CN114717703A - Magnetic particle elastic linear material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Magnetic particle elastic linear material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114717703A CN114717703A CN202110004588.8A CN202110004588A CN114717703A CN 114717703 A CN114717703 A CN 114717703A CN 202110004588 A CN202110004588 A CN 202110004588A CN 114717703 A CN114717703 A CN 114717703A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
- D02G3/32—Elastic yarns or threads ; Production of plied or cored yarns, one of which is elastic
- D02G3/328—Elastic yarns or threads ; Production of plied or cored yarns, one of which is elastic containing elastane
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K35/00—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit
- H02K35/02—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit with moving magnets and stationary coil systems
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/20—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres
- D10B2201/22—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres made from cellulose solutions
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/10—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyurethanes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a magnetic particle elastic linear material and a preparation method and application thereof. And compounding the magnetic particle material with the elastic matrix to obtain the magnetic particle elastic linear material. The electric conductor and the magnetic induction lines of the magnetic particle body elastic linear material are arranged in an intersecting manner, and the magnetic particle material is driven to move by utilizing the stretching or the compression of the magnetic particle body elastic linear material, so that the magnetic induction lines of the magnetic particle material are displaced, and the electric conductor are moved to cut the magnetic induction lines to generate electromotive force. Therefore, self-powered electromagnetic sensing can be realized, and the application scene is small in limitation. When the elastic linear material of the magnetic particle body is elastic magnetic particle yarn, wire or rope, the material can be used for preparing wearable self-powered electromagnetic sensing fabric, the detection of the stress condition of the fabric is realized through electromagnetic sensing, and the deformation of the fabric can be utilized to generate electric energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of functional materials and textile processing, in particular to a magnetic particle elastic linear material, a preparation method and application thereof, and specifically relates to a self-powered magnetic particle elastic linear material, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in the field of self-powered electromagnetic sensing.
Background
Present intelligence wearing system needs a large amount of sensors in order to detect a series of physiological states such as human motion, health, simultaneously along with the increase of sensor quantity, and energy supply continuation of journey problem becomes a big obstacle that hinders intelligent wearing development. Under the current situation that the energy storage battery has no breakthrough development, self-energy supply becomes a new opportunity for promoting the rapid development of intelligent sensors and small electronic equipment. Electrical energy may be generated by harvesting energy from the environment. The prior art has devised various techniques for harvesting energy from different sources, such as solar, wind, and human kinetic energy. Among them, the collection of mechanical energy from the surrounding environment, such as mechanical vibration, human body movement, wind, etc., has attracted great interest. Since mechanical energy exists in a variety of environments and can be efficiently collected by conventional electromagnetic generators.
Self-powered sensor energy supply methods are currently known to be mainly divided into: piezoelectric effect, magnetostrictive effect, triboelectric generation effect, pyroelectric effect, electrostatic effect, photoelectric effect, and the like. Electromagnetic induction is the mainstream choice of self-powered sensors at present due to its relatively high power output and simple and stable power supply mode. By utilizing the electromagnetic induction phenomenon, the electric signals can be generated by the relative movement of the conductor in the closed coil and the magnetic field or the change of the magnetic field in the closed circuit, and the electric signals are matched with the outside to achieve the self-powered sensing effect. The textile processing technology is combined with the clothing wearing, so that magnetic sensing yarns, threads and fabric materials are efficiently produced, and the production method of the intelligent wearing sensor meeting stable sensing is formed.
Patent CN202010303366.1 discloses a swinging electromagnetic induction type power generation flexible fabric, and a production method and application thereof, wherein the fabric comprises a magnetic particle yarn fabric and a conductive coil fabric which are respectively positioned on the surfaces of two opposite swinging parts. By utilizing the electromagnetic induction effect of the conductive coil cutting magnetic granular yarns when the human body swings arms/walks, mechanical energy generated in the swinging/walking process of the human body is converted into electric energy, and the softness of clothes is ensured while power generation is realized. However, the sensing part of the electromagnetic induction type power generation flexible fabric is only limited to the arm or the leg of the user, and the self-powered electromagnetic sensing of other parts cannot be satisfied. Meanwhile, magnetic powder of the yarn for the magnetic fabric is uniformly distributed in the yarn body, and the yarn body does not have high elastic capacity, so that when the yarn in the patent is used for stretching deformation power generation, the magnetic flux change of elastic stretching of the yarn body is small, and an electromagnetic induction signal is weak.
