CN114717433B - Samarium-zinc alloy, production method thereof and use of niobium-containing container - Google Patents
Samarium-zinc alloy, production method thereof and use of niobium-containing container Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
- B22C9/24—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings for hollow articles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C28/00—Alloys based on a metal not provided for in groups C22C5/00 - C22C27/00
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Abstract
The application discloses a samarium-zinc alloy, a production method thereof and application of a niobium-containing container. The production method of the samarium-zinc alloy comprises the following steps: smelting a metal raw material in a niobium-containing container, and refining to obtain an alloy intermediate; casting the alloy intermediate to obtain samarium-zinc alloy; the metal raw material consists of samarium metal and zinc metal, and the contact part of the niobium-containing container and the metal raw material is formed by niobium. The preparation method can reduce the deviation between the content of samarium element in the samarium-zinc alloy and the weight percentage of the metal samarium in the metal raw material.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a samarium-zinc alloy and a production method thereof, and also relates to an application of a niobium-containing container.
Background
The corrosion protection of steel materials and components thereof is a great concern for users. If the corrosion prevention process is not in place, a large amount of steel materials or components thereof lose use value, and a large amount of capital loss is caused. The technology for improving the corrosion resistance of steel materials is various, and comprises a thermal spraying technology, an electroplating technology, a hot dip plating technology, an electroless plating technology, a film conversion technology and the like. By these techniques, a corrosion-resistant layer can be formed on the surface of steel, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of steel. Research shows that the rare earth-zinc coating is formed on the surface of the steel product by hot dip plating technology, so that the corrosion resistance of steel preparation can be effectively improved. However, the melting point of the rare earth metal is far higher than that of zinc, the rare earth metal has strong activity and is easy to oxidize in smelting, so that the components of the rare earth-zinc alloy are difficult to control accurately, and more impurities are easy to be introduced into the rare earth-zinc alloy.
CN1405342a discloses a process for preparing special alloy, which comprises adopting a common crucible electric furnace to perform normal pressure smelting on zinc, adopting a thermocouple to control temperature, firstly melting zinc, adding a proper amount of chloride covering agent, then adding industrial pure iron, adding a proper amount of refining agent to refine after the iron is completely melted, adding mixed rare earth, and then casting alloy ingots. The method has complex process, and the obtained alloy contains a certain content of iron.
CN1105709a discloses a production process of rare earth zinc-copper alloy, which comprises the following steps: (1) Melting electrolytic copper in a furnace, raising the furnace temperature to 1084-1200 ℃, adding electrolytic zinc, stirring, deslagging to form binary intermediate alloy liquid, and pressing rare earth elements into the bottom of the binary intermediate alloy liquid by using a middle cover to form ternary intermediate alloy; (2) Melting 85-95% of electrolytic zinc in a furnace, heating to 500-700 ℃, adding 5-15% of the ternary intermediate alloy obtained in the previous step, stirring, degassing, removing slag, refining and casting. The alloy obtained by the method contains higher copper content.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, an object of the present application is to provide a method for producing a samarium-zinc alloy, which can reduce the deviation between the content of samarium element in the samarium-zinc alloy and the content of samarium metal in the raw material. Further, the samarium-zinc alloy prepared by the production method has lower impurity content.
Another object of the present application is to provide a samarium-zinc alloy in which the samarium element content has a small deviation from the metal samarium content in the raw material.
It is a further object of the application to provide a use of the niobium-containing container.
The technical aim is achieved through the following technical scheme.
In one aspect, the application provides a method for producing samarium-zinc alloy, comprising the following steps:
smelting a metal raw material in a niobium-containing container, and refining to obtain an alloy intermediate; casting the alloy intermediate to obtain samarium-zinc alloy;
the metal raw material consists of samarium metal and zinc metal, and the contact part of the niobium-containing container and the metal raw material is formed by niobium.
According to the production method of the present application, preferably, 0 < a.ltoreq.10.0 wt%, and 90.0 wt%.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.100 wt%;
wherein a represents the weight percentage of the samarium metal to the metal raw material;
wherein b represents the weight percentage of the metal zinc in the metal raw material.
According to the production method of the present application, preferably, 0.0001wt% or less a or less than 7.0wt% and 93.0wt% or less b or less than 99.9999wt%;
wherein a represents the weight percentage of the samarium metal to the metal raw material;
wherein b represents the weight percentage of the metal zinc in the metal raw material.
According to the production method of the present application, preferably, the inner wall of the cavity for containing the metal raw material of the niobium-containing container is formed of niobium.
