CN114738719A - Solid-state thermochemical energy storage and heat supply, peak shaving and power generation system and method - Google Patents
Solid-state thermochemical energy storage and heat supply, peak shaving and power generation system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114738719A CN114738719A CN202210304625.1A CN202210304625A CN114738719A CN 114738719 A CN114738719 A CN 114738719A CN 202210304625 A CN202210304625 A CN 202210304625A CN 114738719 A CN114738719 A CN 114738719A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/22—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method using combustion under pressure substantially exceeding atmospheric pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B33/00—Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
- F22B33/18—Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
- F22B35/008—Control systems for two or more steam generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D11/00—Feed-water supply not provided for in other main groups
- F22D11/02—Arrangements of feed-water pumps
- F22D11/06—Arrangements of feed-water pumps for returning condensate to boiler
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/003—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using thermochemical reactions
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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Abstract
The invention provides a solid thermochemical energy storage, heat supply, peak regulation and power generation system and method which are simple in system, high in heat storage density and capable of realizing large-scale industrial energy storage and heat supply. The invention provides a solid thermochemical energy storage and heat supply system which comprises a blower, a steam generator and a solid energy storage device arranged on a connecting pipeline between the blower and the steam generator, wherein the solid energy storage device comprises a shell, a solid energy storage module arranged in the shell and an electric heater for heating the solid energy storage module, and energy storage materials forming the solid energy storage module comprise ferromanganese composite oxides.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of energy storage, in particular to a solid-state thermochemical energy storage and heat supply system, a solid-state thermochemical energy storage peak shaving and power generation system and a solid-state thermochemical energy storage peak shaving and heat supply method.
Background
In recent years, the demand for human social energy is increased, and meanwhile, relatively environmental-friendly and continuous renewable energy is rapidly developed, however, the intermittence is a great characteristic of renewable energy such as wind power and photovoltaic, cannot be stably output along with time like the traditional fossil energy power generation, but has volatility and randomness, which means that an energy storage system is required to intervene and adjust to relieve various problems caused by unmatched power demand and supply. The energy storage technology can gradually relieve the negative influence of renewable energy sources caused by intermittence, increase the elasticity of power distribution, improve the power quality and improve the voltage stability.
Energy storage systems are various, such as heat storage technology, hydrogen energy storage technology, compressed air energy storage and the like, wherein heat storage is a process of converting energy into an energy existence form which is relatively stable in a natural state, heat energy and cold energy in global user terminal requirements account for half of total energy consumption, 90% of energy in global energy budget is performed around conversion, transmission and storage of heat energy, and under the constraint of the law of thermodynamics, heat energy is an important intermediate product and byproduct, and a large amount of heat energy can be utilized.
The heat storage mainly comprises three forms of sensible heat, latent heat of phase change and chemical reaction heat. Sensible heat storage (such as fused salt, heat conduction oil, water/steam and the like) mainly realizes the storage and release of heat by utilizing the rise and fall of medium temperature, has simpler process and widest application, but the heat storage temperature is generally not more than 570 ℃, the heat storage density is smaller, the temperature fluctuation range is large, and the requirement (more than 700 ℃) of the next generation high-temperature application technology is difficult to meet; latent heat storage is to store and release heat by using latent heat in a medium phase change process, but the heat conductivity coefficient is low, heat exchange is difficult to control in the phase change process, and a phase change material generally needs to be packaged, so that the process is complex and the cost is high; the chemical heat storage is to store and release energy by using the heat effect of reversible chemical reaction, the range of selectable reaction substances is wider according to application scenes and different storage/heat release requirements, and in addition, the heat storage density is higher by one order of magnitude than sensible heat, so that the heat storage is convenient for long-time storage or long-distance transportation.
The existing heat storage method widely applied to industry mainly uses sensible heat, so that a system capable of utilizing more optimized heat storage materials to perform large-scale industrial energy storage and heat supply is urgently needed in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a solid-state thermochemical energy storage and heat supply system, a solid-state thermochemical energy storage peak shaving and power generation system, a solid-state thermochemical energy storage peak shaving and heat supply method, which have the advantages of simple system and high heat storage density and can realize large-scale industrialized energy storage and heat supply.
The invention provides a solid thermochemical energy storage and heat supply system, which comprises a blower, a steam generator and a solid energy storage device arranged on a connecting pipeline between the blower and the steam generator, wherein the solid energy storage device comprises a shell, a solid energy storage module arranged in the shell and an electric heater for heating the solid energy storage module, and energy storage materials forming the solid energy storage module comprise ferromanganese composite oxides.
