CN114734129A - Electric arc welding pre-welding preheating and post-welding slow cooling device - Google Patents
Electric arc welding pre-welding preheating and post-welding slow cooling device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114734129A CN114734129A CN202210203640.7A CN202210203640A CN114734129A CN 114734129 A CN114734129 A CN 114734129A CN 202210203640 A CN202210203640 A CN 202210203640A CN 114734129 A CN114734129 A CN 114734129A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/003—Cooling means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/38—Torches, e.g. for brazing or heating
- F23D14/40—Torches, e.g. for brazing or heating for welding
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/465—Details, e.g. noise reduction means for torches
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/48—Nozzles
- F23D14/52—Nozzles for torches; for blow-pipes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
- F23N1/007—Regulating fuel supply using mechanical means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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Abstract
The invention relates to an electric arc welding pre-welding preheating and post-welding slow cooling device, which comprises a connecting pipe, a spray head and a control valve, wherein the spray head comprises an outer spray head cover and an inner spray head cover, the inner spray head cover is provided with a plurality of spray holes, and the outer spray head cover is not connected with the inner spray head cover; the small end of the outer nozzle cover is sleeved on the connecting pipe; the part of the connecting pipe, which is positioned in the outer spray head cover, is provided with a gas nozzle, and the connecting pipe is connected with the small end of the inner spray head cover through a connecting piece inserted into the connecting pipe; the insertion depth D of the connecting piece in the connecting pipe is adjustable, a certain gap exists between the outer nozzle cover and the inner nozzle cover when the insertion depth is a, no gap exists between the outer nozzle cover and the inner nozzle cover when the insertion depth is increased from a to b, and meanwhile, the gas nozzle is not closed by the connecting piece; the control valve is used for controlling the spray hole to be opened and closed. The device can simultaneously carry out pre-welding preheating and post-welding slow cooling, and the special structural design of the device can deal with different working conditions, thereby avoiding the deformation of workpieces and the generation of welding cracks.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding in material processing engineering, and relates to an electric arc welding pre-welding preheating and post-welding slow cooling device.
Background
During welding, the workpiece inevitably generates residual stress to cause deformation of the workpiece, so that normal use is influenced. Since welding is a technique in which the temperature rapidly rises in a short time, when the temperature difference is extremely large, the internal structure of the workpiece generates structural stress during the transformation process, and the structural stress increases as the cooling is faster. During welding, the temperature difference between the welded workpieces in the welding area can be reduced by preheating before welding and slowly cooling after welding, so that the aims of reducing welding stress and welding strain rate can be fulfilled, and finally, the deformation of the workpieces and the generation of welding cracks are avoided. Whether to preheat the weldment or not and the preheating temperature are not only related to the chemical components of the welded materials and the welding rod, but also are closely related to the welding method and the temperature environment. The preheating before welding can prolong the cooling time of the heat affected zone, effectively adjust and control the occurrence of residual stress and deformation, improve the crack resistance of the welding joint, reduce the welding stress and furthest exert the performance of the material. The post-welding slow cooling is carried out to reduce the cooling speed of the welding seam, so that hydrogen in the welding seam can be diffused out, and the joint is prevented from generating a hardened structure and generating cold cracks.
The patent CN 113042866A discloses a preheating device before electric arc welding, which provides a spray head, comprising an outer spray head cover 201 and an inner spray head cover 202, but the two are fixed together and cannot move, only can emit flame through a spray hole 203, cannot be flexibly adjusted, and can deal with different preheating conditions; according to the design of the device, preheating and slow cooling can be realized, but only one function of preheating and slow cooling can be realized, and the device cannot be used simultaneously.
