CN114716785A - Low-noise ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) composite material as well as preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Low-noise ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) composite material as well as preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114716785A CN114716785A CN202210290652.8A CN202210290652A CN114716785A CN 114716785 A CN114716785 A CN 114716785A CN 202210290652 A CN202210290652 A CN 202210290652A CN 114716785 A CN114716785 A CN 114716785A
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- noise
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- abs composite
- expanded graphite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L55/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers, obtained by polymerisation reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in groups C08L23/00 - C08L53/00
- C08L55/02—ABS [Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene] polymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
- B60R13/02—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-noise ABS composite material and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of high polymer materials. The low-noise ABS composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55-95 parts of ABS resin; 5-20 parts of antifriction resin; 1-20 parts of expanded graphite; 1-5 parts of a silane coupling agent; 0.1-0.5 part of non-polar lubricant; 0.2-0.8 part of antioxidant; the friction coefficient of the antifriction resin is less than or equal to 0.19; the expansion multiplying power of the expanded graphite is 150-400 times, and the test method is a volume method. The low-noise ABS composite material has the advantages that the antifriction resin, the expanded graphite and the nonpolar lubricant are added, so that the surface friction coefficient of the composite material is reduced, and the noise is reduced; meanwhile, the pore structure of the expanded graphite can absorb part of noise and block the transmission of part of noise, so that the purpose of reducing the noise to be below 55 decibels is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high polymer materials, in particular to a low-noise ABS composite material and application thereof.
Background
In recent years, the automobile industry has a growing interest in interior noise, which mainly comes from friction of interior components and extrusion between joint components, and the noise greatly affects the driving experience of users, and the long-term noise can damage the physical and mental health of users. The traditional means for reducing the noise in the automobile such as lubricating oil, felt and the like has complex processes and needs additional cost and labor force, so the low-noise material for the automobile is always a necessity in the automobile industry.
ABS is a terpolymer of three monomers of acrylonitrile (a), butadiene (B) and styrene (S), and is widely used in interior and exterior automotive trim because of its excellent comprehensive physical and mechanical properties, dimensional stability, electrical properties, wear resistance, chemical resistance, dyeability, finished product processing and machining properties.
At present, for the ABS part for the vehicle, the noise problem is one of the main problems of influencing the customer experience, and the development of the low-noise ABS material has certain value and significance. In order to solve the noise problem of the ABS material, the prior art discloses a low-gloss low-noise ABS resin composition, wherein 5-10 parts of damping enhancement resin such as maleic anhydride grafted polyurethane resin is added into the ABS resin to improve the damping property of the ABS resin and improve the noise reduction characteristic of the ABS resin. However, the method has poor noise improvement effect, and can only reduce the noise danger value to 2-3 stages, and the decibel number of the generated noise is between 60 and 70 when the test is carried out according to the German automobile industry Association standard, and the hearing of the user is still affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of overcoming the defect and the defect of poor noise reduction effect of the existing low-noise ABS material, and provides a low-noise ABS composite material, which reduces the surface friction coefficient of the material through the synergistic action of antifriction resin, expanded graphite and a non-polar lubricant; in addition, the pore structure in the expanded graphite can also play a certain sound absorption effect; the ABS composite material and the preparation method effectively improve the noise reduction effect of the low-noise ABS composite material in a synergistic manner, can reduce the noise decibel number to be below 55 decibels, and simultaneously does not produce negative effects on the mechanical properties of the ABS material.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the low-noise ABS composite material.
The invention also aims to provide application of the low-noise ABS composite material in preparing interior trims such as automobile instrument panel trims, inner panel trims and seat guard plates.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a plastic article.
The above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a low-noise ABS composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the friction coefficient of the antifriction resin is less than or equal to 0.19;
the expansion multiplying power of the expanded graphite is 150-400 times, and the test method is a volume method.
The volume method is to test the volume change of the graphite before and after expansion, and the ratio is the expansion ratio.
According to the low-noise ABS composite material, the antifriction resin, the expanded graphite and the nonpolar lubricant are added, so that the effect of reducing the surface friction coefficient of the composite material is achieved, and the noise is reduced; meanwhile, the pore structure of the expanded graphite can absorb part of noise and block the transmission of part of noise, so that the purpose of reducing the noise to be below 55 decibels is achieved.
The low-noise ABS material comprises the following components in part by action mechanism:
ABS has a high self-friction coefficient of about 0.48. The friction-reducing resin with the friction coefficient lower than 0.19 is introduced into the system, so that the surface friction coefficient of the composite material is greatly reduced, the surface of the composite material is smoother, and the noise caused by mutual friction among parts can be effectively reduced.
The use amount of the antifriction resin is too small, so that the friction coefficient of the surface of the composite material cannot be reduced, and the noise cannot be reduced; the use of an excessive amount of the friction reducing resin can reduce the surface friction coefficient of the composite material and reduce the generation of noise, but the impact performance of the composite material is greatly reduced.
The expanded graphite is of a layered porous structure, and has a large number of micro-sheets with nano-scale thickness, so that the sheets can slide, and the surface tension of the expanded graphite can be further reduced by adding the expanded graphite into a composite material system, so that the effect of reducing noise is achieved; meanwhile, the expanded graphite has a mesh-shaped pore structure, so that noise can be absorbed, and the propagation of the noise is blocked.
The consumption of the expanded graphite is too small, the generated noise cannot be absorbed, and the noise reduction effect is not obvious; the use of an excessive amount of expanded graphite, although absorbing most of the generated noise, results in a significant reduction in the impact properties of the composite.