According to the technical scheme, when the electric heater works, the electric heater converts electric energy into heat energy and heats the solid energy storage device, the ferromanganese composite oxide in the solid energy storage module is subjected to reduction reaction and converts the heat energy into chemical energy for storage, so that the heat storage density is improved, specifically, the heat storage density of the ferromanganese composite oxide is 8-10 times of that of sensible heat energy storage and is more than 2 times of that of latent heat energy storage, and the volume of the energy storage material is smaller under the condition of the same energy storage due to high heat storage density, so that the equipment investment is saved, and the solid energy storage device is suitable for large-scale energy storage;
when the air feeder works, the air inlet of the solid energy storage device is opened, the air feeder feeds cold air into the solid energy storage device, ferromanganese composite oxides in the solid energy storage module and oxygen in the air are subjected to oxidation reaction to release a large amount of heat, and residual oxygen-poor air after the reaction absorbs the heat and is fed into the steam generator to generate a large amount of high-temperature steam, so that large-scale heat supply can be realized to external equipment.
It should be noted that the heat storage material of the solid-state energy storage module in the invention includes a manganese-iron composite oxide, but is not limited to the solid-state energy storage module only consisting of a manganese-iron composite oxide, and the heat storage material of the solid-state energy storage module may also be a heat storage material in which a manganese-iron composite oxide and other substances are mixed, for example, the heat storage material may be mixed with some surface materials capable of preventing metal oxides from sintering.
Preferably, the secondary side inlet of the steam generator is connected with an external water supply pipe, and the secondary side outlet is connected with an external steam supply main pipe.
According to the technical scheme, the steam generator comprises a primary side and a secondary side, wherein hot air is introduced from an air outlet of the solid energy storage device into the primary side, condensed water is supplied from an external water supply pipe to the secondary side, and after heat exchange is carried out between the hot air and the condensed water in the steam generator, the hot air is cooled to be low-temperature tail gas to be discharged, or the low-temperature tail gas can also be introduced into a waste heat utilization device to carry out secondary utilization on the waste heat of the low-temperature tail gas; the condensed water is expanded into high-temperature steam after heat exchange, is discharged from a secondary side outlet and is used for supplying the high-temperature steam to an external steam supply main pipe.
As a preferable technical scheme, a bypass outlet is further arranged on a connecting pipeline between the solid-state energy storage device and the steam generator.
According to the technical scheme, when the air blower works, the solid energy storage device is communicated with the steam generating device to supply heat to external equipment. When the electric heater works, the ferromanganese composite oxide in the solid energy storage module generates a reduction reaction to release oxygen, at the moment, a passage between the solid energy storage device and the steam generation device is closed, the bypass outlet is opened, and the oxygen is discharged from the bypass outlet, so that different reaction products of the ferromanganese oxide in the solid energy storage module in the heat storage/release process can be discharged and utilized in a targeted manner.
The solid-state thermochemical energy storage and heat supply system further comprises an air preheater, a coal mill for receiving hot air from the air preheater, a boiler connected with the coal mill, and a deaerator for supplying water to the boiler, wherein particularly, a bypass outlet is connected with an inlet of the air preheater.
According to the technical scheme, the solid-state thermochemical energy storage and heat supply system not only stores energy and releases heat through ferromanganese composite oxides to supply heat, but also is combined with a boiler to further supply heat to external equipment on a large scale, wherein oxygen generated by the solid-state energy storage module in the energy storage process enters an air preheater through a bypass outlet to be mixed with air, and the mixed oxygen-enriched air and pulverized coal are mixed and then introduced into the boiler to participate in combustion, so that the combustion in the boiler is oxygen-enriched combustion, the combustion reaction is more stable and thorough, pure oxygen generated by the solid-state energy storage module is mixed and then is all used for being sent into a hearth to realize oxygen-enriched combustion, and no energy and resource waste exists.
As the preferred technical scheme, the solid thermochemical energy storage and heat supply system further comprises an oxygen-enriched burner, wherein the oxygen-enriched burner is arranged in the boiler and connected with an outlet of the coal mill.
According to the technical scheme, the mixed oxygen-enriched air and the pulverized coal are mixed again and then are sent into the oxygen-enriched combustor which can maintain the operation of the boiler under the lower low-load working condition, so that the oxygen content in the boiler during the combustion reaction can be further improved, and the combustion is more stable.
As a preferred technical scheme, an outlet of the deaerator is connected with a secondary side inlet of the steam generator. Therefore, the oxygen content in the high-temperature steam which is supplied with heat to the external circulation through the steam generator and the boiler feed water can be ensured to be low, and the oxidation corrosion of the inner walls of the device and the pipeline caused by the high-temperature high-oxygen can be avoided.
