CN112178947A - Tower type solar light-gathering and heat-absorbing system - Google Patents

Abstract

A tower-type solar light-gathering and heat-absorbing system is composed of a light-gathering system and a positive-displacement heat absorber. Compared with the traditional tower type light-gathering and heat-absorbing system, the light-gathering device is placed in soil on the ground or below the ground in a light-gathering secondary reflection mode, the static load of a tower type supporting structure is reduced, the length of an outdoor water pipeline is reduced, and the risk of freezing the pipeline is reduced. The light-transmitting cover plate is arranged at the top of the positive displacement heat absorber, so that the light-transmitting cover plate basically does not bear pressure, a thin light-transmitting cover plate can be used, the transmittance of solar radiation is improved, and the heat absorption efficiency is improved. The porous heat absorbing material is arranged at the lower part in the positive displacement heat absorber, which is beneficial to realizing the convection enhanced heat transfer of the internal fluid and realizing the rapid temperature rise of the internal heat transfer medium. The tower type light-gathering heat absorption system has wide applicability in regions with abundant and richer solar energy resources in northern China.

Description

A tower solar concentrating heat absorption system

technical field

The invention relates to a solar energy concentrating heat absorption system.

Background technique

Solar energy is an inexhaustible renewable energy. Today, when fossil fuels are decreasing year by year and the international energy situation is becoming more and more severe, the development and utilization of solar energy is one of the important ways to realize energy supply diversification and ensure energy security. Solar concentrating heat absorption system is a thermal energy conversion system that can convert solar heat into heat transfer medium heat, which can be widely used in solar heating, industrial heat utilization and other systems.

The solar concentrating heat absorption system has various concentrating forms such as tower type, trough type, and Fresnel type. Among them, the tower type is more suitable for mountainous terrain. my country's flat land resources are small and expensive, and it is suitable for tower concentrating systems in mountainous terrain. It will be one of the important heat collection methods for the development of solar thermal utilization in the future.

Patent No. 201110425035.6 "A Plate Heat Absorber for Tower Solar Thermal Power Generation" relates to a plate heat absorber for tower solar thermal power generation, including a heat absorber and at least one flat or trough curved plate that indirectly absorbs radiation. The heat-absorbing plate and the non-radiation-absorbing flat plate or grooved bent plate are arranged in parallel and at a close distance, and the long and narrow gap formed between the two serves as a long and narrow channel for the circulation of the heat-absorbing working medium. The narrow and long channel is connected with the inlet and outlet pipes of the heat absorber through a tapered flat channel at the upstream and downstream of the heat-absorbing working medium, respectively. The side of the heat absorbing plate facing the solar radiation is coated with a high absorption rate coating, and the side facing the heat absorbing channel is arranged with a spoiler element. The heat absorbing plate is arranged on the light opening or inside the heat absorber away from the light opening. The invention can be used in medium and high temperature solar thermal power generation and other medium and high temperature solar thermal utilization fields. This patent is significantly different from the present invention in structure.

Patent 201610902614.8 "A heating surface module of a concentrating tower type solar heat absorber on the back of a tube" discloses a heating surface module of a concentrating tower type solar heat absorber on the back of a tube, including a lower header, a lower connecting pipe row, and an upper connecting pipe A row, an upper header, and a heat-absorbing tube panel, the lower end of the heat-absorbing tube panel and the lower header are connected by a lower connecting tube row, and the upper end of the heat-absorbing tube panel and the upper header are connected by an upper connecting tube row. A certain gap is left between adjacent tubes in the heat-absorbing tube panel, and the backlight surface of each tube of the heat-absorbing tube panel is provided with its own concave curved surface that has the function of reflecting incoming light. The invention reduces the heating concentration of the tube, thereby reducing the difference between the heating of the tube towards the light side and the backlight side, and alleviating the serious deformation and the problem of excessive stress caused by the uneven heating of the tube towards the light side and the backlight side ; The invention reduces the pipe wall temperature in the point area of the front side of the pipe, thereby increasing the safety margin of the operation of the heating surface. The patent adopts a tubular heat absorption method.

Patent 200580047405.X "Volume Solar Receiver" relates to a volumetric solar receiver, including a heat absorption cavity, a glass window, and a working fluid inlet pipe and an outlet pipe connected to the heat absorption cavity, and the glass window is made of a double-layer hollow. It is composed of glass, the hollow part of which is formed as an inner cavity, the inner cavity is provided with an outlet connected to the heat absorption cavity, and the working fluid inlet pipe is communicated with the inner cavity and communicated with the heat absorption cavity through the outlet of the inner cavity cavity.