In view of the above, there is a need to design an improved magnetic particle elastic linear material to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a magnetic particle elastic linear material and a preparation method and application thereof. And compounding the magnetic particle material with the elastic matrix to obtain the magnetic particle elastic linear material. When the magnetic particle elastic linear material is stretched or compressed, the magnetic particle material is driven to move, so that the magnetic induction lines of the magnetic particle material are displaced, and the electric conductors and the magnetic induction lines are cut to generate electromotive force. Therefore, self-powered electromagnetic sensing can be realized, and the application scene is small in limitation.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a magnetic particle elastic linear material, which comprises an elastic matrix and a magnetic particle material loaded on the elastic matrix, wherein when the magnetic particle elastic linear material is stretched or compressed, the magnetic induction line of the magnetic particle material is displaced.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the method for using the magnetic particle body elastic linear material comprises: the electric conductor is arranged to intersect with the magnetic induction lines of the magnetic particle body elastic linear material, and the electric conductor is cut relative to the magnetic induction lines of the magnetic particle body elastic linear material by stretching or compressing the magnetic particle body elastic linear material, so that electromotive force is generated.
In a further improvement of the present invention, the magnetic particle body elastic threadlike material is an elastic magnetic particle yarn or an elastic magnetic particle thread or an elastic magnetic particle string composed of an elastic magnetic particle yarn.
As a further improvement of the invention, the elastic magnetic particle yarn is elastic magnetic particle slub yarn or elastic magnetic particle big-belly yarn.
The preparation method of the elastic magnetic particle yarn comprises the following steps: and cutting the elastic matrix into elastic strips with preset widths, wrapping the magnetic particle material in the elastic strips, and then folding and twisting to obtain the magnetic particle material.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the material of the elastic matrix includes, but is not limited to, one or more of polyurethane, polyamide, polyolefin, polysiloxane, cellulose, chitosan, sodium alginate; the magnetic particle material includes, but is not limited to, one or more of superparamagnetic particles, paramagnetic particles, or ferromagnetic particles.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the magnetic particle material includes but is not limited to one or more of neodymium iron boron alloy, samarium cobalt alloy, iron, cobalt, nickel, ferroferric oxide, iron sesquioxide, nickel cobalt alloy, and iron cobalt alloy; the particle size of the magnetic particle material is 0.05-500 mu m.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the magnetic particle elastic linear material, which comprises the following steps:
s1, cutting an elastic film or fabric into elastic strips with preset widths, feeding magnetic particle materials to the surfaces of the elastic strips, and folding the strips in half to wrap the magnetic particle materials in the strips to form wound strips;
s2, feeding the wound strip into a front roller of a roving frame for twisting to obtain the elastic magnetic particle yarn.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the preparation method further comprises: and weaving the elastic magnetic particle yarn obtained in the step S2 to obtain an elastic magnetic particle wire or an elastic magnetic particle rope.
The invention also provides application of the elastic magnetic particle body linear material, and the elastic magnetic particle yarn or the elastic magnetic particle wire or the elastic magnetic particle rope is used in the field of self-energy supply and/or electromagnetic sensing.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the magnetic particle body elastic linear material is used for preparing a wearable self-energized electromagnetic sensing fabric, and the wearable self-energized electromagnetic sensing fabric further comprises an electric conductor arranged to intersect with the magnetic induction lines of the magnetic particle body elastic linear material, so as to realize the cutting motion of the electric conductor relative to the magnetic induction lines of the magnetic particle body elastic linear material through the stretching or the compression of the magnetic particle body elastic linear material, so as to generate a self-energized electromotive force.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the magnetic particle elastic linear material provided by the invention, the magnetic particle material and the elastic matrix are compounded into a whole, and the magnetic particle elastic linear material is easy to stretch or compress and deform by utilizing the elasticity of the elastic material and the magnetism of the magnetic particle material, and can drive the magnetic particle material to displace, so that the magnetic field and the magnetic induction line of the magnetic particle material displace. By utilizing the phenomenon, the magnetic particle material can be widely applied to the fields of magnetic sensing, self-power supply and the like. Compared with the prior art, the electromotive force is generated by cutting the magnetic induction line by utilizing the motion of the electric conductor, and the application scene is more flexible and wide.