As a preferred technical scheme, the energy storage material in the solid-state energy storage device is configured in a mode of satisfying the stable operation of the boiler when the maximum continuous evaporation capacity is 40%.
According to the technical scheme, generally, the maximum continuous evaporation amount is 40% of the minimum load of the boiler, the combustion in the boiler is easy to be unstable under the load, and the oxygen amount generated when the solid energy storage device stores energy and the oxygen amount required by the stable combustion of the boiler in the state are used as standard configuration energy storage materials, so that the stable combustion of the boiler can be ensured under the load of the maximum continuous evaporation amount of 40%, and serious safety problems such as flameout and black furnace of the boiler are avoided.
The invention provides a solid thermochemical energy storage peak shaving and power generation system in a second aspect, which comprises the solid thermochemical energy storage and heat supply system in any one technical scheme, a steam turbine and a power generator coaxially connected with the steam turbine, wherein a secondary side outlet of the steam generator is connected with a steam inlet of the steam turbine.
According to the technical scheme, the steam generated by the steam generator in the solid thermochemical energy storage and heat supply system provided by the invention is communicated with the steam turbine, when the solid energy storage module releases heat, the steam turbine and the generator coaxial with the steam turbine can be pushed to rotate for power generation, so that the solid energy storage module can be used for storing the redundant electric quantity of a power plant at low peak, and the energy stored in the solid energy storage module can be rapidly released for power generation at high peak and peak, thereby meeting the requirement of deep peak regulation, furthermore, the steam turbine in the invention can be the steam turbine in the power generation cycle of the thermal power plant, the high-temperature steam generated in the solid thermochemical energy storage and heat supply system is directly communicated to the steam turbine in the power generation cycle of the thermal power plant, and the solid thermochemical energy storage and heat supply system can be directly added into the thermal power generation cycle, therefore, the deep peak regulation of the thermal power can be further realized, the coal consumption of the thermal power is reduced, and the peak regulation benefit is improved.
The third aspect of the invention provides a solid thermochemical energy storage peak shaving and heat supply method, which is applied to the solid thermochemical energy storage peak shaving and power generation system in the technical scheme.
The solid-state thermochemical energy storage peak shaving and heat supply method comprises a heat storage step, wherein when the power load output by a generator to an external power grid is reduced to be below a first specified value, an electric heater is used for electrically heating a solid-state energy storage module; and a heat release step, namely when the power load output to an external power grid by the generator is increased to be more than a second specified value, the electric heater stops being electrified, the air inlet of the solid-state energy storage device is opened, the air blower blows air into the solid-state energy storage device from the outside, and the solid-state energy storage device is communicated with the connecting pipeline between the steam generator.
As a preferable technical scheme, the solid-state thermochemical energy storage peak shaving and heat supply method further comprises an oxygen enrichment supply step, after the solid-state energy storage module reaches the specified reduction reaction temperature, a bypass outlet is opened, the solid-state energy storage device is communicated with the air preheater, and oxygen from the solid-state energy storage device flows into the air preheater.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solid thermochemical energy storage and heat supply system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a solid thermochemical energy storage and supply system according to a second embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a solid thermochemical energy storage and supply system according to a second embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a solid-state thermochemical energy storage peak shaving and power generation system according to a third embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method for peak shaving and heat supply in solid thermochemical energy storage according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method for peak shaving and heat supply of solid-state thermochemical energy storage according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1-boiler, 11-oxygen-enriched burner, 12-air preheater, 13-coal mill, 14-deaerator, 2-steam turbine, 3-generator, 4-steam generator, 5-solid energy storage device, 51-shell, 52-bypass outlet, 6-electric heater, 7-solid energy storage module, 8-condenser and 9-blower.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
First embodiment
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solid-state thermochemical energy storage and heat supply system according to this embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1, the solid-state thermochemical energy storage and heat supply system comprises a blower 9, a steam generator 4 and a solid-state energy storage device 5.