According to the production method of the present application, preferably, the content of oxygen element in the samarium metal is not more than 0.02wt%, the content of phosphorus element is not more than 0.06wt%, and the content of sulfur element is not more than 0.02wt%.
According to the production method of the present application, preferably, the smelting is performed under an inert atmosphere, and the smelting temperature is 500 to 950 ℃ and the smelting pressure is 0.01 to 0.06MPa;
refining time is more than or equal to 10min;
the casting is performed in a casting mold formed of copper, which is a casting mold having a cooling water passage or a casting mold having a stirring function.
On the other hand, the application provides a samarium-zinc alloy, which is prepared by the production method, wherein the deviation between the content of samarium element in the samarium-zinc alloy and the weight percentage of the samarium metal in the metal raw material is represented by gamma, and the gamma is less than or equal to 0.06;
wherein, gamma is calculated by a formula shown in a formula (I):
γ=|1-ω 2 /ω 1 | (I);
in the formula (I), ω 1 The weight percentage of the samarium metal in the metal raw material is expressed in weight percent;
in the formula (I), ω 2 The content of samarium element in the samarium-zinc alloy is expressed, and the Ce-Zn alloy is prepared by the method in the unit of wt%.
According to the samarium-zinc alloy of the present application, preferably, the content of oxygen element in the samarium-zinc alloy is 0.002wt% or less, the content of phosphorus element is 0.01wt% or less, the content of sulfur element is 0.01wt% or less, and the content of carbon element is 0.006wt% or less.
In a further aspect, the application provides the use of a niobium-containing container for reducing the deviation between the content of samarium elements in a samarium-zinc alloy and the weight percentage of samarium metal in a metal starting material,
the contact part of the niobium-containing container and the metal raw material forming the samarium-zinc alloy is formed by niobium;
the deviation between the content of samarium element in the samarium-zinc alloy and the weight percentage of the metal samarium in the metal raw material is represented by gamma, and the gamma is calculated by adopting a formula shown in a formula (I):
γ=|1-ω 2 /ω 1 | (I);
in the formula (I), ω 1 The weight percentage of the samarium metal in the metal raw material is expressed in weight percent;
in the formula (I), ω 2 The content of samarium element in the samarium-zinc alloy is expressed in weight percent.
According to the use of the present application, preferably, the samarium-zinc alloy contains samarium element in an amount of more than 0 and 10.0wt% or less and zinc element in an amount of 90.0wt% or more and 100wt% or less; gamma is less than or equal to 0.06.
The application adopts the niobium-containing container to reduce the deviation between the content of samarium element in the samarium-zinc alloy and the weight percentage of the samarium metal in the metal raw material, and improve the accuracy of the content of samarium in the samarium-zinc alloy. Further, the method of the application can reduce the impurity content in the samarium-zinc alloy.
Detailed Description
The present application will be further described with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto.
< method for producing samarium-Zinc alloy >
The production method of the samarium-zinc alloy comprises the following steps: smelting a metal raw material in a niobium-containing container, and refining to obtain an alloy intermediate; casting the alloy intermediate to obtain the samarium-zinc alloy.
The metal raw material of the application consists of metal samarium and metal zinc. The metal raw material may contain some unavoidable impurities such as oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur, etc., in addition to samarium element and zinc element. The weight percentage of the samarium metal in the metal raw material can be represented as a. A is more than 0 and less than or equal to 10.0wt%; preferably, 0.0001wt% or more and 7.0wt% or less of a; more preferably, 0.5wt% or more and 5.0wt% or less of a; most preferably, 1.6 wt.% or more and 3.0 wt.% or less of a. The weight percentage of the metal zinc in the metal raw material can be represented by b. a+b=100 wt%. B is more than or equal to 90.0wt% and less than 100wt%; preferably, 93.0wt% or more and 99.9999wt% or less of b; more preferably, 95.0wt% or less b or less 99.5wt%; most preferably, 97.0 wt.% or more and 98.4 wt.% or less of a.
The content of oxygen element in the samarium metal is less than or equal to 0.02wt%; preferably, the content of oxygen element is less than or equal to 0.01wt%; more preferably, the content of oxygen element is 0.008wt% or less. The content of phosphorus element is less than or equal to 0.06wt%; preferably, the content of phosphorus element is less than or equal to 0.03wt%; more preferably, the content of phosphorus element is < 0.01wt%. The content of sulfur element is less than or equal to 0.02wt%; preferably, the content of sulfur element is less than or equal to 0.01wt%; more preferably, the content of elemental sulphur is < 0.0050wt%.
