CN114720042B - Shock wave energy passive measurement device and method based on one-way oil pressure valve - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a shock wave energy passive measurement device and a shock wave energy passive measurement method based on a one-way oil pressure valve, and aims to solve the problems of low shock wave measurement accuracy, high layout difficulty and high cost at present. The measuring device consists of a hydraulic oil container, hydraulic oil, a driving sliding block, a connecting piece, an oil receiving container, a fixed cover plate and a sealing ring. The wall of the hydraulic oil container is provided with an oil inlet valve for injecting hydraulic oil, and the driving sliding block freely slides in the hydraulic oil container; a one-way oil pressure valve is arranged at the center of the connecting piece, so that the hydraulic oil container is communicated with the oil receiving container; the driving slide block obtains kinetic energy to apply work after being acted by shock waves in the explosion shock wave measuring process, pressure is applied to hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil enters the oil receiving container through the one-way oil pressure valve, and measuring the shock wave energy of the explosion field according to the corresponding relation between the volume of the hydraulic oil collected in the oil receiving container and the shock wave energy. The device has the advantages of simple structure and convenient layout, and can accurately measure the energy of the shock wave.

Description

Passive measurement device and method for shock wave energy based on one-way oil pressure valve

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of explosion field shock wave parameter measurement, and in particular to a shock wave energy measurement device based on a one-way oil pressure valve.

Background technique

When explosives explode in the air, the pressure, density, and temperature of the surrounding air change suddenly, generating shock waves. Shock waves can cause damage to personnel, equipment, and buildings near the explosion site. The destructive effect of the explosion shock wave can be measured by the shock wave overpressure. Shock waves are generated and propagated in the form of wave fronts. The overpressure on the shock wave front is related to the shock wave energy. In order to evaluate the destructive power of the explosion shock wave, it is necessary to measure the energy of the explosion shock wave. Existing methods for measuring explosion shock wave parameters mainly include equivalent target method, electrical measurement method, and biological effect method.

The equivalent target method is to fix an equivalent target that has been calibrated to have a similar damage mechanism to the actual target in the explosion field, and qualitatively evaluate the damage effect of the shock wave on the actual target according to the degree of damage to the equivalent target after the explosion shock wave. The damage level of the corresponding actual target can be quickly determined by the correspondence between the damage level of the equivalent target and the damage level of the actual target under the same explosion shock wave. However, it is difficult to eliminate the difference in the resistance of the equivalent target and the actual target to the shock wave in the actual measurement process. Under given constraints, there are differences in the characteristics of the deformation and damage response degree of the equivalent target and the actual target under the action of the explosion shock wave. Moreover, it is difficult to infer the explosion field parameters such as shock wave pressure and energy by observing the damage morphology on the equivalent target, and the measurement precision and accuracy are not high.

The electrical measurement method converts the physical signals in the explosion field into electrical signals through electrical sensors, thereby measuring the explosion shock wave parameters. Since the test environment of the explosion field is very harsh, mechanical vibration, shock, thermal effects and electromagnetic interference will occur. These interference effects will affect the stability and accuracy of the output results of the electrical measurement sensor. At the same time, the installation and layout of cables in the electrical measurement sensor system are relatively complicated and easily affected by environmental factors. In the measurement research of explosion shock wave parameters, it is necessary to solve the problems of low measurement accuracy, susceptibility to environmental factors and difficult layout.

The biological effects method is to place selected organisms in the explosion field according to certain requirements, observe the damage to the organisms after the explosion, and judge the power of the shock wave according to the degree of damage to the biological targets. The biological effects method is affected by many factors during its implementation, and it cannot deduce the effects of different pressure peaks and durations on biological targets, so it is not suitable for large-scale evaluation of the damage power of explosion shock waves.

Therefore, the current methods for measuring explosion shock wave parameters are either easily affected by environmental factors, resulting in inaccurate measurement results, or are difficult to deploy and costly. How to improve the stability and accuracy of explosion shock wave energy measurement methods, reduce deployment difficulty, and reduce costs are technical issues that are of great concern to those skilled in the art.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a passive measurement device for shock wave energy based on a one-way oil pressure valve in view of the problems that the current explosion shock wave energy measurement method has low stability and accuracy, great difficulty in deployment and high cost.

The present invention is composed of a hydraulic oil container, hydraulic oil, an oil inlet valve, a driving slider, a one-way oil pressure valve, a connecting piece, an oil collecting container, a vacuum and oil drain valve, a fixed cover plate and a sealing ring. The hydraulic oil container is used to fill the hydraulic oil, and it can be a hollow metal round tube with openings at both ends. The round tube is made of high-strength alloy material, and the yield strength σ ₁ and density ρ ₁ respectively satisfy σ ₁ >210MPa and ρ ₁ >2.1g/cm ³ . The outer diameter of the hydraulic oil container is D ₁ , D ₁ satisfies 0.05m<D ₁ <0.5m, and the inner diameter of the hydraulic oil container is D ₂ , D ₂ satisfies 0.6D ₁ <D ₂ <0.9D ₁ . The thickness of the hydraulic oil container is t ₁ , t ₁ satisfies t ₁ =D ₁ -D ₂ . The length of the hydraulic oil container is L ₁ , L ₁ satisfies 1.0D ₁ <L ₁ <10D ₁ . The opening at one end of the hydraulic oil container is fixed and sealed by a driving slider, a fixed cover plate and a sealing ring, and the opening at the other end is connected to the oil collection container through a connector. The inner wall of the hydraulic oil container has an internal thread of the hydraulic oil container near the port connected to the connector, and the length of the internal thread of the hydraulic oil container is l ₁ , and l ₁ satisfies 0.05L ₁ <l ₁ <0.2L ₁ . The outer wall of the hydraulic oil container has an external thread of the hydraulic oil container for connecting the fixed cover plate near the port connected to the fixed cover plate, and the length of the external thread of the hydraulic oil container is l ₂ , and l ₂ satisfies 0.06L ₁ <l ₂ <0.3L ₁ .

An oil inlet valve is provided on the outer tube wall of the hydraulic oil container for injecting hydraulic oil. The oil inlet valve is a cylinder, and the diameter of the oil inlet valve is d ₁ , d ₁ satisfies 0.005m<d ₁ <0.05m. The length of the oil inlet valve is L ₂ , which satisfies 0.1L ₁ <L ₂ <2L ₁ . The distance between the oil inlet valve and the connector port on the hydraulic oil container is l ₃ , l ₃ satisfies 0.1L ₁ <l ₃ <0.5L ₁ .

