CN114739018A - High-heat-conduction W-shaped vacuum heat-collecting tube solar heat-collecting system - Google Patents
High-heat-conduction W-shaped vacuum heat-collecting tube solar heat-collecting system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114739018A CN114739018A CN202210367081.3A CN202210367081A CN114739018A CN 114739018 A CN114739018 A CN 114739018A CN 202210367081 A CN202210367081 A CN 202210367081A CN 114739018 A CN114739018 A CN 114739018A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/40—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
- F24S70/20—Details of absorbing elements characterised by absorbing coatings; characterised by surface treatment for increasing absorption
- F24S70/225—Details of absorbing elements characterised by absorbing coatings; characterised by surface treatment for increasing absorption for spectrally selective absorption
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
- F24S70/60—Details of absorbing elements characterised by the structure or construction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-heat-conduction W-shaped vacuum heat-collecting tube solar heat-collecting system, and relates to the field of energy. This high-efficient solar energy collection system, vacuum tube inner tube intracavity are filled with high heat conduction gas, place the heat-transfer pipe that the heat conductivity is high near with inner tube chamber diameter in a plurality of vacuum tube inner tube intracavity, and heat-transfer pipe surface has plated the low emissivity heat transfer selective coating of high heat conductivity, and the heat-transfer pipe both sides are equipped with the heat transfer pipe that the good heat conductivity of contact is high. The heat transfer pipe with excellent heat conduction and the diameter close to that of the pipe cavity is arranged in the inner pipe of the all-glass vacuum pipe, the heat transfer pipes with excellent heat conduction and good contact are arranged on two sides of the inner pipe, heated liquid is forced to flow in the heat transfer pipes, heat absorbed by the heat absorption pipes of the all-glass vacuum heat collection pipe is collected to the heat storage box through the heat transfer pipes by less heat resistance, the temperature difference between the heat absorption pipe surface and the heated liquid in the heat transfer pipes is less, and the defects that the temperature difference between the heat absorption pipe surface of the all-glass vacuum heat collection pipe and the heated liquid is large, the radiation heat dissipation is more, and the heat is effectively obtained less in a natural convection heat transfer mode are overcome.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy, in particular to a high-heat-conduction W-shaped vacuum heat-collecting tube solar heat-collecting system.
Background
Solar heat utilization requires heat collecting equipment. The full glass vacuum heat collecting tube is an important invention in the seventies and eighties of the last century, and becomes a green energy product with low manufacturing cost and popularization after decades of technical progress. However, since the solar water heater is heated by the surface of the all-glass vacuum heat collecting tube for many years, the water density is reduced and floats upwards, and the water density at lower temperature is higher and sinks to form convection so as to form circulation heating for the hot water tank which transfers the solar energy absorbed by the surface of the inner tube of the glass vacuum tube. The convection heat transfer requires a large temperature difference, and the temperature difference between the heated water and the surface of the heat absorption pipe is proportional to the light intensity. The test analysis shows that the number of the channels is about 0.075 ℃/W, when the glass vacuum tube is used for hot water at 95 ℃, the light intensity is 1000W/m2, the surface temperature of the inner tube of the glass vacuum tube reaches 170 ℃ (the physical image of the superheated water and the micro boiling shows no boiling), the number of the radiation emitting channels of the tube at 170 ℃ is 57 percent higher than that of the tube at 100 ℃, and the radiation heat dissipation capacity per unit area is 2.836 times higher. The reason is that the efficiency of producing hot water with the temperature more than or equal to 80 ℃ by the existing convection heat transfer glass vacuum heat collecting tube is very low. With the urgent need of the double carbon industry in China, the solar high-temperature hot water has wide market demand.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a high-heat-conduction W-shaped vacuum heat-collecting tube solar heat-collecting system, which solves the problem of low solar heat-collecting efficiency of an all-glass vacuum tube.