In some embodiments, the method may further comprise the steps of: and polishing the raw material samarium, and then melting and refining the raw material samarium in a vacuum melting furnace to obtain the metal samarium. The samarium raw material can be samarium raw material obtained by electrolysis. The content of oxygen element, the content of phosphorus element and the content of sulfur element in the obtained samarium metal can satisfy the aforementioned ranges.
In some embodiments, the method may further comprise the steps of: and polishing the raw material zinc to obtain the metal zinc. This removes impurities from the surface of the raw zinc.
The part of the niobium-containing container in contact with the metal raw material is formed of niobium. Preferably, the inner wall of the cavity for containing the metal feedstock of the niobium-containing vessel is formed of niobium. In certain embodiments, the niobium-containing vessel is formed entirely of niobium. Niobium is a simple substance of niobium. According to one embodiment of the application, the niobium-containing vessel is a niobium-containing crucible. The application surprisingly discovers that the niobium-containing container can effectively reduce the deviation between the content of samarium element in samarium-zinc alloy and the content of metal samarium in metal raw material, and can also reduce the content of impurities in samarium-zinc alloy.
Smelting may be performed in an inert atmosphere. Inert atmospheres include, but are not limited to, helium, neon, argon, and the like. According to one embodiment of the application, the inert atmosphere is argon. The smelting temperature can be 500-950 ℃; preferably 650-850 ℃; more preferably 700 to 750 ℃. The smelting time is based on the complete melting of zinc. Smelting pressure is 0.01-0.06 MPa; preferably 0.02-0.05 MPa; more preferably 0.03 to 0.04MPa. Smelting may be performed in a vacuum smelting furnace. According to one embodiment of the application, the vacuum melting furnace is evacuated to below 10Pa, and then inert gas is filled into the vacuum melting furnace to a melting pressure.
Refining time is longer than 10min; preferably, the refining time is 20-120 min; more preferably, the refining time is 30 to 60 minutes. This ensures that samarium is fully alloyed with zinc. Refining may be performed in a vacuum melting furnace.
Casting is performed in a casting mold. The casting mold may be formed of copper. The casting mold may be a casting mold having a cooling water passage or a casting mold having a stirring function. For example, a water-cooled ingot mould or an ingot mould with stirring function. In certain embodiments, the method may further comprise the step of cooling the cast alloy ingot.
< samarium-Zinc alloy >
The samarium-zinc alloy is prepared by the production method. The samarium-zinc alloy consists of samarium element and zinc element. The samarium-zinc alloy may include unavoidable impurities such as oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur, carbon, or the like, in addition to the samarium element and the zinc element.
The content of samarium element in the samarium-zinc alloy is more than 0 and less than or equal to 10.0wt%; preferably, the content of samarium element is 0.0001wt% or more and 7.0wt% or less; more preferably, the content of samarium element is 0.5wt% or more and 5.0wt% or less; most preferably, the content of samarium element is 1.6wt% or more and 3.0wt% or less. The content of samarium element is measured by an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer.
The content of zinc element in the samarium-zinc alloy is more than or equal to 90.0wt% and less than 100wt%; preferably, the content of zinc element is 93.0wt% or more and 99.9999wt% or less; more preferably, the content of zinc element is 95.0wt% or more and 99.5wt% or less; most preferably, the content of zinc element is 97.0wt% or more and 98.4wt% or less.
The content of oxygen element in the samarium-zinc alloy is less than or equal to 0.002wt%; preferably, the content of oxygen element is less than or equal to 0.0017wt%; more preferably, the content of oxygen element is 0.0014wt% or less. The content of oxygen element is measured by using an oxygen-nitrogen-hydrogen analyzer.
The content of phosphorus element in the samarium-zinc alloy is less than or equal to 0.01wt%; preferably, the content of phosphorus element is less than or equal to 0.006wt%; more preferably, the content of phosphorus element is < 0.0050wt%. The content of phosphorus element is measured by a spectrophotometer.
The content of sulfur element in the samarium-zinc alloy is less than or equal to 0.01wt%; preferably, the content of sulfur element is less than or equal to 0.006wt%; more preferably, the content of elemental sulphur is < 0.0050wt%. The content of sulfur element is measured by an infrared carbon sulfur analyzer.
The content of carbon element in the samarium-zinc alloy is less than or equal to 0.006wt%; preferably, the content of the carbon element is less than or equal to 0.0055wt%; more preferably, the content of the carbon element is 0.0052wt% or less. The content of carbon element is measured by an infrared carbon-sulfur analyzer.
