stirring shaft stirs the soil to push the crushed soil out of the discharge hole, fall on the carriage of slope and slide the inside of collecting vessel under the effect of gravity, start driving motor and drive the pay-off screw rod and rotate the soil sample propelling movement that will collect the inside of collecting vessel to the other end and collect the processing, can accomplish the soil sampling of geological survey for soil sampling's overall efficiency is higher, and the sample is more convenient to be handled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a soil layer sampling apparatus used in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a soil layer sampling apparatus used in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a soil layer sampling apparatus used in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of a soil layer sampling apparatus used in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a feeding screw of the soil layer sampling device used in the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a swinging pushing mechanism of the soil layer sampling device adopted in the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic top view of a swing pushing mechanism of the soil layer sampling device of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a swinging pushing mechanism of the soil layer sampling device used in the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a powder mechanism of a soil layer sampling device used in the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a powder mechanism of a soil layer sampling device used in the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic side sectional view of a powder mechanism of a soil layer sampling apparatus used in the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic front view of a vibrating screening mechanism of a soil sampling device used in the present invention;
FIG. 14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken at C of FIG. 13;
in the figure: 1. a fixed mount; 2. a sampling motor; 3. a sampling tube; 4. a carriage; 5. a feed screw; 6. a collection canister; 7. a material taking screw rod; 8. a drive motor; 9. swinging the pushing mechanism; 10. a powder mechanism; 11. a vibrating screening mechanism; 12. a discharge port; 91. a drive shaft; 92. a toothed ring; 93. a connecting cylinder; 94. a transmission gear; 95. a fixed shaft; 96. fixing a gear; 101. a first bevel gear; 102. a drive bevel gear; 103. a second bevel gear; 104. a powder frame; 105. a material stirring shaft; 111. a slide cylinder; 112. a shovel plate; 113. a fixed cylinder; 114. a limiting shaft; 115. a collar; 116. a strong spring; 117. an eccentric wheel; 118. and a push rod.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1-14, the present invention provides a technical solution:
a geological exploration soil layer sampling method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, designing a set of soil layer sampling equipment;
referring to fig. 1-14, the soil layer sampling device comprises a sampling mechanism and a collecting mechanism, wherein one end of a fixed frame 1 is provided with the sampling mechanism for sampling soil, and one end of the sampling mechanism is provided with the collecting mechanism for collecting sampled soil;
the sampling mechanism comprises a sampling motor 2, a sampling cylinder 3, a sliding frame 4, a material taking screw rod 7 and a discharge hole 12, wherein the inclined sliding frame 4 is fixed at one end of the fixing frame 1, the sampling cylinder 3 is fixed inside the sliding frame 4, the sampling motor 2 is fixed at the upper end of the sampling cylinder 3, the material taking screw rod 7 is arranged inside the sampling cylinder 3, the output end of the sampling motor 2 is fixedly connected with the top end of the material taking screw rod 7, the discharge hole 12 is formed in one side of the sampling cylinder 3 above the sliding frame 4, the upper end of the sampling cylinder 3 is provided with a swinging pushing mechanism 9 for facilitating discharging of the discharge hole 12, and a vibrating screening mechanism 11 for loosening a soil layer is arranged at the lower side of the swinging pushing mechanism 9;
the collecting mechanism comprises a feeding screw rod 5, a collecting barrel 6 and a driving motor 8, the collecting barrel 6 is fixed at one end of a fixing frame 1 below a sliding frame 4, the driving motor 8 is fixed at one end of the collecting barrel 6, the feeding screw rod 5 is arranged inside the collecting barrel 6, the output end of the driving motor 8 penetrates through the collecting barrel 6 and the feeding screw rod 5 to be fixedly connected, a sampling motor 2 is adopted to drive a material taking screw rod 7 to rotate to drill underground, drilled soil is conveyed to the inside of the collecting barrel 6 through a discharge port 12 on one side of the sampling barrel 3, and the drilled soil is pushed, transported and collected through the feeding screw rod 5, so that the steps from drilling of a sample to sample collection can be conveniently completed.