(II) technical scheme
In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a W-shaped vacuum heat-collecting tube solar heat-collecting system with high heat conductivity is characterized by that the inner tube of full-glass vacuum tube is filled with high-heat-conducting gas, a heat-transfer tube with high heat conductivity and close to the diameter of inner tube is placed, the heat-transfer tube is plated with high-heat-conductivity low-emissivity heat-transfer selective coating, and two sides of the heat-transfer tube are equipped with heat-transfer tubes with good contact and high heat conductivity, so that it can form a high-heat-conductivity system, and the heat energy converted from solar light absorbed from inner tube of full-glass vacuum tube can be transferred into the heated liquid in the heat-transfer tube by means of less heat resistance.
Preferably, the heat transmission pipe is in a W shape, a plurality of full-glass vacuum pipes are connected in series for heat collection, no broken end exists in the middle of each series connection group, a heated liquid inlet is formed in one end of the heat transmission pipe, the liquid which is forced to flow is continuously heated in the heat transmission pipe, and the liquid flows into the heat collection header pipe through an outlet in the other end of the heat transmission pipe.
Preferably, the high heat conduction system arranged in the tube cavity of the all-glass evacuated collector tube reduces the thermal resistance, reduces the temperature difference between the heated liquid and the heat absorption surface of the evacuated collector tube and reduces the heat loss.
Preferably, more all-glass evacuated collector tubes are connected in series through the W-shaped heat transfer tube, so that the surface temperature of the heat absorption tube at the inlet section is much lower than the final temperature of liquid, the surface temperature of the heat absorption tube at the outlet section is not much higher than the final temperature of heated liquid, and the surface temperature of the heat absorption tube of the whole series heat collection set is lower than the final temperature of the heated liquid, thereby further reducing heat loss.
Preferably, the vacuum heat collecting pipe is installed with the opening facing downwards, and the heat preservation header is installed at the lower part, so that light blocking is reduced, and the heat collecting efficiency is improved.
Preferably, the volume of the heat transfer pipe is only 3.88% of that of the glass vacuum heat collecting pipe, the heat inertia is small, the temperature rise starting is fast, and the heat storage and the heat dissipation are less during the non-heat collecting work.
Preferably, the heated liquid flows in the heat pipe, the heated liquid will not leak out even if the glass vacuum pipe is damaged, the heat collecting system can still continue to work, and the heat collecting system can be maintained when not collecting heat or the damaged glass vacuum heat collecting pipe can be replaced on line, thus the characteristic is suitable for unattended system.
Preferably, the pressure of the heat transmission pipe is more than or equal to 9MPa, and the glass vacuum heat collection pipe does not bear pressure, so that the probability of damage is reduced.
The working principle is as follows: the heat transfer tube 3 with close diameter is arranged in the cavity of the all-glass vacuum heat collection tube, the tube is plated with the heat transfer selective coating 6 with high heat conductivity and low emissivity, and the helium or hydrogen with good heat conduction is added in the glass tube cavity, so that the heat on the inner wall of the glass vacuum inner tube cavity is transferred by radiation, contact heat transfer and gas heat transfer to transfer the solar heat to the selective coating with low diameter of the inner tube cavity of the heat transfer tube 3, the heat transfer tubes 4 with good contact are arranged at two sides of the heat transfer tube 3, the heat transfer tubes 4 are in a continuous w shape to efficiently transfer the solar heat collected by a plurality of glass tubes to a heat storage pool or a place needing heat, the heat transfer working principle of the all-glass vacuum tube is changed, the natural convection heat transfer is changed into forced flowing high heat transfer of heated liquid, the transfer glass tubes are pressed, the liquid can work under the condition of higher pressure, the liquid flows in the heat transfer tubes 4, the damage of individual glass tubes does not influence the normal work of the steam system, the liquid storage of the heat collecting pipe is greatly reduced, the thermal inertia is reduced, and the heat loss of the storage is reduced.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a high-heat-conduction W-shaped vacuum heat-collecting tube solar heat-collecting system. The method has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention arranges a heat transfer pipe with the diameter close to that of the inner pipe cavity in the all-glass vacuum heat collecting pipe, the two sides of the heat transfer pipe are provided with heat transfer pipes with good contact and heat conduction, heated liquid is forced to flow in the heat transfer pipes, heat absorbed by the heat absorption pipes is collected to the heat storage box through the heat transfer pipes with less thermal resistance, the temperature difference between the surface of the heat absorption pipes and the heated liquid in the heat transfer pipes is less, and the defects of large temperature difference between the surface of the heat absorption pipes and the temperature of production water, more radiation heat dissipation and less effective heat gain are overcome.