Hydraulic oil is used to absorb shock wave energy. It should have good rust resistance and oxidation resistance, not easy to oxidize and deteriorate under high temperature and high pressure conditions, and have a long service life. When the shock wave acts, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil container flows into the oil collection container through the one-way oil valve in the connector under the action of the driving slider.

The driving slider is used to squeeze the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil container. The driving slider is made of high-strength alloy. The yield strength σ ₂ and density ρ ₂ of the driving slider satisfy σ ₂ >210MPa and ρ ₂ >2.1g/cm ³ respectively. The driving slider is a solid cylinder. The diameter of the driving slider is D ₃ , and D ₃ satisfies D ₃ ＝D ₂ . The length of the driving slider is L ₃ , and L ₃ satisfies 0.05L ₁ <L ₃ <0.5L ₁ . The slider is placed in the hydraulic oil container and can slide in the hydraulic oil container. One end of the driving slider is in contact with the hydraulic oil, and the other end is close to the sealing gasket and the fixed cover plate. When the shock wave acts, the driving slider obtains kinetic energy under the impact of the shock wave to exert pressure on the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil container.

The connector is used to connect the hydraulic oil container and the oil collection container. The connector is made of high-strength alloy. The yield strength σ ₃ and density ρ ₃ of the connector satisfy σ ₃ >210MPa and ρ ₃ >2.1g/cm ³ respectively. The connector is cylindrical. The diameter of the connector is D ₄ , and D ₄ satisfies D ₄ ＝D ₂ . The length of the connector is L ₄ , and L ₄ satisfies 2l ₂ <L ₄ <4l ₂ . The outer surface of the connector has an external connector thread, and the external connector thread matches the internal thread in the hydraulic oil container and the oil collection container. The external connector threads at both ends of the connector are used to connect the hydraulic oil container and the oil collection container respectively.

The one-way hydraulic valve is used to realize the one-way flow of hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil container to the oil collection container and prevent the hydraulic oil from flowing in the opposite direction. The one-way hydraulic valve is a straight-through one-way valve located on the central axis of the connector. The diameter of the one-way hydraulic valve is D ₅ , D ₅ satisfies 0.1D ₄ <D ₅ <0.5D ₄ , and the length of the one-way hydraulic valve is L ₅ , L ₅ satisfies L ₅ =L ₄ . The one-way hydraulic valve is a spring-loaded check valve, which relies on pressure to lift the valve disc controlled by the spring. When the pressure disappears, the spring force presses the valve disc down to block the backflow of the liquid. The one-way hydraulic valve is a one-way transport channel for hydraulic oil. When the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil container is subjected to the pressure of the driving slider, the hydraulic oil enters the one-way hydraulic valve, overcomes the spring force and friction force to open the valve of the one-way oil valve, and then flows into the oil collection container.

The oil collecting container is used to collect the hydraulic oil flowing out of the one-way hydraulic valve. The oil collecting container is a hollow metal circular tube with an opening at one end. The oil collecting container is made of high-strength alloy material. The yield strength σ ₄ and density ρ ₄ of the oil collecting container satisfy σ ₄ >210MPa and ρ ₄ >2.1g/cm ³ respectively. The outer diameter of the oil collecting container is D ₆ , D ₆ satisfies D ₆ ＝D ₁ , and the inner diameter of the oil collecting container is D ₇ , D ₇ satisfies D ₇ ＝D ₂ . The thickness of the oil collecting container is t ₂ , t ₂ satisfies t ₂ ＝t ₁ . The length of the oil collecting container is L ₆ , L ₆ satisfies L ₆ ＝L ₁ . The open end of the oil collecting container has an inner thread of the oil collecting container that matches the outer thread of the connector. The length of the inner thread of the oil collecting container is l ₄ , l ₄ satisfies l ₄ ＝l ₁ . The other end of the oil collection container is sealed and has a vacuum and oil discharge valve, which is used to vacuum the oil collection container and discharge the hydraulic oil collected in the oil collection container after the explosion impact. The vacuum and oil discharge valve is a cylinder, and the diameter of the vacuum and oil discharge valve is d ₂ , and d ₂ satisfies 0.005m<d ₂ <0.05m. The length of the vacuum and oil discharge valve is L ₇ , which satisfies 0.1L ₆ <L ₇ <0.3L ₆ . The distance between the vacuum and oil discharge valve and the central axis OO′ of the oil collection container 5 is l ₅ , and l ₅ satisfies 0.1D ₆ <l ₅ <0.4D ₆ .

The fixed cover plate is used to close one end of the hydraulic oil container. The fixed cover plate is a hollow cylinder with one end closed and the other end open. The fixed cover plate is made of high-strength alloy material. The yield strength σ ₅ and density ρ ₅ of the fixed cover plate satisfy σ ₅ >210MPa and ρ ₅ >2.1g/cm ³ respectively. The outer diameter of the fixed cover plate is D ₈ , D ₈ satisfies 0.054m<D ₈ <0.504m, and the inner diameter of the fixed cover plate is D ₉ , D ₉ satisfies D ₉ ＝D ₁ . The thickness of the fixed cover plate is t ₃ , t ₃ satisfies t ₃ ＝D ₈ -D ₉ . The inner wall of the fixed cover plate has an inner thread of the cover plate, and the inner thread of the fixed cover plate is used to connect with the outer thread of the outer wall of the hydraulic oil container. The length of the inner thread of the cover plate is l ₆ , and l ₆ satisfies l ₆ ＝l ₂ . The length of the fixed cover plate is L ₈ , and L ₈ satisfies L ₈ ＝t ₃ +l ₆ . A circular cover plate through hole is set at the bottom of the fixed cover plate, and the diameter of the cover plate through hole is D ₁₀ , and D ₁₀ satisfies 0.5D ₃ <D ₁₀ <0.9D ₃ . When the shock wave acts on the surface of the fixed cover plate, the shock wave can directly act on the driving slider through the cover plate through hole, so that the driving slider obtains kinetic energy.

The sealing ring is used to seal the hydraulic oil container. The sealing ring needs to be placed at the connection between the fixed cover plate and the hydraulic oil container, and then the fixed cover plate is connected to the hydraulic oil container through threads. The sealing ring is made of rubber material, and the sealing ring should have corrosion resistance, tear resistance and compression deformation resistance. The sealing ring is a circular ring sheet, the outer diameter of the sealing ring is D ₁₁ , D ₁₁ satisfies D ₁₁ ＝D ₉ , and the inner diameter of the sealing ring is D ₁₂ , D ₁₂ satisfies D ₁₂ ＝D _10. The thickness of the sealing ring is t ₄ , and t ₄ satisfies 0.001m<t ₄ <0.01m.