Therefore, the research on the preheating before welding and the slow cooling after welding of the electric arc welding is of great significance for the preheating before welding and the slow cooling after welding under different conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an electric arc welding pre-welding preheating and post-welding slow cooling device;
in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following scheme:
an electric arc welding pre-welding preheating and post-welding slow cooling device comprises a connecting pipe and a spray head, wherein the spray head comprises an outer spray head cover and an inner spray head cover, a plurality of spray holes are formed in the inner spray head cover, and the outer spray head cover and the inner spray head cover are not connected; the small end of the outer sprayer cover is sleeved on the connecting pipe;
the part of the connecting pipe, which is positioned in the outer nozzle cover, is provided with a gas nozzle, and the connecting pipe is connected with the small end of the inner nozzle cover through a connecting piece inserted in the connecting pipe; the insertion depth D of the connecting piece in the connecting pipe is adjustable, a certain gap exists between the outer nozzle cover and the inner nozzle cover when the insertion depth is a, no gap exists between the outer nozzle cover and the inner nozzle cover when the insertion depth is increased from a to b, and meanwhile, the gas nozzle is not closed by the connecting piece;
the electric arc welding pre-welding preheating and post-welding slow cooling device also comprises a control valve, and the control valve is used for controlling the opening and closing of the spray hole;
the spray head consisting of the outer spray head cover and the inner spray head cover designed by the invention can realize the form adjustment of preheating and slow cooling flame through the matching of the outer spray head cover and the inner spray head cover, and the gas can be sprayed out only from the gap between the outer spray head cover and the inner spray head cover, also can be sprayed out from the spray holes, and also can be sprayed out from the gap between the outer spray head cover and the inner spray head cover and the spray holes, so that the construction process selectivity of a tool user can be more.
As a preferred technical scheme:
according to the electric arc welding preweld preheating and postweld slow cooling device, the small end of the outer nozzle cover is connected with the connecting pipe through the countersunk head screw; the countersunk head bolt props against the connecting pipe to prevent the outer nozzle cover from sliding down from the connecting pipe through pressure or friction.
According to the preheating before arc welding and slow cooling after arc welding, the connecting piece is a straight screw, also called a slotted cylinder head screw, the head of the straight screw is connected with the small end of the inner spray head cover, and the rod part is inserted into the connecting pipe and is in threaded connection with the connecting pipe.
According to the electric arc welding pre-welding preheating and post-welding slow cooling device, the control valve comprises a high-temperature-resistant plug, the high-temperature-resistant plug is used for being inserted into the inner nozzle cover to seal the nozzle hole, a hemispherical buckle is arranged on the inner nozzle cover, and a clamping groove used for being matched with the hemispherical buckle is formed in the high-temperature-resistant plug; the high-temperature resistant plug is detachably connected with the inner spray head cover through a clamping groove and a hemispherical buckle; when the high-temperature-resistant plug is connected with the inner spray head cover, the spray hole is in a closed state; when the high-temperature-resistant plug is disconnected with the inner spray head cover, the spray hole is in an open state.
According to the preheating before arc welding and slow cooling after arc welding device, the outer nozzle cover is composed of the coaxial hollow circular truncated cone and the hollow cylinder I, the diameter of the large end of the hollow circular truncated cone is the same as that of the hollow cylinder I, the large end of the hollow circular truncated cone is connected with the hollow cylinder I, and the small end of the outer nozzle cover is the small end of the hollow circular truncated cone; the inner spray head cover consists of a coaxial cover body and a hollow cylinder II; the outer nozzle cover is coaxial with the inner nozzle cover.
The pre-welding and post-welding slow cooling device for the electric arc welding is characterized in that the certain gap is larger than 0mm and smaller than 8mm, and the distance determines the gas flow; the inner diameter of the connecting pipe is 14 mm; the diameter of the large end of the outer nozzle cover is 96mm, and the diameter of the small end of the outer nozzle cover is 20 mm; the diameter of the large end of the inner nozzle cover is 82 mm.
The arc welding pre-welding preheating and post-welding slow cooling device further comprises a welding robot arm, a fixed frame, two fixers and two metal guide pipes; the welding robot arm is provided with a welding head and is connected with the fixed frame; the fixed frame is horizontally arranged;
the connecting pipes, the spray heads and the control valves are divided into two groups, and are symmetrically or asymmetrically distributed on two sides of the fixed frame, the small end of the outer spray head cover is arranged above, and the large end of the outer spray head cover is arranged below; one of the two spray heads is a preheating spray head, and the other one is a slow cooling spray head; the preheating spray head and the slow cooling spray head designed by the invention are not different in design, and the preheating process and the welding process are separately used in welding, but due to the fact that the two means are separately used, some unexpected conditions can occur, for example, after welding, the temperature of a welding seam is too low when a slow cooling device is used, the time of a process window of slow cooling is missed, and the slow cooling technology is failed; the risk that the welding process does not reach the standard due to objective factors can be reduced by combining the preheating spray head and the slow cooling spray head on one device;
the two connecting pipes respectively penetrate through the two fixers and are fixedly connected with the two fixers; the two fixers are symmetrically or asymmetrically distributed on two sides of the fixing frame and are respectively connected with the fixing frame through a metal conduit; the metal conduit is telescopically connected with the fixing frame;
the fixer designed by the invention enables the preheating spray head and the slow cooling spray head to rotate radially, so that a construction workpiece is welded and preheated at multiple angles, and the use flexibility is improved;
the metal guide pipe designed by the invention can adjust the radial telescopic length of the preheating spray head and the slow cooling spray head, and is convenient for adjusting the working modes of welding preheating and slow cooling after welding, so that the selectivity of a welding process is increased, the interference of human factors is reduced, and the quality and the process of a product are ensured to be qualified; the telescopic range of the metal conduit is 0-300 mm.
