CN114720042A - Passive measuring device and measuring method for shock wave energy based on one-way oil pressure valve - Google Patents
Passive measuring device and measuring method for shock wave energy based on one-way oil pressure valve Download PDFInfo
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- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 285
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 221
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/14—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring the force of explosions; for measuring the energy of projectiles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a passive measuring device and a passive measuring method for shock wave energy based on a one-way oil pressure valve, and aims to solve the problems of low accuracy, high layout difficulty and high cost of the conventional shock wave measurement. The measuring device consists of a hydraulic oil container, hydraulic oil, a driving slide block, a connecting piece, an oil receiving container, a fixed cover plate and a sealing ring. An oil inlet valve for injecting hydraulic oil is arranged on the pipe wall of the hydraulic oil container, and the driving sliding block freely slides in the hydraulic oil container; a one-way oil pressure valve is arranged at the center of the connecting piece, so that the hydraulic oil container is communicated with the oil receiving container; in the process of measuring the explosion shock wave, the driving slide block obtains kinetic energy to do work after being acted by the shock wave, pressure is applied to hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil enters the oil receiving container through the one-way oil pressure valve, and the measurement of the shock wave energy of the explosion field is realized according to the corresponding relation between the volume of the hydraulic oil collected in the oil receiving container and the shock wave energy. The device has simple structure and convenient layout, and can accurately measure the shock wave energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of blast field shock wave parameter measurement, in particular to a shock wave energy measuring device based on a one-way oil pressure valve.
Background
When the explosive explodes in the air, the states of the surrounding air, such as pressure, density and temperature, change suddenly to generate shock waves. The blast can cause damage to personnel, equipment and buildings near the blast field, and the destructive effect of the blast can be measured by the overpressure of the blast. The shock wave is generated and propagated in the form of a wave front, the overpressure on which is related to the shock wave energy. In order to assess the destructive power of an explosive shock wave, the energy of the explosive shock wave needs to be measured. The existing measuring method for the parameters of the blast shock wave mainly comprises an equivalent target method, an electrical measurement method, a biological effect method and the like.
The equivalent target method is characterized in that an equivalent target which is calibrated and has a damage mechanism similar to that of an actual target is fixed in an explosion field, and the damage effect of the blast wave on the actual target is qualitatively evaluated according to the damage degree of the equivalent target after the blast wave acts. The damage grade of the corresponding actual target can be quickly determined through the corresponding relation between the damage grade of the equivalent target and the damage grade of the actual target under the same action of the explosive shock wave. However, in the actual measurement process, the difference between the equivalent target and the actual target in resisting the shock wave is difficult to eliminate, and the characteristic that the equivalent target and the actual target have deformation damage response degree under the action of the explosion shock wave under the given constraint condition has difference. And explosion field parameters such as shock wave pressure, energy and the like are difficult to reversely deduce by observing the damage morphology on the equivalent target, and the measurement precision and accuracy are not high.
The electrical measurement method is to convert physical signals in an explosion field into electrical signals through an electrical measurement sensor so as to measure parameters of the explosion shock wave. Because the test environment of the explosion field is very severe, the effects of mechanical vibration, impact, thermal action, electromagnetic interference and the like can be generated, and the interference effects can influence the stability and the accuracy of the output result of the electric measurement sensor. Meanwhile, the installation and arrangement of cables in the electrical measurement sensor system are complex and are easily interfered by environmental factors. In the measurement research of the parameters of the explosive shock wave, the problems of low measurement accuracy, susceptibility to environmental factors and difficult layout need to be solved.
The biological effect method is to arrange selected organisms in an explosion field according to certain requirements, observe the damage condition of the organisms after the explosive explodes, and judge the power of the shock wave according to the damage degree of the biological target. The biological effect method is influenced by a plurality of factors during specific implementation, cannot obtain the influence of different pressure peak values and duration times on biological targets, and is not suitable for evaluating the damage power of explosion shock waves in a large quantity.
Therefore, the existing method for measuring the parameters of the explosion shock waves is easily influenced by environmental factors, so that the measurement result is not accurate enough, or the method is difficult to arrange and high in cost. How to improve the stability and accuracy of the explosive shock wave energy measuring method, reduce the laying difficulty and reduce the cost is a technical problem which is greatly concerned by technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of low stability and accuracy, high laying difficulty and high cost of the conventional explosion shock wave energy measuring method, and provides a shock wave energy passive measuring device based on a one-way oil pressure valve.
The invention is composed of a hydraulic oil container, hydraulic oil, an oil inlet valve, a driving slide block, a one-way oil pressure valve, a connecting piece, an oil receiving container, a vacuumizing and oil discharging valve, a fixed cover plate and a sealing ring. The hydraulic oil container is used for filling hydraulic oil and can be a hollow metal round pipe with two open ends. The pipe is made of high-strength alloy material and has yield strength sigma1And density ρ1Satisfy respectively sigma1>210MPa、ρ1>2.1g/cm3. The outer diameter of the hydraulic oil container is D1，D1Satisfies 0.05m<D1<0.5m, the inner diameter of the hydraulic oil container is D2，D2Satisfies 0.6D1<D2<0.9D1. The thickness of the hydraulic oil container is t1，t1Satisfy t1＝D1-D2. The length of the hydraulic oil container is L1，L1Satisfies 1.0D1<L1<10D1. An opening at one end of the hydraulic oil container is provided with a driving slide block,The fixed cover plate and the sealing ring are fixed and sealed, and the opening at the other end is connected with the oil receiving container through the connecting piece. The inner wall of the hydraulic oil container is provided with hydraulic oil container internal threads near the port connected with the connecting piece, and the length of the hydraulic oil container internal threads is l1，l1Satisfies 0.05L1<l1<0.2L1. The outer wall of the hydraulic oil container is provided with a hydraulic oil container external thread which is used for connecting the fixed cover plate near the port which is connected with the fixed cover plate, and the length of the hydraulic oil container external thread is l2，l2Satisfies 0.06L1<l2<0.3L1。
And an oil inlet valve is arranged on the outer pipe wall of the hydraulic oil container and used for injecting hydraulic oil. The oil inlet valve is a cylinder, and the diameter of the oil inlet valve is d1，d1Satisfies 0.005m<d1<0.05 m. The length of the oil inlet valve is L2Satisfy 0.1L1<L2<2L1. The distance between an oil inlet valve on the hydraulic oil container and the port of the connecting piece is l3，l3Satisfies 0.1L1<l3<0.5L1。
The hydraulic oil is used for absorbing shock wave energy, has good rust resistance and oxidation resistance, is not easy to oxidize and deteriorate under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure, and has long service life. When the shock wave acts, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil container flows into the oil collecting container through the one-way oil valve in the connecting piece under the action of the driving slide block.
