CN114734861A - Battery replacing system and battery replacing method for electric commercial vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a lower battery replacement system and a lower battery replacement method for an electric commercial vehicle, and relates to the technical field of lower battery replacement of the electric commercial vehicle. The battery arrangement can be realized, the batteries can be conveniently replaced from the lower part of the frame on two sides of the frame, the batteries are prevented from occupying the space of a carriage, the driving safety is improved, and the battery replacement operation is convenient.

Description

Battery replacing system and battery replacing method for electric commercial vehicle

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of battery replacement under an electric commercial vehicle, in particular to a battery replacement system and a battery replacement method under the electric commercial vehicle.

Background

Due to current serious environmental pollution and resource shortage, pure electric commercial vehicles are rapidly developed and gradually become the mainstream of current heavy commercial vehicle industry, and the pure electric vehicles are also known as environment-friendly vehicles which are most suitable for people; the heavy commercial vehicle is an automobile for transporting personnel and goods, and along with the birth and popularization of the electric commercial vehicle, the excellent performance and the environmental protection advantage of the heavy commercial vehicle are welcomed by users, but the electric commercial vehicle has a serious defect: charging is slow, generally can only be full of the battery in 5-7 hours of charging, occupies the operating time, restricts the rate of attendance of the vehicle, for solving this problem, has been equipped with for electronic commercial car trades the power station and trades the electric system, can directly change the battery at trading the power station, this problem of its slow influence efficiency that charges has greatly been solved, but current system of trading is the system of trading, changes the battery from the frame top promptly, adopts this kind to trade the electric system and has following shortcoming: the battery needs to be arranged above the frame, occupies the space of the carriage and influences the cargo carrying capacity of the vehicle; when the vehicle goes up a slope or goes down a slope, the axle load is unreasonably distributed, the driving safety of the whole vehicle is affected, the battery replacement is inconvenient, and the battery locking device is prone to failure.

Therefore, in view of the current situation of the prior art, it is an urgent need to solve the problem of developing an under-vehicle battery replacement system and a battery replacement method for an electric commercial vehicle.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an electric commercial vehicle lower battery replacement system and a battery replacement method, batteries can be arranged and locked at two sides of a vehicle frame to replace the batteries from the lower part of the vehicle frame, the battery replacement is convenient, the batteries do not occupy the space of a carriage, and the driving is not influenced.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a trade electric system under electronic commercial car, includes battery transfer device and battery locking device, battery transfer device includes the platform, the platform is used for bearing and trades the electric vehicle, be provided with elevating gear on the platform, the last horizontal drive device that is provided with of elevating gear, horizontal drive device can drive elevating gear follows the platform removes to the frame below, battery locking device is including locking drive arrangement, locking drive arrangement can drive retaining member horizontal migration, the retaining member is king style of calligraphy structure, the retaining member can with the connecting piece joint, be provided with four fixture blocks on the connecting piece, the distribution of fixture block with four hold the chamber on the retaining member and correspond, the connecting piece is used for being connected with the battery. The battery arrangement can be realized, the batteries can be conveniently replaced from the lower part of the frame on two sides of the frame, the batteries are prevented from occupying the space of a carriage, the driving safety is improved, and the battery replacement operation is convenient.

Furthermore, be provided with two guide rails on the platform, be provided with rack group between the guide rail, rack group with the guide rail is parallel, the elevating gear lower part is provided with the slider, the slider with the guide rail cooperation, horizontal drive includes servo motor, servo motor and gear connection, servo motor with the gear is installed elevating gear is last, servo motor can drive the gear is followed rack group reciprocating motion. The lifting device can be moved in place quickly.

Furthermore, the lifting device comprises a battery bearing platform, a first supporting arm is horizontally arranged at one end of the battery bearing platform and can move along the battery bearing platform, two lifting arms are arranged at two ends of the first supporting arm, the other end of the battery bearing platform is hinged with the first lifting arm, the first lifting arm and the second lifting arm are connected through hinges, the lower ends of the first lifting arm and the second lifting arm are hinged with the chassis, the second supporting arm and the first supporting arm are arranged oppositely, the first supporting arm is arranged on the chassis, a lifting driving device is arranged on the chassis and can drive the first supporting arm to move along the chassis, an air cylinder is adopted by the lifting driving device, and the sliding block is arranged at the lower part of the chassis. The lifting arms are arranged in a crossed manner, so that the bearing capacity can be improved, and the battery can be stably supported and quickly lifted.