2. The liquid of the invention flows in the heat pipe, the glass pipe is not pressurized, one heat collection system is broken slightly and does not affect the continuous work of the system, the invention is suitable for unattended systems, and the invention combines the low-power light-gathering and heat-collecting technology, reduces the heat collection threshold, further improves the instant heat collection efficiency, and can produce low-pressure saturated steam with low cost.
3. The invention is installed in series in a long range, realizes that the average radiation heat dissipation temperature of the heat absorption tube surface is much lower than the final temperature of liquid, greatly reduces the heat dissipation capacity, and greatly improves the heat collection efficiency, and tests show that the production of hot water with the temperature of 60 ℃ is increased, and the instantaneous efficiency is 0.73 based on the heat absorption area, which is more than 2 times higher than that of the existing natural convection heat transfer vacuum heat collection tube based on the heat absorption area.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a glass-vacuum tube according to the present invention.
The solar vacuum heat collector comprises a solar mounting frame 1, a full-glass vacuum tube 201, an inner tube 202, an outer tube 3, a heat transfer tube 4, a heat transfer tube 5, a vacuum cavity 6, a high-heat-absorptivity low-emissivity photothermal conversion selective coating 7, a high-heat-conductivity low-emissivity heat transfer selective coating 8 and high-heat-conductivity gas.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the solar heat collector comprises a solar energy mounting frame 1, a plurality of all-glass vacuum tubes 2 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the solar energy mounting frame 1, each of the plurality of all-glass vacuum tubes 2 is composed of an inner tube 201 and an outer tube 202, a vacuum chamber 5 is arranged between the inner tube 201 and the outer tube 202 of each of the plurality of all-glass vacuum tubes 2, high thermal conductivity gas 8 is filled in each of the plurality of all-glass vacuum tubes 2, a heat transfer tube 3 with high thermal conductivity and a diameter similar to that of the inner tube 201 is placed on the inner wall of each of the plurality of all-glass vacuum tubes 2, a high thermal conductivity and low emissivity selective coating 7 is plated on the surface of the heat transfer tube 3, good contact heat transfer tubes 4 with high thermal conductivity are arranged on two sides of the heat transfer tube 3, a high endothermic rate and low emissivity selective coating 6 is plated on the surface of the tube wall of the inner tube 201, heat transfer liquid is forced to flow in the heat transfer tubes 4, and heat absorbed by the heat absorption tubes is collected to a heat storage tank through the heat transfer tubes 4 with less thermal resistance, the temperature difference between the heat absorption pipe surface and the heated liquid in the heat transmission pipe 4 is less, and the defects of large temperature difference between the natural convection heat absorption pipe surface and the production water, more radiation heat dissipation and less effective heat gain are overcome;
the heat transmission pipe 4 is in a W shape, one end of the heat transmission pipe 4 is provided with a heated liquid inlet, the other end of the heat transmission pipe 4 flows into the heat collecting main pipe, a high heat conduction system is arranged in the cavity of the inner pipe 201 of the vacuum pipe 2, the heat transmission pipe 4 is connected in series with a plurality of full-glass vacuum pipes 2, the volume of the heat transmission pipe 4 is only 3.88 percent of the volume of the full-glass vacuum pipe 2, the heated liquid flows in the heat transmission pipe 4, the pressure bearing of the heat transmission pipe 4 is more than or equal to 9MPa, and the full-glass vacuum pipe 2 is not pressure bearing.