Referring to fig. 1 to 14, the swinging pushing mechanism 9 includes a transmission shaft 91, a toothed ring 92, a connecting cylinder 93, a transmission gear 94, a fixed shaft 95 and a fixed gear 96, the upper end of the sampling cylinder 3 is fixed with the toothed ring 92, the bottom end of the toothed ring 92 is internally and rotatably provided with the connecting cylinder 93, the connecting cylinder 93 is rotatably arranged inside the upper end of the sampling cylinder 3, the inside of the connecting cylinder 93 is provided with the transmission shaft 91, the upper end of the transmission shaft 91 is fixedly connected with the output end of the sampling motor 2, the fixed gear 96 is fixed outside the transmission shaft 91, the upper end of the connecting cylinder 93 is fixed with a plurality of fixed shafts 95, the outside of the fixed shaft 95 is rotatably sleeved with the transmission gear 94, one end of which is meshed with the fixed gear 96, the other end of the transmission gear 94 is meshed with the toothed ring 92, and the bottom end of the connecting cylinder 93 is provided with a powder mechanism 10 for crushing and pushing materials.
The powder mechanism 10 comprises a first bevel gear 101, a transmission bevel gear 102, a second bevel gear 103, a powder frame 104 and a material stirring shaft 105, wherein a connecting shaft is fixed at the bottom end of the transmission shaft 91, the bottom end of the connecting shaft penetrates through the connecting cylinder 93 and is fixedly connected with the top end of the material taking screw 7, the transmission bevel gear 102 is arranged inside the connecting cylinder 93, the transmission bevel gear 102 is fixedly sleeved outside the connecting shaft, one end of the transmission bevel gear 102 is meshed with the first bevel gear 101, one end of the first bevel gear 101 penetrates through the connecting cylinder 93 and is fixedly provided with the powder frame 104, the other end of the transmission bevel gear 102 is meshed with the second bevel gear 103, one end of the second bevel gear 103 penetrates through the connecting cylinder 93 and is fixedly provided with the material stirring shaft 105, when the material taking screw 7 rotates to push soil, the sampling motor 2 can simultaneously drive a planetary gear set at the upper end of the connecting cylinder 93 to rotate, so that the connecting cylinder 93 rotates along with the fixed shaft 95, make the powder frame 104 and the material stirring shaft 105 at both ends rotate thereupon, because bevel gear's transmission effect, powder frame 104 and material stirring shaft 105 also can carry out the rotation along with the motor 2 that takes a sample along with connecting cylinder 93 pivoted while, the powder frame 104 of rotation is used for smashing soil, make the sample of sample more conveniently carry, and material stirring shaft 105 is then for can be with the soil material after smashing from taking a sample section of thick bamboo 3 inside through discharge gate 12 release, make things convenient for the ejection of compact, through the above cooperation mode, make the efficiency of getting material screw 7 propelling movement soil sample higher.
Referring to fig. 1 to 14, in order to prevent the transmission gear 94 from sliding up and down, the meshing part of the toothed ring 92 and the transmission gear 94 is located on the upper end surface of the sampling cylinder 3, the length of the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the bottom end ring surface of the toothed ring 92 is the same as that of the upper end ring surface of the sampling cylinder 3, the toothed ring 92 and the sampling cylinder 3 are fixedly connected in a welding manner, and the meshing part of the toothed ring 92 and the transmission gear 94 is located on the upper end surface of the sampling cylinder 3, so that the sampling cylinder 3 can play a certain supporting effect on the transmission gear 94, and the transmission gear 94 is prevented from sliding downwards inside the toothed ring 92 and falling to a position where the transmission gear 94 is not meshed with the toothed ring 92.
In order to ensure the connection between the connecting cylinder 93 and the transmission gear 94, the outer wall of the upper end of the connecting cylinder 93 can be completely attached to the inner wall of the bottom end of the toothed ring 92, the diameter of the upper end of the fixing shaft 95 is larger than the opening diameter of the central hole in the transmission gear 94, so that the upper end part of the fixing shaft 95 can play a role in limiting the transmission gear 94, the transmission gear 94 can only rotate and cannot slide up and down outside the fixing shaft 95, the position of the connecting cylinder 93 is effectively limited, the connecting cylinder 93 can rotate inside the sampling cylinder 3, but cannot slide inside the sampling cylinder 3 to avoid falling.