Furthermore, battery locking device still includes PMKD, PMKD be used for with connected to the frame, PMKD's upper end middle part is provided with locking drive arrangement, locking drive arrangement adopts two-way thrust cylinder, the piston rod at locking drive arrangement both ends all with the retaining member is connected, PMKD's lower extreme is provided with locking base perpendicularly, the last locking guide rail that is provided with of locking base, the retaining member is followed locking guide rail removes, the locking base both ends are provided with breach one, breach one can allow the connecting piece passes through. The battery locking device can be stressed evenly, the influence caused by torque generated by vehicle jolting is avoided, the service life is long, and the failure rate is low.

Furthermore, the both ends of locking guide rail all are provided with the stopper perpendicularly, the stopper can with retaining member joint. The locking piece can be prevented from being excessively pushed by the locking driving device to be clamped with the connecting piece completely, and the locking is not firm.

Further, the retaining member includes crossbeam one, crossbeam two and crossbeam three that the top-down level set up, crossbeam one crossbeam two with run through in the middle of the crossbeam three and be provided with the longeron, crossbeam three with the connecting piece faces the both ends of one side mutually and is provided with breach two, breach two can with the stopper joint, crossbeam three with be provided with connecting block one on the side that the connecting piece was kept away from, the edge of connecting block one is provided with the draw-in groove, the tailpiece of the piston rod portion is provided with connecting block two, two edges of connecting block are provided with the card limit, the card limit with the draw-in groove cooperation. The disassembly, assembly and replacement of the locking piece are facilitated.

Furthermore, a first electromagnetic valve is arranged on the locking driving device and electrically connected with a first proximity switch, and the first proximity switch is arranged on a cylinder body of the locking driving device. Automatic locking can be realized, and efficiency is improved.

Further, still include the guide, the guide includes guide bracket, guide bracket is used for fixing on the frame, guide bracket's lower extreme is provided with the guiding axle, the guiding axle can cooperate with the guiding hole on the battery. Can provide guidance for battery installation to avoid the situation that the offset cannot be locked.

Furthermore, a pressure sensor is arranged on the locking piece, and when the battery bearing platform is contacted with a battery, the pressure sensor sends an unlocking signal to the electromagnetic valve; the limiting block is of a triangular structure, when the connecting piece moves to the highest position, the top of the limiting block is flush with the top of the connecting piece, the upper part of the limiting block is provided with a third proximity switch, and when the top of the connecting piece is flush with the top of the limiting block, the three directions of the proximity switch send out a locking signal to the electromagnetic valve; the platform is detachably provided with a photoelectric correlation switch, when the lifting device reaches the position of the photoelectric correlation switch, the photoelectric correlation switch sends a stop signal to the servo motor, and the photoelectric switch simultaneously sends a lifting signal to the second electromagnetic valve; and a second electromagnetic valve is arranged on the lifting driving device and is in signal connection with the first proximity switch, and when the locking piece is close to the locking driving device, the second proximity switch sends a descending signal to the second electromagnetic valve. The automatic matching of the locking driving device and the battery transferring device can be realized, the automation level of battery replacement is improved, and the efficiency is improved.

The invention also provides a battery replacement method of the electric commercial vehicle, which adopts the battery replacement system under the electric commercial vehicle and comprises the following steps:

s1: when a vehicle needing to change the battery stops at a designated position, starting the servo motor to enable the lifting device to horizontally move for a set distance L1 to be right below the battery;

s2: controlling the lifting driving device to contract to enable the battery bearing platform to be lifted for a set distance L2 to be in contact with the lower surface of the battery;

s3: controlling a piston rod of the locking driving device to contract so as to unlock the locking piece and the connecting piece;

s4: controlling the lifting driving device to extend to enable the battery bearing platform to descend by a set distance L2;

s5: the lifting device moves horizontally and reversely for a set distance L1;

s6: replacing the battery;

s7: starting the servo motor again to enable the lifting device to horizontally move for a set distance L1;

s8: controlling the lifting driving device to contract to enable the battery bearing platform to be lifted for a set distance L2;

s9: controlling a piston rod of the locking driving device to extend, so that the locking piece is clamped and locked with the connecting piece;

s10: controlling the lifting driving device to extend to enable the battery bearing platform to descend by a set distance L2;

s11: the lifting device moves horizontally and reversely by a set distance L1.