The driving slide block is used for extruding hydraulic oil in a hydraulic oil container, is made of high-strength alloy and has yield strength sigma2And density ρ2Satisfy respectively sigma2>210MPa、ρ2>2.1g/cm3. The driving slide block is a solid cylinder and has a diameter D3，D3Satisfies D3＝D2. The length of the driving slide block is L3，L3Satisfies 0.05L1<L3<0.5L1. The slide block is arranged in the hydraulic oil container and can slide in the hydraulic oil container. One end of the driving sliding block is contacted with hydraulic oil, and the other end of the driving sliding block is close to the sealing gasket and the fixed cover plate. When impactingWhen the waves act, the driving slide block obtains kinetic energy under the impact of the shock waves so as to apply pressure to the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil container.
The connecting piece is used for connecting the hydraulic oil container and the oil collecting container, is made of high-strength alloy, and has yield strength sigma3And density ρ3Satisfy respectively sigma3>210MPa、ρ3>2.1g/cm3. The connecting piece is cylindrical and has a diameter D4，D4Satisfy D4＝D2. The length of the connecting piece is L4，L4Satisfy 2l2<L4<4l2. The outer surface of the connecting piece is provided with a connecting piece external thread, the connecting piece external thread is matched with the internal thread in the hydraulic oil container and the oil receiving container, and the connecting piece external threads at the two ends of the connecting piece are respectively used for connecting the hydraulic oil container and the oil receiving container.
The one-way oil pressure valve is used for realizing the one-way flow of the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil container to the oil receiving container and preventing the hydraulic oil from flowing reversely. The one-way oil pressure valve is a straight-through one-way valve and is positioned on the central axis of the connecting piece. The diameter of the one-way oil pressure valve is D5，D5Satisfies 0.1D4<D5<0.5D4The length of the one-way oil pressure valve is L5，L5Satisfy L5＝L4. The one-way oil pressure valve is a spring check valve, a valve clack controlled by a spring is jacked up by means of pressure, and after the pressure disappears, the valve clack is pressed down by the spring force, so that the sealed liquid flows backwards. The one-way oil pressure valve is a one-way transmission channel of hydraulic oil, when the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil container is acted by the pressure of the driving slide block, the hydraulic oil enters the one-way oil pressure valve, overcomes the spring force and the friction force to open the valve of the one-way oil valve, and then flows into the oil receiving container.
The oil collecting container is used for collecting the hydraulic oil flowing out through the one-way oil pressure valve. The oil collecting container is a hollow metal round pipe with one open end, is made of high-strength alloy material and has yield strength sigma4And density ρ4Satisfy respectively sigma4>210MPa、ρ4>2.1g/cm3. The outer diameter of the oil receiving container is D6，D6Satisfies D6＝D1The inner diameter of the oil receiving container is D7，D7Satisfies D7＝D2. The thickness of the oil receiving container is t2，t2Satisfy t2＝t1. The length of the oil receiving container is L6，L6Satisfy L6＝L1. One end of the opening of the oil receiving container is provided with an internal thread of the oil receiving container which is matched with the external thread of the connecting piece, and the length of the internal thread of the oil receiving container is l4，l4Satisfy l4＝l1. The other end of the oil receiving container is sealed and is provided with a vacuumizing and oil discharging valve which is used for discharging the hydraulic oil collected in the oil receiving container after the oil receiving container is vacuumized and subjected to explosion impact. The vacuumizing and oil discharging valve is a cylinder and has a diameter d2，d2Satisfies 0.005m<d2<0.05 m. The length of the vacuumizing and oil discharging valve is L7Satisfy 0.1L6<L7<0.3L6. The distance between the vacuumizing and oil discharging valve and the central axis OO' of the oil receiving container 5 is l5，l5Satisfies 0.1D6<l5<0.4D6。
The fixed cover plate is used for closing one end of the hydraulic oil container. The fixed cover plate is a hollow cylinder with one end closed and the other end opened, the fixed cover plate is made of high-strength alloy material, and the yield strength sigma of the fixed cover plate5And density ρ5Satisfy respectively sigma5>210MPa、ρ5>2.1g/cm3. The outer diameter of the fixed cover plate is D8，D8Satisfies 0.054m<D8<0.504m, inner diameter of the fixed cover plate is D9，D9Satisfies D9＝D1. The thickness of the fixed cover plate is t3，t3Satisfy t3＝D8-D9. The inner wall of the fixed cover plate is provided with a cover plate internal thread, the fixed cover plate internal thread is used for being connected with the external thread of the outer wall of the hydraulic oil container, and the length of the cover plate internal thread is l6，l6Satisfy l6＝l2. The length of the fixed cover plate is L8，L8Satisfy L8＝t3+l6. The bottom of the fixed cover plate is provided with a circleThe diameter of the cover plate through hole is D10，D10Satisfies 0.5D3<D10<0.9D3. When the shock wave acts on the surface of the fixed cover plate, the shock wave can directly act on the driving slide block through the through hole of the cover plate, so that the driving slide block obtains kinetic energy.