Patent 201410495002.2 "A Volumetric Air Heat Absorber with Rotating Heat Absorber" relates to a volumetric air heat absorber with a rotating heat absorber, and its heat absorption device is composed of multiple rotating heat absorption rods. The heat-absorbing rod is composed of a plurality of heat-absorbing cylinders and rotating shafts. The heat-absorbing cylinder is a hollow concentric cylindrical cylinder, which is integrally formed with silicon carbide foam ceramics. The inner wall of the heat-absorbing cylinder is machined with a clamping groove. The rotating shaft is a cylinder, the outside of the rotating shaft is provided with protrusions, and the clamping grooves and the protrusions are closely matched. The rotating shaft is integrally formed by dense high temperature resistant ceramic or heat resistant alloy steel. The axis of the rotating shaft coincides with the axis of the heat-absorbing cylinder, and the heat-absorbing cylinder is sleeved outside the rotating shaft. The invention can obtain high-temperature air with a temperature range of 700°C-1300°C, normal pressure or pressure above 1MPa, and at the same time utilize its own sensible heat to store heat, and can be used for cavity-type non-pressurized and non-pressurized air heat absorbers, and can also For external cylindrical unpressurized air heat absorbers. This patent uses air as the heat transfer medium.

Patent 201620560955.7 "High-efficiency U-tube Volumetric Heat Exchanger" discloses a high-efficiency U-tube volumetric heat exchanger, which includes a water injection tank and a heat medium module. The water injection tank is separated by multiple return baffles to form Multiple return mixing chambers, in this way, the heat medium and the cold water form strong countercurrent and cross-flow, thus forming a perfect heat exchange flow mode in heat transfer. The thermal film coefficient makes the heat medium fully release heat and the cold water fully absorb heat, thereby improving thermal efficiency and energy utilization. This patent uses U-tube staggered arrangement as a means of enhancing heat transfer.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to propose a tower type solar energy concentrating heat absorption system, which converts solar heat into heat energy of heat transfer medium, and provides heat source for building heating, industrial heat utilization and other fields.

The technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

The tower type solar energy concentrating heat absorption system is composed of a light concentrating system and a volume type heat sink.

in,

The light collecting system is composed of a heliostat, a reflector and a tower support structure;

The volumetric heat absorber is composed of a light-transmitting cover plate, a porous heat-absorbing material, a thermal insulation frame, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, a sewage pipe, an air valve, a heat absorber support structure, and a protective plate. The upper part of the side of the thermal insulation frame is connected with a water outlet pipe, the lower part of the side is connected with a water inlet pipe, and the bottom is connected with a sewage pipe; the light-transmitting cover is connected to the top of the thermal insulation frame; the light-transmitting cover is provided with an air valve; the heat absorber support structure It is placed at the bottom of the thermal insulation frame; the protective plate is located on the top of the volumetric heat absorber and around the light-transmitting cover plate.

The porous heat-absorbing material is placed in the volumetric heat-absorbing device, so as to realize the convection-enhanced heat transfer of the internal heat-transfer fluid.

The volumetric heat absorber can be placed below ground level, in soil or in a basement equipment room.

The heat transfer medium used in the positive displacement heat absorber can be a low temperature heat transfer medium such as water, or a high temperature heat transfer medium such as molten salt and heat transfer oil.

The working principle and working process of the present invention are as follows:

When the solar energy resource conditions are good, the heliostat reflects the direct solar radiation to the reflector, and the reflector reflects the direct solar radiation to the transparent cover. After most of the solar radiation penetrates the transparent cover, some It is absorbed by the heat transfer medium inside the volumetric heat absorber, and a part is absorbed by the porous heat absorber material. The heat transfer medium is continuously heated by convection. When the set temperature requirement is reached, the higher temperature heat transfer medium flows out from the water outlet pipe. , the heat transfer medium with lower temperature flows in from the water inlet pipe and is heated again and again.

When there are too many impurities in the fluid in the volumetric heat absorber, the sewage is discharged from the sewage pipe after cleaning. In addition, in order to reduce the heat loss of the volumetric heat absorber during operation, the volumetric heat absorber must use a thermal insulation frame, and in the parts where thermal bridges are prone to occur, such as water inlet pipes, water outlet pipes, sewage pipes, and light-transmitting cover plates At the connection with the thermal insulation frame, use bridge breaking measures. The air valve ensures that there is no overpressure in the volumetric heat absorber.

Compared with the traditional tower concentrating heat absorption system, the present invention places the concentrator on the ground or in the soil below the ground by means of concentrating secondary reflection, thereby reducing the static load of the tower support structure and reducing outdoor The length of the water pipeline reduces the risk of freezing of the pipeline; the light-transmitting cover is placed on the top of the volumetric heat absorber, so that the light-transmitting cover is basically free of pressure, so a thinner light-transmitting cover can be used, and then The transmittance of solar radiation is improved, thereby improving the heat absorption efficiency; the porous heat absorption material is placed at the lower part of the interior of the volumetric heat absorber, which is helpful to realize the convection of the internal fluid and strengthen the heat transfer, so as to realize the internal heat transfer. Rapid heating of the medium. The tower-type concentrating heat-absorbing system has wide applicability in areas with abundant and abundant solar energy resources in northern my country.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of tower type concentrating heat absorption system of the present invention;

In the picture: 1 heliostat, 2 mirrors, 3 tower support structure, 4 light-transmitting cover, 5 porous heat absorbing materials, 6 thermal insulation frame, 7 water inlet pipes, 8 water outlet pipes, 9 sewage pipes, 10 air valves, 11 heat sink support structure, 12 protective plate.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, the tower solar concentrating heat absorption system is composed of a concentrating system and a volumetric heat absorber.