According to the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:

the scheme provides an electric commercial vehicle lower battery replacement system and a battery replacement method, batteries are arranged on a vehicle frame through a battery transfer device and a battery locking device, and the batteries are replaced from the lower side of the vehicle frame, so that the batteries are conveniently replaced, the occupation of the batteries on a carriage is reduced, and the driving safety is prevented from being influenced; the bearing capacity is improved and the bearing weight is increased by arranging the lifting arms in a crossed manner; the bidirectional thrust cylinder is used as a locking driving device, so that the whole stress of the battery locking device is balanced, and the influence of torque on the service life of the battery locking device is avoided; the position of the locking piece is limited by the limiting block to ensure complete clamping; the automatic battery replacement process can be realized through the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the first proximity switch, the pressure sensor, the third proximity switch and the fourth proximity switch, and the battery replacement efficiency is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the description will be briefly introduced, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a platform according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a first schematic structural diagram of a lifting device in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a second schematic structural diagram of a lifting device in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a battery locking apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, which does not include a connecting member.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a locker in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a connector according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the battery locking device according to the embodiment of the present invention at the time of locking.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the battery locking device in the embodiment of the present invention when unlocking.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the lifting device according to the embodiment of the present invention when lifted.

In the figure, 1, a battery transfer device, 11, a lifting device, 111, a battery carrying platform, 112, a second lifting arm, 113, a first bracket arm, 114, a hinge, 115, a second bracket arm, 116, a lifting driving device, 117, a bottom frame, 118, a sliding block, 119, a servo motor, 120, a gear, 125, a first lifting arm, 12, a platform, 121, a vehicle carrying platform, 123, a guide rail, 124, a rack group, 2, a battery locking device, 21, a fixed bottom plate, 22, a first electromagnetic valve, 23, a locking driving device, 24, a locking member, 241, a first beam, 242, a second beam, 243, a third beam, 244, a longitudinal beam, 245, an accommodating cavity, 246, a second notch, 247, a first connecting block, 25, a connecting piece, 251, a clamping block, 26, a locking base, 27, a locking sliding block, 28, a locking guide rail, 29, a second connecting block, 30, a first proximity switch, 31, a limiting block, 32, a first notch, 3 and a battery, 4. a vehicle frame.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the present embodiment, and it is apparent that the embodiments described below are only a part of embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the scope of protection of this patent.

As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 2, the invention provides a downward battery replacement system for an electric commercial vehicle, which comprises a battery transfer device 1, a battery locking device 2 and a guide piece; the battery transfer device 1 comprises a platform 12, two vehicle bearing platforms 121 are oppositely arranged on the platform 12, a lifting device 11 is further arranged between the vehicle battery bearing platforms 111, a battery carrying channel is arranged on the vehicle battery bearing platforms 111, the vehicle bearing platforms 121 are used for bearing battery replacement vehicles, two guide rails 123 are arranged on the platform 12, the guide rails 123 are perpendicular to the direction of the vehicle bearing platforms 121, a rack group 124 is arranged between the guide rails 123, and the rack group 124 is arranged in parallel with the guide rails 123; the lower part of the lifting device 11 is provided with a slide block 118, the slide block 118 is matched with a guide rail 123, the horizontal driving device comprises a servo motor 119, the servo motor 119 is connected with a gear 120, the servo motor 119 and the gear 120 are installed on the lifting device 11, and the servo motor 119 can drive the gear 120 to reciprocate along a rack group 124 so as to realize the horizontal movement of the lifting device 11; the battery locking device 2 comprises a locking driving device 23, the locking driving device 23 can drive a locking piece 24 to horizontally move, the locking piece 24 can be clamped with a connecting piece 25, and the connecting piece 25 is used for being connected with the battery 3; the guide piece includes guide bracket, and guide bracket is the L type, and guide bracket is used for fixing on frame 4, and guide bracket's lower extreme is provided with the guiding axle, and the guiding axle can cooperate with the guiding hole on the battery 3.