According to the electric arc welding pre-welding preheating and post-welding slow cooling device, the arm of the welding robot is connected with the fixed frame through the countersunk head bolt; the connecting pipe is fixedly connected with the fixer through a bolt; the fixer is fixedly connected with the metal conduit through a cross screw; the telescopic connection means that the metal conduit is embedded into the fixing frame and fixed through the hexagon bolts, when the telescopic connection is used, the metal conduit is embedded into the fixing frame, the process is adjusted by randomly extending or shortening according to the working condition of welding, preheating and slow cooling, and the hexagon bolts are adopted to fix the relative position of the metal conduit and the fixing frame after a good distance is selected.
The arc welding preweld preheating and postweld slow cooling device further comprises a gas flow divider, a main pipe, a main electromagnetic valve, a gas supply bottle and a barometer; the two connecting pipes are simultaneously connected with the main pipe, a gas flow divider is arranged at the joint, and two knobs are arranged on the gas flow divider and are respectively used for controlling the gas flow in the two connecting pipes; the main pipe is connected with the air supply bottle, the electromagnetic main valve is arranged on the main pipe, and the barometer is arranged on the air supply bottle; the gas diverter valve designed by the invention can control the flame size at the nozzle by controlling the gas flow, and has an expansion effect on the welding process type.
The pre-welding and post-welding slow cooling device for the arc welding adopts the gas supply cylinder as the steel cylinder.
Advantageous effects
(1) According to the device for preheating before electric arc welding and slow cooling after welding, the heat source is high-pressure liquefied gas, so that the heat source is low in storage cost and convenient to transport;
(2) the spray head of the device for preheating before electric arc welding and slowly cooling after electric arc welding can be fixed at different positions along with different construction environments, and the degree of freedom is high; the spray heads are divided into an inner spray head and an outer spray head, and the two design styles can ensure that preheating and slow cooling are uniformly carried out; the inner and outer nozzles of the device form two fuel outlets (spray holes and circumferential spray holes), the type of the spray holes can be freely selected according to specific welding adjustment, wherein the size of the discharge holes of the circumferential spray holes can be adjusted, so that the flow of fuel gas is changed, the flame form is controlled, and the preheating range is flexibly changed;
(3) the invention designs a linear type preheating slow-cooling device, and in the construction process, no matter a vertical welding seam or a horizontal welding seam is welded, a mechanical arm can drive the whole preheating slow-cooling device to do linear reciprocating motion;
(4) the spray head is combined with the welding robot arm through the metal guide pipe, the fixing frame and the welding robot arm, so that the occupied position of equipment is reduced, and the device is simple and easy to maintain; the distance between the spray head and the welding gun can be adjusted through the combination, and the distance between welding stations can be easily changed through the metal guide pipe according to the requirements of welding different materials, so that the technological requirements of preheating and slow cooling are met;
(5) the spray heads of the invention can realize preheating and slow cooling in a larger area without a large number of spray heads, reduce the waste of fuel gas and material resources, and have higher efficiency from the overall process perspective;
(6) the parts of the inner spray head or the outer spray head can be freely replaced, and the maintenance is more convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of an apparatus for preheating before and slow cooling after arc welding according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the mid-section subassembly of an apparatus for pre-heating and post-slow cooling of an electric arc welding weld in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a method of using part of the components of an apparatus for pre-heating and post-slow cooling before and after arc welding according to the present invention during welding;
FIGS. 4 to 5 are schematic structural views of a pre-weld preheating and post-weld slow cooling nozzle of an electric arc welding pre-weld preheating and post-weld slow cooling apparatus according to the present invention;
FIGS. 6 to 8 are schematic structural views of a high temperature resistant plug of an electric arc welding pre-heating and post-welding slow cooling apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the gas diverter valve of an apparatus for pre-heat and post-slow cooling of an arc welding torch in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of the holder of an apparatus for pre-heat and post-slow cooling before and after arc welding according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing the connection relationship of the high temperature resistant valve and the inner nozzle cover of the apparatus for preheating before arc welding and slow cooling after arc welding according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing the connection between the high temperature resistant valve and the inner nozzle shield of the pre-weld and post-weld slow cooling apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a partial enlarged view at a of fig. 12;