In order to facilitate discharging, when the connecting cylinder 93 is rotatably arranged inside the upper end of the sampling cylinder 3, the powder frame 104, the stirring shaft 105 and the discharge port 12 are positioned on the same horizontal plane, so that the powder frame 104 can be conveniently and directly thrown out of the discharge port 12 after stirring the materials through the stirring shaft 105 after crushing the materials, and the collection and the treatment are convenient.
Referring to fig. 1-14, for better collection material, the outer wall of carriage 4 is smooth wall, and the carriage 4 outside is fixed with the outer frame that expands that stretches to one side, and the discharge end of carriage 4 is fixed with the filter pole, and glossy carriage 4 is difficult to the adhesion soil, expands the surface area that the frame can increase carriage 4 outward, plays the effect of gathering together the material, can effectively solve the problem that the material spills from carriage 4 all around.
The vibration screening mechanism 11 comprises a sliding cylinder 111, a shovel plate 112, a fixed cylinder 113, a limiting shaft 114, a lantern ring 115, a strong spring 116, an eccentric wheel 117 and a push rod 118, the fixed cylinder 113 is fixed outside the upper end of the material taking screw 7, the sliding cylinder 111 is sleeved outside the fixed cylinder 113 in a sliding mode, the shovel plate 112 is obliquely fixed on two sides of the sliding cylinder 111, a connecting groove is formed in one side of the fixed cylinder 113, the limiting shaft 114 used for connecting the sliding cylinder 111 is fixed inside the connecting groove, the lantern ring 115 is fixed on the inner wall of the sliding cylinder 111, the lantern ring 115 is sleeved outside the limiting shaft 114 in a sliding mode, the strong spring 116 is sleeved outside the limiting shaft 114, one end of the strong spring 116 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the top end of the connecting groove, the bottom end of the strong spring 116 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the upper end of the lantern ring 115, the push rod 118 is fixed on one side of the upper end of the material taking screw 7, the eccentric wheel 117 is rotatably arranged at the other end of the push rod 118, a friction sleeve with the eccentric wheel 117 is fixed outside the eccentric wheel with a friction sleeve with a large friction force, the upper end of the friction sleeve is attached to the bottom end of the connecting cylinder 93, and the bottom end of the friction sleeve is attached to the top end of the sliding cylinder 111.
Referring to fig. 1 to 14, in order to perform the capping process, a sealing cover is fixed to an upper end of the gear ring 92, the sampling motor 2 is fixed to an upper end of the sealing cover, an upper end of the transmission shaft 91 penetrates through the sealing cover to be fixedly connected with an output end of the sampling motor 2, the gear train is covered by the sealing cover to prevent dust from accumulating, and the sampling motor 2 can be effectively fixed to the upper end of the gear train.
In order to reduce friction force, through holes are formed in two ends of the connecting cylinder 93, anti-skidding sleeves are sleeved inside the through holes, the first bevel gear 101 and the second bevel gear 103 are respectively rotatably sleeved inside the two anti-skidding sleeves, so that the friction force between the inner walls of the rotating first bevel gear 101, the rotating second bevel gear 103 and the connecting cylinder 93 is reduced, the abrasion caused by the friction force is reduced, the service lives of the first bevel gear 101 and the second bevel gear 103 are prolonged, and the using effect is better.