As shown in fig. 3 to 4, the lifting device 11 may adopt the following specific structure: the lifting device 11 comprises a battery bearing platform 111, the lower parts of two ends of the battery bearing platform 111 are horizontally provided with a first supporting arm 113, the first supporting arm 113 can move along the battery bearing platform 111 through a sliding rail and sliding block mechanism, two ends of the first supporting arm 113 are provided with a second lifting arm 125, the other end of the battery bearing platform 111 is hinged with a first lifting arm 112, the first lifting arm 112 and the second lifting arm 125 are connected through a hinge 114, the lower ends of the second lifting arm 125 are hinged with an underframe 117, the lower ends of the first lifting arm 112 are hinged with a second supporting arm 115, the first supporting arm 113 is arranged on the underframe 117 through a sliding block and sliding block mechanism, a lifting driving device 116 is arranged on the underframe 117, the lifting driving device 116 can drive the first supporting arm 113 to move along the underframe 117, the lifting driving device 116 adopts an air cylinder, and a sliding block 118 is arranged on the lower part of the underframe 117.

As shown in fig. 5 to 9, the battery locking device 2 may adopt the following specific structure: the battery locking device 2 comprises a fixed bottom plate 21, a locking driving device 23, a locking piece 24 and a connecting piece 25; the fixed bottom plate 21 is a rectangular plate and is used for being connected with the frame 4, the middle part of the upper end of the fixed bottom plate 21 is provided with a locking driving device 23, the locking driving device 23 adopts a bidirectional thrust cylinder, piston rods at two ends of the locking driving device 23 are respectively provided with a locking piece 24, the lower end of the fixed bottom plate 21 is vertically provided with a locking base 26, a locking guide rail 28 is arranged on the locking base 26, the locking pieces 24 can move along the locking guide rail 28 under the action of the locking driving device 23, two ends of the locking base 26 are provided with a first notch 32, and the first notch 32 can allow the connecting piece 25 to pass through; the locking piece 24 comprises a first cross beam 241, a second cross beam 242 and a third cross beam 243 which are horizontally arranged from top to bottom, the third cross beam 243 is longest in length, a locking slide block 27 is arranged below the third cross beam 243 and matched with a locking guide rail 28, a longitudinal beam 244 penetrates through the middles of the first cross beam 241, the second cross beam 242 and the third cross beam 243, the locking piece 24 is of a king-shaped structure and provided with 4 accommodating cavities 245, two notches 245 are arranged at two ends of one side, adjacent to the connecting piece 25, of the third cross beam 243, a first connecting block 247 is arranged on the side face, far away from the connecting piece 25, of the third cross beam 243, a clamping groove is arranged at the edge of the first connecting block 247, a second connecting block 29 is arranged at the end of the piston rod, a clamping edge is arranged at the edge of the second connecting block 29, and the clamping edge is matched with the clamping groove; the upper end of the connecting member 25 is provided with four blocks 251, and the distribution of the blocks 251 corresponds to the positions of the four accommodating cavities 245 on the locking member 24; the two ends of the locking guide rail 28 are vertically provided with the limiting blocks 31, the limiting blocks 31 are triangular structures, when the connecting piece 25 moves to the highest position, the limiting blocks 31 are flush with the top of the connecting piece 25, and the limiting blocks 31 are clamped with the second notches 246 on the third cross beam 243; the locking driving device 23 is provided with a first electromagnetic valve 22, the first electromagnetic valve 22 is electrically connected with a first proximity switch 30, and the first proximity switch 30 is arranged on a cylinder body of the locking driving device 23.

The locking piece 24 is provided with a pressure sensor, and when the battery bearing platform 111 is contacted with the battery, the pressure sensor sends an unlocking signal to the first electromagnetic valve 22; a proximity switch III is arranged on the upper part of the limiting block 31, and when the connecting piece 25 is flush with the top of the limiting block 31, a locking signal is sent by a proximity switch three-way electromagnetic valve I22; the platform 12 is detachably provided with a photoelectric correlation switch, when the lifting device 11 reaches the position of the photoelectric correlation switch, the photoelectric correlation switch sends a stop signal to the servo motor 119, and the photoelectric switch simultaneously sends a lifting signal to the second electromagnetic valve; the second electromagnetic valve is arranged on the lifting driving device 116 and is in signal connection with the first proximity switch 30, and when the locking piece 24 approaches the locking driving device 23, the first proximity switch 30 sends a descending signal to the second electromagnetic valve.