2. According to the magnetic particle elastic linear material provided by the invention, the magnetic induction lines of the electric conductor and the magnetic particle elastic linear material are arranged in an intersecting manner, and the magnetic induction lines of the magnetic particle material are driven to move in a displacement manner by stretching or compressing the magnetic particle elastic linear material, namely, the electric conductor performs cutting movement relative to the magnetic induction lines of the magnetic particle elastic linear material, so that electromotive force is generated, and the purpose of converting mechanical energy into electric energy is realized. The conductive coil is wound on the surface of the elastic magnetic granular yarn, and regular voltage signals can be generated in an oscilloscope by stretching the elastic magnetic granular yarn, so that the sensing detection of the motion form change is achieved. Compared with the method of cutting the magnetic induction lines by the movement of the electric conductor to generate electromotive force, the method of generating the movement of the magnetic induction lines by the self deformation of the elastic linear material of the magnetic particle body is more convenient and flexible.
3. The magnetic particle elastic linear material provided by the invention is designed based on the electromagnetic induction principle, and can achieve the self-energy supply effect. When the magnetic particle body elastic linear material is elastic magnetic particle yarn, elastic magnetic particle line or elastic magnetic particle rope, the preparation of wearable self-powered electromagnetic sensing fabric can be realized, the detection of the stress condition of the fabric is realized through electromagnetic sensing, and the deformation of the fabric can be utilized to generate electric energy. An effective way is provided for the preparation of the self-powered electromagnetic sensing fabric.
4. The magnetic particle elastic linear material provided by the invention is obtained by cutting an elastic matrix into an elastic strip with a preset width, wrapping a magnetic particle material in the elastic strip, and then folding and twisting. The method has the characteristics of flexibility, high resilience, short process flow and high production efficiency, can obviously improve the loading capacity of the magnetic particle material, and is tight in wrapping and not easy to lose. The raw materials used by the invention are all industrialized materials, and have low price and low cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of elastic magnetic particle yarn, elastic magnetic particle thread and elastic magnetic particle rope prepared by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the self-powered electromagnetic induction detection of the ferromagnetic granular yarn in fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an elastic magnetic particle slub yarn, an elastic magnetic particle slub yarn or an elastic magnetic particle slub rope according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the self-powered electromagnetic induction detection of the elastic magnetic particle slub yarn in fig. 3.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a manufacturing process of the elastic magnetic particle bunchy yarn, the elastic magnetic particle bunchy yarn or the elastic magnetic particle bunchy rope provided by the invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the feeding part mechanism of the roving frame in FIG. 5.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a portion of the magnetic material fed into the elastic base of FIG. 5.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a mold mechanism with magnetic powder inside in fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is a partially enlarged structural view of the mold with magnetic powder inside in fig. 8.
Fig. 10 is an optical microscopic view of the elastic magnetic particle yarn, the elastic magnetic particle thread or the elastic magnetic particle rope prepared in example 1.
FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a process for preparing an elastic linear material of a magnetic particle body according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the structures and/or processing steps closely related to the scheme of the present invention are shown in the specific embodiments, and other details not closely related to the present invention are omitted.
In addition, it should be further noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention provides a magnetic particle elastic linear material which comprises an elastic matrix and a magnetic particle material loaded on the elastic matrix, wherein the magnetic particle material is used for stretching or compressing the magnetic particle elastic linear material so as to enable the magnetic induction lines of the magnetic particle material to generate displacement change. The magnetic particle material and the elastic matrix are compounded into a whole, and the elasticity of the elastic material and the magnetism of the magnetic particle material are utilized, so that the elastic linear material of the magnetic particle body is easy to stretch or compress and deform, the magnetic particle material can be driven to displace, and the magnetic field and the magnetic induction lines of the magnetic particle material are further enabled to displace. By utilizing the phenomenon, the magnetic particle material can be widely applied to the fields of magnetic sensing, self-power supply and the like. Compared with the prior art, the electromotive force is generated by cutting the magnetic induction line by utilizing the motion of the electric conductor, and the application scene is more flexible and wide.
The elastic matrix comprises but is not limited to one or more of polyurethane, polyamide, polyolefin, polysiloxane, cellulose, chitosan and sodium alginate; the magnetic particle material includes, but is not limited to, one or more of superparamagnetic particles, paramagnetic particles, or ferromagnetic particles.