The solid energy storage device 5 is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the blower 9 and the steam generator 4 and comprises a shell 51, a solid energy storage module 7 arranged in the shell 51 and an electric heater 6 for heating the solid energy storage module 7, wherein the energy storage material forming the solid energy storage module 7 comprises a ferromanganese composite oxide, the ferromanganese composite oxide has the advantages of no toxicity, low cost, high energy storage temperature (above 850 ℃) and the like, and can still keep more than 85% of reaction activity after 100 times of redox cycles, so that the solid energy storage device can be applied to industrial large-scale circulating heat storage/release; the housing 51 may include a thermal insulation structure (not shown) and be spaced apart from the solid state energy storage module 7, so that energy loss due to heat escaping from the solid state energy storage device 5 can be reduced while avoiding excessive temperatures outside the housing 51; the electric heater 6 converts electric energy into heat energy, in some preferred embodiments, the electric heater 6 can be an electric heating plate and an electric heating plate which are arranged in a manner of inserting or embedding the solid-state energy storage module 7, and can be attached to the solid-state energy storage module 7 for heat transfer, so that heat loss in the heat transfer process is avoided, in other preferred embodiments, the power supply of the electric heater 6 is from a generator outlet bus of a power plant or a factory bus, and therefore surplus electric quantity of the power plant can be converted into heat energy for energy storage.
The blower 9 is communicated with the air inlet of the solid-state energy storage device 5, and can blow air in the external environment into the steam generator 4 through the solid-state energy storage device 5, so that the heat emitted by the solid-state energy storage module 7 can be blown into the primary side of the steam generator 4 through hot air while oxygen is provided for the exothermic reaction of the solid-state energy storage module 7.
The steam generator 4 has a primary side into which heating air is blown, and a secondary side through which water and steam pass, and both sides realize heat exchange inside the steam generator 4, thereby being able to heat water into high-temperature steam to realize heat supply by leading to an external device.
Specifically, when the power generation amount of the power plant is higher than the demand of the power grid (when the demand of the power grid is in a low valley), the electric heater 6 electrically heats the solid energy storage device 5, firstly, the ferromanganese composite oxide in the solid energy storage module 7 performs sensible heat storage and rapidly heats up, and when a certain temperature (about 1000 ℃) is reached, the ferromanganese composite oxide performs a reduction reaction, and the heat energy generated by the electric heater 6 is converted into chemical energy for storage; when the generated energy of a power plant is lower than the demand of a power grid (the demand of the power grid is in a peak or a peak), the power load output to the power grid can be increased by reducing or stopping the power load output to the electric heater 6, when the electric heater 6 stops being powered on, the air blower 9 works, the air inlet of the solid-state energy storage device 5 is opened, the air blower 9 sends cold air into the solid-state energy storage device 5, the ferromanganese composite oxide in the solid-state energy storage module 7 and oxygen in the air are subjected to oxidation reaction to release a large amount of heat, the oxygen-poor air after the reaction absorbs the heat and is led into the primary side of the steam generator 4 to exchange heat with feed water on the secondary side of the steam generator 4, the water is rapidly heated to generate a large amount of high-temperature steam, and heat is supplied to external equipment on a large scale.
It should be noted that, the present embodiment illustrates the case where the solid-state thermochemical energy storage and heating system converts the surplus electric energy of the power plant to store energy, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the solid-state thermochemical energy storage and heating system of the present invention can be applied to all other cases where energy storage or heating is required, for example, in some embodiments, the heating system of the present invention can be used in combination with a boiler to supply heat to the outside, and in other embodiments, the energy storage system of the present invention can also be used to rapidly tune the frequency of the power plant, and is not limited to only converting the surplus electric energy.
In addition, the heat storage material of the solid-state energy storage module 7 in the present embodiment includes a manganese-iron composite oxide, but is not limited to that the solid-state energy storage module 7 is only composed of a manganese-iron composite oxide, and the heat storage material of the solid-state energy storage module 7 may also be a heat storage material in which a manganese-iron composite oxide and other substances are mixed, for example, a new composite heat storage material may be formed by mixing with some surface materials capable of preventing sintering of metal oxides.
In the embodiment, the ferromanganese composite oxide has the advantages of no toxicity, low cost, high energy storage temperature (above 850 ℃), and the like, and can still keep more than 85% of reaction activity after 100 times of redox cycles, so that the ferromanganese composite oxide can be applied to industrial large-scale circulating energy storage/heat release, further, the heat storage density of the ferromanganese composite oxide is 8-10 times of sensible heat energy storage and more than 2 times of latent heat energy storage, and the volume of the energy storage material is smaller under the condition of the same energy storage due to high heat storage density, so that the equipment investment is saved, and the ferromanganese composite oxide is suitable for large-scale energy storage; in addition, a more excellent heat storage material is combined with the blower 9 and the steam generator 4, so that simple and efficient large-scale industrial energy storage and heat supply can be realized.
Second embodiment
The present embodiment is a more specific example of the solid-state thermochemical energy storage and heating system provided by the first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a solid thermochemical energy storage and supply system according to a second embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 2, the steam generator 4 of the solid thermochemical energy storage and heat supply system according to the second embodiment of the present invention has a secondary inlet connected to an external water supply pipe and a secondary outlet connected to an external steam supply main pipe. Therefore, the hot air on the primary side of the steam generator 4 can be used for heating the water on the secondary side of the steam generator 4, a large amount of steam is generated, and large-scale heat supply is realized to an external device.