The invention also provides a battery replacement method of the electric commercial vehicle, which adopts the battery replacement system under the electric commercial vehicle and comprises the following steps:

s1: when the vehicle needing to change the battery stops at the appointed position, the servo motor 119 is started, and the lifting device 11 horizontally moves for a set distance L1 to be right below the battery 3;

s2: controlling the lifting driving device 116 to contract, so that the battery bearing platform 111 is lifted for a set distance L2 and then is contacted with the lower surface of the battery 3;

s3: controlling the piston rod of the locking driving device 23 to contract, so that the locking piece 24 and the connecting piece 25 are unlocked;

s4: controlling the lifting driving device 116 to extend to lower the battery carrying platform 111 by a set distance L2;

s5: the lifting device 11 moves horizontally and reversely for a set distance L1;

s6: replacing the battery 3;

s7: the servo motor 119 is restarted to horizontally move the lifting device 11 by a set distance L1;

s8: controlling the lifting driving device 116 to contract, so that the battery carrying platform 111 is lifted by a set distance L2;

s9: controlling the piston rod of the locking driving device 23 to extend, so that the locking piece 24 is clamped and locked with the connecting piece 25;

s10: controlling the lifting driving device 116 to extend to lower the battery carrying platform 111 by a set distance L2;

s11: the lifting device 11 moves horizontally in the reverse direction by a set distance L1.

The terms "upper", "lower", "outside", "inside", and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and the above-described drawings (if any) are used for distinguishing relative positions without necessarily being construed qualitatively. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a trade electric system under electronic commercial car, its characterized in that, includes battery transfer device (1) and battery locking device (2), battery transfer device (1) includes platform (12), platform (12) are used for bearing trades electric vehicle, be provided with elevating gear (112) on platform (12), be provided with horizontal drive device on elevating gear (112), horizontal drive device can drive elevating gear (112) are followed the platform removes to frame (4) below, battery locking device (2) are including locking drive device (23), locking drive device (23) can drive retaining member (24) horizontal migration, retaining member (24) are king style of calligraphy structure, retaining member (24) can with connecting piece (25) joint, be provided with four fixture blocks (251) on connecting piece (25), the distribution of the clamping blocks (251) corresponds to four accommodating cavities (245) on the locking member (24), and the connecting member (25) is used for connecting with a battery (3).

2. The electric commercial vehicle underpinning system as claimed in claim 1, wherein two guide rails (123) are arranged on the platform (12), a rack group (124) is arranged between the guide rails (123), the rack group (124) is parallel to the guide rails (123), a sliding block (118) is arranged on the lower portion of the lifting device (112), the sliding block (118) is matched with the guide rails (123), the horizontal driving device comprises a servo motor (119), the servo motor (119) is connected with a gear (120), the servo motor (119) and the gear (120) are installed on the lifting device (112), and the servo motor (119) can drive the gear (120) to reciprocate along the rack group (124).

3. The electric commercial vehicle downward battery replacement system according to claim 2, wherein the lifting device (112) comprises a battery carrying platform (111), one end of the battery carrying platform (111) is horizontally provided with a first supporting arm (113), the first supporting arm (113) can move along the battery carrying platform (111), two ends of the first supporting arm (113) are respectively provided with a second lifting arm (125), the other end of the battery carrying platform (111) is hinged with two first lifting arms (112), the opposite first lifting arm (112) and the second lifting arm (125) are connected through a hinge (114), the lower ends of the second lifting arms (125) are respectively hinged with the underframe (117), the lower ends of the first lifting arms (112) are respectively hinged with the second supporting arms (115), the second supporting arms (115) are arranged opposite to the first supporting arms (113), and the first supporting arms (113) are arranged on the underframe (117), the lifting driving device (116) is arranged on the bottom frame (117), the lifting driving device (116) can drive the first supporting arm (113) to move along the bottom frame (117), the lifting driving device (116) adopts an air cylinder, and the sliding block (118) is arranged on the lower portion of the bottom frame (117).

4. The electric commercial vehicle downward battery replacement system according to claim 3, wherein the battery locking device (2) further comprises a fixed bottom plate (21), the fixed bottom plate (21) is used for being connected with the frame (4), the middle part of the upper end of the fixed bottom plate (21) is provided with the locking driving device (23), the locking driving device (23) adopts a bidirectional thrust cylinder, piston rods at two ends of the locking driving device (23) are connected with the locking piece (24), the lower end of the fixed bottom plate (21) is vertically provided with a locking base (26), a locking guide rail (28) is arranged on the locking base (26), the locking piece (24) moves along the locking guide rail (28), and two ends of the locking base (26) are provided with a first notch (32), and the first notch (32) can allow the connecting piece (25) to pass through.