Preferably, the magnetic particle material includes but is not limited to one or more of neodymium iron boron alloy, samarium cobalt alloy, iron, cobalt, nickel, ferroferric oxide, ferric oxide, nickel cobalt alloy, and iron cobalt alloy; the particle size of the magnetic particle material is 0.05-500 mu m. The content of the magnetic particle material is 10-90% of the total mass of the elastic matrix and the magnetic particle material.
Referring to fig. 1, the elastic threadlike material of the magnetic particle body is an elastic magnetic particle yarn, an elastic magnetic particle thread or an elastic magnetic particle rope. The fineness range of the elastic magnetic particle yarn is 30-3000 tex. The single-strand elastic magnetic particle yarn is subjected to processes of double twisting, plying and the like to prepare double-strand or three-strand double-twisted elastic magnetic particle yarn. The elastic magnetic particle rope can be obtained by weaving a plurality of strands of elastic magnetic particle wires, and each strand of yarn is prepared by plying a plurality of single yarns or weaving one single yarn as one strand of yarn.
Referring to fig. 3, the elastic magnetic particle yarn is preferably an elastic magnetic particle slub yarn. The characteristics of slub yarn interval slub are utilized, so that the magnetic field intensity is distributed in a diversified manner, the diversification of the elastic magnetic material can be realized, and the application scene is enlarged.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, one method of using the magnetic particle elastic linear material is as follows: the conductor and the magnetic induction lines of the magnetic particle body elastic linear material are arranged in an intersecting manner (preferably in a vertical manner), and the magnetic induction lines of the magnetic particle material are driven to move in a displacement manner by stretching or compressing the magnetic particle body elastic linear material, namely the conductor is cut relative to the magnetic induction lines of the magnetic particle body elastic linear material, so that electromotive force is generated, and the purpose of converting mechanical energy into electric energy is realized. The conductive coil is wound on the surface of the elastic magnetic granular yarn, and regular voltage signals can be generated in an oscilloscope by stretching the elastic magnetic granular yarn, so that the sensing detection of the motion form change is achieved.
Referring to fig. 5 to 9, a method for preparing the elastic magnetic particle yarn includes:
s1, cutting an elastic film or fabric into elastic strips with preset width, feeding a magnetic particle material into the surfaces of the elastic strips, and then folding the strips in half to wrap the magnetic particle material in the strips to form wound strips;
s2, feeding the wound strip into a front roller of a roving machine for twisting to obtain the magnetic particle elastic linear material.
The outsourcing elastic strip and the magnetic particle material are firmly wrapped and combined through the functions of drawing, unwinding, twisting and winding to form the composite yarn.
The preparation method further comprises the following steps: and weaving the magnetic particle body elastic linear material obtained in the step S2 to obtain elastic magnetic particle wires or elastic magnetic particle ropes.
Specifically, taking a polyurethane (TPU) film as an example, one preparation method of the elastic magnetic granular yarn is as follows:
(1) cutting a semitransparent TPU film with the thickness of 0.02mm into strips with the width of 25mm, and feeding micron-sized magnetic powder into a groove type 3D printing die with a fixed volume;
(2) the mould filled with the magnetic powder is reversely buckled on the TPU film to achieve the aim of uniformly and quantitatively feeding the magnetic powder material, and then the TPU film is folded in half to wrap the magnetic particles and form a new package;
(4) feeding the TPU strip roll wrapped with the magnetic powder into a front roller of a roving frame to be twisted into yarn, wherein the rotating speed of the roving frame is 300r/min, the twist is set to be 49T/m, and the polyurethane magnetic particle yarn with the fineness of 30-3000 tex is obtained.
Referring to fig. 7 to 9, the magnetic powder is filled in the groove of the mold and laid on the electrostatic spinning film for coating and twisting, so as to achieve the uniform and quantitative effect; the change of the mass fraction of the magnetic powder can be adjusted through different depths of the groove. For example, the magnetic powder with the content of 0.5g, 1g, 1.5g and the like can be uniformly fed into each 10cm of single yarn through the groove. The same is true for both continuous and discontinuous (slub) yarns, since all are based on a single base unit.