Before the explosion, place the driving slider in the hydraulic oil container, connect one end of the hydraulic oil container to the oil collection container through the connector, and connect the other end to the fixed cover plate after the sealing ring is placed, and inject hydraulic oil into the hydraulic oil container through the oil inlet valve. (If necessary, the hydraulic oil can be injected by a certain pressurization method to ensure that the container is completely filled with hydraulic oil; the injected pressure should be less than the opening pressure of the one-way oil pressure valve, and the pressure needs to be accurately recorded). In order to achieve the one-way flow of hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil container to the oil collection container, the oil collection container needs to be vacuumed through the vacuum pump and oil drain valve to further prevent the hydraulic oil flowing into the oil collection container from flowing back. Since the one-way oil pressure valve in the connector isolates the hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil will not flow into the oil collection container before the explosion. The side of the driving slider in the hydraulic oil container contacts the inner tube wall of the hydraulic oil container, and the driving slider can slide in the hydraulic oil container. After the hydraulic oil is injected into the hydraulic oil container, the driving slider slides to the port of the hydraulic oil container close to the fixed cover plate. Since the diameter of the driving slider is larger than the diameter of the through hole in the fixed cover plate, the driving slider contacts the sealing ring, and the fixing effect of the fixed cover plate prevents the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil container from flowing out to the outside. When the driving slider is acted upon by the outside, the driving slider obtains kinetic energy and squeezes the hydraulic oil, and the hydraulic oil applies pressure to the one-way oil pressure valve to open the one-way valve. At this time, the hydraulic oil can flow into the oil collection container through the one-way oil pressure valve. After the explosion shock wave, the fixed cover plate and the sealing ring are fixed. After the driving slider is acted upon by the shock wave, the driving slider obtains kinetic energy to do work, and will apply pressure to the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil container. After the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil container is subjected to pressure, it will flow into the oil collection container through the one-way oil pressure valve in the connecting piece. The volume of the hydraulic oil in the oil collection container after the explosion shock is ΔV, and the energy of the explosion shock wave is E. The shock wave energy E is obtained according to the corresponding relationship between the shock wave energy and the volume of the hydraulic oil, E=k·ΔV, where k is the energy sensitivity coefficient of the present invention. When the geometrical dimensions of the components in the device of the present invention vary, measuring devices with different measuring ranges can be obtained, and the measurement of explosion shock waves of different sizes can be realized.

The method for measuring the shock wave energy using the passive shock wave energy measuring device of the one-way oil pressure valve is:

The first step is to calibrate the energy sensitivity coefficient k (in kg·m 2 /(s 2 ·L)) of the one-way hydraulic valve shock wave energy measuring device through the gas-driven impact technology (see: Wang Jingui. Principles and Technology of Gas Guns [M]. National Defense Industry Press, 2001: ^40-54 ). In the calibration experiment, the position of the one-way hydraulic valve shock wave energy measuring device needs to be adjusted so that the trajectory ^is coaxial with the driving slider. The light gas gun system loads the projectile by compressing the gas to expand and do work. After the projectile obtains the initial velocity, it vertically hits the driving slider. After the driving slider obtains kinetic energy, it squeezes the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil container, and the hydraulic oil enters the oil collection container through the one-way hydraulic valve in the connector. The mass of the projectile is m ₀ , and the mass of the driving slider is m _1. The initial velocity v ₀ of the projectile is measured by a laser velocimeter. In the calibration experiment, the collision between the projectile and the driving slider is an elastic collision, and the deformation energy of the projectile and the driving slider is ignored. According to the elastic collision formula, the speed of the driving slider after the collision is calculated as v ₁ =2m ₀ v ₀ /(m ₀ +m ₁ ), the kinetic energy obtained by the driving slider is E ₁ =m ₁ v ₁ ² /2, and the volume of hydraulic oil collected by the oil collection container is measured to be ΔV. According to the corresponding relationship between energy E ₁ and hydraulic oil volume ΔV, E ₁ =k·ΔV, the value of energy sensitivity coefficient k is obtained.

The second step is to inject hydraulic oil into the hydraulic oil container through the oil inlet valve, evacuate the oil container through the vacuum and oil drain valve, and fix the one-way oil pressure valve shock wave energy passive measurement device in the explosion field through the bracket.

In the third step, the explosive explodes at the explosion point, and the generated explosion air shock wave acts on the surface of the driving slider. After the driving slider obtains kinetic energy, it slides and squeezes the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil container. The one-way oil pressure valve in the connecting part is opened by the pressure of the hydraulic oil, and the hydraulic oil enters the oil collection container through the one-way oil pressure valve.

The fourth step is to discharge the hydraulic oil in the oil collection container through vacuum pumping and oil drain valve after the explosion, and measure the volume of the discharged hydraulic oil as ΔV.

The fifth step is to calculate the shock wave energy E according to the relationship between the shock wave energy and the volume of the hydraulic oil: E=k·ΔV.

The following technical effects can be achieved by adopting the present invention:

1. After the explosion impact, the slider is driven to obtain kinetic energy, which applies pressure to the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil container, and the hydraulic oil flows into the oil collection container from the one-way oil pressure valve in the connector. The energy of the explosion shock wave can be obtained through the corresponding relationship between the volume of hydraulic oil collected in the oil collection container and the shock wave energy.

2. The present invention can change the specification of the one-way oil pressure valve to control the volume of hydraulic oil flowing into the oil collection container, and obtain measuring devices with different ranges, thereby realizing the measurement of shock waves of different sizes. At the same time, the range of the measuring device can also be changed by changing the geometrical dimensions of each component in the device.

3. The device of the present invention is mainly composed of a hydraulic oil container, an oil collection container, a connector and a fixed cover plate. It has a relatively simple structure and can be directly deployed in the explosion field, and is easy to operate. The device of the present invention is a passive sensor, does not require external power supply, and is not affected by electromagnetic factors. When measuring the explosion shock wave, the shock wave power can be evaluated according to the volume of the discharged hydraulic oil, and has certain stability and reliability.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a passive measurement device for shock wave energy of a one-way oil pressure valve according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an axial cross-sectional view of the passive measurement device for shock wave energy of a one-way oil pressure valve of the present invention before being impacted by an explosion.