The sealing ring is used for sealing the hydraulic oil container. The sealing ring is required to be placed at the joint of the fixed cover plate and the hydraulic oil container, and then the fixed cover plate is connected to the hydraulic oil container through threads. The seal ring is made of a rubber material and should have corrosion resistance, tear resistance and compression deformation resistance. The sealing ring is a circular ring sheet, and the outer diameter of the sealing ring is D11，D11Satisfies D11＝D9The inner diameter of the sealing ring is D12，D12Satisfies D12＝D10. The thickness of the seal ring is t4，t4Satisfies 0.001m<t4<0.01m。
Before explosion impact, the driving slide block is placed in a hydraulic oil container, one end of the hydraulic oil container is connected with an oil receiving container through a connecting piece, the other end of the hydraulic oil container is connected with a fixed cover plate after being filled with a sealing ring, and hydraulic oil is injected into the hydraulic oil container through an oil inlet valve. (the filling can be carried out by a certain pressurizing mode if necessary to ensure that the hydraulic oil completely fills the container; the filling pressure is smaller than the opening pressure of the one-way oil pressure valve, and the pressure needs to be accurately recorded). In order to realize the one-way flow of the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil container to the oil receiving container, the oil receiving container needs to be vacuumized through the vacuumizing and oil discharging valve, and the hydraulic oil flowing into the oil receiving container is further prevented from flowing back. Because the one-way oil pressure valve in the connecting piece isolates the hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil can not flow into the oil receiving container before the explosion impact. The side surface of the driving slide block in the hydraulic oil container is contacted with the inner pipe wall of the hydraulic oil container, and the driving slide block can slide in the hydraulic oil container. After hydraulic oil is injected into the hydraulic oil container, the sliding block is driven to slide to a port on one side, close to the fixed cover plate, of the hydraulic oil container. Because the diameter of the driving slide block is larger than that of the through hole in the fixed cover plate, the driving slide block is contacted with the sealing ring, and the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil container does not flow out to the outside under the fixing action of the fixed cover plate. When the driving slide block is acted by the outside, the driving slide block extrudes hydraulic oil after obtaining kinetic energy, the hydraulic oil applies pressure to the one-way oil pressure valve to open the one-way valve, and at the moment, the hydraulic oil can flow into the oil receiving container through the one-way oil pressure valve. After the action of the explosion shock wave, the fixed cover plate and the sealing ring are fixed. After the driving slide block is acted by the shock wave, the driving slide block obtains kinetic energy to do work, pressure is applied to hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil container, and the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil container flows into the oil receiving container through the one-way oil pressure valve in the connecting piece after being acted by the pressure. The volume of the hydraulic oil in the oil receiving container after the explosion impact is delta V, the energy of the explosion shock wave is E, and the shock wave energy E is obtained according to the corresponding relation E of the shock wave energy and the volume of the hydraulic oil, wherein k is the energy sensitivity coefficient of the invention. When the geometric dimensions of the components in the device are changed, the measuring devices with different measuring ranges can be obtained, and the measurement of the explosive shock waves with different sizes can be realized.
The method for measuring the shock wave energy by adopting the passive measuring device of the shock wave energy of the one-way oil pressure valve comprises the following steps:
the first step is to drive the impact technology by gas (refer to the principle and technology of Wangjingui gas cannon [ M ]]National defense industry Press, 2001:40-54.) energy sensitivity coefficient k (in kg. m.) of one-way oil hydraulic valve shock wave energy measuring device was calibrated2/(s2L)). In a calibration experiment, the position of the one-way oil pressure valve shock wave energy measuring device needs to be adjusted to enable the trajectory to be coaxial with the driving sliding block. The light gas gun system loads the projectile by applying work through the expansion of compressed gas, and the projectile vertically impacts the driving slide block after obtaining an initial speed. The driving slide block extrudes hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil container after obtaining kinetic energy, and the hydraulic oil enters the oil receiving container through a one-way oil pressure valve in the connecting piece. The mass of the pill is m0The mass of the driving slider is m1Measuring the initial velocity v of the projectile by using a laser velocimeter0. In the calibration experiment, the collision between the projectile and the driving slide block is elastic collision, and the deformation energy of the projectile and the driving slide block is ignored. Calculating the speed v of the driving slide block after collision according to an elastic collision formula1＝2m0v0/(m0+m1) The kinetic energy obtained by driving the slide is E1＝m1v1 2And/2, measuring the volume of the hydraulic oil collected by the oil collecting container to be delta V. According to energy E1Corresponding relation E between volume delta V of hydraulic oil1K · Δ V, the value of the energy sensitivity coefficient k is obtained.
And secondly, injecting hydraulic oil into the hydraulic oil container through the oil inlet valve, vacuumizing the oil receiving container through the vacuumizing and oil discharging valve, and fixedly placing the unidirectional oil pressure valve shock wave energy passive measuring device in an explosion field through a support.
Thirdly, the explosive is exploded at an explosion point, the generated explosion air shock wave acts on the surface of the driving slide block, the driving slide block slides after obtaining kinetic energy and extrudes hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil container, a one-way oil pressure valve in the connecting piece is opened after being acted by the pressure of the hydraulic oil, and the hydraulic oil enters the oil receiving container through the one-way oil pressure valve.
And fourthly, after the explosion is finished, discharging the hydraulic oil in the oil receiving container through a vacuumizing and oil discharging valve, and measuring to obtain the volume delta V of the discharged hydraulic oil.
And fifthly, calculating the shock wave energy E according to a relation E ═ k · Δ V between the shock wave energy and the volume of the hydraulic oil.
The invention can achieve the following technical effects:
1. after the explosion impact action, the slide block is driven to obtain kinetic energy, pressure is applied to hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil container, and the hydraulic oil flows into the oil receiving container from the one-way oil pressure valve in the connecting piece. The energy of the explosion shock wave can be obtained through a corresponding relation between the volume of the hydraulic oil collected by the oil collecting container and the shock wave energy.
2. The invention can control the volume of the hydraulic oil flowing into the oil receiving container by changing the specification of the one-way oil pressure valve, and can obtain measuring devices with different measuring ranges, thereby realizing the measurement of shock waves with different sizes. At the same time, the measuring range of the measuring device can be changed by changing the geometric dimensions of each part in the device.
3. The device mainly comprises a hydraulic oil container, an oil receiving container, a connecting piece and a fixed cover plate, has a simpler structure, can be directly distributed in an explosion field, and is easy to operate. The device is a passive sensor, does not need an external power supply and is not interfered by electromagnetic factors. When the explosion shock wave is measured, the power of the shock wave can be evaluated according to the volume of the discharged hydraulic oil, and the device has certain stability and reliability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a passive measuring device for shock wave energy of a one-way oil pressure valve.
Fig. 2 is an axial sectional view of the passive measuring device for the shock wave energy of the one-way oil pressure valve before the passive measuring device is impacted by explosion.
Fig. 3 is a left side view of the passive measuring device for the shock wave energy of the one-way oil pressure valve.
Fig. 4 is a top view of the passive measuring device for the shock wave energy of the one-way oil pressure valve.
Fig. 5 is an axial sectional view of the passive measuring device for the shock wave energy of the one-way oil pressure valve after the passive measuring device is impacted by explosion.