The invention also provides an application of the magnetic particle elastic linear material, and the magnetic particle elastic linear material is used in the field of self-energy supply and/or electromagnetic sensing. The elastic deformation of the magnetic particle elastic linear material is utilized, so that the magnetic field changes, the magnetic induction line moves in a displacement mode, and the deformation state of the magnetic particle elastic linear material can be detected by detecting electromagnetic signals. When the magnetic induction lines are in displacement motion, the electric conductors which are intersected with the magnetic induction lines are utilized to cut the magnetic induction lines to generate electromotive force, and the purpose of converting mechanical energy into electric energy is achieved. Therefore, self-powered electromagnetic sensing can be realized, and the application scene limitation is small.
The wearable self-powered electromagnetic sensing fabric further comprises an electric conductor which is arranged in a way that the magnetic sensing lines of the magnetic particle body elastic linear material are intersected, and the electric conductor is used for being stretched or compressed and deformed so as to enable the electric conductor to generate cutting motion relative to the magnetic sensing lines of the magnetic particle body elastic linear material and generate self-powered electromotive force. When the elastic linear material of the magnetic particle body is elastic magnetic particle yarn, wire or rope, the material can be used for preparing wearable self-powered electromagnetic sensing fabric, the detection of the stress condition of the fabric is realized through electromagnetic sensing, and the deformation of the fabric can be utilized to generate electric energy.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 11, a process for preparing the magnetic particle elastic linear material includes the following steps:
step 101, the preparation of elastic nonwoven strips (films).
The surface material of the industrial production such as elastic non-woven fabric (film) is cut into elastic strips with linear density of 5-1000 g/kilometer by a cutting machine, and each strip is respectively wound on a bobbin to form an elastic strip bobbin package.
Step 102, wrapping magnetic particles in an elastic non-woven fabric strip (film) to prepare a magnetic material pre-wrapping assembly.
Specifically, the micro-nano magnetic particle materials with the particle size range of 0.05-500 microns are placed into the elastic non-woven fabric strips (films) cut by the cutting machine provided in the step 101, and the micro-nano magnetic particle materials are molded in the content range of 10-90% of the mass percentage of the micro-nano magnetic particle materials in the pre-packaged aggregate.
And (3) putting the elastic non-woven fabric strip (film) obtained after cutting into a belt feeding groove, folding the elastic non-woven fabric strip (film) along the center after entering the belt feeding groove, placing magnetic particle materials into the strip to form a magnetic material pre-packaged aggregate with a specific mass fraction inside, and winding the composite pre-packaged aggregate on a bobbin to form a composite fiber strip bobbin package.
And 103, preparing the magnetic material pre-coated aggregate prepared in the step 102 into self-energized electromagnetic sensing magnetic powder yarn. The method specifically comprises the steps of drawing and backing-off, twisting and winding, so that the elastic non-woven fabric fiber material and the magnetic particle material are wrapped and combined stably to form the composite yarn bobbin package.
Specifically, after the bobbin winder for the magnetic material pre-wrapped assembly is mounted on a roving frame, the magnetic material pre-wrapped assembly unwound from the bobbin package respectively passes through a front roller of the roving frame, is output from a jaw of the front roller, is twisted by the rotation of a flyer of the roving frame, an outer layer elastic non-woven fabric strip (film) tightly wraps magnetic particle materials under the twisting action, the flyer rotates at the rotating speed of 100-800 r/min, is uniformly fed to a top hole of a rotating flyer under the drawing action, passes through a side hole, passes through a hollow arm, a presser bar and a presser blade, and is finally wound on the bobbin of the roving frame to form the magnetic powder yarn of the elastic self-powered electromagnetic sensor, as shown in fig. 1.
Step 1041, performing post-processing with the self-energized electromagnetic sensing magnetic powder yarn prepared in step 103 as a basic unit. Preferably, the method comprises the steps of twisting, plying and the like of the magnetic powder yarn of the self-energized electromagnetic sensor to prepare the elastic magnetic powder yarn of the self-energized electromagnetic sensor, as shown in fig. 1.
And 1042, performing post-processing by taking the self-energized electromagnetic sensing magnetic powder yarn prepared in the step 103 as a basic unit. Preferably, the method comprises the steps of twisting magnetic powder yarn of self-energized electromagnetic sensing on a ring twisting frame to form elastic magnetic force lines; the magnetic powder yarn of the self-energized electromagnetic sensor is braided on a rope knitting machine to form an elastic magnetic rope, as shown in fig. 1.