Wherein, preferably, a bypass outlet 52 is further provided on the connecting pipe between the solid state energy storage device 5 and the steam generator 4. Because the ferromanganese composite oxide in the solid energy storage module 7 can release oxygen during the reduction reaction, and the oxygen enters the steam generating device to generate oxidation corrosion on the inner wall of the steam generating device, when the solid energy storage module 7 stores energy, the air inlets of the solid energy storage module 7 and the steam generator 4 are closed, the bypass outlet 52 is opened, and the oxygen is discharged from the bypass outlet 52, thereby realizing the targeted discharge and utilization of different reaction products of the ferromanganese oxide in the solid energy storage module 7 in the process of storing/releasing heat.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a solid thermochemical energy storage and supply system according to a second embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 3, the solid thermochemical energy storage and heating system further includes an air preheater 12, a coal mill 13 receiving hot air from the air preheater 12, and a boiler 1 connected to the coal mill 13, and an oxygen remover 14 supplying water to the boiler 1, and particularly, a bypass outlet 52 is connected to an inlet of the air preheater 12.
Coal pulverizer 13 sets up between air heater 12 and boiler 1's air inlet, and coal pulverizer 13 can grind the coal into buggy, and the air after preheating by air heater 12 gets into after coal pulverizer 13 can be with air and buggy homogeneous mixing, guarantees that the buggy can thoroughly burn in boiler 1, and further, sets up coal pulverizer 13 and can avoid the buggy to be heated the safety risk of lighting in air heater 12 after air heater 12.
Wherein, preferably, the solid thermochemical energy storage and heat supply system further comprises an oxygen-enriched burner 11 arranged on the boiler 1 and connected with an outlet of a coal mill 13. The mixed oxygen-enriched air and the pulverized coal are mixed again and then are sent into the oxygen-enriched combustor 11 which can maintain the operation of the boiler 1 under the low-load working condition, so that the oxygen content of the boiler 1 during the combustion reaction can be further improved, and the combustion is more stable.
The deaerator 14 is arranged on a water inlet pipeline of the boiler 1 and used for removing oxygen in the water inlet pipeline of the boiler 1, so that the inner wall of the pipeline in the boiler 1 is prevented from being oxidized and corroded due to high-temperature high oxygen, the service life of the pipeline in the boiler 1 is prolonged, and further, preferably, the outlet of the deaerator 14 is also connected with a secondary side inlet of the steam generator 4. So that the oxygen content of the water and steam in the tubes of the steam generator 4 can also be reduced.
In this embodiment, the oxygen that produces solid-state energy storage module 7 in the energy storage process gets into air heater 12 through bypass export 52 and air mixing to oxygen-enriched air and buggy after will mixing let in boiler 1 after remixing participate in the burning, thereby can make the burning in boiler 1 be the oxygen-enriched burning, the combustion reaction is more stable thoroughly, and, the pure oxygen that produces solid-state energy storage module 7 is all used for sending into furnace realization oxygen-enriched burning after mixing, no energy and wasting of resources.
Wherein, the energy storage material in the solid-state energy storage device 5 is preferably configured in a manner that satisfies stable operation of the boiler 1 when the maximum continuous evaporation amount is 40%. Generally, the maximum continuous evaporation amount is 40% which is the lowest load at which the boiler 1 is kept stable, and at this load, the combustion in the boiler 1 is liable to be unstable, and by arranging the amount of oxygen generated when the solid-state energy storage device 5 stores energy and the amount of oxygen required for stable combustion of the boiler 1 in this state as the standard, it is possible to ensure stable combustion of the boiler 1 at the lowest load, and to avoid serious safety problems such as flameout of the boiler 1 and black furnace.
