CN114720765A - Situation awareness-based harmonic algorithm of active power distribution network and control system thereof - Google Patents

Situation awareness-based harmonic algorithm of active power distribution network and control system thereof Download PDF

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CN114720765A
CN114720765A CN202210250798.XA CN202210250798A CN114720765A CN 114720765 A CN114720765 A CN 114720765A CN 202210250798 A CN202210250798 A CN 202210250798A CN 114720765 A CN114720765 A CN 114720765A
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刘宇刚
吴舰
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Guizhou Education University
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    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
    • G01R23/16—Spectrum analysis; Fourier analysis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of active power distribution, in particular to a situation perception-based harmonic algorithm of an active power distribution network and a control system thereof. The algorithm comprises the following steps: acquiring a current sampling value and a voltage sampling value by performing alternating current sampling from a power distribution network; respectively constructing a current sampling value and a voltage sampling value into complex sequences; performing discrete Fourier transform on the complex sequence, and obtaining an electrical parameter formula, a frequency spectrum formula of voltage and a frequency spectrum formula of current according to the complex conjugate property of the discrete Fourier transform; respectively calculating the harmonic content of the voltage and the harmonic content of the current through a frequency spectrum formula of the voltage and a frequency spectrum formula of the current; and calculating basic electrical parameters in the power distribution network through an electrical parameter formula. The invention aims to solve the problems that the waveform in a power distribution network is distorted due to the fact that the harmonic change in the power distribution network cannot be timely and accurately measured, and the problems of management evaluation, prediction planning, operation control and fault diagnosis in the power distribution network cannot be effectively solved.

Description

Situation awareness-based harmonic algorithm of active power distribution network and control system thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of active power distribution, in particular to a situation perception-based harmonic algorithm of an active power distribution network and a control system thereof.
Background
The active power distribution network is an expression form of an intelligent power grid, the adoption of the active power distribution network technology is beneficial to fully utilizing clean energy and renewable energy in various places, and the situation perception of the active power distribution network is a technology for acquiring, processing, mining and analyzing data causing the change of the operation situation of the power grid in the large-scale system environment of the power grid and presenting the result in a visual mode. The comprehensive and accurate control of the operation situation of the active power distribution network can be realized through situation perception, and powerful support is provided for intelligent management and control on the basis of situation perception so as to improve the dispatching control level of the complex active power distribution network.
With the continuous improvement of the permeability of Distributed Generation (DG), Energy Storage System (ESS), and packet switched Capacitors (CB), the problems of voltage fluctuation and bidirectional power flow are caused.
At present, an intelligent algorithm represented by a genetic algorithm and an artificial neural network algorithm is widely applied to the field of active power distribution systems by means of training samples provided by a big data technology.
However, with the development of national economy, a large number of nonlinear and impact loads are connected into a power grid, and harmonic waves, voltage fluctuation and flicker are generated during operation, so that the voltage waveform of the power grid is distorted, three phases are unbalanced, the power supply quality is reduced, and the safe and economic operation of the power grid and user equipment is influenced. The active power distribution system is essentially a nonlinear dynamic system, is difficult to establish an accurate mathematical model for fast solving, and cannot timely and accurately measure the change of harmonic waves in the power distribution system, so that the problems of management evaluation, prediction planning, operation control and fault diagnosis in the power distribution network cannot be effectively solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a situation awareness-based harmonic algorithm of an active power distribution network and a control system thereof, which are used for solving the problems that the waveform in the power distribution network is distorted due to the fact that the change of harmonic waves in the power distribution network cannot be timely and accurately measured, and the management evaluation, the prediction planning, the operation control and the fault diagnosis in the power distribution network cannot be effectively solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a situation awareness-based harmonic algorithm of an active power distribution network comprises the following steps:
acquiring a current sampling value and a voltage sampling value by performing alternating current sampling from a power distribution network;
respectively constructing the sampling values of the current and the voltage into complex sequences;
performing discrete Fourier transform on the complex sequence, and obtaining an electrical parameter formula, a frequency spectrum formula of voltage and a frequency spectrum formula of current according to the complex conjugation property of the discrete Fourier transform;
respectively calculating the harmonic content of the voltage and the harmonic content of the current through a frequency spectrum formula of the voltage and a frequency spectrum formula of the current;
and calculating basic electrical parameters in the power distribution network through an electrical parameter formula.