FIG3 is a left view of the passive measuring device for shock wave energy of a one-way oil pressure valve of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a top view of the passive measurement device for shock wave energy of a one-way oil pressure valve of the present invention.

FIG5 is an axial cross-sectional view of the passive measurement device for shock wave energy of a one-way oil pressure valve according to the present invention after being impacted by an explosion.

Description of reference numerals:

1. Hydraulic oil container, 11. Oil inlet valve, 12. Internal thread of hydraulic oil container, 13. External thread of hydraulic oil container, 2. Hydraulic oil, 3. Driving slider, 4. Connecting piece, 41. One-way oil pressure valve, 42. External thread of connecting piece, 5. Oil collecting container, 51. Internal thread of oil collecting container, 52. Vacuuming and oil draining valve, 6. Fixed cover plate, 61. Cover plate through hole, 62. Cover plate internal thread, 7. Sealing ring, 8. Explosion point.

Detailed ways

The present invention is based on the basic design principle of hydraulic oil flow absorbing and transmitting shock wave energy, taking into account the geometric dimensions of various components and the matching relationship between various components, and designs a passive shock wave energy measurement device based on a one-way oil pressure valve. For ease of understanding, the specific implementation method is introduced through the accompanying drawings.

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. As shown in FIG1 , the present invention is composed of a hydraulic oil container 1, hydraulic oil 2, a driving slider 3, a connecting piece 4, an oil collecting container 5, a fixed cover plate 6 and a sealing ring 7. The end close to the explosion point 8 (i.e., the O end in FIG1 ) is defined as the left end of the present invention, and the end away from the explosion point 8 (i.e., the O′ end in FIG1 ) is defined as the right end of the present invention. The fixed cover plate 6, the hydraulic oil container 1, the connecting piece 4, and the oil collecting container 5 are coaxially connected from left to right by threaded connection, that is, the centers of these components are all on the central axis OO′. An oil inlet valve 11 for injecting hydraulic oil 2 is provided on the wall of the hydraulic oil container 1, and the driving slider 3 can slide freely in the hydraulic oil container 1. A one-way oil pressure valve 41 is provided at the center of the connecting piece 4, so that the hydraulic oil container 1 and the oil collecting container 5 are connected. A vacuum and oil discharge valve 52 is provided at one end (right end) of the sealed opening of the oil collecting container 5, and a cover plate through hole 61 is provided at the bottom of the fixed cover plate 6. A sealing ring 7 capable of sealing the hydraulic oil is placed between the hydraulic oil container 1 and the fixed cover plate 6, and the hydraulic oil container 1 and the fixed cover plate 6 are connected by threaded connection. After the hydraulic oil 2 is injected into the hydraulic oil container 1, the driving slider 3 slides to the end where the hydraulic oil container 1 and the fixed cover plate 6 are connected, and contacts the sealing ring 7 to seal the left end of the hydraulic oil container 1.

Figure 2 is an axial cross-sectional view of the present invention before the explosion. The hydraulic oil container 1 is used to store hydraulic oil 2 before the explosion. After the explosion, the driving slider 3 is squeezed from left to right by the explosion shock wave.

The hydraulic oil container 1 is a round tube with two ends open, the left end is connected to the fixed cover plate 6 by a thread, and the right end is connected to the connector 4 by a thread. The hydraulic oil container 1 is made of a high-strength alloy material, and the yield strength σ ₁ and density ρ ₁ of the hydraulic oil container 1 satisfy σ ₁ >210MPa and ρ ₁ >2.1g/cm ³ respectively. The outer diameter D ₁ of the hydraulic oil container 1 satisfies 0.05m<D ₁ <0.5m, and the inner diameter D ₂ of the hydraulic oil container 1 satisfies 0.6D ₁ <D ₂ <0.9D ₁ . The side wall thickness t ₁ of the hydraulic oil container 1 satisfies t ₁ =D ₁ -D ₂ . The length L ₁ of the hydraulic oil container 1 satisfies 1.2D ₁ <L ₁ <2D ₁ . The hydraulic oil container 1 has a hydraulic oil container internal thread 12 at one end connected to the connector 4, and the length l ₁ of the hydraulic oil container internal thread 12 satisfies 0.05L ₁ <l ₁ <0.2L ₁ . The hydraulic oil container 1 has an external thread 13 of the hydraulic oil container for connecting the fixed cover plate 6 at one end connected to the fixed cover plate 6, and the length l ₂ of the external thread 13 of the hydraulic oil container satisfies 0.06L ₁ <l ₂ <0.3L ₁ . A through hole is opened in the wall of the hydraulic oil container 1 and an oil inlet valve 11 is installed on the through hole for injecting hydraulic oil 2 into the hydraulic oil container 1. The oil inlet valve 11 is a cylinder, and the diameter d ₁ of the oil inlet valve 11 satisfies 0.005m<d ₁ <0.05m, and the length L ₂ of the oil inlet valve 11 satisfies 0.1L ₁ <L ₂ <0.3L ₁ . The distance l ₃ between the oil inlet valve 11 and the connection port of the hydraulic oil container 1 and the connector 4 satisfies 0.2L ₁ <l ₃ <0.8L ₁ .

The hydraulic oil 2 is used to absorb the shock wave energy. The hydraulic oil 2 should have good rust resistance and oxidation resistance, not easy to oxidize and deteriorate under high temperature and high pressure conditions, and have a long service life. After the explosion, the driving slider 3 is squeezed from left to right by the explosion shock wave to squeeze the hydraulic oil 2 in the hydraulic oil container 1, and the hydraulic oil 2 is squeezed and flows, thereby achieving energy absorption and buffering.

As shown in FIG1 , in combination with FIG2 , the connector 4 is a cylinder, and the connector 4 is made of a high-strength alloy. The yield strength σ ₃ and density ρ ₃ of the connector 4 satisfy σ ₃ >210MPa and ρ ₃ >2.1g/cm ³ respectively. The outer diameter D ₄ of the connector 4 satisfies D ₄ =D ₂ . The length L ₄ of the connector 4 satisfies 2l ₂ <L ₄ <4l ₂ . The outer surface of the connector 4 is provided with a connector outer thread 42, and the connector 4 connects the hydraulic oil container 1 with the oil collection container 5 by threaded connection. A one-way oil pressure valve 41 is coaxially installed at the center of the connector 4, and the one-way oil pressure valve 41 is used to transport the hydraulic oil 2 in the hydraulic oil container 1 to the oil collection container 5 in one direction. The one-way oil pressure valve 41 is a spring check valve, which can prevent the hydraulic oil 2 from flowing back to the hydraulic oil container 1. The diameter D ₅ of the one-way oil pressure valve 41 satisfies 0.1D ₄ <D ₅ <0.5D ₄ . The length _L5 of the one-way hydraulic valve 41 satisfies _L5 = _L4 .