Specifically, when the power generation amount of the power plant is higher than the power grid requirement (when the power grid requirement is at a low valley), the air inlets of the solid-state energy storage device 5 and the steam generator 4 are closed, the bypass outlet 52 is opened, the electric heater 6 is electrically heated to the solid-state energy storage device 5, firstly, the ferromanganese composite oxide in the solid-state energy storage module 7 carries out sensible heat storage and rapidly heats up, when a certain temperature (about 1000 ℃) is reached, the ferromanganese composite oxide carries out a reduction reaction, the heat energy generated by the electric heater 6 is converted into chemical energy to be stored, high-temperature pure oxygen with the concentration of more than 90% is released, the high-temperature pure oxygen enters the air preheater 12 through the bypass outlet 52, after the cold air in the air 12 and the high-temperature pure oxygen are mixed and heated, higher-temperature oxygen-enriched air is generated and is sent to the coal pulverizer 13, and the oxygen content of the air-powder mixture at the outlet of the coal pulverizer 13 is controlled to meet the requirement of the oxygen-enriched combustion of the boiler 1, the lowest oil-free and stable-combustion load of the boiler 1 is reduced, so that deep peak regulation can be achieved, and energy and resources of stored energy can be utilized to the maximum extent;
when the power generation amount of the power plant is lower than the demand of the power grid (when the demand of the power grid is in a peak or a peak), the power load output to the power grid can be increased by reducing or stopping the power load output to the electric heater 6, when the electric heater 6 is closed, the bypass outlet 52 is closed, the air inlets of the solid state energy storage device 5 and the steam generator 4 are opened, the air blower 9 works, the air blower 9 sends cold air into the solid state energy storage device 5, the ferromanganese composite oxide in the solid state energy storage module 7 is oxidized with oxygen in the air to release a large amount of heat, the oxygen-poor air after reaction absorbs the heat and is led into the primary side of the steam generator 4 to exchange heat with the feed water on the secondary side of the steam generator 4, the water is rapidly heated and generates a large amount of high-temperature steam, the heat is supplied to external equipment on a large scale together with the boiler 1, and the partial feed steam can replace partial steam generated by the boiler 1, the whole economical efficiency of the heat supply of the industrial boiler 1 can be greatly improved, and the coal consumption is saved.
In this embodiment, solid-state thermochemical energy storage and heat supply system not only releases heat through ferromanganese composite oxide energy storage and supplies heat, still unites boiler 1 to further carry out large-scale heat supply to external equipment, improves the whole economic nature of industrial boiler 1 heat supply by a wide margin, practices thrift the coal consumption to, utilize solid-state energy storage module 7 to participate in the burning in boiler 1 in the oxygen that produces in the energy storage process, make the burning in boiler 1 be oxygen boosting burning, the combustion reaction is more stable thorough, no energy and wasting of resources.
Third embodiment
The present embodiment provides a solid-state thermochemical energy peak shaving and power generation system comprising any of the solid-state thermochemical energy storage and heat supply systems provided in the first or second embodiments. FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a solid-state thermochemical energy storage peak shaving and power generation system according to a third embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 4, the solid-state thermochemical energy storage peak shaving and power generation system further includes a steam turbine 2 and a power generator 3 coaxially connected to the steam turbine 2, and a steam inlet of the steam turbine 2 is connected to a secondary outlet of the steam generator 4.
Taking a thermal power plant as an example, the power generation cycle of the thermal power plant is a boiler 1, a steam turbine 2 and a condenser 8, specifically, fuel (pulverized coal and the like) is continuously introduced into the boiler 1 for combustion to generate a large amount of combustion heat, water in a cold water pipeline absorbs heat in the boiler 1 and then expands to form high-temperature steam, the expanded high-temperature steam is introduced into the steam turbine 2 from the boiler 1 through a steam pipeline to push the steam turbine 2 to do work, a generator 3 coaxial with the steam turbine 2 converts mechanical work into electric energy to supply power to an external power grid, and the low-temperature steam after doing work is condensed into water again through the condenser 8 to enter the boiler 1 for the next cycle.
When the power generation amount of a power plant is higher than the demand of a power grid (when the demand of the power grid is in a low valley), air inlets of the solid energy storage device 5 and the steam generator 4 are closed, a bypass outlet 52 is opened, surplus electric energy is converted into heat energy through the electric heater 6 and heats the solid energy storage module 7, the manganese-iron composite oxide performs a reduction reaction, the heat energy is stored in a chemical energy form, oxygen is released, the released oxygen enters the air preheater 12 through the bypass outlet 52 to be mixed with air, and the mixed oxygen-enriched air and pulverized coal are mixed and then are introduced into the oxygen-enriched combustor 11 capable of maintaining the operation of the boiler 1 under the low-load working condition, so that the combustion stability in the boiler 1 is further improved;
when the power generation amount of the power plant is lower than the demand of the power grid (when the demand of the power grid is in a peak or a peak), the power load output to the power grid can be increased by reducing or stopping the power load output to the electric heater 6, when the electric heater 6 is closed, the bypass outlet 52 is closed, the blower 9 sends cold air into the solid energy storage device 5 through the air inlet of the solid energy storage device 5, the ferromanganese composite oxide in the solid energy storage module 7 is subjected to oxidation reaction with oxygen in the air to release a large amount of heat, the reacted oxygen-poor air absorbs the heat and is led into the primary side of the steam generator 4 to exchange heat with water on the secondary side of the steam generator 4, the water is rapidly heated up to generate a large amount of high-temperature steam, the generated high-temperature steam is sent into the steam turbine 2 of the power generation cycle of the thermal power plant through the secondary side outlet to push the steam turbine 2 together with the high-temperature steam generated by the boiler 1, driving the generator 3 to generate electricity.