S2, before sampling, a sampling person moves the fixed frame 1 of the soil layer sampling equipment to a place needing geological detection sampling through the mobile equipment;
s3, when sampling, a sampling person starts the sampling motor 2, the sampling motor drives the material taking screw 7 to rotate to drill soil, the drilled soil enters the sampling barrel 3 along the material taking screw 7 in a spiral mode and slowly moves upwards, and meanwhile the sampling motor 2 drives the transmission shaft 91 and the fixed gear 96 sleeved outside to rotate; due to the limitation of the gear ring 92, the fixed gear 96 drives the meshed transmission gear 94 to revolve around the fixed gear 96 while rotating, the transmission gear 94 drives the connecting cylinder 93 to rotate together, the material taking screw 7 drives the fixed cylinder 113 to rotate simultaneously, the fixed cylinder rotates at the same rotating speed as the material taking screw 7, the connecting cylinder 93 is driven to rotate through the transmission of the transmission gear 94, the rotating speed of the connecting cylinder 93 is different from the rotating speed of the fixed cylinder 113, so that the fixed cylinder and the connecting cylinder rotate relatively, the eccentric wheel 117 is driven to rotate through the relative rotation, the eccentric wheel 117 can push the sliding cylinder 111 to stretch the strong spring 116 to slide downwards, and after the eccentric wheel 117 rotates for 180 degrees, the sliding cylinder 111 is stretched upwards due to the elastic force of the strong spring 116, so that the shovel plates 112 on two sides of the sliding cylinder 111 slide upwards and downwards while rotating, soil in the sampling cylinder 3 is loosened;
s4, the transmission shaft 91 drives the first bevel gear 101 and the second bevel gear 103 to rotate through the transmission bevel gear 102 at the bottom, the rotating connecting cylinder 93 drives the first bevel gear 101 and the second bevel gear 103 to rotate and mesh around the transmission bevel gear 102, so that the powder rack 104 and the material shifting shaft 105 revolve along with the connecting cylinder 93 while rotating along with the first bevel gear 101 and the second bevel gear 103, soil is crushed through the powder rack 94, and soil is shifted through the material shifting shaft 105;
s5, pushing out the crushed soil from the discharge hole 12 on one side of the sampling cylinder 3, falling on the upper end of the inclined sliding frame 4, sliding into the collecting cylinder 6 under the action of gravity, starting the driving motor 8 to drive the feeding screw 5 to rotate, pushing the soil sample in the collecting cylinder 6 to the other end for collecting and processing, and finishing the collection and sampling of the soil.
The sampling motor 2 drives the material taking screw 7 to rotate to drill soil, the drilled soil enters the inner part of the sampling cylinder 3 along the material taking screw 7 in a spiral manner and slowly moves upwards, meanwhile, the sampling motor 2 drives the transmission shaft 91 and the fixed gear 96 sleeved outside to rotate, due to the limitation of the gear ring 92, the fixed gear 96 drives the meshed transmission gear 94 to rotate and simultaneously revolve around the fixed gear 96, the transmission gear 94 drives the connecting cylinder 93 to rotate together, the material taking screw 7 simultaneously drives the fixed cylinder 113 to rotate, because the fixed cylinder 113 rotates along with the material taking screw 7 at the same rotating speed, the connecting cylinder 93 rotates through the transmission of the transmission gear 94, the rotating speed of the connecting cylinder 93 and the rotating speed of the fixed cylinder 113 are different, so that the fixed cylinder 113 and the connecting cylinder 93 rotate relatively, the eccentric wheel 117 rotates through the relative rotation, and the eccentric wheel 117 can push the sliding cylinder 111 to stretch the strong spring 116, after the eccentric wheel 117 rotates 180 degrees, the sliding cylinder 111 is upwards stretched due to the elastic force of the strong spring 116, so that the shovel plates 112 on two sides of the sliding cylinder 111 slide up and down to loosen the soil in the sampling cylinder 3 while rotating, the transmission shaft 91 drives the first bevel gear 101 and the second bevel gear 103 to rotate through the transmission bevel gear 102 at the bottom, the rotating connecting cylinder 93 drives the first bevel gear 101 and the second bevel gear 103 to rotate around the transmission bevel gear 102 for meshing, so that the powder frame 104 and the material shifting shaft 105 revolve with the connecting cylinder 93 while rotating with the first bevel gear 101 and the second bevel gear 103, the soil is crushed through the powder frame 104 and the material shifting shaft 105 shifts the soil, the crushed soil is pushed out from the discharge port 12 on one side of the sampling cylinder 3, the upper end of the inclined sliding frame 4 slides into the collecting cylinder 6 under the action of gravity, the driving motor 8 is started to drive the feeding screw 5 to rotate to push the soil sample in the collecting cylinder 6 to the other end for collection treatment, and the collection and collection of the soil can be completed.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A geological exploration soil layer sampling method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, designing a set of soil layer sampling equipment;