The results obtained by the experiment were as follows:
the experimental time is 12 months and 31 days in 2021, the weather is cloudy and turns to negative, the temperature is 0 ℃, the input water temperature is 13.3 ℃, 1000 liters of water tank are pumped from the bottom of the water tank to the heat collecting system, and higher temperature water is injected from the upper part. The heat collecting system is provided with 60 high heat conducting W-shaped vacuum heat collecting tubes, 11.16m2 reflecting mirrors, an effective heat collecting area of 13.775m2, an inclination angle radiation value of 8.516MJ/m2 and a horizontal radiation value of 6.023MJ/m2, wherein the inclination angle radiation value is 4 hours and 45 minutes (8 hours and 50 minutes to 13 hours and 35 minutes) during testing. The heat gain of the test result is 85.68MJ, the instantaneous efficiency is 0.73 based on the heat absorption area, and the instantaneous efficiency is 0.593 based on the light field area;
60 high-heat-conduction W-type vacuum heat collecting tubes are arranged, an 11.16m2 reflector is arranged, a 1000-liter water tank is matched, low-temperature water is pumped from the bottom of the water tank and enters a heat collecting system, high-temperature water is injected from the upper part of the water tank, a hot water outlet is provided with a temperature meter, the water tank temperature meter is arranged in the middle of the water tank, the temperature of the temperature meter starts to rise after nearly two hours (50 minutes at 8 hours to 35 minutes at 10 hours), heat is diffused to the bottom after three hours, and the reading of the water temperature meter basically reflects the actual temperature of the water tank;
the heat absorption area is 1.8 m X4.8 m +11.16m2X0.5 (linear index) x 0.92 (reflectivity) is 8.64m2+5.135m2 is 13.775m2, and the radiation value is 8.516MJ/m2X13.775m2 is 117.31 MJ. Producing hot water with the temperature of 50 ℃, the average horizontal radiation value of 334.6W/m2 at the temperature of 5 ℃, and the heat value of 1000 KgX20.4 ℃ (33.7 ℃ -13.3 ℃) X4.2 KJ/Kg. ℃ of 85.68 MJ;
based on the heat absorption area, the instantaneous heat efficiency is 85.68 MJ/117.31 is 0.7304. Compared with a qualified product, the instant thermal efficiency curve eta based on the heat absorption area is 0.65-2.8T ═ 0.65-2.8 x (50 ℃ -5 ℃)/334.6 is 0.65-2.8X 0.1345 ═ 0.27343, and the instant thermal efficiency based on the heat absorption area is 2.67 times that of a conventional vacuum heat collecting tube.
Light field area X5 m width of 4.8 m line spacing 24.0m2, light field level total radiation value 24.0m 2X 334.6W/m2X5 h 144.55MJ, heat collection area instantaneous heat efficiency 85.68 MJ/144.55 MJ 0.592736, and certain qualified product is based on light field area instantaneous efficiency eta 0.18-0.89T '+ 0.003 GT'2＝0.0785
The high heat conduction W-shaped vacuum heat collecting pipe is 7.6 times of instantaneous efficiency based on the light field area under the same condition of a convection heat transfer all-glass vacuum heat collecting pipe.