The oil collecting container 5 is a cylinder with one end closed and the other end open. The oil collecting container 5 is used to collect the hydraulic oil 2 flowing out of the hydraulic oil container 1 after the explosion impact. The oil collecting container 5 is made of high-strength alloy material. The yield strength σ ₄ and density ρ ₄ of the oil collecting container 5 satisfy σ ₄ >210MPa and ρ ₄ >2.1g/cm ³ respectively. The outer diameter D ₆ of the oil collecting container 5 satisfies D ₆ =D ₁ , and the inner diameter D ₇ of the oil collecting container 5 satisfies D ₇ =D ₂ . The thickness of the side wall and the bottom of the oil collecting container 5 is t ₂ , and t ₂ satisfies t ₂ =t ₁ . The length L ₆ of the oil collecting container 5 satisfies L ₆ =L ₁ . The open end (left end) of the oil collecting container 5 is connected to the outer thread 42 of the connecting piece through the inner thread 51 of the oil collecting container, and the length l ₄ of the inner thread 51 of the oil collecting container satisfies l ₄ =l ₁ . A vacuum and oil discharge valve 52 is installed at one closed end (right end) of the oil collection container 5, which is used to vacuum and discharge the collected hydraulic oil 2. The diameter _d2 of the vacuum and oil discharge valve 52 satisfies 0.005m< _d2 <0.05m. The length _L7 of the vacuum and oil discharge valve 52 satisfies _0.1L5 < _L7 < _0.3L5 . The distance l5 between the vacuum and oil discharge valve 52 and the central axis OO' of the oil collection container ₅ satisfies _0.1D6 < _l6 < _0.4D6 .

As shown in FIG1 and FIG2 , the driving slider 3 is located in the hydraulic oil container 1 and seals the left port of the hydraulic oil container 1 with the sealing ring 7 and the fixed cover plate 6. The driving slider 3 can slide in the hydraulic oil container 1. The driving slider 3 is made of a high-strength alloy. The yield strength σ ₂ and density ρ ₂ of the driving slider 3 satisfy σ ₂ >210MPa and ρ ₂ >2.1g/cm ³ respectively. The driving slider 3 is a solid cylinder, and the diameter D ₃ of the driving slider 3 satisfies D ₃ =D ₂ . The length L ₃ of the driving slider 3 satisfies 0.05L ₁ <L ₃ <0.5L ₁ . The right end of the driving slider 3 contacts the hydraulic oil 2, and the left end is close to the sealing ring 7 and the fixed cover plate 6. The center of the driving slider 3 (on the axis OO′) is aligned with the explosion point 8. The shock wave generated after the explosion of the explosion point 8 acts on the driving slider 3, and the driving slider 3 applies pressure to the hydraulic oil 2 from left to right.

The fixed cover plate 6 is used to fix the sealing ring 7 and the driving slider 3, so as to seal the left end of the hydraulic oil container 1. The fixed cover plate 6 is a hollow cylinder with a closed left end and an open right end. The fixed cover plate 6 is made of a high-strength alloy material. The yield strength σ ₅ and density ρ ₅ of the fixed cover plate 6 satisfy σ ₅ >210MPa and ρ ₅ >2.1g/cm ³ respectively. The outer diameter D ₈ of the fixed cover plate 6 satisfies 0.054m<D ₈ <0.504m, and the inner diameter D ₉ of the fixed cover plate 6 satisfies D ₉ =D ₁ . The thickness t ₃ of the side wall of the fixed cover plate 6 satisfies t ₃ =D ₈ -D ₉ . The fixed cover plate 6 is connected to the hydraulic oil container outer thread 13 of the outer wall of the hydraulic oil container 1 through the cover plate inner thread 61 of the inner wall, and the length l ₆ of the cover plate inner thread 61 satisfies l ₆ =l ₂ . The length L ₈ of the fixed cover plate satisfies L ₈ = t ₃ + l ₆ . A sealing ring 7 is placed at the connection between the fixed cover plate 6 and the hydraulic oil container 1 to seal the left port of the hydraulic oil container 1. A circular cover plate through hole 61 is provided on the left end face of the fixed cover plate 6, and the cover plate through hole 61 is coaxial with OO′. The diameter D ₁₀ of the cover plate through hole 61 satisfies 0.5D ₃ <D ₁₀ <0.9D ₃ . When the explosion shock wave is incident, it directly contacts the driving slider 3 through the cover plate through hole 61, so that the driving slider 3 slides after obtaining kinetic energy.

The sealing ring 7 is made of rubber material and is used to seal the hydraulic oil 2. The sealing ring 7 is a circular thin sheet, and the outer diameter _D11 of the sealing ring 7 satisfies _D11 ＝ _D9 , and the inner diameter _D12 of the sealing ring 7 satisfies _D12 ＝ _D10 . The thickness _t4 of the sealing ring 7 satisfies 0.001m< _t4 <0.01m.

FIG3 is a left view of the device of the present invention. As shown in FIG3, a circular cover plate through hole 61 is set in the center of the fixed cover plate 6, and the driving slider 3 is located inside the cover plate through hole 61. The diameter of the driving slider 3 is larger than the diameter of the cover plate through hole 61. Before the explosion impact, when the hydraulic oil 2 is injected into the hydraulic oil container 1, the driving slider 3 slides to the port of the hydraulic oil container 1 and is constrained by the fixed cover plate 6, and will not slide out of the cover plate through hole 61. The hydraulic oil 2 in the hydraulic oil container 1 is sealed by the fixing effect of the fixed cover plate 6 and the sealing effect of the sealing ring 7 and the driving slider 3.

FIG4 is a top view of the present invention. As shown in FIG4 , the oil inlet valve 11 is located on the upper surface of the hydraulic oil container 1. One end of the hydraulic oil container 1 is connected to the fixed cover plate 6, and the other end is connected to the oil collection container 5 through the connector 4. The vacuum and oil discharge valve 52 on the oil collection container 5 is located at the right closed end of the oil collection container 5.