When the technical scheme is adopted, the current sampling value and the voltage sampling value are obtained from the power distribution network, the current sampling value and the voltage sampling value are constructed into a complex sequence, then discrete Fourier transform is carried out, and complex conjugate properties are obtained, so that fundamental wave and harmonic content in voltage and current are obtained through a frequency spectrum formula, meanwhile, basic electrical parameters such as voltage, current, active power and reactive power of equipment operation in the power distribution network can be calculated according to an electrical parameter formula, and therefore changes of harmonic waves in the power distribution network can be measured quickly and accurately.
Preferably, the calculation of the basic electrical parameter formula, the voltage frequency spectrum formula and the current frequency spectrum formula is performed by a computer.
Preferably, the frequency spectrum formula of the voltage and the frequency spectrum formula of the current are as follows:
Figure BDA0003546762700000021
Figure BDA0003546762700000022
wherein, K is 0,1,2, …, N-1 is sampling times; n is the number of samples per cycle.
Preferably, the electrical parameter formula is:
Figure BDA0003546762700000031
Figure BDA0003546762700000032
preferably, the specific derivation step of the discrete fourier transform is:
collecting voltage and current with periodic signals in a power distribution network can be expressed as follows:
Figure BDA0003546762700000033
Figure BDA0003546762700000034
decomposing the equations (1) and (2) according to a Fourier series:
Figure BDA0003546762700000035
or
Figure BDA0003546762700000036
Wherein A is0Is a direct current component and is the average value of a periodic function f (t) in one period, AnAnd BnThe coefficients, which are fourier series, are rectangular components of the nth harmonic.
To obtain: the nth harmonic vector is:
Figure BDA0003546762700000037
Cn∠φn＝An+jBn；
Figure BDA0003546762700000038
after dispersion, the following formula is obtained:
Figure BDA0003546762700000039
Figure BDA00035467627000000310
wherein N is 0,1,2, …, N-1 is the harmonic order, K is 0,1,2, …, N-1 is the sampling order;
fkthe sampling value is the Kth time, and N is the sampling number of each cycle;
according to the digital signal processing formula:
Figure BDA0003546762700000042
as can be seen from equations (5), (6) and (7), the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) is expressed as:
Figure BDA0003546762700000041
the invention also provides an intelligent management and control system for the harmonic algorithm of the active power distribution network based on situation awareness, which comprises an analog-digital circuit, a digital-analog circuit, a photoelectric isolation circuit, a DSP chip and an FPGA chip;
the analog-digital circuit is used for converting the analog signal of the acquired voltage or current into a digital signal, and the digital-analog circuit is used for converting the digital signal output by the DSP chip into an analog signal;
the photoelectric isolation circuit is used for carrying out photoelectric isolation on the received signals;
the output end of the digital-to-analog circuit is electrically connected with the input end of the DSP chip, and a situation perception-based harmonic algorithm of an active power distribution network is arranged in the DSP chip and is used for alternating current sampling, calculation and processing of power parameters and detection, control and communication of load equipment;
the output end of the FPGA chip is electrically connected with the input end of the DSP chip, the input end of the FPGA chip is electrically connected with the output end of the photoelectric isolation circuit, and the FPGA chip is used for fusing and processing a plurality of received signals.
When the technical scheme is adopted, power line input signals in the power distribution network are sampled through the analog-digital circuit, converted digital signals are sent to the DSP chip, calculation is achieved through a harmonic algorithm of the active power distribution network, and data such as voltage, current, active power, reactive power and electricity quantity of equipment in the power distribution network are obtained. Meanwhile, an original point signal, a limit signal and a switching signal lamp switching value signal are subjected to photoelectric isolation through a photoelectric isolation circuit, are sent to an FPGA chip for fusion processing, and are sent to a DSP chip, so that the DSP chip obtains a remote signaling state, a deflection record, a pulse electric quantity and the like of a power distribution network, and fault section isolation and network reconstruction are automatically or manually realized through remote control of the DSP chip, thereby realizing reduction of a power failure range and improvement of power supply reliability. Therefore, the reliability and the anti-interference capability of the regulation and control of the power distribution network are improved.
Preferably, the device also comprises an RAM, a Flash, an encryption circuit and a voltage stabilizing circuit, wherein the RAM, the Flash, the encryption circuit and the voltage stabilizing circuit are all electrically connected with the DSP chip, the DSP chip is also provided with a communication interface, and the communication interface comprises an Ethernet interface, a CAN bus interface, an RS-232 serial port, a human-computer interface and a PCI interface.