fig. 14 is a partial enlarged view at B of fig. 12;
the welding device comprises a base plate 1, an outer nozzle cover 2, a bolt 3, a fixer 4, a connecting pipe 5, a cross screw 6, a metal guide pipe 7, a hexagon bolt 8, a fixing frame 9, a countersunk head bolt 10, a welding robot arm 11, a welding head 12, a gas flow divider 13, a solenoid valve 14, an air supply bottle 15, a knob 16, a gas nozzle 17, a spray hole 18, an inner nozzle cover 19, a hemispherical buckle 20, a high-temperature-resistant plug 21, a straight screw 22, a circumferential spray hole 23, a clamping groove 24 and a countersunk head screw 25.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
An electric arc welding pre-welding preheating and post-welding slow cooling device is shown in figures 1-14 and comprises a welding robot arm 11, a fixed frame 9, two control valves, two connecting pipes 5, two spray heads, two fixers 4, two metal guide pipes 7, a gas flow dividing valve 13, a main pipe, a main electromagnetic valve 14, a gas supply bottle 15 and a gas pressure gauge 24;
the spray head comprises an outer spray head cover 2 and an inner spray head cover 19; the outer nozzle cover 2 is composed of a hollow circular table and a hollow cylinder I which are coaxial, the diameter of the large end of the hollow circular table is 96mm and is the same as that of the hollow cylinder I, the large end of the hollow circular table is connected with the hollow cylinder I, and the diameter of the small end of the outer nozzle cover 2 is 20 mm; the inner spray head cover 19 is composed of a coaxial cover body and a hollow cylinder II, and the diameter of the large end of the inner spray head cover 19 is 82 mm; the outer nozzle cover 2 is coaxial with the inner nozzle cover 19; the inner nozzle cover 19 is provided with a plurality of spray holes 18, and the outer nozzle cover 2 is not connected with the inner nozzle cover 19; the small end of the outer nozzle cover 2 is sleeved on the connecting pipe 5 and is connected with the connecting pipe 5 through a countersunk head screw 25;
the inner diameter of the connecting pipe 5 is 14 mm; the part of the connecting pipe 5 positioned in the outer nozzle cover 2 is provided with a gas nozzle 17, and the connecting pipe 5 is connected with the small end of the inner nozzle cover 19 through a connecting piece inserted in the connecting pipe; the connecting piece is a straight screw 22, the head of the straight screw 22 is connected with the small end of the inner spray head cover 19, and the rod part is inserted into the connecting pipe 5 and is in threaded connection with the connecting pipe; the insertion depth D of the connecting piece in the connecting pipe 5 is adjustable, when the insertion depth is a, a certain gap exists between the outer nozzle cover 2 and the inner nozzle cover 19 (namely a circumferential spray hole 23 is formed between the outer nozzle cover 2 and the inner nozzle cover 19), the certain gap is larger than 0 and smaller than 8mm, when the insertion depth is increased from a to b, no gap exists between the outer nozzle cover 2 and the inner nozzle cover 19, and meanwhile, the gas nozzle 17 is not closed by the connecting piece;
the control valve comprises a high-temperature-resistant plug 21, the high-temperature-resistant plug 21 is used for being inserted into the inner spray head cover 19 to seal the spray hole 18, a hemispherical buckle 20 is arranged on the inner spray head cover 19, and a clamping groove 24 used for being matched with the hemispherical buckle 20 is formed in the high-temperature-resistant plug 21; the control valve is used for controlling the spray hole 18 to be opened and closed;
the welding robot arm 11 is provided with a welding head 12, and the welding robot arm 11 is connected with the fixed frame 9 through a countersunk head bolt 10; the fixed frame 9 is horizontally arranged;
the two connecting pipes 5, the two nozzles and the two control valves are respectively distributed on two sides of the fixed frame 9, the small end of the outer nozzle cover 2 is arranged above, and the large end is arranged below; one of the two spray heads is a preheating spray head, and the other one is a slow cooling spray head;
the two connecting pipes 5 respectively penetrate through the two fixing devices 4 and are fixedly connected with the fixing devices through bolts 3; the two fixers 4 are distributed on two sides of the fixing frame 9 and are respectively connected with the fixing frame 9 through a metal conduit 7; the fixer 4 is fixedly connected with the metal conduit 7 through a cross screw 6; the metal conduit 7 is embedded into the fixing frame 9 and fixed by the hexagon bolt 8;
the two connecting pipes 5 are simultaneously connected with the main pipe, a gas diverter valve 13 is arranged at the joint, and two knobs 16 are arranged on the gas diverter valve 13 and are respectively used for controlling the gas flow in the two connecting pipes 5; the main pipe is connected with the gas supply bottle 15, the electromagnetic main valve 14 is arranged on the main pipe, the barometer 24 is arranged on the gas supply bottle 15, and the gas supply bottle 15 is a steel bottle.