Description of reference numerals:
1. the hydraulic oil container comprises a hydraulic oil container, 11 parts of an oil inlet valve, 12 parts of hydraulic oil container internal threads, 13 parts of hydraulic oil container external threads, 2 parts of hydraulic oil, 3 parts of a driving slider, 4 parts of a connecting piece, 41 parts of a one-way oil pressure valve, 42 parts of connecting piece external threads, 5 parts of an oil collecting container, 51 parts of oil collecting container internal threads, 52 parts of a vacuumizing and oil discharging valve, 6 parts of a fixed cover plate, 61 parts of a cover plate through hole, 62 parts of cover plate internal threads, 7 parts of a sealing ring and 8 parts of an explosion point.
Detailed Description
According to the basic design principle of absorbing and transmitting shock wave energy by hydraulic oil flow, the invention designs a shock wave energy passive measuring device based on a one-way oil pressure valve by considering the geometric dimensions of all parts and the matching relationship among all parts. For the purpose of facilitating understanding, specific embodiments are described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the general structure of the present invention. As shown in figure 1, the hydraulic oil container consists of a hydraulic oil container 1, hydraulic oil 2, a driving slide block 3, a connecting piece 4, an oil receiving container 5, a fixed cover plate 6 and a sealing ring 7. The end defined near the explosion point 8 (i.e., the O end in fig. 1) is the left end of the present invention, and the end defined away from the explosion point 8 (i.e., the O' end in fig. 1) is the right end of the present invention. The fixed cover plate 6, the hydraulic oil container 1, the connecting piece 4 and the oil receiving container 5 are coaxially connected from left to right in a threaded connection mode, namely the centers of the components are on the central shaft OO'. An oil inlet valve 11 for injecting hydraulic oil 2 is arranged on the pipe wall of the hydraulic oil container 1, and the driving slide block 3 can freely slide in the hydraulic oil container 1. A one-way oil pressure valve 41 is arranged at the center of the connecting piece 4, so that the hydraulic oil container 1 is communicated with the oil receiving container 5. One end (right end) of the seal of the oil receiving container 5 is provided with a vacuumizing and oil discharging valve 52, and the bottom of the fixed cover plate 6 is provided with a cover plate through hole 61. A sealing ring 7 capable of sealing hydraulic oil is arranged between the hydraulic oil container 1 and the fixed cover plate 6, and then the hydraulic oil container 1 is connected with the fixed cover plate 6 in a threaded connection mode. When the hydraulic oil 2 is injected into the hydraulic oil container 1, the driving slider 3 slides to one end of the hydraulic oil container 1 connected with the fixed cover plate 6 and contacts with the sealing ring 7 so as to seal the left end of the hydraulic oil container 1.
Fig. 2 is an axial cross-sectional view of the present invention prior to impact with an explosion. The hydraulic oil container 1 is used for placing hydraulic oil 2 before explosion impact, and after explosion, the driving slide block 3 extrudes the hydraulic oil 2 in the hydraulic oil container 1 from left to right under the action of explosion impact waves.
The hydraulic oil container 1 is a round pipe with two open ends, the left end is connected with the fixed cover plate 6 through threads, and the right end is connected with the connecting piece 4 through threads. The hydraulic oil container 1 is made of high-strength alloy material, and the yield strength sigma of the hydraulic oil container 11And density ρ1Satisfy respectively sigma1>210MPa、ρ1>2.1g/cm3. Outer diameter D of hydraulic oil container 11Satisfies 0.05m<D1<0.5m, the inner diameter of the hydraulic oil container 1 is D2Satisfies 0.6D1<D2<0.9D1. Side wall thickness t of hydraulic oil container 11Satisfy t1＝D1-D2. Length L of hydraulic oil container 11Satisfies 1.2D1<L1<2D1. The hydraulic oil container 1 has a hydraulic oil container internal thread 12 at one end connected to the connecting piece 4, the length l of the hydraulic oil container internal thread 121Satisfies 0.05L1<l1<0.2L1. The hydraulic oil container 1 is provided with a hydraulic oil container external thread 13 used for connecting the fixed cover plate 6 at one end connected with the fixed cover plate 6, and the length l of the hydraulic oil container external thread 132Satisfies 0.06L1<l2<0.3L1. The pipe wall of the hydraulic oil container 1 is provided with a through hole, and an oil inlet valve 11 is arranged on the through hole and used for injecting hydraulic oil 2 into the hydraulic oil container 1. The inlet valve 11 is a cylinder, and the diameter d of the inlet valve 111Satisfies 0.005m<d1<0.05m, length L of the inlet valve 112Satisfies 0.1L1<L2<0.3L1. The distance l between the oil inlet valve 11 and the connecting port of the hydraulic oil container 1 and the connecting piece 43Satisfies 0.2L1<l3<0.8L1。
The hydraulic oil 2 is used to absorb shock wave energy. The hydraulic oil 2 has good rust resistance and oxidation resistance, is not easy to oxidize and deteriorate under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure, and has long service life. After explosion, the driving slide block 3 extrudes the hydraulic oil 2 in the hydraulic oil container 1 from left to right under the action of explosion shock waves, and the hydraulic oil 2 is extruded to flow, so that energy absorption and buffering are realized.