s2, before sampling, a sampling person moves the fixing frame (1) of the soil layer sampling equipment to a place needing geological detection sampling through the mobile equipment;
s3, when sampling, a sampling person starts a sampling motor (2), the sampling motor drives a material taking screw rod (7) to rotate to drill soil, the drilled soil enters the sampling cylinder (3) along the material taking screw rod (7) in a spiral mode and slowly moves upwards, and meanwhile the sampling motor (2) drives a transmission shaft (91) and an externally sleeved fixed gear (96) to rotate; due to the limitation of the gear ring (92), the fixed gear (96) drives the meshed transmission gear (94) to revolve around the fixed gear (96) while rotating, the transmission gear (94) drives the connecting cylinder (93) to rotate together, the material taking screw (7) drives the fixed cylinder (113) to rotate simultaneously, the fixed cylinder rotates at the same rotating speed along with the material taking screw (7), the connecting cylinder (93) is driven to rotate through the transmission of the transmission gear (94), the rotating speed of the connecting cylinder (93) is different from that of the fixed cylinder (113), so that the fixed cylinder and the connecting cylinder rotate relatively, the eccentric wheel (117) is driven to rotate through the relative rotation, the eccentric wheel (117) can push the sliding cylinder (111) to stretch the strong spring (116) to slide downwards, the sliding cylinder (111) is stretched upwards due to the elasticity of the strong spring (116) after the eccentric wheel (117) rotates for 180 degrees, the shovel plates (112) on the two sides of the sliding cylinder (111) rotate and slide up and down to loosen soil in the sampling cylinder (3);
s4, the transmission shaft (91) drives the first bevel gear (101) and the second bevel gear (103) to rotate through the transmission bevel gear (102) at the bottom, the rotating connecting cylinder (93) drives the first bevel gear (101) and the second bevel gear (103) to rotate around the transmission bevel gear (102) to be meshed, so that the powder rack (104) and the material stirring shaft (105) revolve along with the connecting cylinder (93) while rotating along with the first bevel gear (101) and the second bevel gear (103), soil is crushed through the powder rack (94), and soil is stirred through the material stirring shaft (105);
s5, pushing out the crushed soil from a discharge hole (12) on one side of the sampling cylinder (3), falling on the upper end of the inclined sliding frame (4), sliding into the collecting cylinder (6) under the action of gravity, starting the driving motor (8) to drive the feeding screw (5) to rotate, pushing the soil sample in the collecting cylinder (6) to the other end for collecting and processing, and finishing the collection and sampling of the soil.
2. A method for soil sampling for geological exploration, as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the soil layer sampling equipment comprises a sampling mechanism and a collecting mechanism, wherein one end of the fixed frame (1) is provided with the sampling mechanism for sampling soil, and one end of the sampling mechanism is provided with the collecting mechanism for collecting the sampled soil; the sampling mechanism comprises a sampling motor (2), a sampling cylinder (3), a sliding frame (4), a material taking screw (7) and a material outlet (12), wherein an inclined sliding frame (4) is fixed at one end of the fixed frame (1), and the sampling cylinder (3) is fixed inside the sliding frame (4);
the collecting mechanism comprises a feeding screw rod (5), a collecting barrel (6) and a driving motor (8), wherein the collecting barrel (6) is fixed at one end of a fixing frame (1) below the sliding frame (4), the driving motor (8) is fixed at one end of the collecting barrel (6), the feeding screw rod (5) is arranged inside the collecting barrel (6), and the output end of the driving motor (8) penetrates through the collecting barrel (6) and the feeding screw rod (5) to be fixedly connected.
