CN114739705A - Magnetic suspension low-lying structure dynamic characteristic test device and test method - Google Patents
Magnetic suspension low-lying structure dynamic characteristic test device and test method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a magnetic suspension low-lying structure dynamic characteristic test device and a test method, comprising a model test box and a low-lying structure model arranged in the model test box; the loading system is arranged above the model test box and is used for applying mechanical load to a span in the low-position structural model; the system also comprises a monitoring device for measuring the internal parameter change of the low structure model in the loading process and a circulating rainfall system for simulating circulating rainfall. The device is provided with the circulating rainfall system, so that the dynamic characteristic test of the magnetic suspension low-lying structure under the natural working condition and the rainfall working condition can be realized, and the rainwater can be recovered; and meanwhile, the quantity of the recovered rainwater is measured, and data support is provided for the permeability characteristic of the low-lying structure subgrade under the condition of heavy rainfall.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a geotechnical test device and a test method, in particular to a magnetic suspension low-lying structure dynamic characteristic test device and a test method.
Background
The magnetic suspension train has no mechanical contact with the track structure, so the magnetic suspension train has the advantages of low vibration, low noise, quick acceleration and the like. As the suspension clearance between the magnetic suspension train and the track structure is small, the deformation control of the low-positioned structure is very strict, and experts in the industry generally consider that the magnetic suspension traffic should pass through in an overhead bridge structure form, so that the low-positioned structure is not suitable to be adopted. But for the road section with good ground layer characteristics and small filling height, the low-lying structure is superior in economy. The magnetic suspension traffic low-lying structure is composed of a rail bearing beam and a roadbed below the beam, and the structure, the rail load strength, the distribution width and the train load impact coefficient of a magnetic suspension train are completely different from those of a traditional railway system. Therefore, the structure of the railway ballastless track and the structure of the roadbed are not suitable for direct reference, and special research on the magnetic suspension low-lying structure is necessary.
At present, the dynamic characteristics of the magnetic suspension low-lying structure are mostly researched by adopting a numerical simulation and field monitoring method, but the research is rare on the indoor model test of the dynamic characteristics of the magnetic suspension low-lying structure. The magnetic suspension train operation characteristic is different from that of a traditional high-speed railway, the high-speed railway train generates concentrated load on a lower structure, the magnetic suspension train generates uniformly distributed load on a low structure, and the indoor model test converts the concentrated load generated by the actuator into the uniformly distributed load and is a key technology of the indoor model test. Secondly, the acting frequency and the dynamic load loading mode of the magnetic suspension train on the low structure are not clear, and further the dynamic characteristics of the magnetic suspension low structure can not be researched by utilizing an indoor model test.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a test device and a test method capable of truly reflecting the running characteristics of a magnetic suspension train aiming at the problems in the prior art, and the test result can reliably and accurately reflect the dynamic characteristics of a magnetic suspension low-lying structure.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a magnetic suspension low-lying structure dynamic characteristic test device comprises a model test box and a low-lying structure model arranged in the model test box; the loading system is arranged above the model test box and is used for applying mechanical load to a span in the low-position structural model; the system also comprises a monitoring device for measuring the internal parameter change of the low-position structure model in the loading process and a circulating rainfall system for simulating circulating rainfall.
Further, the low structure model comprises a two-span rail bearing beam model arranged along the model test box and a roadbed model arranged below the rail bearing beam model; the rail supporting beam model comprises a loading beam and a non-loading beam, and a loading system is arranged on the loading beam.
Furthermore, the loading system comprises a uniformly-distributed load tool which is arranged above the loading beam and is in contact with the loading beam, and an actuator for driving the uniformly-distributed load tool to move is arranged above the uniformly-distributed load tool; the actuator is arranged on the counter-force beam; the reaction beam comprises reaction upright columns arranged on two sides of the model test box and reaction cross beams arranged on the upper parts of the reaction upright columns.
Furthermore, the monitoring device comprises a movable soil pressure box for measuring pressure change of the roadbed model in the force loading process, an accelerometer for measuring acceleration change of the roadbed model in the force loading process, a laser displacement meter for measuring displacement change of the roadbed model in the force loading process and a hygrometer for measuring humidity in the roadbed model; the soil moving pressure box, the accelerometer, the laser displacement meter and the hygrometer are all waterproof measures, and the soil moving pressure box, the accelerometer, the laser displacement meter and the hygrometer are all connected to the data acquisition device.