in,

The light collecting system is composed of a heliostat 1, a reflector 2 and a tower support structure 3;

The volumetric heat absorber is composed of a light-transmitting cover plate 4, a porous heat-absorbing material 5, a thermal insulation frame 6, a water inlet pipe 7, a water outlet pipe 8, a sewage pipe 9, an air valve 10, a heat absorber support structure 11, and a protective plate. 12 compositions. The upper part of the side of the thermal insulation frame 6 is connected with a water outlet pipe 8, the lower part of the side is connected with a water inlet pipe 7, and the bottom is connected with a sewage pipe 9; the transparent cover plate 4 is connected with the top of the thermal insulation frame 6; The valve 10; the heat absorber support structure 11 is placed at the bottom of the heat preservation frame 6;

The porous heat-absorbing material 5 is placed in the volumetric heat-absorbing device, so as to realize the convection-enhanced heat transfer of the internal heat-transfer fluid.

The volumetric heat absorber can be placed below ground level, in soil or in a basement equipment room.

The heat transfer medium used in the positive displacement heat absorber can be a low temperature heat transfer medium such as water, or a high temperature heat transfer medium such as molten salt and heat transfer oil.

The system working principle and working process of the present invention are as follows:

When the solar energy resource conditions are good, the heliostat 1 reflects the direct solar radiation to the reflector 2, and the reflector 2 reflects the direct solar radiation to the light-transmitting cover plate 4, and most of the solar radiation penetrates the light-transmitting cover. After the plate 4, a part is absorbed by the heat transfer medium inside the volumetric heat absorber, and a part is absorbed by the porous heat absorber 5, and the heat transfer medium is continuously heated by convection. The heat medium flows out from the water outlet pipe 8, and the heat transfer medium with lower temperature flows in from the water inlet pipe 7, and is heated over and over again.

When there are too many impurities in the fluid in the volumetric heat absorber, the sewage is discharged from the sewage pipe 9 after cleaning. In addition, in order to reduce the heat loss of the volumetric heat absorber during operation, the volumetric heat absorber must use a thermal insulation frame 6, and in the parts where thermal bridges are prone to occur, such as the water inlet pipe, the water outlet pipe, the sewage pipe, and the light-transmitting cover At the connection between the board and the thermal insulation frame, use the bridge breaking measures. The gas valve 10 can ensure that the phenomenon of excessive pressure does not occur in the volumetric heat absorber.

Compared with the traditional tower-type concentrating and heat-absorbing system, the present invention has the advantages that the concentrator is placed on the ground or in the soil below the ground by means of concentrating secondary reflection, so as to reduce the static load of the tower-type support structure 3, At the same time, the length of the outdoor water pipeline is reduced, and the risk of pipeline freezing is reduced; the light-transmitting cover plate 4 is placed on the top of the volumetric heat absorber, so that the light-transmitting cover plate is basically free of pressure, so a thinner transparent cover can be used. The light cover plate 4 improves the transmittance of solar radiation, thereby improving the heat absorption efficiency; the porous heat absorption material 5 is placed in the lower part of the volume type heat absorber, which is helpful to realize the convection strengthening of the internal fluid. Heat transfer to achieve rapid heating of the internal heat transfer medium. The tower-type concentrating heat-absorbing system has wide applicability in areas with abundant and abundant solar energy resources in northern my country.

Claims (4)

1. a tower type solar energy concentrating heat absorption system, it is characterized in that: described tower type solar energy concentrating heat absorption system is made up of a concentrating system and a volume type heat absorber; The condensing system is composed of a heliostat (1), a reflector (2) and a tower support structure (3); The volumetric heat absorber is composed of a light-transmitting cover plate (4), a porous heat-absorbing material (5), a thermal insulation frame (6), a water inlet pipe (7), a water outlet pipe (8), a sewage pipe (9), a gas A valve (10), a heat absorber support structure (11), and a protective plate (12) are composed; A water outlet pipe (8) is connected to the upper part of the side of the heat preservation frame (6), a water inlet pipe (7) is connected to the lower part of the side, and a sewage pipe (9) is connected to the bottom; the transparent cover plate (4) and the heat preservation frame (6) The tops are connected; the light-transmitting cover plate (4) is provided with an air valve (10); the heat absorber support structure (11) is placed at the bottom of the heat preservation frame (6); the protective plate (10) is placed on the top of the volumetric heat absorber , around the light-transmitting cover plate (4). 2. The tower type solar energy concentrating heat absorption system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the porous heat absorption material (5) is placed in the volume type heat absorber, so as to realize the convection of the internal heat transfer fluid and strengthen the heat transfer. 3. The tower type solar concentrating heat absorption system according to claim 1, wherein the volume type heat absorber is placed below the ground level, or placed in the soil or a basement equipment room. 4. The tower type solar energy concentrating heat absorption system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat transfer working medium in the volume type heat absorber is water, molten salt or heat conduction oil.

Images