In the prior art, when a welding robot is used for welding metal plates, a flame spray nozzle arranged on a mechanical device is used for preheating or slow cooling in advance, or only a single preheating spray nozzle or slow cooling spray nozzle is used for construction on a workpiece, the influence range of flame cannot be changed, the problem that the preheating or slow cooling range is not enough in area, and the problem that residual stress is high and cracks are increased is easily caused, but the preheating before-welding and slow cooling device for electric arc welding adopts the invention, under the same condition, a circumferential spray hole 23 is independently used, a straight screw 22 on an inner spray head cover 19 is rotated anticlockwise to enable the inner spray head cover 19 to radially extend out, when the inner spray head cover 19 is compared with the large end surface of an outer spray head cover 2 as a reference, the straight screw 22 stops rotating when the inner spray head cover 19 extends out for 8mm, the maximum extension length of the inner spray head cover 19 is 8mm, and is also the maximum value which can be opened by the circumferential spray hole 23, the hemisphere buckle 20 of interior shower nozzle cover 19 is through the draw-in groove 24 that slips into high temperature resistant stopper 21, and clockwise rotation 45 after slipping into fixes high temperature resistant stopper 21 on interior shower nozzle cover 19, realizes the closure to orifice 18, and through the directional scale of knob 16 on the adjustment gas flow divider 13, the size of the inside flow of control gas through the connecting tube. Because of the large range of preheating, the knob 16 should be selected with the largest scale to maximize the flow of combustible gas therethrough. According to the preheating and slow cooling conditions required by the construction workpiece, the relative distance between the preheating and slow cooling devices is controlled by changing the length of the metal guide pipe 7, and the range of the metal guide pipe 7 which can be stretched is 0 mm-300 mm. Considering that the action area of the circumferential spray holes 23 is large during preheating and slow cooling, it is recommended to set the metal guide pipe 7 for construction with the maximum elongation of 100-300 mm, then set the operation path of the welding robot, make the welding robot arm correspond to the workpiece on the base plate 1, open the switch of the gas supply bottle 15, open the electromagnetic main valve 14, finally open the gas diverter valve 13, let the combustible gas flow from two stainless steel connecting pipes, finally spray from the gas nozzle 17 at the tail end, and ignite the combustible gas with naked flame, to perform pre-weld preheating and post-weld slow cooling operation, and finally obtain the welded workpiece, compared with the welded workpiece in the prior art, the preheating and slow cooling action area of the workpiece is larger, thereby saving the time wasted in coordinating different devices, improving the welding efficiency, and reducing the residual stress of the welded workpiece.