As shown in fig. 1, in conjunction with fig. 2, the connecting member 4 is a cylindrical body, the connecting member 4 is made of a high-strength alloy, and the yield strength σ of the connecting member 43And density ρ3Satisfy respectively sigma3>210MPa、ρ3>2.1g/cm3. Outer diameter D of the connecting piece 44Satisfies D4＝D2. Length L of the connecting piece 44Satisfy 2l2<L4<4l2. The outer surface of the connecting piece 4 is provided with a connecting piece external thread 42, and the connecting piece 4 connects the hydraulic oil container 1 with the oil receiving container 5 in a threaded connection mode. A one-way oil pressure valve 41 is coaxially arranged in the center of the connecting piece 4, and the one-way oil pressure valve 41 is used for one-way conveying the hydraulic oil 2 in the hydraulic oil container 1 to the oil collecting container 5. The check hydraulic valve 41 is a spring-type check valve and can prevent the hydraulic oil 2 from flowing backward into the hydraulic oil container 1. One-wayDiameter D of the hydraulic valve 415Satisfies 0.1D4<D5<0.5D4. Length L of the one-way hydraulic valve 415Satisfy L5＝L4。
The oil collecting container 5 is a cylinder with one closed end and one open end, and the oil collecting container 5 is used for collecting the hydraulic oil 2 flowing out of the hydraulic oil container 1 after the explosion impact action. The oil receiving container 5 is made of high-strength alloy material, and the yield strength sigma of the oil receiving container 54And density ρ4Respectively satisfy sigma4>210MPa、ρ4>2.1g/cm3. Outer diameter D of oil receiving container 56Satisfies D6＝D1Inner diameter D of oil receiving container 57Satisfy D7＝D2. The thickness of the side wall and the bottom end of the oil receiving container 5 are both t2，t2Satisfy t2＝t1. Length L of oil receiving container 56Satisfy L6＝L1. One open end (left end) of the oil receiving container 5 is connected with the connecting piece external thread 42 through an oil receiving container internal thread 51, and the length l of the oil receiving container internal thread 514Satisfy l4＝l1. A vacuum-pumping and oil-discharging valve 52 is installed at the closed end (right end) of the oil-receiving container 5 for pumping vacuum and discharging the collected hydraulic oil 2. Diameter d of evacuation and drain valve 522Satisfies 0.005m<d2<0.05 m. Length L of evacuation and drain valve 527Satisfies 0.1L5<L7<0.3L5. Distance l between the evacuation and drain valve 52 and the central axis OO' of the oil receiving container 55Satisfies 0.1D6<l6<0.4D6。
As shown in fig. 1 and in conjunction with fig. 2, the driving slider 3 is located in the hydraulic oil container 1, and seals the left port of the hydraulic oil container 1 with the sealing ring 7 and the fixed cover plate 6. The driving slide 3 can slide in the hydraulic oil container 1, the driving slide 3 is made of high-strength alloy, and the yield strength sigma of the driving slide 32And density ρ2Satisfy respectively sigma2>210MPa、ρ2>2.1g/cm3. The driving slide block 3 is a solid cylinder, and the diameter D of the driving slide block 33Satisfies D3＝D2. Driving deviceLength L of movable slider 33Satisfies 0.05L1<L3<0.5L1. The right end of the driving sliding block 3 is in contact with the hydraulic oil 2, and the left end of the driving sliding block is close to the sealing ring 7 and the fixed cover plate 6. The center of the driving slider 3 (on the axis OO') is aligned with the explosion point 8, the shock wave generated after the explosion of the explosion point 8 acts on the driving slider 3, and the driving slider 3 applies pressure to the hydraulic oil 2 from left to right.
The fixed cover plate 6 is used for fixing the sealing ring 7 and the driving slider 3, thereby sealing the left end of the hydraulic oil container 1. The fixed cover plate 6 is a hollow cylinder with a left end closed and a right end opened, the fixed cover plate 6 is made of high-strength alloy material, and the yield strength sigma of the fixed cover plate 65And density ρ5Satisfy respectively sigma5>210MPa、ρ5>2.1g/cm3. Outer diameter D of the fixed cover plate 68Satisfies 0.054m<D8<0.504m, inner diameter D of the fixed cover 69Satisfies D9＝D1. Thickness t of side wall of fixed cover plate 63Satisfy t3＝D8-D9. The fixed cover plate 6 is connected with the hydraulic oil container external thread 13 on the outer side wall of the hydraulic oil container 1 through the cover plate internal thread 61 on the inner side wall, and the length l of the cover plate internal thread 616Satisfy l6＝l2. Length L of fixed cover plate8Satisfy L8＝t3+l6. And a sealing ring 7 is arranged at the joint of the fixed cover plate 6 and the hydraulic oil container 1, so that the left port of the hydraulic oil container 1 is sealed. The left end face of the fixed cover plate 6 is provided with a circular cover plate through hole 61, and the cover plate through hole 61 is coaxial with the OO'. Diameter D of cover plate through hole 6110Satisfies 0.5D3<D10<0.9D3. When the explosion shock wave is incident, the explosion shock wave directly contacts the driving slide block 3 through the cover plate through hole 61, so that the driving slide block 3 slides after obtaining kinetic energy.
The packing 7 is made of a rubber material and seals the hydraulic oil 2. The sealing ring 7 is a circular ring sheet, and the outer diameter D of the sealing ring 711Satisfies D11＝D9Inner diameter D of seal ring 712Satisfies D12＝D10. Thickness t of seal ring 74Satisfies 0.001m<t4<0.01m。
Fig. 3 is a left side view of the device of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, a circular cover plate through hole 61 is formed in the center of the fixed cover plate 6, and the driving slider 3 is located inside the cover plate through hole 61. The diameter of the driving slide block 3 is larger than that of the cover plate through hole 61, and before explosion impact, after the hydraulic oil 2 is injected into the hydraulic oil container 1, the driving slide block 3 slides to the port of the hydraulic oil container 1 and then is restrained by the fixed cover plate 6, and cannot slide out of the cover plate through hole 61. The sealing of the hydraulic oil 2 in the hydraulic oil container 1 is realized through the fixing function of the fixed cover plate 6 and the sealing function of the sealing ring 7 and the driving sliding block 3.
Fig. 4 is a top view of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, the oil feed valve 11 is located on the upper surface of the hydraulic oil container 1. One end of the hydraulic oil container 1 is connected with a fixed cover plate 6, and the other end is connected with an oil receiving container 5 through a connecting piece 4. The evacuation and drain valve 52 of the oil receiver 5 is located at the right closed end of the oil receiver 5.
Fig. 5 is an axial cross-sectional view of the invention after impact of an explosion. As shown in fig. 5, the position of the driving slider 3 is changed with respect to that before the explosion impact, and the hydraulic oil 2 is collected in the oil receiver 5. When the explosion point 8 explodes, the generated shock wave acts on the driving slide block 3, and the driving slide block 3 obtains kinetic energy and then applies pressure to the hydraulic oil 2 in the hydraulic oil container 1 from left to right. Because the one-way oil pressure valve 41 is arranged in the connecting piece 4 between the hydraulic oil container 1 and the oil collecting container 5, the one-way oil pressure valve 41 is opened after being pressurized, and part of the hydraulic oil 2 in the hydraulic oil container 1 enters the oil collecting container 5 from the one-way oil pressure valve 41. After the oil receiving container 5 is vacuumized by the vacuuming and oil discharging valve 52, the hydraulic oil 41 is conveyed in a one-way manner from left to right without flowing back. After the shock wave acts, the hydraulic oil 2 collected in the oil collecting container 5 is discharged through the vacuumizing and oil discharging valve 52, the volume of the discharged hydraulic oil 2 is measured to be delta V, and the shock wave energy E is obtained according to a corresponding relation E of the shock wave energy E and the volume delta V of the hydraulic oil 2, wherein the corresponding relation E is k and delta V.