In the embodiment, the solid energy storage module 7 can be used for storing the redundant electric quantity of a power plant in a low peak, and the energy stored in the solid energy storage module 7 can be quickly released for power generation in a high peak and a peak to meet the requirement of deep peak regulation.
In addition, a part of electric quantity generated by the thermal power plant is continuously electrified through the electric heater 6 to heat the solid-state energy storage module 7, when the thermal power plant receives power grid dispatching and needs rapid frequency modulation, the electric heater 6 and the solid-state energy storage module 7 can also rapidly respond to a frequency modulation instruction, specifically, when the power grid dispatching needs rapid load reduction, the electric load of the electric heater 6 can be rapidly increased in a short time, and the generated thermal shock solid-state energy storage module 7 can also be well digested and stored; when the power grid dispatching needs to rapidly increase the load, the electric heater 6 can rapidly decrease the load and even shut down, and further, the solid energy storage module 7 can rapidly increase the output power load of the thermal power plant through an exothermic reaction, so that the power load of the power generation cycle of the thermal power plant can be maintained at a stable level, and the influence of frequent load increase/decrease on the service life of the boiler 1 is avoided.
Fourth embodiment
The present embodiment provides a solid thermochemical energy storage peak shaving and heat supply method suitable for the solid thermochemical energy storage peak shaving and heat supply system in the third embodiment. FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method for peak shaving and heat supply in solid thermochemical energy storage according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 5, the peak shaving and heat supply method for solid thermochemical energy storage includes:
a heat storage step S1, when the power load output by the generator to the external power grid is reduced to be below a first specified value, the electric heater is electrified to heat the solid-state energy storage module;
and a heat release step S2, when the power load output by the generator to the external power grid is increased to be above a second specified value, the electric heater stops being electrified, the air inlet of the solid-state energy storage device is opened, the blower 9 blows air into the solid-state energy storage device from the outside, and the solid-state energy storage device is communicated with the connecting pipeline between the steam generator.
The "first predetermined value" and the "second predetermined value" may be freely selected according to the actual application, and are not limited herein. The second predetermined value is greater than or equal to the first predetermined value, for example, the first predetermined value may be the lowest load of the thermal power plant which normally operates stably, and when the total power load of the thermal power plant is lower than the lowest load, the total power load of the thermal power plant is not reduced, but the solid-state energy storage module 7 is heated by a part of the electric energy to continuously reduce the power load output by the thermal power plant to the external power grid; the "second prescribed value" may be a load value higher than the minimum load, and when the electric load of the thermal power plant is equal to or higher than the minimum load, the energization of the electric heater 6 is stopped, and the air inlet of the solid-state energy storage device 5 is opened, and the ferromanganese composite oxide releases heat, producing hot air at a high temperature.