Preferably, the digital signal processing circuit further comprises a level conversion circuit and a pulse width modulation circuit, wherein the level conversion circuit and the pulse width modulation circuit are both electrically connected with the DSP chip, the level conversion circuit is used for level conversion of pulse signals, and the pulse width modulation circuit is used for modulation of PWM signals.
Preferably, the input end of the photoelectric isolation circuit is electrically connected with an I/O device, and the output end of the photoelectric isolation circuit is connected with the input end of the I/O device through an amplification circuit.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect that this scheme produced is:
through the arrangement of the DSP chip and the FPGA chip, the FPGA chip performs fusion processing on various signals, so that the processing burden of the DSP chip is reduced; therefore, the DSP chip can be used for rapidly processing the power line input signals in the power distribution network through the situation perception-based harmonic algorithm of the active power distribution network, and the DSP chip is used for realizing fault section isolation and network reconstruction, so that the power failure range can be reduced, the power supply reliability is improved, and the problems of management evaluation, prediction planning, operation control and fault diagnosis in the power distribution network are effectively solved.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings, which are required to be used in the embodiments, will be briefly described below. In all the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to actual scale.
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of a situation awareness-based control system for an active power distribution network according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a flow of a DSP chip in the control system of the active power distribution network based on situational awareness according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
A situation awareness-based harmonic algorithm of an active power distribution network comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, obtaining a current sampling value and a voltage sampling value by carrying out alternating current sampling from a power distribution network.
And step two, respectively constructing the sampling value of the current and the sampling value of the voltage into complex sequences.
In this embodiment, a complex sequence is respectively constructed by sampling values of 32-point current { i (n) } and 32-point voltage { u (n) } acquired by ac sampling in the power distribution network.
And thirdly, performing discrete Fourier transform on the complex sequence, and obtaining a basic electrical parameter formula, a voltage frequency spectrum formula and a current frequency spectrum formula according to the complex conjugate property of the discrete Fourier transform.
And respectively calculating the harmonic wave of the voltage and the harmonic wave of the current by using a frequency spectrum formula of the voltage and a frequency spectrum formula of the current.
And calculating the basic electrical parameters in the power distribution network through a basic electrical parameter formula.
In this embodiment, the specific derivation steps of Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) are:
collecting voltage and current with periodic signals in a power distribution network can be expressed as follows:
Figure BDA0003546762700000061
Figure BDA0003546762700000062
decomposing the equations (1) and (2) according to a Fourier series:
Figure BDA0003546762700000063
or
Figure BDA0003546762700000064
Wherein A is0Is a direct current component and is the average value of a periodic function f (t) in one period, AnAnd BnThe coefficients, which are fourier series, are rectangular components of the nth harmonic.
To obtain: the nth harmonic vector is:
Figure BDA0003546762700000071
Cn∠φn＝An+jBn；
Figure BDA0003546762700000072
after dispersion, the following formula is obtained:
Figure BDA0003546762700000073
Figure BDA0003546762700000074
wherein N is 0,1,2, …, N-1 is the harmonic order, K is 0,1,2, …, N-1 is the sampling order;
fkthe sampling value is the Kth time, and N is the sampling number of each cycle;
according to the digital signal processing formula:
Figure BDA0003546762700000075
as can be seen from equations (5), (6) and (7), the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) is expressed as:
Figure BDA0003546762700000076
in this step, the frequency spectrum formula of the voltage and the frequency spectrum formula of the current are as follows:
Figure BDA0003546762700000077
Figure BDA0003546762700000078
the electrical parameter formula is:
Figure BDA0003546762700000079
Figure BDA00035467627000000710
and (4) completing the calculation of each electric parameter through an electric parameter formula to obtain the effective value and the power factor of each item.
According to the technical scheme, the current sampling value and the voltage sampling value are obtained from the power distribution network, the current sampling value and the voltage sampling value are obtained to be constructed into a complex sequence, then discrete Fourier transform is carried out, and complex conjugate properties are obtained, so that fundamental wave and harmonic content in voltage and current are obtained through a frequency spectrum formula, meanwhile, basic electrical parameters such as voltage, current, active power and reactive power of equipment operation in the power distribution network can be calculated according to an electrical parameter formula, and therefore changes of harmonic waves in the power distribution network can be measured quickly and accurately.
The invention also provides an intelligent management and control system of the harmonic algorithm of the active power distribution network based on situation awareness, which comprises an analog-digital circuit, a digital-analog circuit, a photoelectric isolation circuit, a DSP chip, an FPGA chip, an RAM, a Flash, an encryption circuit, a voltage stabilizing circuit, a level conversion circuit and a pulse width modulation circuit.