The method for measuring the shock wave energy by adopting the passive measuring device of the shock wave energy of the one-way oil pressure valve comprises the following steps:
the first step is to drive the impact technology by gas (see: king gold and noble. gas gun principle)And technique [ M]National defense industry Press, 2001:40-54.) energy sensitivity coefficient k (in kg. m.) of a one-way oil pressure valve shock wave energy measuring device was calibrated2/(s2L)). In the calibration experiment, the position of the one-way oil pressure valve shock wave energy measuring device needs to be adjusted so that the trajectory is coaxial with the driving sliding block 3. The light gas gun system applies work to load the projectile through expansion of compressed gas, and the projectile vertically impacts the driving slide block 3 after obtaining initial speed. The slide block 3 is driven to obtain kinetic energy and then squeeze the hydraulic oil 2 in the hydraulic oil container 1, and the hydraulic oil 2 enters the oil receiving container 5 through the one-way oil pressure valve 41 in the connecting piece 4. The mass of the pill is m0The mass of the driving slider 3 is m1Measuring the initial velocity v of the projectile by using a laser velocimeter0. In the calibration experiment, the collision between the projectile and the driving slide block 3 is elastic collision, and the deformation energy of the projectile and the driving slide block 3 is ignored. Calculating the speed v of the driving slide 3 after collision according to the elastic collision formula1＝2m0v0/(m0+m1) The kinetic energy obtained by driving the slide 3 is E1＝m1v1 2And/2, measuring the volume of the hydraulic oil 2 collected by the oil collecting container 5 to be delta V. According to energy E1Corresponding relation E between the volume delta V of the hydraulic oil 21K · Δ V, the value of the energy sensitivity coefficient k is obtained.
Secondly, injecting hydraulic oil 2 into the hydraulic oil container 1 through the oil inlet valve 11, vacuumizing the oil receiving container 5 through the vacuumizing and oil discharging valve 52, and fixedly placing the one-way oil pressure valve shock wave energy passive measuring device in an explosion field through a bracket, wherein an axial cross section of the one-way oil pressure valve shock wave energy passive measuring device is shown in fig. 2.
Thirdly, the explosive explodes at the explosion point 8, the generated explosion air shock wave acts on the surface of the driving slide block 3, the driving slide block 3 slides after obtaining kinetic energy and extrudes the hydraulic oil 2 in the hydraulic oil container 1, the one-way oil pressure valve 41 in the connecting piece 4 is subjected to the pressure action of the hydraulic oil 2 to open the valve, the hydraulic oil 2 enters the oil receiving container 5 through the one-way oil pressure valve 41, and the axial cross-sectional view of the one-way oil pressure valve shock wave energy passive measuring device is shown in fig. 5.
And fourthly, after the explosion is finished, discharging the hydraulic oil 2 in the oil receiving container 5 through the vacuumizing and oil discharging valve 51, and measuring to obtain the volume delta V of the discharged hydraulic oil 2.
And fifthly, calculating the shock wave energy E according to a relation E of the shock wave energy and the volume of the hydraulic oil 2, wherein the relation E is k.DELTA.V.
The above embodiment is only one embodiment of the present invention. The specific structure and the size of the measuring device can be adjusted correspondingly according to actual needs (for example, the specification of the one-way oil pressure valve is changed to change the measuring range). It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present patent.
Claims (11)
1. A passive measuring device of shock wave energy based on a one-way oil pressure valve is characterized in that the passive measuring device of shock wave energy based on the one-way oil pressure valve is composed of a hydraulic oil container (1), hydraulic oil (2), a driving sliding block (3), a connecting piece (4), an oil receiving container (5), a fixed cover plate (6) and a sealing ring (7); defining one end close to an explosion point (8), namely an O end, as the left end of the shock wave energy passive measuring device based on the one-way oil pressure valve, and defining one end far away from the explosion point (8), namely an O' end, as the right end of the shock wave energy passive measuring device based on the one-way oil pressure valve; the fixed cover plate (6), the hydraulic oil container (1), the connecting piece (4) and the oil receiving container (5) are coaxially connected in a threaded connection mode from left to right; an oil inlet valve (11) for injecting hydraulic oil (2) is arranged on the pipe wall of the hydraulic oil container (1), and the driving sliding block (3) freely slides in the hydraulic oil container (1); a one-way oil pressure valve (41) is arranged at the center of the connecting piece (4) so that the hydraulic oil container (1) is communicated with the oil receiving container (5); one end, namely the right end, of the seal of the oil receiving container (5) is provided with a vacuumizing and oil discharging valve (52), and the bottom of the fixed cover plate (6) is provided with a cover plate through hole (61); a sealing ring (7) capable of sealing hydraulic oil is arranged between the hydraulic oil container (1) and the fixed cover plate (6), and then the hydraulic oil container (1) is connected with the fixed cover plate (6) in a threaded connection mode; after hydraulic oil (2) is injected into the hydraulic oil container (1), the sliding block (3) is driven to slide to one end, connected with the fixed cover plate (6), of the hydraulic oil container (1) and to contact with the sealing ring (7) so as to seal the left end of the hydraulic oil container (1);
the hydraulic oil container (1) is used for placing hydraulic oil (2) before explosion impact, and after explosion, the driving slide block (3) extrudes the hydraulic oil (2) in the hydraulic oil container (1) from left to right under the action of explosion impact waves; the hydraulic oil container (1) is a round pipe with openings at two ends, the left end opening is connected with the fixed cover plate (6) through threads, and the right end opening is connected with the connecting piece (4) through threads; the hydraulic oil container (1) is made of high-strength alloy material, and the outer diameter of the hydraulic oil container (1) is D1Inner diameter of D2(ii) a Side wall thickness t of hydraulic oil container (1)1＝D1-D2(ii) a The length of the hydraulic oil container (1) is L1(ii) a One end of the hydraulic oil container (1) connected with the connecting piece (4) is provided with a hydraulic oil container internal thread (12), and the length of the hydraulic oil container internal thread (12) is l1(ii) a One end of the hydraulic oil container (1) connected with the fixed cover plate (6) is provided with a hydraulic oil container external thread (13) used for connecting the fixed cover plate (6), and the length of the hydraulic oil container external thread (13) is l2(ii) a The pipe wall of the hydraulic oil container (1) is provided with a through hole, and an oil inlet valve (11) is arranged on the through hole;