Furthermore, the circulating rainfall system comprises a steel pipe bracket which is supposed to be arranged above the model test box, a water feeding pipe is fixedly arranged on the steel pipe bracket, and a plurality of spraying joints are arranged on the water feeding pipe; the water inlet of the water feeding pipe is arranged in the water tank and is fed with water through the water pump; the water feeding pipe is provided with a water feeding meter; a sewer pipe is arranged at the lower part of the model test box, and the outlet of the sewer pipe is connected with a water tank; the sewer pipe is also provided with a lower water meter.
Furthermore, the model test box is of a cuboid box type structure with an opening at the top, and comprises a plurality of side template units, a water collecting bottom plate and a plurality of bottom plate framework units; the side template unit comprises a side template framework and a panel which play a supporting role; the side formwork framework comprises an outer frame, a cross brace, a vertical brace and an inclined brace; the water collecting bottom plate is a steel plate with four sides extending upwards; the bottom plate framework unit comprises an outer frame, a cross brace, a vertical brace and an inclined brace; two opposite pull rods are arranged at the upper parts of the two oppositely arranged side formwork units.
Furthermore, the loading beam and the non-loading beam are assembled and connected through a steel bar, and the steel bar is arranged in sleeves in the loading beam and the non-loading beam.
A test method of a magnetic suspension low-lying structure dynamics test device comprises the following steps:
step 1: assembling a model test box, filling a low-level structure model, and arranging a monitoring device, a circulating rainfall system and a loading system;
step 2: determining a single loading period and a periodic load of dynamics of a low-position structure;
and step 3: carrying out cyclic loading on the test device in a plurality of loading periods, and acquiring data in the loading process; before loading and collecting data, and in the process of loading and collecting data, a circulating rainfall system is started to simulate rainfall irregularly and irregularly.
Further, the single load cycle is loaded in three consecutive periods: a loading period T0-T1, a dead load period T1-T2 and an unloading period T2-T3; the load linearly increases in the loading period; the load is kept stable in the period of constant load; the load decreases linearly during the unloading period.
Further, the load period calculation equation is as follows:
in the formula: l is a radical of an alcoholAir conditionerIs the gap between adjacent carriages, and v is the simulated train speed per hour;
the change rule of the load F along with the time in the loading period is as follows:
in the formula: fQuietFor applied static load, FColumn(s) ofIs the dead weight of a single train, t is the time, alpha isA coefficient of power;
the period of the deadtime period is calculated as follows:
in the formula: l isColumn(s) ofIs the length of a single train;
the change rule of the load F in the dead load period along with the time is as follows:
F＝Fquiet+FColumn(s) ofα
The unload period calculation is as follows:
the change rule of the load F along with time in the unloading period is as follows:
the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the device is provided with the circulating rainfall system, so that the dynamic characteristic test of the magnetic suspension low-lying structure under the natural working condition and the rainfall working condition can be realized, and the rainwater can be recovered; meanwhile, the quantity of the recovered rainwater is measured, and data support is provided for the permeability characteristic of the low-lying structure roadbed under the condition of heavy rainfall;
(2) the model test box is an assembled box body, and is simple and convenient to disassemble and convenient to transport;
(3) the invention selects a two-span rail bearing beam structure along the longitudinal direction, and can test the power response of the train to the low-position structure along the longitudinal diffusion rule;
(4) the device is provided with the uniformly-distributed load tool, a single loading period is divided into three continuous loading periods, namely a loading period, a dead load period and an unloading period, and the operation characteristics of the magnetic suspension train can be accurately simulated by the combination of the device and the loading method;
(5) the invention can fill different foundation bed thicknesses for multiple tests and provides test result support for the set standard of the thickness of the foundation bed of the magnetically suspended structure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the test device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the testing apparatus of the present invention (the box is a sectional view taken along line A-A, and the circulating rainfall system is a test chart).