In the application, the deviation between the content of samarium element in the samarium-zinc alloy and the weight percentage of the metal samarium in the metal raw material can be expressed as gamma. Gamma is less than or equal to 0.06; preferably, γ is less than or equal to 0.005; more preferably, γ.ltoreq.0.002; most preferably, γ is less than or equal to 0.0000001. In certain embodiments, γ=0.
Gamma is calculated by adopting a formula shown in a formula (I):
γ=|1-ω 2 /ω 1 | (I);
in the formula (I), ω 1 The weight percentage of the samarium metal in the metal raw material is expressed in weight percent;
in the formula (I), ω 2 The content of samarium element in the samarium-zinc alloy is expressed in weight percent.
< use of niobium-containing Container >
The application discovers that the deviation of the content of samarium element in the samarium-zinc alloy can be reduced by adopting a niobium-containing container formed by niobium at the contact part with the metal raw material. Thus, the present application provides the use of a niobium-containing container for reducing the deviation in the content of samarium elements in a samarium-zinc alloy.
The niobium-containing container of the present application is formed of niobium at the location where it contacts the metal feedstock forming the samarium-zinc alloy. Preferably, the inner wall of the cavity for containing the metal feedstock of the niobium-containing vessel is formed of niobium. In certain embodiments, the niobium-containing vessel is formed entirely of niobium. Niobium is a simple substance of niobium. According to one embodiment of the application, the niobium-containing vessel is a niobium-containing crucible.
The content of samarium element in the samarium-zinc alloy is more than 0 and less than or equal to 10.0wt%; preferably, the content of samarium element is 0.0001wt% or more and 7.0wt% or less; more preferably, the content of samarium element is 0.5wt% or more and 5.0wt% or less; most preferably, the content of samarium element is 1.6wt% or more and 3.0wt% or less. The content of samarium element is measured by an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer.
The content of zinc element in the samarium-zinc alloy is more than or equal to 90.0wt% and less than 100wt%; preferably, the content of zinc element is 93.0wt% or more and 99.9999wt% or less; more preferably, the content of zinc element is 95.0wt% or more and 99.5wt% or less; most preferably, the content of zinc element is 97.0wt% or more and 98.4wt% or less.
In the application, the deviation between the content of samarium element in the samarium-zinc alloy and the weight percentage of the metal samarium in the metal raw material can be expressed as gamma. Gamma is less than or equal to 0.06; preferably, γ is less than or equal to 0.005; more preferably, γ.ltoreq.0.002; most preferably, γ is less than or equal to 0.0000001. In certain embodiments, γ=0.
Gamma is calculated by adopting a formula shown in a formula (I):
γ=|1-ω 2 /ω 1 | (I);
in the formula (I), ω 1 The weight percentage of the samarium metal in the metal raw material is expressed in weight percent;
in the formula (I), ω 2 The content of samarium element in the samarium-zinc alloy is expressed in weight percent.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: smelting a metal raw material in a niobium-containing container, and refining to obtain an alloy intermediate; casting the alloy intermediate to obtain the samarium-zinc alloy. The selection of each raw material, niobium-containing vessel, and the specific operation of each step are as described above and are not described in detail herein.
The raw materials used in the examples and comparative examples are described below:
metal zinc: and polishing the raw material zinc to obtain the metal zinc.
Metal samarium: and polishing the raw material samarium, and then melting and refining the raw material samarium in a vacuum melting furnace to obtain the metal samarium. In the obtained samarium metal, the content of oxygen element is less than or equal to 0.008wt%, the content of phosphorus element is less than 0.01wt%, and the content of sulfur element is less than 0.0050wt%.
Example 1
A metal raw material consisting of 1.5 parts by weight of samarium metal and 98.5 parts by weight of zinc metal was melted in an argon atmosphere in a crucible containing niobium at a temperature of 730 ℃ and a pressure of 0.03MPa until the zinc metal was completely melted, and then refined for 30 minutes to obtain an alloy intermediate. The inner wall of the cavity for containing the metal raw material of the niobium-containing crucible is formed by niobium simple substance.
Casting the alloy intermediate into a water-cooled copper ingot mould, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the samarium-zinc alloy.
The properties of the resulting samarium-zinc alloy are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 1
Example 1 was repeated except that the metal raw material consisted of 1.7 parts by weight of samarium metal and 98.3 parts by weight of zinc metal, and the niobium-containing crucible was replaced with an alumina-containing crucible having an inner wall of a cavity for containing the metal raw material formed of alumina.
The properties of the resulting samarium-zinc alloy are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Note that: the content of oxygen element is measured by an oxygen-nitrogen-hydrogen analyzer, and the model of the oxygen-nitrogen-hydrogen analyzer is ONH-2000.