the hydraulic oil (2) is used for absorbing shock wave energy; after explosion, the driving slide block (3) extrudes the hydraulic oil (2) in the hydraulic oil container (1) from left to right under the action of explosion shock waves, and the hydraulic oil (2) is extruded to flow, so that energy absorption and buffering are realized;
the connecting piece (4) is a cylinder, the connecting piece (4) is made of high-strength alloy, and the outer diameter of the connecting piece (4) is D4Length of L4(ii) a The outer surface of the connecting piece (4) is provided with a connecting piece external thread (42), and the connecting piece (4) connects the hydraulic oil container (1) with the oil receiving container (5) in a threaded connection mode; a one-way oil pressure valve (41) is coaxially arranged in the center of the connecting piece (4), and the one-way oil pressure valve (41) is used for conveying the hydraulic oil (2) in the hydraulic oil container (1) to the oil collecting container (5) in a one-way mode; the one-way oil pressure valve (41) is a spring type check valve and prevents the hydraulic oil (2) from flowing reversely to the hydraulic oil container (1);
the oil receiving container (5) is a cylinder with one closed end and one open end(5) The hydraulic oil collecting device is used for collecting hydraulic oil (2) flowing out of the hydraulic oil container (1) after the explosion impact action; the oil receiving container (5) is made of high-strength alloy material, and the outer diameter D of the oil receiving container (5)6Satisfy D6＝D1Inner diameter D of oil receiving container (5)7Satisfies D7＝D2(ii) a One open end, namely the left end, of the oil receiving container (5) is connected with the external thread (42) of the connecting piece through an internal thread (51) of the oil receiving container, and one closed end, namely the right end, of the oil receiving container (5) is provided with a vacuumizing and oil discharging valve (52) for vacuumizing and discharging collected hydraulic oil (2);
the driving sliding block (3) is positioned in the hydraulic oil container (1) and seals a left port of the hydraulic oil container (1) with the sealing ring (7) and the fixed cover plate (6); the driving slide block (3) is made of high-strength alloy, the driving slide block (3) is a solid cylinder, and the diameter D of the driving slide block (3)3Satisfies D3＝D2(ii) a The right end of the driving sliding block (3) is contacted with the hydraulic oil (2), and the left end of the driving sliding block is close to the sealing ring (7) and the fixed cover plate (6); the center of the driving sliding block (3) is aligned to the explosion point (8), shock waves generated after the explosion of the explosion point (8) act on the driving sliding block (3), and the driving sliding block (3) applies pressure to the hydraulic oil (2) from left to right;
the fixed cover plate (6) is used for fixing the sealing ring (7) and the driving slide block (3) so as to seal the left end of the hydraulic oil container (1); the fixed cover plate (6) is a hollow cylinder with a left end closed and a right end opened, the fixed cover plate (6) is made of high-strength alloy material, and the outer diameter of the fixed cover plate (6) is D8Inner diameter D of the fixed cover plate (6)9＝D1(ii) a Thickness t of side wall of fixed cover plate (6)3Satisfy t3＝D8-D9(ii) a The fixed cover plate (6) is connected with a hydraulic oil container external thread (13) on the outer side wall of the hydraulic oil container (1) through a cover plate internal thread (61) on the inner side wall, and a sealing ring (7) is placed at the joint of the fixed cover plate (6) and the hydraulic oil container (1), so that the left port of the hydraulic oil container (1) is sealed; a circular cover plate through hole (61) is formed in the left end face of the fixed cover plate (6), and the cover plate through hole (61) is coaxial with the OO'; when the explosion shock wave is incident, the explosion shock wave is directly contacted with the driving sliding block (3) through the cover plate through hole (61), so that the driving sliding block (3) slides after obtaining kinetic energy;
the sealing ring (7) is made of rubber materials and used for sealing the hydraulic oil (2); the sealing ring (7) is a circular ring sheet, and the outer diameter D of the sealing ring (7)11＝D9Inner diameter D of seal ring (7)12＝D10(ii) a Before explosion impact, after hydraulic oil (2) is injected into the hydraulic oil container (1), the driving sliding block (3) slides to be in contact with the sealing ring (7), the driving sliding block (3) is fixed at the left port of the hydraulic oil container (1), and sealing of the hydraulic oil (2) in the hydraulic oil container (1) is achieved through the fixing effect of the fixing cover plate (6) and the sealing effect of the sealing ring (7) and the driving sliding block (3).
2. The passive measuring device of shock wave energy based on one-way oil pressure valve as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the yield strength σ of the high-strength alloy material adopted by the hydraulic oil container (1) is1And density ρ1Satisfy respectively sigma1>210MPa、ρ1>2.1g/cm3(ii) a Outer diameter D of hydraulic oil container (1)1Satisfies 0.05m<D1<0.5m, the inner diameter of the hydraulic oil container (1) is D2Satisfies 0.6D1<D2<0.9D1(ii) a Length L of hydraulic oil container (1)1Satisfies 1.2D1<L1<2D1(ii) a Length l of internal thread (12) of hydraulic oil container1Satisfies 0.05L1<l1<0.2L1(ii) a Length l of external thread (13) of hydraulic oil container2Satisfies 0.06L1<l2<0.3L1(ii) a The oil inlet valve (11) is a cylinder, and the diameter d of the oil inlet valve (11)1Satisfies 0.005m<d1<0.05m, length L of the oil inlet valve (11)2Satisfies 0.1L1<L2<0.3L1(ii) a The distance l between the oil inlet valve (11) and the connecting port of the hydraulic oil container (1) and the connecting piece (4)3Satisfies 0.2L1<l3<0.8L1。
3. The passive measuring device of shock wave energy based on one-way oil pressure valve as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the hydraulic oil (2) is required to be rust-proof and oxidation-resistant, and is not easy to be oxidized and deteriorated under high temperature and high pressure conditions.