3. A method for soil sampling for geological exploration, as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: a sampling motor (2) is fixed at the upper end of the sampling cylinder (3), a material taking screw rod (7) is arranged inside the sampling cylinder (3), the output end of the sampling motor (2) is fixedly connected with the top end of the material taking screw rod (7), a discharge hole (12) is formed in one side of the sampling cylinder (3) above the sliding frame (4), a swinging material pushing mechanism (9) for facilitating discharge of the discharge hole (12) is arranged at the upper end of the sampling cylinder (3), and a vibrating screening mechanism (11) for loosening soil layers is arranged on the lower side of the swinging material pushing mechanism (9);
the swing pushing mechanism (9) comprises a transmission shaft (91), a toothed ring (92), a connecting cylinder (93), a transmission gear (94), a fixed shaft (95) and a fixed gear (96), the toothed ring (92) is fixed at the upper end of the sampling cylinder (3), the connecting cylinder (93) is rotatably arranged inside the bottom end of the toothed ring (92), the connecting cylinder (93) is rotatably arranged inside the upper end of the sampling cylinder (3), the transmission shaft (91) is arranged inside the connecting cylinder (93), the upper end of the transmission shaft (91) is fixedly connected with the output end of the sampling motor (2), and the fixed gear (96) is fixed outside the transmission shaft (91);
a plurality of fixed shafts (95) are fixed at the upper end of the connecting cylinder (93), a transmission gear (94) with one end meshed with the fixed gear (96) is rotatably sleeved outside the fixed shafts (95), the other end of the transmission gear (94) is meshed with the toothed ring (92), and a powder mechanism (10) for crushing and pushing materials is arranged at the bottom end of the connecting cylinder (93);
the powder mechanism (10) comprises a first bevel gear (101), a transmission bevel gear (102), a second bevel gear (103), a powder rack (104) and a material stirring shaft (105), a connecting shaft is fixed at the bottom end of the transmission shaft (91), the bottom end of the connecting shaft penetrates through the connecting cylinder (93) and is fixedly connected with the top end of the material taking screw rod (7), a transmission bevel gear (102) is arranged inside the connecting cylinder (93), the transmission bevel gear (102) is fixedly sleeved outside the connecting shaft, one end of the transmission bevel gear (102) is engaged with a first bevel gear (101), one end of the first bevel gear (101) penetrates through the connecting cylinder (93) and is fixed with a powder rack (104), the other end of the transmission bevel gear (102) is engaged with a second bevel gear (103), one end of the second bevel gear (103) penetrates through the connecting cylinder (93) and is fixed with a material stirring shaft (105).
4. A method for soil sampling for geological exploration, as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the vibration screening mechanism (11) comprises a sliding cylinder (111), a shovel plate (112), a fixed cylinder (113), a limiting shaft (114), a lantern ring (115), a strong spring (116), an eccentric wheel (117) and a top rod (118), the fixed cylinder (113) is fixed outside the upper end of the material taking screw (7), and the sliding cylinder (111) is sleeved outside the fixed cylinder (113) in a sliding mode;
shovel plates (112) are obliquely fixed on two sides of the sliding barrel (111), a connecting groove is formed in one side of the fixed barrel (113), a limiting shaft (114) used for being connected with the sliding barrel (111) is fixed inside the connecting groove, a lantern ring (115) is fixed on the inner wall of the sliding barrel (111), the lantern ring (115) is sleeved outside the limiting shaft (114) in a sliding mode, a strong spring (116) is sleeved outside the limiting shaft (114), one end of the strong spring (116) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the top end of the connecting groove, the bottom end of the strong spring (116) is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the upper end of the lantern ring (115), and a push rod (118) is fixed on one side of the upper end of the material taking screw (7);
the other end of ejector pin (118) rotates and is provided with eccentric wheel (117), the outside of eccentric wheel (117) is fixed with the friction cover that frictional force is big, the bottom laminating of the upper end of friction cover and connecting cylinder (93), the bottom laminating of the bottom of friction cover and sliding cylinder (111).
5. A method for soil sampling for geological exploration, as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the upper end of the gear ring (92) is fixedly provided with a sealing cover, the sampling motor (2) is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the sealing cover, and the upper end of the transmission shaft (91) penetrates through the sealing cover to be fixedly connected with the output end of the sampling motor (2).
6. A method for soil sampling for geological exploration, as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: through holes are formed in two ends of the connecting cylinder (93), anti-skidding sleeves are sleeved inside the through holes, and the first bevel gear (101) and the second bevel gear (103) are respectively rotatably sleeved inside the two anti-skidding sleeves.
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