FIG5 is an axial cross-sectional view of the present invention after being impacted by an explosion. As shown in FIG5 , the position of the driving slider 3 has changed relative to that before the explosion impact, and the hydraulic oil 2 is collected in the oil collecting container 5. When the explosion point 8 explodes, the generated shock wave acts on the driving slider 3, and the driving slider 3 exerts pressure on the hydraulic oil 2 in the hydraulic oil container 1 from left to right after obtaining kinetic energy. Since a one-way oil pressure valve 41 is provided in the connecting member 4 between the hydraulic oil container 1 and the oil collecting container 5, the one-way oil pressure valve 41 opens after being subjected to pressure, and part of the hydraulic oil 2 in the hydraulic oil container 1 enters the oil collecting container 5 from the one-way oil pressure valve 41. After the oil collecting container 5 is evacuated by vacuuming and the oil discharge valve 52, the hydraulic oil 41 is transported unidirectionally from left to right without backflow. After the shock wave acts, the hydraulic oil 2 collected in the oil collecting container 5 is discharged by vacuuming and the oil discharge valve 52, and the volume of the discharged hydraulic oil 2 is measured to be ΔV. The shock wave energy E is obtained according to the corresponding relationship between the shock wave energy E and the volume ΔV of the hydraulic oil 2, E=k·ΔV.

The method for measuring the shock wave energy using the passive shock wave energy measuring device of the one-way oil pressure valve is:

The first step is to calibrate the energy sensitivity coefficient k (in kg·m 2 /(s 2 ·L)) of the one-way hydraulic valve shock wave energy measuring device through the gas driven impact technology (see: Wang Jingui. Principles and Technology of Gas Guns [M]. National Defense Industry Press, 2001: ^40-54 ). In the calibration experiment, the position of the one-way hydraulic valve shock wave energy measuring device needs to be adjusted so that the trajectory is coaxial with ^the driving slider 3. The light gas gun system loads the projectile by compressing the gas to expand and do work. After the projectile obtains the initial velocity, it vertically hits the driving slider 3. After the driving slider 3 obtains kinetic energy, it squeezes the hydraulic oil 2 in the hydraulic oil container 1, and the hydraulic oil 2 enters the oil collection container 5 through the one-way hydraulic valve 41 in the connecting piece 4. The mass of the projectile is m ₀ , and the mass of the driving slider 3 is m _1. The initial velocity v ₀ of the projectile is measured by a laser velocimeter. In the calibration experiment, the collision between the projectile and the driving slider 3 is an elastic collision, and the deformation energy of the projectile and the driving slider 3 is ignored. The velocity v ₁ =2m ₀ v ₀ /(m ₀ +m ₁ ) of the driving slider 3 after the collision is calculated according to the elastic collision formula, the kinetic energy obtained by the driving slider 3 is E ₁ =m ₁ v ₁ ² /2, and the volume of the hydraulic oil 2 collected by the oil collecting container 5 is measured to be ΔV. According to the corresponding relationship between the energy E ₁ and the volume ΔV of the hydraulic oil 2, E ₁ =k·ΔV, the value of the energy sensitivity coefficient k is obtained.

In the second step, hydraulic oil 2 is injected into the hydraulic oil container 1 through the oil inlet valve 11, the oil collecting container 5 is evacuated through the vacuum and oil drain valve 52, and the one-way oil pressure valve shock wave energy passive measuring device is fixed in the explosion field through a bracket. At this time, the axial cross-sectional view of the one-way oil pressure valve shock wave energy passive measuring device is shown in Figure 2.

In the third step, the explosive explodes at the explosion point 8, and the generated explosion air shock wave acts on the surface of the driving slider 3. After the driving slider 3 obtains kinetic energy, it slides and squeezes the hydraulic oil 2 in the hydraulic oil container 1. The one-way oil pressure valve 41 in the connecting part 4 is opened by the pressure of the hydraulic oil 2, and the hydraulic oil 2 enters the oil collecting container 5 through the one-way oil pressure valve 41. At this time, the axial cross-sectional view of the passive measurement device of the one-way oil pressure valve shock wave energy is shown in Figure 5.

In the fourth step, after the explosion, the hydraulic oil 2 in the oil collecting container 5 is discharged through vacuuming and the oil discharge valve 51, and the volume of the discharged hydraulic oil 2 is measured to be ΔV.

The fifth step is to calculate the shock wave energy E according to the relationship between the shock wave energy and the volume of the hydraulic oil 2: E=k·ΔV.

The above implementation example is only one embodiment of the present invention. Its specific structure and size can be adjusted accordingly according to actual needs (for example, changing the specification of the one-way oil pressure valve to change the measurement range). It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the patent of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The shock wave energy passive measuring device based on the one-way oil pressure valve is characterized by comprising a hydraulic oil container (1), hydraulic oil (2), a driving sliding block (3), a connecting piece (4), an oil receiving container (5), a fixed cover plate (6) and a sealing ring (7); defining one end, namely an O end, close to the explosion point (8) as the left end of the shock wave energy passive measuring device based on the one-way oil pressure valve, and defining one end, namely an O' end, far away from the explosion point (8) as the right end of the shock wave energy passive measuring device based on the one-way oil pressure valve; the fixed cover plate (6), the hydraulic oil container (1), the connecting piece (4) and the oil receiving container (5) are coaxially connected in a threaded connection mode from left to right; an oil inlet valve (11) for injecting hydraulic oil (2) is arranged on the pipe wall of the hydraulic oil container (1), and the sliding block (3) is driven to freely slide in the hydraulic oil container (1); a one-way oil pressure valve (41) is arranged at the center of the connecting piece (4) so that the hydraulic oil container (1) is communicated with the oil receiving container (5); one end, namely the right end, of the seal of the oil receiving container (5) is provided with a vacuumizing and oil discharging valve (52), and the bottom of the fixed cover plate (6) is provided with a cover plate through hole (61); a sealing ring (7) capable of sealing hydraulic oil is arranged between the hydraulic oil container (1) and the fixed cover plate (6), and the hydraulic oil container (1) is connected with the fixed cover plate (6) in a threaded connection mode; after the hydraulic oil (2) is injected into the hydraulic oil container (1), the driving sliding block (3) slides to one end of the hydraulic oil container (1) connected with the fixed cover plate (6) and contacts with the sealing ring (7) so as to seal the left end of the hydraulic oil container (1);