4. The passive measuring device of shock wave energy based on one-way oil pressure valve as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the yield strength σ of the high-strength alloy used for the connecting piece (4)3And density ρ3Respectively satisfy sigma3>210MPa、ρ3>2.1g/cm3(ii) a Outer diameter D of the connecting piece (4)4Satisfies D4＝D2(ii) a Length L of the connecting piece (4)4Satisfy 2l2<L4<4l2(ii) a The diameter D of the one-way oil pressure valve (41)5Satisfies 0.1D4<D5<0.5D4Length L of one-way hydraulic valve (41)5Satisfy L5＝L4。
5. The passive measuring device of shock wave energy based on one-way oil pressure valve as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the yield strength σ of the high-strength alloy material adopted by the oil collecting container (5)4And density ρ4Respectively satisfy sigma4>210MPa、ρ4>2.1g/cm3(ii) a The thickness of the side wall and the bottom end of the oil receiving container (5) is t2，t2Satisfy t2＝t1(ii) a Length L of oil receiving container (5)6Satisfy L6＝L1(ii) a Length l of internal thread (51) of oil receiving container4＝l1(ii) a Diameter d of the evacuation and drain valve (52)2Satisfies 0.005m<d2<0.05 m; length L of evacuation and drain valve (52)7Satisfies 0.1L5<L7<0.3L5(ii) a Distance l between the vacuum-pumping and oil-discharging valve (52) and the central axis OO' of the oil-receiving container (5)5Satisfies 0.1D6<l5<0.4D6。
6. The passive measuring device of shock wave energy based on one-way oil pressure valve as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the yield strength σ of the high-strength alloy used for the driving slider (3)2And density ρ2Satisfy respectively sigma2>210MPa、ρ2>2.1g/cm3(ii) a Length L of the driving slide (3)3Satisfies 0.05L1<L3<0.5L1。
7. The passive measuring device of shock wave energy based on one-way oil pressure valve as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the yield strength σ of the high-strength alloy adopted by the fixed cover plate (6) is5And density ρ5Satisfy respectively sigma5>210MPa、ρ5>2.1g/cm3(ii) a Outer diameter D of the fixed cover plate (6)8Satisfies 0.054m<D8<0.504m, inner diameter D of the fixed cover plate (6)9＝D1(ii) a Length l of cover plate internal thread (61)6Satisfy l6＝l2(ii) a Length L of fixed cover plate8＝t3+l6(ii) a Diameter D of cover plate through hole (61)10Satisfies 0.5D3<D10<0.9D3。
8. The passive measuring device of shock wave energy based on one-way oil pressure valve as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the thickness t of the sealing ring (7)4Satisfies 0.001m<t4<0.01m。
9. A method for measuring shock wave energy by using the passive measuring device for shock wave energy based on the one-way oil pressure valve as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, calibrating an energy sensitivity coefficient k of a one-way oil pressure valve shock wave energy measuring device by a gas drive impact technology; in a calibration experiment, the position of the one-way oil pressure valve shock wave energy measuring device needs to be adjusted to enable the trajectory to be coaxial with the driving sliding block (3); the light gas gun system loads the shot by expanding compressed gas to do work, and the shot vertically impacts a driving slide block (3) after obtaining initial speed; the driving slide block (3) extrudes the hydraulic oil (2) in the hydraulic oil container (1) after obtaining kinetic energy, and the hydraulic oil (2) enters the oil receiving container (5) through a one-way oil pressure valve (41) in the connecting piece (4); the mass of the pill is m0The mass of the driving slide block (3) is m1Measuring by using a laser velocimeter to obtain the projectileInitial velocity v of0(ii) a In a calibration experiment, the collision between the projectile and the driving slide block (3) is elastic collision, and the deformation energy of the projectile and the driving slide block (3) is ignored; calculating the speed v of the driving slide (3) after collision according to an elastic collision formula1＝2m0v0/(m0+m1) The kinetic energy obtained by driving the slide (3) is E1＝m1v1 2Measuring the volume of the hydraulic oil (2) collected by the oil collecting container (5) to be delta V; according to energy E1Corresponding relation E between the volume delta V of the hydraulic oil (2)1K · Δ V, thereby obtaining a value of the energy sensitivity coefficient k;
secondly, injecting hydraulic oil (2) into the hydraulic oil container (1) through the oil inlet valve (11), vacuumizing the oil receiving container (5) through the vacuumizing and oil discharging valve (52), and fixedly placing the unidirectional hydraulic valve shock wave energy passive measuring device in an explosion field through a support;
thirdly, the explosive explodes at an explosion point (8), the generated explosion air shock wave acts on the surface of the driving slide block (3), the driving slide block (3) slides after obtaining kinetic energy and extrudes the hydraulic oil (2) in the hydraulic oil container (1), a one-way oil pressure valve (41) in the connecting piece (4) opens after being acted by the pressure of the hydraulic oil (2), and the hydraulic oil (2) enters the oil receiving container (5) through the one-way oil pressure valve (41);
fourthly, after the explosion is finished, discharging the hydraulic oil (2) in the oil receiving container (5) through a vacuumizing and oil discharging valve 51, and measuring to obtain the volume delta V of the discharged hydraulic oil (2);
and fifthly, calculating the shock wave energy E according to a relation E of the shock wave energy and the volume of the hydraulic oil (2), wherein the relation E is k.DELTA.V.
10. The method for measuring shock wave energy by using the passive measuring device of shock wave energy based on the one-way oil hydraulic valve as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that when calibrating the energy sensitivity coefficient k of the shock wave energy measuring device of the one-way oil hydraulic valve in the first step, the position of the shock wave energy measuring device of the one-way oil hydraulic valve needs to be adjusted so that the trajectory is coaxial with the driving slider (3).
11. The method for measuring the shock wave energy by using the shock wave energy passive measuring device based on the one-way oil pressure valve as claimed in claim 9, wherein the specific method for calibrating the energy sensitivity coefficient k of the shock wave energy measuring device based on the one-way oil pressure valve in the first step is as follows: the light gas gun system loads the shot by expanding compressed gas to do work, and the shot vertically impacts a driving slide block (3) after obtaining initial speed; the driving slide block (3) extrudes the hydraulic oil (2) in the hydraulic oil container (1) after obtaining kinetic energy, and the hydraulic oil (2) enters the oil receiving container (5) through a one-way oil pressure valve (41) in the connecting piece (4); the mass of the pill is m0The mass of the driving slide block (3) is m1Measuring the initial velocity v of the projectile by using a laser velocimeter0(ii) a In a calibration experiment, the collision between the projectile and the driving slide block (3) is elastic collision, and the deformation energy of the projectile and the driving slide block (3) is ignored; calculating the speed v of the driving slide (3) after collision according to an elastic collision formula1＝2m0v0/(m0+m1) The kinetic energy obtained by driving the slide (3) is E1＝m1v1 2Measuring the volume of the hydraulic oil (2) collected by the oil collecting container (5) to be delta V; according to energy E1Corresponding relation E between the volume delta V of the hydraulic oil (2)1The value of the energy sensitivity coefficient k is obtained as k · Δ V.
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