The phosphorus content was measured using a spectrophotometer model 772, purchased from Shanghai precision instruments factory.
The sulfur content is measured by an infrared carbon-sulfur analyzer, the model of the infrared carbon-sulfur analyzer is LECO-400,
purchased from U.S. Liku corporation.
The carbon element content is measured by an infrared carbon-sulfur analyzer, the model of the infrared carbon-sulfur analyzer is LECO-400,
purchased from U.S. Liku corporation.
The samarium element content was measured by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (ICP-OES).
The deviation (gamma) between the content of samarium element in the samarium-zinc alloy and the weight percentage of the metal samarium in the metal raw material is calculated by adopting a formula shown in a formula (I):
γ=|1-ω 2 /ω 1 | (I);
in the formula (I), ω 1 The weight percentage of the samarium metal in the metal raw material is expressed in weight percent;
in the formula (I), ω 2 The content of samarium element in the samarium-zinc alloy is expressed in weight percent.
The present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any modifications, improvements, substitutions, and the like, which may occur to those skilled in the art, fall within the scope of the present application without departing from the spirit of the application.
Claims (4)
1. Use of a container containing niobium for reducing the deviation between the content of samarium elements in a samarium-zinc alloy and the weight percentage of samarium metal in a metal raw material, characterized in that:
smelting a metal raw material in an inert atmosphere in a niobium-containing container at the temperature of 700-750 ℃ and the pressure of 0.02-0.05 MPa, and refining for 20-120 min to obtain an alloy intermediate; casting the alloy intermediate into a water-cooled ingot mould to obtain samarium-zinc alloy; the water-cooled ingot mould is formed by copper;
the metal raw material consists of metal samarium and metal zinc, and the contact part of the niobium-containing container and the metal raw material is formed by niobium; in the samarium metal, the content of oxygen element is less than or equal to 0.008wt%, the content of phosphorus element is less than 0.01wt%, and the content of sulfur element is less than 0.0050wt%;
wherein a represents the weight percentage of the samarium metal to the metal raw material, b represents the weight percentage of the zinc metal to the metal raw material, a is more than or equal to 0.5wt% and less than or equal to 3.0wt%, and b is more than or equal to 97.0wt% and less than or equal to 99.5wt%;
wherein, the deviation between the content of samarium element in the samarium-zinc alloy and the weight percentage of the metal samarium in the metal raw material is expressed by gamma, and the gamma is less than or equal to 0.0000001;
wherein, gamma is calculated by a formula shown in a formula (I):
γ=|1-ω 2 /ω 1 |(I);
in the formula (I), ω 1 The weight percentage of the samarium metal in the metal raw material is expressed in weight percent;
in the formula (I), ω 2 The content of samarium element in the samarium-zinc alloy is expressed in weight percent.
2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner wall of the cavity of the niobium-containing container for containing the metal feedstock is formed of niobium.
3. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that the refining time is 30-60 min.
4. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that the samarium-zinc alloy contains oxygen element not more than 0.002 wt.%, phosphorus element not more than 0.01 wt.%, sulfur element not more than 0.01 wt.%, and carbon element not more than 0.006 wt.%.
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CN1060683A (en) * | 1991-11-07 | 1992-04-29 | 冶金工业部包头稀土研究院 | Preparation samarium metal reaction vessel and manufacture method thereof |
CN104988353A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-10-21 | 江苏冶建锌业有限公司 | Cadmium-free lead-free super-fine zinc alloy powder and preparation method thereof |
CN111334688A (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2020-06-26 | 北京大学 | Zn-RE series zinc alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
CN112484491A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-03-12 | 包头稀土研究院 | Furnace cover for rare earth alloy smelting furnace, smelting furnace and method |
CN214120756U (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-09-03 | 包头稀土研究院 | Furnace cover for rare earth alloy smelting furnace and smelting furnace |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN1060683A (en) * | 1991-11-07 | 1992-04-29 | 冶金工业部包头稀土研究院 | Preparation samarium metal reaction vessel and manufacture method thereof |
CN104988353A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-10-21 | 江苏冶建锌业有限公司 | Cadmium-free lead-free super-fine zinc alloy powder and preparation method thereof |
CN111334688A (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2020-06-26 | 北京大学 | Zn-RE series zinc alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
CN112484491A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-03-12 | 包头稀土研究院 | Furnace cover for rare earth alloy smelting furnace, smelting furnace and method |
CN214120756U (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-09-03 | 包头稀土研究院 | Furnace cover for rare earth alloy smelting furnace and smelting furnace |
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