FIG. 3 is a front view of the support rail beam model of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a side view of the support rail beam model of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an oblique perspective view of the model test box and the circulating rainfall system of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a top view of the details of the outlet end of the recirculating rainfall system of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a bottom view of the chassis frame of the base plate of the model test box of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is an oblique perspective view of the uniform load distribution tool of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a graph of a single load cycle over time according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a graph of a single load cycle over time, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 11-side template unit, 12-water collecting bottom plate, 13-bottom plate framework, 14-pair pull rod, 21-loading beam, 22-non-loading beam, 23-sleeve, 24-roadbed model, 31-counter-force beam, 32-actuator, 33-uniform loading tool, 41-soil moving pressure box, 42-accelerometer, 43-laser displacement meter, 44-hygrometer, 51-water tank, 52-water pump, 53-water feeding meter, 54-water feeding pipe, 55-spray joint, 56-steel pipe support, 57-water discharging meter and 58-water discharging pipe.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a magnetic suspension low-lying structure dynamic characteristic test device comprises a model test box and a low-lying structure model arranged in the model test box; the loading system is arranged above the model test box and is used for applying mechanical load to a span in the low-position structural model; the system also comprises a monitoring device for measuring the internal parameter change of the low-position structure model in the loading process and a circulating rainfall system for simulating circulating rainfall.
As shown in fig. 1, 5 and 7, the model test chamber is a rectangular parallelepiped box structure with an open top, and includes a plurality of side formwork units 11, a water collecting bottom plate 12 and a plurality of bottom plate skeleton units 13; the side formwork unit 11 comprises a side formwork framework and a panel which play a supporting role; the side formwork framework comprises an outer frame, a cross brace, a vertical brace and an inclined brace; the water collecting bottom plate 12 is a steel plate with four sides extending upwards; the bottom plate skeleton unit 13 includes an outer frame, a cross brace, a vertical brace and an inclined brace; two opposite pull rods 14 are arranged at the upper parts of the two opposite side formwork units 11.
The low-mounted structure model comprises a two-span rail bearing beam model arranged along the model test box and a roadbed model 24 arranged below the rail bearing beam model; the rail bearing beam model comprises a loading beam 21 and a non-loading beam 22, and a loading system is arranged on the loading beam 21. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the load beam 21 and the non-load beam 22 are assembled and connected through 5 steel bars, and two ends of the steel bars are respectively arranged in the sleeves 23 in the load beam 21 and the non-load beam 22.
As shown in fig. 2, the loading system includes a uniform load tool 33 disposed above the loading beam 21 and contacting with the loading beam, and an actuator 32 disposed above the uniform load tool 33 for driving the uniform load tool to move; the actuator 32 is provided on the reaction beam 31; the reaction beam 31 includes reaction columns provided on both sides of the model test chamber and reaction beams provided on the upper portions of the reaction columns. As shown in fig. 8, the length of the evenly distributed load tooling 33 is equal to the length of the rail supporting beam model, and the evenly distributed load tooling is formed by welding steel plates, firstly, 3 rectangular steel plates are welded into an i-shaped steel, then, a stiffening rib plate is welded between a top plate and a bottom plate of the i-shaped steel, and the arrangement position of the rib plate is correspondingly vertically aligned with the position of the loading beam.
The monitoring device comprises a movable soil pressure box 41 for measuring the pressure change of the roadbed model 24 in the force loading process, an accelerometer 42 for measuring the acceleration change of the roadbed model 24 in the force loading process, a laser displacement meter 43 for measuring the displacement change of the roadbed model 24 in the force loading process and a hygrometer 44 for measuring the humidity in the roadbed model 24; the earth moving pressure cell 41, the accelerometer 42, the laser displacement meter 43 and the hygrometer 44 are all connected to a data acquisition device. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the earth-moving pressure cell 41, the accelerometer 42, the laser displacement meter 43 and the hygrometer 44 are arranged longitudinally and transversely along the roadbed model, and waterproof protection measures are taken.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 5 and 6, the circulating rainfall system comprises a steel pipe bracket 56 which is supposed to be arranged above a model test box, a water feeding pipe 54 is fixedly arranged on the steel pipe bracket 56, and a plurality of spray connectors 55 are arranged on the water feeding pipe 56; the water inlet of the water feeding pipe 56 is arranged in the water tank 51 and is fed by the water pump 52; the water feeding pipe 56 is provided with a water feeding meter 53; a sewer pipe 58 is arranged at the lower part of the model test box, and the outlet of the sewer pipe 58 is connected with the water tank 51; a lower water meter 57 is also provided on the lower water pipe 58. The lower water meter is arranged at the position of the short side edge of the water outlet of the water collecting bottom plate 12 of the model test box, and the upper water and the recovered water share the same water tank 51.