And 105, magnetizing the magnetic powder yarn, the thread and the rope of the elastic self-powered electromagnetic sensor in the steps 103, 1041 and 1042. Preferably, the magnetizing direction is the axial direction of the magnetic powder yarn, the thread and the rope of the self-energized electromagnetic sensor, and the magnetizing voltage reaches 1900V.
Self-powered electromagnetic induction testing of the elastomeric self-energizing electromagnetic sensing magnetic powder yarn, thread and rope prepared in this example is shown in fig. 2. The conductive coil is wound on the surface of the elastic magnetic granular yarn, and regular voltage signals can be generated in an oscilloscope through stretching, so that the sensing detection of the motion form change is achieved.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 5 to 9, an elastic magnetic particle slub yarn is prepared by the following steps:
(1) cutting a semitransparent TPU film with the thickness of 0.02mm into strips with the width of 25mm, and feeding micron-sized magnetic powder into a groove type 3D printing die with a fixed volume;
(2) the mould filled with the magnetic powder is reversely buckled on the TPU film to achieve the aim of uniformly and quantitatively feeding the magnetic powder material, and then the TPU film is folded in half to wrap the magnetic particles and form a new package;
(4) feeding the TPU strip roll wrapped with the magnetic powder into a front roller of a roving frame to be twisted into yarn, wherein the rotating speed of the roving frame is 300r/min, the twist is set to be 49T/m, and the polyurethane magnetic particle yarn with the fineness of 30-3000 tex is obtained.
And (3) plying, twisting or weaving the polyurethane magnetic particle yarns to obtain a plurality of strands of polyurethane magnetic particle yarns or ropes.
And magnetizing the elastic self-energized electromagnetic sensing polyurethane magnetic particle yarns, threads and ropes. The magnetizing direction is the axial direction of magnetic powder yarn, thread and rope of self-energized electromagnetic sensing, and the magnetizing voltage reaches 1900V.
Three strands of continuous polyurethane magnetic particle conventional yarns with the thickness of 4mm and three strands of polyurethane magnetic particle slub yarns with the thickness of 4mm are prepared by the method of example 2, and the induced electromotive force of the yarns is tested by the device shown in figures 2 and 4. The test conditions were: the length of the polyurethane magnetic particle conventional yarn and the length of the polyurethane magnetic particle slub yarn are 6cm, and the size of the wound conductive coil is 0.3mm and 15 turns. Six groups were tested per sample and averaged. The mass of the magnetic powder in tables 1 and 2 was 50% of the total mass of the polyurethane magnetic particle yarn. In tables 3 and 4, the cutting speed between the magnetic induction lines of the outer-covered spiral coil and the elastic magnetic granular yarn was 50mm/s in the tensile test. (the invention realizes the regulation and control of the cutting speed between the magnetic induction lines of the externally-wrapped spiral coil and the elastic magnetic particle yarn by adjusting the stretching and compressing speeds of the continuous polyurethane magnetic particle conventional yarn or the three-ply polyurethane magnetic particle slub yarn.)
TABLE 1 induced EMF of conventional yarns of polyurethane magnetic particles at different cutting speeds
TABLE 2 induced EMF of polyurethane magnetic particle slub yarn at different cutting speeds
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the induced electromotive forces of the polyurethane magnetic particle regular yarn and the polyurethane magnetic particle slub yarn are gradually increased as the magnetically induced linear cutting speed is increased. And the induced electromotive force of the polyurethane magnetic particle slub yarn is larger than that of the conventional polyurethane magnetic particle yarn. The electromagnetic induction effect of the polyurethane magnetic particle slub yarn is better, the characteristics of the interval slub yarn are utilized, the magnetic field intensity can be distributed in a diversified mode, the diversification of elastic magnetic materials can be realized, and the application scene is enlarged.
TABLE 3 induced electromotive force of conventional yarn of polyurethane magnetic particles with different magnetic powder contents
TABLE 4 induced electromotive force of polyurethane magnetic particle slub yarn with different magnetic powder content
As can be seen from tables 3 and 4, the induced electromotive forces of the polyurethane magnetic particle conventional yarn and the polyurethane magnetic particle slub yarn are gradually increased with the increase of the content of the magnetic particle powder. And when the content is lower than 30%, the induced electromotive force of the polyurethane magnetic particle conventional yarn is larger, and when the content is higher than 30%, the induced electromotive force of the polyurethane magnetic particle slub yarn is larger. Therefore, in actual use, the elastic magnetic particle yarns with different structures can be adopted according to requirements.