In the prior art, when a small-sized workpiece or a workpiece with a small welding seam is welded, one or more groups of flame nozzles are arranged on a machine to preheat or slowly cool the workpiece by using an additional machine, so that the problems of complicated operation, inconvenient use, overlong preparation time and excessive maintenance of the flame nozzles are easily caused, but by adopting the device for preheating before arc welding and slowly cooling after arc welding, under the same condition, the nozzle hole 18 is independently used, the linear screw 22 on the inner nozzle cover 19 is rotated clockwise to enable the inner nozzle cover 19 to retract radially until the linear screw 22 cannot rotate along a pointer, at the moment, the circumferential nozzle hole 23 stops being used because the flow of combustible gas is blocked, and the scale pointed by the knob 16 on the gas diverter valve 13 is adjusted to control the flow of the fuel gas in the connecting pipe. Because the small-range preheating can select smaller scales, the flow of combustible gas is reduced, and the environment is protected and saved. According to the characteristics of preheating and slow cooling of the small range of the spray holes 18, the metal conduit 7 is not suitable to be excessively extended. Too much elongation will result in insufficient preheating of the sheet material at the welding of the welding head 12 and too long a length of the metal conduit 7 after the welding of the welding head 12 has been completed will leave the slow cooling portion unused and the weld will cool down in a first step. The telescopic range of the metal guide pipe is 0-300 mm, the recommended extension length of the metal guide pipe 7 is 0-100 mm when the metal guide pipe is welded by using the spray holes 18, then the operation path of the welding robot is set, the welding robot arm corresponds to a workpiece on the base plate 1, the switch of the gas supply bottle 15 is opened, the electromagnetic main valve 14 is opened, the gas distributing valve 13 is opened finally, combustible gas is made to flow through two stainless steel connecting pipes and is sprayed out from a gas spray nozzle 17 at the tail end, the combustible gas is ignited by naked flame, pre-welding preheating and post-welding slow cooling operation are carried out, and finally the obtained welded workpiece has fewer hard and brittle tissues and fewer welding cracks compared with the welded workpiece in the prior art. The efficiency of producing the work is improved.
In the prior art, when a metal plate needs to be prepared by a welding multi-pass lap joint process, the problems that a large metal plate is preheated slowly before being welded and a welded joint is cooled quickly after being welded are easily caused by preheating and slowly cooling a multi-pass welding joint and a heat affected zone around the welding joint through the existing flame jet nozzle. Rotating the in-line screw 22 on the inner nozzle cover 19 counterclockwise causes the inner nozzle cover 19 to extend radially. When the inner nozzle cover 19 is extended by 8mm with respect to the large end surface of the outer nozzle cover 2, the rotation of the in-line screw 22 is stopped. And rotating the inner spray head cover 19 counterclockwise by 45 degrees, taking down the high-temperature resistant plug 21 arranged inside the inner spray head cover 19 and starting the spray holes 18. The maximum scale is selected by the knob 16 on the gas diverter valve 13. In order to realize wide preheating and slow cooling ranges and achieve enough preheating and slow cooling temperatures, the metal guide pipe is not easy to be too long or too short. The length of the metal guide pipe is recommended to be 75-175 mm, then the operation path of the welding robot is set, the arm of the welding robot corresponds to a workpiece on the base plate 1, a switch of an air supply bottle 15 is opened, a master electromagnetic valve 14 is opened, a gas flow dividing valve 13 is opened finally, combustible gas is made to flow from two stainless steel connecting pipes and is sprayed out from a gas nozzle 17 at the tail end, the combustible gas is ignited by open fire, pre-welding preheating and post-welding slow cooling operation are conducted, and finally compared with the welded workpiece in the prior art, the obtained welded workpiece is excellent in comprehensive performance of the multi-path lapped metal plate, the crack resistance of a welded joint is improved, residual stress is small, hard and brittle tissues in the workpiece are few, and welding cracks are few.
Claims (10)
1. An electric arc welding pre-welding preheating and post-welding slow cooling device comprises a connecting pipe (5) and a spray head, wherein the spray head comprises an outer spray head cover (2) and an inner spray head cover (19), and the inner spray head cover (19) is provided with a plurality of spray holes (18), and is characterized in that the outer spray head cover (2) is not connected with the inner spray head cover (19); the small end of the outer nozzle cover (2) is sleeved on the connecting pipe (5);
the part of the connecting pipe (5) positioned in the outer nozzle cover (2) is provided with a gas nozzle (17), and meanwhile, the connecting pipe (5) is connected with the small end of the inner nozzle cover (19) through a connecting piece inserted in the connecting pipe; the insertion depth D of the connecting piece in the connecting pipe (5) is adjustable, a certain gap exists between the outer nozzle cover (2) and the inner nozzle cover (19) when the insertion depth is a, no gap exists between the outer nozzle cover (2) and the inner nozzle cover (19) when the insertion depth is increased from a to b, and meanwhile, the gas nozzle (17) is not closed by the connecting piece;
the electric arc welding pre-welding preheating and post-welding slow cooling device also comprises a control valve which is used for controlling the opening and closing of the spray hole (18).
2. An arc welding pre-weld and post-weld slow cooling apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the small end of the outer nozzle cap (2) is connected to the connecting tube (5) by means of a countersunk screw (25).