As shown in fig. 10, a method for testing a magnetic suspension low structure dynamics testing apparatus includes the following steps:
step 1: assembling a model test box, filling a low-level structure model, and arranging a monitoring device, a circulating rainfall system and a loading system;
and 2, step: determining parameters of the low-position structure dynamics test device, a single loading period and a loading mode; the parameters include the speed per hour (v 33.33m/s) of the simulated magnetic levitation train and the length (L) of the individual trainColumn(s) of16.5m) and a gap (L) between adjacent carsAir conditioner0.6m) and the dead weight of a single train (F)Column(s) of77.4kN), a dynamic system (α 1.067), a static load applied by the actuator (F)Quiet＝13.5kN)。
And 3, step 3: carrying out cyclic loading on the test device in a plurality of loading periods, and acquiring parameter data in the loading process; before loading and collecting data, and in the process of loading and collecting data, a circulating rainfall system is started to simulate rainfall irregularly and irregularly.
A single load cycle is loaded in three consecutive periods: a loading period T0-T1, a constant loading period T1-T2 and an unloading period T2-T3; the load linearly increases in the loading period; the load is kept stable in the period of constant load; the load decreases linearly during the unloading period.
The load period calculation is as follows:
in the formula: l is a radical of an alcoholAir conditionerIs the gap between adjacent carriages, and v is the simulated train speed per hour;
the change rule of the load F along with the time in the loading period is as follows:
in the formula: fQuietFor static loading applied, FColumn(s) ofThe dead weight of a single train is adopted, t is time, and alpha is a power coefficient; t is less than or equal to 0.009 s.
The period of the deadtime period is calculated as follows:
in the formula: l isColumn(s)Is the length of a single train;
the change rule of the load F in the dead load period along with the time is as follows:
F＝Fquiet+FColumn(s) ofα＝13.5+77.4×1.069≈96.24(kN)
The unload period calculation is as follows:
the change rule of the load F along with time in the unloading period is as follows:
wherein: t is a time variable, and t is less than or equal to 0.009 s.
The model test box is an assembled box body, has the characteristics of simplicity and convenience in disassembly and convenience in transportation, can realize dynamic characteristic test of the magnetic suspension low-lying structure under natural working conditions and rainfall working conditions by adopting a circulating rainfall system, recovers rainwater, measures the quantity of the recovered rainwater, and provides data support for the permeability characteristic of the low-lying structure roadbed under strong rainfall conditions. A two-span rail bearing beam structure is selected along the longitudinal direction, and the power response of the train to the low-position structure can be tested along the longitudinal diffusion rule; the device can be used for filling different foundation bed thicknesses for multiple tests, and provides test result support for the set standard of the thickness of the magnetic suspension low-lying structure foundation bed. The device and the loading method are combined to accurately simulate the operation characteristics of the magnetic suspension train.
Claims (10)
1. A magnetic suspension low-lying structure dynamic characteristic test device is characterized by comprising a model test box and a low-lying structure model arranged in the model test box; the loading system is arranged above the model test box and is used for applying mechanical load to a span in the low-position structural model; the system also comprises a monitoring device for measuring the internal parameter change of the low-position structure model in the loading process and a circulating rainfall system for simulating circulating rainfall.
2. The dynamic characteristic test device for the magnetic suspension low-lying structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the low-lying structure model comprises a two-span rail-bearing beam model arranged along the model test box and a roadbed model (24) arranged below the rail-bearing beam model; the rail supporting beam model comprises a loading beam (21) and a non-loading beam (22), and a loading system is arranged on the loading beam (21).
3. The magnetic suspension low structure dynamic characteristic test device of claim 2, wherein the loading system comprises a uniformly distributed load beam (33) which is arranged above the loading beam (21) and is in contact with the loading beam, and an actuator (32) for driving the uniformly distributed load beam (33) to move is arranged above the uniformly distributed load beam (33); the actuator (32) is arranged on the reaction beam (31); the reaction beam (31) comprises reaction upright columns arranged on two sides of the model test chamber and reaction beams arranged on the upper parts of the reaction upright columns.