And the experimental tables are as follows:
although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a high heat conduction W type evacuated collector tube solar heat collecting system, includes solar energy installation frame (1), the inner wall fixedly connected with of solar energy installation frame (1) a plurality of full glass vacuum tubes (2), a plurality of full glass vacuum tubes (2) all constitute by inner tube (201) and outer tube (202), be provided with vacuum cavity (5) between inner tube (201) and the outer tube (202) of full glass vacuum tube (2), characterized by: the solar heat collector is characterized in that high heat conducting gas (8) is filled inside the all-glass vacuum tubes (2), heat transfer tubes (3) which are close to the inner tube (201) in diameter and high in heat conductivity are placed on the inner walls of the all-glass vacuum tubes (2), heat transfer tubes (7) which are high in heat conductivity and low in emissivity are plated on the surfaces of the heat transfer tubes (3), heat transfer tubes (4) which are good in contact and high in heat conductivity are installed on the two sides of each heat transfer tube (3), and photo-thermal conversion selective coatings (6) which are high in heat absorptivity and low in emissivity are plated on the surfaces of the tube walls of the inner tubes (201).
2. The high thermal conductivity W-shaped evacuated collector tube solar heat system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the heat transfer pipe (4) is in a W shape, one end of the heat transfer pipe (4) is provided with a heated liquid inlet, and an outlet at the other end of the heat transfer pipe (4) flows into the heat collecting main pipe.
3. The high thermal conductivity W-shaped evacuated collector tube solar heat system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cavity of the all-glass vacuum tube (2) is provided with a high heat conducting system.
4. The high thermal conductivity W-shaped evacuated collector tube solar heat system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the heat transfer pipe (4) is connected in series with a plurality of all-glass vacuum pipes (2).
5. The high thermal conductivity W-shaped evacuated collector tube solar heat system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the volume of the heat transfer pipe (4) is only 3.88 percent of that of the full-glass vacuum pipe (2).
6. The high thermal conductivity W-shaped evacuated collector tube solar heat system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the liquid to be heated flows in the heat transfer pipe (4).
7. The high thermal conductivity W-type evacuated collector tube solar heat collecting system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pressure bearing of the heat transfer pipe (4) is more than or equal to 9Mpa, and the all-glass vacuum pipe (2) does not bear pressure.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210367081.3A CN114739018A (en) | 2022-04-08 | 2022-04-08 | High-heat-conduction W-shaped vacuum heat-collecting tube solar heat-collecting system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210367081.3A CN114739018A (en) | 2022-04-08 | 2022-04-08 | High-heat-conduction W-shaped vacuum heat-collecting tube solar heat-collecting system |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07324826A (en) * | 1994-05-30 | 1995-12-12 | Shiroki Corp | Vacuum duplex glass tube |
| CN2692589Y (en) * | 2004-03-30 | 2005-04-13 | 邱永兴 | Water jacket heat collecting assembly for solar water heater |
| JP2011145053A (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2011-07-28 | Dalian Sievert Testing Equipment Co Ltd | Heat collecting module of metal-glass set heat collecting pipe and connection method |
| CN103017361A (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2013-04-03 | 贾祖仪 | Energy-efficient coil type heat collector |
| WO2013183067A2 (en) * | 2012-06-07 | 2013-12-12 | Parekh Sharad Bhupendrabhai | An improved heat collection element for linear collector |
| CN208312728U (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2019-01-01 | 楚雄师范学院 | A kind of thermal storage type vacuum tube solar thermal collection system |
-
2022
- 2022-04-08 CN CN202210367081.3A patent/CN114739018A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07324826A (en) * | 1994-05-30 | 1995-12-12 | Shiroki Corp | Vacuum duplex glass tube |
| CN2692589Y (en) * | 2004-03-30 | 2005-04-13 | 邱永兴 | Water jacket heat collecting assembly for solar water heater |
| JP2011145053A (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2011-07-28 | Dalian Sievert Testing Equipment Co Ltd | Heat collecting module of metal-glass set heat collecting pipe and connection method |
| CN103017361A (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2013-04-03 | 贾祖仪 | Energy-efficient coil type heat collector |
| WO2013183067A2 (en) * | 2012-06-07 | 2013-12-12 | Parekh Sharad Bhupendrabhai | An improved heat collection element for linear collector |
| CN208312728U (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2019-01-01 | 楚雄师范学院 | A kind of thermal storage type vacuum tube solar thermal collection system |
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