In summary, the magnetic particle elastic linear material provided by the invention combines the magnetic particle material and the elastic matrix into a whole, and the elasticity of the elastic material and the magnetism of the magnetic particle material are utilized to enable the magnetic particle elastic linear material to be easily stretched or compressed and deformed, and to drive the magnetic particle material to displace, so that the magnetic field and the magnetic induction lines of the magnetic particle material are displaced, and the magnetic particle elastic linear material and the electric conductor are subjected to the movement of cutting the magnetic induction lines to generate electromotive force. Therefore, self-powered electromagnetic sensing can be realized, and the application scene limitation is small. When the elastic linear material of the magnetic particle body is elastic magnetic particle yarn, wire or rope, the material can be used for preparing wearable self-powered electromagnetic sensing fabric, the detection of the stress condition of the fabric is realized through electromagnetic sensing, and the deformation of the fabric can be utilized to generate electric energy.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A magnetic particle elastic linear material is characterized by comprising an elastic matrix and a magnetic particle material loaded on the elastic matrix, wherein when the magnetic particle elastic linear material is stretched or compressed, the magnetic induction line of the magnetic particle material generates displacement change.
2. The magnetic particle elastic linear material according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic particle elastic linear material is used by: the electric conductor is arranged to intersect with the magnetic induction lines of the magnetic particle body elastic linear material, and the electric conductor is cut relative to the magnetic induction lines of the magnetic particle body elastic linear material by stretching or compressing the magnetic particle body elastic linear material, so that electromotive force is generated.
3. The magnetic particle body elastic thread-like material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the magnetic particle body elastic thread-like material is an elastic magnetic particle yarn or an elastic magnetic particle thread composed of an elastic magnetic particle yarn or an elastic magnetic particle string composed of an elastic magnetic particle yarn.
4. The magnetic particle body elastic threadlike material according to claim 3, wherein the elastic magnetic particle yarn is an elastic magnetic particle slub yarn or an elastic magnetic particle girth yarn.
5. The magnetic particle elastic wire-like material according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the material of the elastic matrix includes but is not limited to one or more of polyurethane, polyamide, polyolefin, polysiloxane, cellulose, chitosan, sodium alginate; the magnetic particle material includes, but is not limited to, one or more of superparamagnetic particles, paramagnetic particles, or ferromagnetic particles.
6. The magnetic particle body elastic wire-like material according to claim 5, wherein the magnetic particle material includes but is not limited to one or more of neodymium iron boron alloy, samarium cobalt alloy, iron, cobalt, nickel, triiron tetroxide, iron sesquioxide, nickel cobalt alloy, iron cobalt alloy; the particle size of the magnetic particle material is 0.05-500 mu m.
7. A method for preparing a magnetic particle body elastic wire-like material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
s1, cutting an elastic film or fabric into elastic strips with preset widths, feeding magnetic particle materials to the surfaces of the elastic strips, and folding the strips in half to wrap the magnetic particle materials in the strips to form wound strips;
s2, feeding the wound strip into a front roller of a roving frame for twisting to obtain the magnetic particle elastic yarn.
8. The method of preparing a magnetic particle body elastic wire-like material according to claim 7, wherein the method further comprises: and weaving the magnetic particle body elastic yarn obtained in the step S2 to obtain elastic magnetic particle wires or elastic magnetic particle ropes.
9. The application of the magnetic particle elastic linear material is characterized in that the magnetic particle elastic linear material is used in the fields of self-energy supply and electromagnetic sensing.
10. The use of a magnetic particle body elastic wire-like material according to claim 9, wherein the magnetic particle body elastic wire-like material is used for preparing a wearable self-energized electromagnetic sensing fabric, and the wearable self-energized electromagnetic sensing fabric further comprises an electrical conductor disposed to intersect with the magnetic induction lines of the magnetic particle body elastic wire-like material, so that the electrical conductor is subjected to a cutting motion relative to the magnetic induction lines of the magnetic particle body elastic wire-like material by stretching or compressing the magnetic particle body elastic wire-like material, thereby generating a self-energized electromotive force.
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