4. The magnetic suspension low-lying structure dynamics test device according to claim 3, characterized in that the monitoring device comprises a moving earth pressure cell (41) for measuring the pressure change of the roadbed model (24) in the force loading process, an accelerometer (42) for measuring the acceleration change of the roadbed model (24) in the force loading process, a laser displacement meter (43) for measuring the displacement change of the roadbed model (24) in the force loading process and a hygrometer (44) for measuring the humidity in the roadbed model (24); wherein, the soil moving pressure box (41) and the accelerometer (42) adopt waterproof measures, and the soil moving pressure box (41), the accelerometer (42), the laser displacement meter (43) and the hygrometer (44) are all connected to the data acquisition device.
5. The magnetic suspension low-lying structure dynamics test device of claim 4, characterized in that the circulating rainfall system comprises a steel pipe bracket (56) arranged above the model test box, a water supply pipe (54) is fixedly arranged on the steel pipe bracket (56), and a plurality of spray joints (55) are arranged on the water supply pipe (56); the water inlet of the water feeding pipe (56) is arranged in the water tank (51) and is fed by the water pump (52); an upper water meter (53) is arranged on the upper water pipe (56); a sewer pipe (58) is arranged at the lower part of the model test box, and the outlet of the sewer pipe (58) is connected with the water tank (51); the sewer pipe (58) is also provided with a lower water meter (57).
6. The magnetic suspension low structure dynamics test device of claim 1, characterized in that the model test box is a rectangular box structure with an open top, and comprises a plurality of side template units (11), a water collecting bottom plate (12) and a plurality of bottom plate framework units (13); the side formwork unit (11) comprises a side formwork framework and a panel which play a supporting role; the side formwork framework comprises an outer frame, a cross brace, a vertical brace and an inclined brace; the water collecting bottom plate (12) is a steel plate with four sides extending upwards; the bottom plate framework unit (13) comprises an outer frame, a cross brace, a vertical brace and an inclined brace; two opposite pull rods (14) are arranged at the upper parts of the two opposite side formwork units (11).
7. The magnetic levitation low structure dynamics test device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the loading beam (21) and the unloading beam (22) are assembled and connected through a plurality of steel bars, and the steel bars are arranged in sleeves (23) in the loading beam (21) and the unloading beam (22).
8. A test method of the magnetic suspension low structure dynamics test device according to claims 1-7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: assembling a model test box, filling a low-level structure model, and arranging a monitoring device, a circulating rainfall system and a loading system;
step 2: determining a single loading period and a periodic load of dynamics of a low-position structure;
and step 3: carrying out cyclic loading on the test device in a plurality of loading periods, and acquiring data in the loading process; before loading and collecting data, and in the process of loading and collecting data, a circulating rainfall system is started to simulate rainfall irregularly and irregularly.
9. The method for testing the magnetic levitation low structure dynamics testing apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein the single loading cycle is loaded in three consecutive periods: a loading period T0-T1, a constant loading period T1-T2 and an unloading period T2-T3; the load linearly increases in the loading period; the load is kept stable in the period of constant load; the load decreases linearly during unloading.
10. The testing method of the magnetic levitation low structure dynamics testing device as claimed in claim 9, wherein the loading period time interval calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula: l isAir conditionerIs the gap between adjacent carriages, and v is the simulated train speed per hour;
the change rule of the load F along with the time in the loading period is as follows:
in the formula: fQuietFor applied static load, FColumn(s) ofThe dead weight of a single train is adopted, t is time, and alpha is a power coefficient;
the period of the deadtime period is calculated as follows:
in the formula: l isColumn(s) ofIs the length of a single train;
the change rule of the load F in the dead load period along with the time is as follows:
F＝Fquiet+FColumn(s) ofα
The calculation formula for the unloading period is as follows:
the change rule of the load F along with time in the unloading period is as follows:
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN207703654U (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-08-07 | 湘潭大学 | Ballastless track of high-speed railway changeover portion roadbed power additional settlement model test apparatus |
| CN110749517A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-02-04 | 中南大学 | Model test device and method for dynamic characteristics of roadbed soil under circulating humidification effect |
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- 2022-04-27 CN CN202210457760.XA patent/CN114739705A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN207703654U (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-08-07 | 湘潭大学 | Ballastless track of high-speed railway changeover portion roadbed power additional settlement model test apparatus |
| CN110749517A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-02-04 | 中南大学 | Model test device and method for dynamic characteristics of roadbed soil under circulating humidification effect |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 易旭鹏: "中低速磁悬浮试运线路基轨道梁结构性能研究" * |
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Application publication date: 20220712 |