5. The downward battery replacement system for the electric commercial vehicle as claimed in claim 4, wherein two ends of the locking guide rail (28) are vertically provided with limiting blocks (31), and the limiting blocks (31) can be clamped with the locking members (24).

6. The downward switching system for electric commercial vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that the locking member (24) comprises a first beam (241), a second beam (242) and a third beam (243) which are horizontally arranged from top to bottom, a longitudinal beam (244) penetrates through the middles of the first cross beam (241), the second cross beam (242) and the third cross beam (243), two notches (246) are arranged at two ends of one side of the beam III (243) adjacent to the connecting piece (25), the second notch (246) can be clamped with the limiting block (31), a first connecting block (247) is arranged on the side surface of the third beam (243) far away from the connecting piece (25), the edge of the first connecting block (247) is provided with a clamping groove, the end part of the piston rod is provided with a second connecting block (29), and a clamping edge is arranged at the edge of the second connecting block (29), and the clamping edge is matched with the clamping groove.

7. The electric commercial vehicle downward battery replacement system according to claim 5, wherein a first electromagnetic valve (22) is arranged on the locking driving device (23), the first electromagnetic valve (22) is electrically connected with a first proximity switch (30), and the first proximity switch (30) is arranged on a cylinder body of the locking driving device (23).

8. The electric commercial vehicle downward battery replacement system according to claim 1, further comprising a guide member, wherein the guide member comprises a guide bracket, the guide bracket is used for being fixed on the vehicle frame (4), and a guide shaft is arranged at the lower end of the guide bracket and can be matched with a guide hole in a battery.

9. The electric commercial vehicle downward battery replacement system according to claim 7, wherein a pressure sensor is arranged on the locking member, and when the battery bearing platform (111) is in contact with a battery, the pressure sensor sends an unlocking signal to the first electromagnetic valve (22); the limiting block (31) is of a triangular structure, when the connecting piece (25) moves to the highest position, the top of the limiting block (31) is flush with the top of the connecting piece (25), the upper part of the limiting block (31) is provided with a proximity switch III, and when the top of the connecting piece (25) is flush with the top of the limiting block (31), the proximity switch three-way electromagnetic valve I (22) sends a locking signal; the platform (12) is detachably provided with a photoelectric correlation switch, when the lifting device (112) reaches the position of the photoelectric correlation switch, the photoelectric correlation switch sends a stop signal to the servo motor (119), and the photoelectric switch simultaneously sends a lifting signal to the second electromagnetic valve; and a second electromagnetic valve is arranged on the lifting driving device (116), the second electromagnetic valve is in signal connection with the first proximity switch (30), and when the locking piece (24) is close to the locking driving device (23), the first proximity switch (30) sends a descending signal to the second electromagnetic valve.

10. The method for replacing the battery of the electric commercial vehicle is characterized in that the battery replacing system under the electric commercial vehicle as claimed in claim 6 or 9 is adopted, and the method comprises the following steps:

s1: when a vehicle needing to change the battery stops at a designated position, starting the servo motor to enable the lifting device to horizontally move for a set distance L1 to be right below the battery;

s2: controlling the lifting driving device to contract to enable the battery bearing platform to be lifted for a set distance L2 to be in contact with the lower surface of the battery;

s3: controlling a piston rod of the locking driving device to contract so as to unlock the locking piece and the connecting piece;

s4: controlling the lifting driving device to extend to enable the battery bearing platform to descend by a set distance L2;

s5: the lifting device moves horizontally and reversely for a set distance L1;

s6: replacing the battery;

s7: starting the servo motor again to enable the lifting device to horizontally move for a set distance L1;

s8: controlling the lifting driving device to contract to enable the battery bearing platform to be lifted for a set distance L2;

s9: controlling a piston rod of the locking driving device to extend, so that the locking piece is clamped and locked with the connecting piece;

s10: controlling the lifting driving device to extend to enable the battery bearing platform to descend by a set distance L2;

s11: the lifting device moves horizontally and reversely by a set distance L1.

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