the hydraulic oil container (1) is used for placing hydraulic oil (2) before explosion impact, and the driving sliding block (3) after explosion extrudes the hydraulic oil (2) in the hydraulic oil container (1) from left to right under the action of explosion impact waves; the hydraulic oil container (1) is a circular tube with openings at two ends, the left port is connected with the fixed cover plate (6) through threads, and the right port is connected with the connecting piece (4) through threads; the hydraulic oil container (1) is made of high-strength alloy material, and the outer diameter of the hydraulic oil container (1) is D ₁ An inner diameter of D ₂ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Sidewall thickness t of hydraulic oil container (1) ₁ ＝(D ₁ -D ₂ ) 2; the length of the hydraulic oil container (1) is L ₁ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Hydraulic pressureThe oil container (1) is provided with an internal thread (12) of the hydraulic oil container at one end connected with the connecting piece (4), and the length of the internal thread (12) of the hydraulic oil container is l ₁ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The hydraulic oil container (1) is provided with a hydraulic oil container external thread (13) connected with the fixed cover plate (6) at one end connected with the fixed cover plate (6), and the length of the hydraulic oil container external thread (13) is l ₂ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The wall of the hydraulic oil container (1) is provided with a through hole, and an oil inlet valve (11) is arranged on the through hole;

the hydraulic oil (2) is used for absorbing the energy of the shock wave; after explosion, the driving sliding block (3) extrudes the hydraulic oil (2) in the hydraulic oil container (1) from left to right under the action of explosion shock waves, and the hydraulic oil (2) is extruded to flow, so that energy absorption and buffering are realized;

the connecting piece (4) is a cylinder, the connecting piece (4) is made of high-strength alloy, and the outer diameter of the connecting piece (4) is D ₄ Length L ₄ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The outer surface of the connecting piece (4) is provided with a connecting piece external thread (42), and the connecting piece (4) connects the hydraulic oil container (1) with the oil receiving container (5) in a threaded connection mode; the center of the connecting piece (4) is coaxially provided with a one-way oil pressure valve (41), and the one-way oil pressure valve (41) is used for unidirectionally conveying the hydraulic oil (2) in the hydraulic oil container (1) into the oil collecting container (5); the one-way oil pressure valve (41) is a spring type check valve, so that the hydraulic oil (2) is prevented from flowing reversely to the hydraulic oil container (1);

the oil receiving container (5) is a cylinder with one end closed and one end open, and the oil receiving container (5) is used for collecting hydraulic oil (2) flowing out of the hydraulic oil container (1) after the explosion impact action; the oil container (5) is made of high-strength alloy material, and the outer diameter D of the oil container (5) ₆ Satisfy D ₆ ＝D ₁ The inner diameter D of the oil container (5) ₇ Satisfy D ₇ ＝D ₂ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the One end, namely the left end, of the opening of the oil receiving container (5) is connected with the external thread (42) of the connecting piece through the internal thread (51) of the oil receiving container, and the right end, namely the closed end, of the oil receiving container (5) is provided with a vacuumizing and oil discharging valve (52) for vacuumizing and discharging the collected hydraulic oil (2);

the driving sliding block (3) is positioned in the hydraulic oil container (1), and seals the left port of the hydraulic oil container (1) with the sealing ring (7) and the fixed cover plate (6); the driving sliding block (3) is made of high-strength alloy and drivesThe sliding block (3) is a solid cylinder, and the diameter D of the sliding block (3) is driven ₃ Satisfy D ₃ ＝D ₂ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The right end of the driving sliding block (3) is contacted with the hydraulic oil (2), and the left end is close to the sealing ring (7) and the fixed cover plate (6); the center of the driving slide block (3) is aligned with the explosion point (8), and shock waves generated after the explosion of the explosion point (8) act on the driving slide block (3), so that the driving slide block (3) applies pressure to the hydraulic oil (2) from left to right;

the fixed cover plate (6) is used for fixing the sealing ring (7) and the driving sliding block (3), so that the left end of the hydraulic oil container (1) is sealed; the fixed cover plate (6) is a hollow cylinder with a left end closed and a right end opened, the fixed cover plate (6) is made of high-strength alloy material, and the outer diameter of the fixed cover plate (6) is D ₈ The inner diameter D of the fixed cover plate (6) ₉ ＝D ₁ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Thickness t of side wall of fixed cover plate (6) ₃ Satisfy t ₃ ＝(D ₈ -D ₉ ) 2; the fixed cover plate (6) is connected with the external thread (13) of the hydraulic oil container on the outer side wall of the hydraulic oil container (1) through the internal thread (61) of the cover plate on the inner side wall, and a sealing ring (7) is arranged at the joint of the fixed cover plate (6) and the hydraulic oil container (1), so that the left port of the hydraulic oil container (1) is sealed; the left end face of the fixed cover plate (6) is provided with a circular cover plate through hole (61), and the diameter of the cover plate through hole (61) is D ₁₀ The cover plate through hole (61) is coaxial with the OO'; when explosion shock waves are incident, the explosion shock waves are in direct contact with the driving sliding block (3) through the cover plate through hole (61), so that the driving sliding block (3) slides after obtaining kinetic energy;

the sealing ring (7) is made of rubber material and is used for sealing the hydraulic oil (2); the sealing ring (7) is a circular ring slice, and the outer diameter D of the sealing ring (7) ₁₁ ＝D ₉ Inner diameter D of seal ring (7) ₁₂ ＝D ₁₀ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Before explosion impact, after the hydraulic oil (2) is injected into the hydraulic oil container (1), the driving sliding block (3) slides to be in contact with the sealing ring (7), the driving sliding block (3) is fixed at the left port of the hydraulic oil container (1), and the hydraulic oil (2) in the hydraulic oil container (1) is sealed through the fixing function of the fixed cover plate (6) and the sealing function of the sealing ring (7) and the driving sliding block (3).

2. Shock wave energy passive based on one-way oil pressure valve as defined in claim 1Measuring device, characterized in that the hydraulic oil container (1) uses high-strength alloy material with yield strength sigma ₁ And density ρ ₁ Respectively satisfy sigma ₁ >210MPa、ρ ₁ >2.1g/cm ³ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Outer diameter D of hydraulic oil container (1) ₁ Satisfy 0.05m<D ₁ <0.5m, the inner diameter of the hydraulic oil container (1) is D ₂ Satisfy 0.6D ₁ <D ₂ <0.9D ₁ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Length L of hydraulic oil container (1) ₁ Satisfy 1.2D ₁ <L ₁ <2D ₁ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Length l of internal thread (12) of hydraulic oil container ₁ Satisfy 0.05L ₁ <l ₁ <0.2L ₁ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Length l of external thread (13) of hydraulic oil container ₂ Satisfy 0.06L ₁ <l ₂ <0.3L ₁ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The oil inlet valve (11) is a cylinder, and the diameter d of the oil inlet valve (11) ₁ Satisfy 0.005m<d ₁ <Length L of the oil inlet valve (11) of 0.05m ₂ Satisfy 0.1L ₁ <L ₂ <0.3L ₁ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Distance l between oil inlet valve (11) and connecting port of hydraulic oil container (1) and connecting piece (4) ₃ Satisfy 0.2L ₁ <l ₃ <0.8L ₁ 。

3. The passive shock wave energy measuring device based on the one-way oil pressure valve according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic oil (2) is required to be rust-proof and oxidation-resistant, and is not easy to oxidize and deteriorate under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions.