In this embodiment, the DSP chip is TMS320F2812 of TI corporation.
Specifically, the analog-to-digital circuit is used for converting an analog signal of the acquired voltage or current into a digital signal, and the digital-to-analog circuit is used for converting the digital signal output by the DSP chip into an analog signal.
The photoelectric isolation circuit is used for carrying out photoelectric isolation on the received signals.
The output end of the digital-analog circuit is electrically connected with the input end of the DSP chip, and a situation perception-based harmonic algorithm of the active power distribution network is arranged in the DSP chip and used for alternating current sampling, calculation and processing of power parameters, and detection, control and communication of load equipment.
The output end of the FPGA chip is electrically connected with the input end of the DSP chip, the input end of the FPGA chip is electrically connected with the output end of the photoelectric isolation circuit, and the FPGA chip is used for fusing and processing a plurality of received signals. In this embodiment, the FPGA chip is used to fuse the switching signal, the origin signal, and the limit signal obtained in the power distribution network. The FPGA chip provides a real-time clock and is used for storing important information of the system through the memory, and the burden of the DSP chip is reduced.
The RAM, the Flash, the encryption circuit and the voltage stabilizing circuit are all electrically connected with the DSP chip, the DSP chip is in communication connection with a communication interface, a human-computer interface and a PCI interface, and the communication interface comprises an Ethernet interface, a CAN bus interface and an RS-232 serial port. So as to be electrically connected with the power supply through the voltage stabilizing circuit and provide a stable power supply for the DSP chip. And the human-computer interface interaction is carried out through the human-computer interface, and the communication connection is carried out with the PC through the PCI interface.
Meanwhile, the level conversion circuit and the pulse width modulation circuit are both electrically connected with the DSP chip, the level conversion circuit is used for level conversion of pulse signals, and the pulse width modulation circuit is used for modulation of PWM signals.
The input end of the photoelectric isolation circuit is electrically connected with I/O equipment, and the output end of the photoelectric isolation circuit is connected with the input end of the I/O equipment through an amplifying circuit.
The working principle is as follows: a power line input signal in a power distribution network passes through a voltage transformer PT, a current transformer CT is changed into a lower voltage signal, the lower voltage signal is filtered and signal conditioned and is sent to an analog-digital circuit of a DSP chip for AD sampling, the DSP chip obtains a sampled digital signal and then calculates by using a synchronous Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) algorithm and a harmonic algorithm of an active power distribution network, and data such as voltage, current, active and reactive power, electric quantity and the like of equipment operation are obtained.
The switch state or electronic watt-hour meter outputs the pulse of the original point signal or the limit signal generated by the position sensor, enters the FPGA chip through the photoelectric isolation circuit, and then is transmitted to the DSP chip for collection (remote signaling input), and the DSP chip obtains the remote signaling state, the deflection record, the pulse electric quantity and the like.
And man-machine interaction is carried out through a man-machine interface projection keyboard, an LED display, a light emitting diode and the like. The command after the man-machine interaction can drive the switching-on and switching-off operation of the output relay control switch through the photoelectric isolation circuit, and simultaneously, the remote control or the local protection control is executed.
The invention has strong rapid signal processing capability through the arrangement of the DSP chip and the FPGA chip, can improve the reliability and the anti-interference capability, and can realize various complex rapid algorithms. The harmonic wave change can be timely and accurately measured so as to monitor the quality of the power grid. Meanwhile, the DSP chip is used for realizing fault section isolation and network reconstruction, so that the power failure range can be reduced, the power supply reliability is improved, and the management evaluation, the prediction planning, the operation control and the fault diagnosis in the power distribution network are effectively solved.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.

Claims (9)

1. A situation awareness-based harmonic algorithm of an active power distribution network is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a current sampling value and a voltage sampling value by performing alternating current sampling from a power distribution network;
respectively constructing the sampling values of the current and the voltage into complex sequences;
performing discrete Fourier transform on the complex sequence, and obtaining an electrical parameter formula, a frequency spectrum formula of voltage and a frequency spectrum formula of current according to the complex conjugation property of the discrete Fourier transform;
respectively calculating the harmonic content of the voltage and the harmonic content of the current through a frequency spectrum formula of the voltage and a frequency spectrum formula of the current;
and calculating basic electrical parameters in the power distribution network through an electrical parameter formula.