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method for peak shaving and heat supply of solid thermochemical energy storage according to a fourth embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 6, the peak shaving and heat supply method for solid-state thermochemical energy storage further includes an oxygen-enriched supply step S3, after the solid-state energy storage module reaches a predetermined reduction reaction temperature, the bypass outlet is opened, the solid-state energy storage device is communicated with the air preheater, and oxygen from the solid-state energy storage device flows into the air preheater.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 and 6, when the load of the thermal power plant is required to be reduced by grid dispatching, the total power load of the thermal power plant is continuously reduced, when the power load output from the generator 3 to the external grid is reduced to a first predetermined value, the heat storage step S1 is performed, the surplus electric energy is converted into heat energy by the electric heater 6 and heats the solid energy storage module 7, firstly, the ferromanganese composite oxide in the solid energy storage module 7 is subjected to sensible heat storage and is rapidly heated up, when a certain temperature (about 1000 ℃) is reached, the oxygen enrichment supply step S3 is performed, the ferromanganese composite oxide is subjected to a reduction reaction, the heat energy is stored in a chemical energy form, and oxygen is released, the bypass outlet 52 is opened, and the released oxygen enters the air preheater 12 through the bypass outlet 52 and is mixed with air;
when the power grid dispatching needs the load recovery or the load increase of the thermal power plant, the total power load of the thermal power plant continuously increases, at this time, the thermal power plant can reduce or stop supplying power to the electric heater 6 to increase the power load of the power generation cycle output to the power grid, when the power load output to the external power grid by the generator 3 increases to a second specified value, the heat release step S2 is executed, the electric heater 6 is closed, the air inlet of the solid-state energy storage device 5 is opened, the blower 9 sends cold air into the solid-state energy storage device 5 through the air inlet of the solid-state energy storage device 5, the ferromanganese composite oxide in the solid-state energy storage module 7 and oxygen in the air undergo an oxidation reaction to release a large amount of heat, the reacted oxygen-poor air absorbs heat, the connecting pipeline between the solid-state energy storage device 5 and the steam generator 4 is communicated, the heated oxygen-poor air is introduced into the primary side of the steam generator 4 to exchange heat with water on the secondary side of the steam generator 4, the water is heated rapidly and generates a large amount of high-temperature steam, and the generated high-temperature steam is sent to external equipment from a secondary side outlet to realize heat supply.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and the specific embodiments described in the present specification may be different in terms of the parts, the shapes of the components, the names of the parts, and the like. All equivalent or simple changes of the structure, the characteristics and the principle of the invention which are described in the patent conception of the invention are included in the protection scope of the patent of the invention. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (10)
1. A solid thermochemical energy storage and heat supply system comprises a blower, a steam generator and a solid energy storage device arranged on a connecting pipeline between the blower and the steam generator, wherein the solid energy storage device comprises a shell, a solid energy storage module arranged in the shell and an electric heater for heating the solid energy storage module, and is characterized in that energy storage materials forming the solid energy storage module comprise ferromanganese composite oxides.
2. The solid-state thermochemical energy storage and supply system of claim 1 wherein secondary side inlets of the steam generators are connected to external water supply pipes and secondary side outlets are connected to external steam supply mains.
3. The solid state thermochemical energy storage and supply system of claim 2 wherein a bypass outlet is provided in the conduit connecting the solid state energy storage device to the steam generator.
4. The solid-state thermochemical energy storage and supply system of claim 3 further comprising an air preheater, a coal mill receiving hot air from said air preheater, and a boiler connected to said coal mill, a deaerator to provide water to said boiler,
the bypass outlet is connected to the inlet of the air preheater.
5. The solid-state thermochemical energy storage and heat supply system of claim 4 further comprising an oxycombustion burner disposed in the boiler in communication with the outlet of the coal pulverizer.
6. Solid-state thermochemical energy storage and supply system according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the outlet of the deaerator is connected to the secondary inlet of the steam generator.
7. The solid-state thermochemical energy storage and heat supply system of claim 6 wherein the energy storage material in the solid-state energy storage device is configured to provide stable operation of the boiler at a maximum continuous evaporation of 40%.
8. A solid state thermochemical energy storage peaking and generation system comprising the solid state thermochemical energy storage and heating system of any of claims 4 to 6, further comprising a turbine and a generator coaxially connected to the turbine, wherein a secondary outlet of the steam generator is connected to a steam inlet of the turbine.
9. A solid-state thermochemical energy storage peak shaving and heat supply method, applied to the solid-state thermochemical energy storage peak shaving and power generation system of claim 8, comprising,
a heat storage step, wherein when the power load which needs to be output to an external power grid by the generator is reduced to be below a first specified value, the electric heater is electrified to heat the solid-state energy storage module;
and a heat releasing step, wherein when the power load output to an external power grid by the generator is required to be increased to be more than a second specified value, the electric heater stops being electrified, the air inlet of the solid energy storage device is opened, the air feeder feeds air into the solid energy storage device from the outside, and the solid energy storage device is communicated with the steam generator through a connecting pipeline.
10. The method of claim 9, further comprising the step of supplying oxygen rich,
and after the solid energy storage module reaches the specified reduction reaction temperature, the bypass outlet is opened, the solid energy storage device is communicated with the air preheater, and oxygen from the solid energy storage device flows into the air preheater.
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| CN113390074A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2021-09-14 | 赫普能源环境科技股份有限公司 | Thermal power plant heat storage power generation peak regulation and frequency modulation system and working method |
| CN215170241U (en) * | 2021-06-20 | 2021-12-14 | 杭州明晟新能源科技有限公司 | Energy storage peak regulation coupling system of thermal power plant |
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| CN206860366U (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2018-01-09 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of wind electric heating energy-storage system |
| CN212157096U (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-12-15 | 赫普能源环境科技股份有限公司 | Peak-regulating and frequency-modulating system for solid heat storage power generation of thermal power plant |
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