4. A passive shock wave energy measuring device based on a one-way oil pressure valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting piece (4) adopts a high-strength alloy with a yield strength σ ₃ And density ρ ₃ Respectively satisfy sigma ₃ >210MPa、ρ ₃ >2.1g/cm ³ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Outer diameter D of the connecting piece (4) ₄ Satisfy D ₄ ＝D ₂ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Length L of the connecting piece (4) ₄ Satisfy 2l ₂ <L ₄ <4l ₂ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Diameter D of the one-way oil pressure valve (41) ₅ Satisfy 0.1D ₄ <D ₅ <0.5D ₄ Length L of one-way hydraulic valve (41) ₅ Satisfy the following requirementsL ₅ ＝L ₄ 。

5. A passive shock wave energy measuring device based on a one-way oil pressure valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the oil container (5) adopts a high-strength alloy material with a yield strength sigma ₄ And density ρ ₄ Respectively satisfy sigma ₄ >210MPa、ρ ₄ >2.1g/cm ³ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The thickness of the side wall and the bottom end of the oil receiving container (5) is t ₂ ，t ₂ Satisfy t ₂ ＝t ₁ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Length L of oil container (5) ₆ Satisfy L ₆ ＝L ₁ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Length l of internal thread (51) of oil container ₄ ＝l ₁ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The diameter d of the vacuumizing and oil discharging valve (52) ₂ Satisfy 0.005m<d ₂ <0.05m; length L of vacuuming and oil discharging valve (52) ₇ Satisfy 0.1L ₅ <L ₇ <0.3L ₅ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Distance l between the vacuuming and oil discharging valve (52) and the central axis OO' of the oil container (5) ₅ Satisfy 0.1D ₆ <l ₅ <0.4D ₆ 。

6. A passive shock wave energy measuring device based on a one-way oil pressure valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the high strength alloy used for the driving slider (3) has a yield strength σ ₂ And density ρ ₂ Respectively satisfy sigma ₂ >210MPa、ρ ₂ >2.1g/cm ³ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Length L of the driving slide block (3) ₃ Satisfy 0.05L ₁ <L ₃ <0.5L ₁ 。

7. A passive shock wave energy measuring device based on a one-way oil pressure valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixed cover plate (6) adopts a high-strength alloy with a yield strength σ ₅ And density ρ ₅ Respectively satisfy sigma ₅ >210MPa、ρ ₅ >2.1g/cm ³ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Outer diameter D of fixed cover plate (6) ₈ Satisfy 0.054m<D ₈ <0.504m, inner diameter D of fixed cover plate (6) ₉ ＝D ₁ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Length l of cover plate internal thread (61) ₆ Satisfy l ₆ ＝l ₂ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Length L of fixed cover plate ₈ ＝t ₃ +l ₆ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Diameter D of cover plate through hole (61) ₁₀ Satisfy 0.5D ₃ <D ₁₀ <0.9D ₃ 。

8. A passive shock wave energy measuring device based on a one-way oil pressure valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealing ring (7) has a thickness t ₄ Satisfy 0.001m<t ₄ <0.01m。

9. A method of measuring shock wave energy using the passive shock wave energy measuring device based on a one-way oil pressure valve as defined in claim 1, comprising the steps of:

firstly, marking an energy sensitivity coefficient k of a one-way oil pressure valve shock wave energy measuring device through a gas driving impact technology; in the calibration experiment, the position of the impact wave energy measuring device of the one-way oil pressure valve needs to be adjusted so that the trajectory is coaxial with the driving sliding block (3); the light air cannon system loads the projectile through compressed air expansion acting, and the projectile vertically impacts the driving sliding block (3) after the initial speed is obtained; the driving sliding block (3) obtains kinetic energy and then extrudes hydraulic oil (2) in the hydraulic oil container (1), and the hydraulic oil (2) enters the oil receiving container (5) through a one-way oil pressure valve (41) in the connecting piece (4); the mass of the pellet is m ₀ The mass of the driving slide block (3) is m ₁ Measuring by laser velocimeter to obtain initial velocity v of the projectile ₀ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the calibration experiment, the collision between the projectile and the driving slide block (3) is elastic collision, and the deformation energy of the projectile and the driving slide block (3) is ignored; calculating the speed v of the driving sliding block (3) after collision according to an elastic collision formula ₁ ＝2m ₀ v ₀ /(m ₀ +m ₁ ) The kinetic energy obtained by driving the sliding block (3) is E ₁ ＝m ₁ v ₁ ² And (2) measuring the volume delta V of the hydraulic oil (2) collected by the oil collecting container (5); according to energy E ₁ Corresponding relation E between the volume DeltaV of the hydraulic oil (2) ₁ =k·Δv, thereby obtaining the value of the energy sensitivity coefficient k;

secondly, injecting hydraulic oil (2) into the hydraulic oil container (1) through an oil inlet valve (11), vacuumizing the oil receiving container (5) through a vacuumizing and oil discharging valve (52), and fixedly placing a passive measuring device for the impact wave energy of the one-way oil pressure valve in an explosion field through a bracket;

thirdly, explosive explodes at an explosion point (8), generated explosion air shock waves act on the surface of a driving sliding block (3), the driving sliding block (3) slides after obtaining kinetic energy and extrudes hydraulic oil (2) in a hydraulic oil container (1), a one-way oil pressure valve (41) in a connecting piece (4) is opened after being acted by the pressure of the hydraulic oil (2), and the hydraulic oil (2) enters an oil receiving container (5) through the one-way oil pressure valve (41);

fourthly, after the explosion is finished, discharging the hydraulic oil (2) in the oil receiving container (5) through the vacuumizing and oil discharging valve 51, and measuring to obtain the volume delta V of the discharged hydraulic oil (2);

and fifthly, calculating the shock wave energy E according to a relation E=k.delta V of the shock wave energy and the volume of the hydraulic oil (2).