2. The situation awareness-based harmonic algorithm for the active power distribution network according to claim 1, wherein the basic electrical parameter formula, the voltage spectrum formula and the current spectrum formula are calculated by a computer.
3. The situation awareness-based harmonic algorithm for the active power distribution network according to claim 1, wherein the voltage spectrum formula and the current spectrum formula are as follows:
Figure FDA0003546762690000011
Figure FDA0003546762690000012
wherein, K is 0,1,2, …, N-1 is sampling times; n is the number of samples per cycle.
4. The situational awareness-based harmonic algorithm for an active power distribution network according to claim 1, wherein the electrical parameter formula is:
Figure FDA0003546762690000013
Figure FDA0003546762690000014
5. the situation awareness-based harmonic algorithm for the active power distribution network according to claim 4, wherein the discrete Fourier transform is derived by the following steps:
collecting voltage and current with periodic signals in a power distribution network can be expressed as follows:
Figure FDA0003546762690000021
Figure FDA0003546762690000022
decomposing the equations (1) and (2) according to a Fourier series:
Figure FDA0003546762690000023
or
Figure FDA0003546762690000024
Wherein A is0Is a direct current component and is the average value of a periodic function f (t) in one period, AnAnd BnThe coefficients, which are fourier series, are rectangular components of the nth harmonic.
To obtain: the nth harmonic vector is:
Figure FDA0003546762690000025
Cn∠φn＝An+jBn；
Figure FDA0003546762690000026
after dispersion, the following formula is obtained:
Figure FDA0003546762690000027
Figure FDA0003546762690000028
wherein N is 0,1,2, …, N-1 is the harmonic order, K is 0,1,2, …, N-1 is the sampling order; f. ofkThe value of the sample at the K-th time,n is the sampling number of each cycle;
according to the digital signal processing formula:
Figure FDA0003546762690000029
as can be seen from equations (5), (6) and (7), the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) is expressed as:
Figure FDA0003546762690000031
6. an intelligent management and control system for a situation awareness-based harmonic algorithm of an active power distribution network according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising an analog-digital circuit, a digital-analog circuit, a photoelectric isolation circuit, a DSP chip and an FPGA chip;
the analog-digital circuit is used for converting the analog signal of the acquired voltage or current into a digital signal, and the digital-analog circuit is used for converting the digital signal output by the DSP chip into an analog signal;
the photoelectric isolation circuit is used for carrying out photoelectric isolation on the received signals;
the output end of the digital-to-analog circuit is electrically connected with the input end of the DSP chip, and a harmonic algorithm and a synchronous phasor measurement algorithm of an active power distribution network are arranged in the DSP chip and are used for alternating current sampling, calculation and processing of power parameters and detection, control and communication of load equipment;
the output end of the FPGA chip is electrically connected with the input end of the DSP chip, the input end of the FPGA chip is electrically connected with the output end of the photoelectric isolation circuit, and the FPGA chip is used for fusing a plurality of received signals.
7. The situation awareness-based intelligent management and control system for the active power distribution network according to claim 6, further comprising a RAM, a Flash, an encryption circuit and a voltage stabilizing circuit, wherein the RAM, the Flash, the encryption circuit and the voltage stabilizing circuit are all electrically connected with the DSP chip, the DSP chip is in communication connection with a communication interface, a human-computer interface and a PCI interface, and the communication interface comprises an Ethernet interface, a CAN bus interface and an RS-232 serial port.
8. The situation awareness-based intelligent management and control system for the active power distribution network according to claim 7, further comprising a level conversion circuit and a pulse width modulation circuit, wherein the level conversion circuit and the pulse width modulation circuit are both electrically connected to the DSP chip, the level conversion circuit is used for level conversion of pulse signals, and the pulse width modulation circuit is used for modulation of PWM signals.
9. The situation awareness-based intelligent management and control system for the active power distribution network according to claim 6, wherein an input end of the photoelectric isolation circuit is electrically connected with an I/O device, and an output end of the photoelectric isolation circuit is connected with an input end of the I/O device through an amplification circuit.
CN202210250798.XA 2022-03-15 2022-03-15 Situation awareness-based harmonic algorithm of active power distribution network and control system thereof Pending CN114720765A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024083490A1 (en) * 2022-10-19 2024-04-25 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Determining a frequency spectrum of an electric current

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024083490A1 (en) * 2022-10-19 2024-04-25 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Determining a frequency spectrum of an electric current

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