3. An arc welding pre-heat and post-weld slow cooling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the connector is a straight screw (22), the head of the straight screw (22) is connected to the small end of the inner nozzle cap (19), and the shank is inserted into the connecting tube (5) and threadedly connected thereto.
4. The arc welding pre-weld and post-weld slow cooling device according to claim 1, wherein the control valve comprises a high temperature resistant plug (21), the high temperature resistant plug (21) is used for being inserted into the inner nozzle cap (19) to seal the nozzle hole (18), a hemispherical buckle (20) is arranged on the inner nozzle cap (19), and a clamping groove (24) used for being matched with the hemispherical buckle (20) is arranged on the high temperature resistant plug (21).
5. The arc welding preweld preheating and postweld slow cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer nozzle cap (2) is composed of a hollow circular table and a hollow cylinder I which are coaxial, the diameter of the large end of the hollow circular table is the same as that of the hollow cylinder I, the large end of the hollow circular table is connected with the hollow cylinder I, and the small end of the outer nozzle cap (2) is the small end of the hollow circular table; the inner nozzle cover (19) is composed of a coaxial cover body and a hollow cylinder II; the outer nozzle cover (2) is coaxial with the inner nozzle cover (19).
6. An arc welding pre-weld and post-weld slow cooling apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein said certain clearance is greater than 0 and less than 8 mm; the inner diameter of the connecting pipe (5) is 14 mm; the diameter of the large end of the outer nozzle cover (2) is 96mm, and the diameter of the small end is 20 mm; the diameter of the large end of the inner nozzle cover (19) is 82 mm.
7. An arc welding pre-weld preheating and post-weld slow cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that the arc welding pre-weld preheating and post-weld slow cooling device further comprises a welding robot arm (11), a fixed frame (9), two holders (4) and two metal guide pipes (7); the welding robot arm (11) is provided with a welding head (12), and the welding robot arm (11) is connected with the fixed frame (9); the fixed frame (9) is horizontally arranged;
the two groups of connecting pipes (5), the spray heads and the control valves are distributed on two sides of the fixed frame (9), the small end of the outer spray head cover (2) is arranged above, and the large end of the outer spray head cover is arranged below; one of the two spray heads is a preheating spray head, and the other one is a slow cooling spray head;
the two connecting pipes (5) respectively penetrate through the two fixers (4) and are fixedly connected with the two fixers; the two fixers (4) are distributed on two sides of the fixing frame (9) and are respectively connected with the fixing frame (9) through a metal conduit (7); the metal conduit (7) is telescopically connected with the fixing frame (9).
8. An arc welding pre-weld and post-weld slow cooling apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the welding robot arm (11) is connected to the holder (9) by means of a countersunk bolt (10); the connecting pipe (5) is fixedly connected with the fixer (4) through a bolt (3); the fixer (4) is fixedly connected with the metal conduit (7) through a cross screw (6); the telescopic connection means that the metal guide pipe (7) is embedded into the fixing frame (9) and fixed through the hexagon bolt (8).
9. An arc welding pre-weld preheating and post-weld slow cooling device according to claim 7, characterized in that the arc welding pre-weld preheating and post-weld slow cooling device further comprises a gas diverter valve (13), a main pipe, a solenoid main valve (14), a gas supply bottle (15) and a gas pressure gauge (24); the two connecting pipes (5) are simultaneously connected with the main pipe, a gas diverter valve (13) is arranged at the connection position, and two knobs (16) are arranged on the gas diverter valve (13) and are respectively used for controlling the gas flow in the two connecting pipes (5); the main pipe is connected with the air supply bottle (15), the electromagnetic main valve (14) is arranged on the main pipe, and the air pressure meter (24) is arranged on the air supply bottle (15).
10. An arc welding pre-weld and post-weld slow cooling apparatus as claimed in claim 9, wherein the gas supply cylinder (15) is a steel cylinder.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210203640.7A CN114734129B (en) | 2022-03-02 | 2022-03-02 | Pre-welding preheating and post-welding slow cooling device for arc welding |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210203640.7A CN114734129B (en) | 2022-03-02 | 2022-03-02 | Pre-welding preheating and post-welding slow cooling device for arc welding |
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| CN114734129B CN114734129B (en) | 2023-07-25 |
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|---|---|
| CN114734129B (en) | 2023-07-25 |
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