The expansion rate of the expanded graphite influences the absorption of the expanded graphite on noise and the mechanical property of the composite material. The expansion ratio of the expanded graphite is too small, the volume of the expanded graphite is small, and the generated noise is not easy to weaken in the expanded graphite and difficult to absorb; the expansion ratio of the expanded graphite is too large, the volume of the expanded graphite is large, the surface energy is large, the expanded graphite is easy to agglomerate, and noise is difficult to absorb. Moreover, too large an expansion ratio of the expanded graphite also significantly reduces the impact properties of the composite material.
ABS is polar resin, and a non-polar lubricant is added into the system, so that the non-polar lubricant migrates to the surface due to polarity difference, and the friction reducing effect is achieved on the surface of the composite material, so that the noise can be reduced.
The silane coupling agent is used for enhancing the dispersion of the expanded graphite in the matrix and preventing the poor noise reduction effect and the deterioration of mechanical properties of the expanded graphite due to agglomeration.
The antioxidant is used for preventing the ABS resin from being decomposed in the processing process. The antioxidant can be hindered phenol antioxidant and/or phosphite antioxidant.
Preferably, in order to further reduce the noise of the ABS composite material, the low-noise ABS composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
preferably, the friction coefficient of the friction reducing resin is less than or equal to 0.1.
The smaller the friction coefficient of the friction reducing resin is, the more favorable the noise reduction of the composite material is.
In order to further improve the noise reduction effect and have high impact performance, preferably, the expansion magnification of the expanded graphite is 200-300 times.
Preferably, the non-polar lubricant is one or more of microcrystalline paraffin, solid paraffin and polyethylene wax.
Compared with stearate non-polar lubricants, the microcrystalline paraffin, the solid paraffin, the polyethylene wax and the ABS have larger polarity difference, are easier to migrate to the surface of the composite material, and reduce the friction force, so that the generation of noise is reduced, and the decibel number of the noise is reduced.
Preferably, the antifriction resin is one or more of polyformaldehyde, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyimide, polyether ether ketone or polyphenylene sulfide.
The friction coefficients of polyformaldehyde, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyimide, polyether ether ketone or polyphenylene sulfide are all low, so that the friction coefficient of the surface of the composite material can be reduced, and noise can be reduced.
Preferably, the antioxidant is hindered phenol antioxidant and phosphite antioxidant.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the low-noise ABS composite material, which comprises the following steps: the components are uniformly mixed, and the low-noise ABS composite material is obtained by melt extrusion, granulation and drying at 180-250 ℃ through a double-screw extruder.
The invention also protects the application of the low-noise ABS composite material in preparing automotive interior.
The low-noise ABS composite material prepared by the invention has low noise generated when being rubbed with other materials, can be widely applied to the preparation of plastic products, and particularly protects the application of the low-noise ABS composite material in the preparation of automotive interior trims, such as instrument panel trim strips, inner panel trim strips, seat guard plates and the like.
The invention also protects a plastic product which is prepared from any one of the low-noise ABS composite materials.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses a low-noise ABS composite material, which has the function of reducing the surface friction coefficient of the material by adding antifriction resin, expanded graphite and a non-polar lubricant, thereby reducing the noise; meanwhile, the pore structure of the expanded graphite can absorb part of noise and block the transmission of part of noise. In the driving process of the automobile, the mutual friction resistance between parts is reduced, so that the aim of reducing noise is fulfilled.
The noise decibel of the low-noise ABS composite material can be reduced to be less than 55 decibels.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the examples in any way. The starting reagents employed in the examples of the present invention are, unless otherwise specified, those that are conventionally purchased.
The invention adopts the following raw materials:
the ABS resin is ABS 8434 which is high-bridged petrochemical;
the antifriction resin 1 is polytetrafluoroethylene micropowder A1401, the friction coefficient is 0.04, Shanghai' an Teloprop chemical company Limited;
the antifriction resin 2 is polyformaldehyde M90, the friction coefficient is 0.17, and the Japanese treasures is;
the antifriction resin 3 is polyamide micropowder HY2800A with friction coefficient of 0.22, Jiangsu Haiyang chemical fiber company Limited;
the expanded graphite 1 has an expansion ratio of 250 times, and is prepared by placing 300 mesh natural graphite in concentrated H at a volume ratio of 3:12SO4And concentrated HNO3Stirring, washing and drying the solution at normal temperature, and then placing the solution at 900 ℃ (nitrogen environment) for 15 s;
the expanded graphite 2 has an expansion ratio of 150 times, and is prepared by placing 300 mesh natural graphite in concentrated H at a volume ratio of 3:12SO4And concentrated HNO3Stirring, washing and drying the solution at normal temperature, and then placing the solution at 850 ℃ (nitrogen environment) for 15 s;
the expanded graphite 3 has an expansion ratio of 400 times, and is prepared by placing 300 mesh natural graphite in concentrated H at a volume ratio of 3:12SO4And concentrated HNO3Stirring, washing and drying the solution at normal temperature, and then placing the solution at 1050 ℃ (nitrogen environment) for 15 s;
expanded graphite 4 with expansion ratio of 100 times is prepared by placing 300 mesh natural graphite in concentrated H with volume ratio of 3:12SO4And concentrated HNO3Stirring, washing and drying the solution at normal temperature, and then placing the solution at 850 ℃ (nitrogen environment) for 10 s;
5 expanded graphite with expansion rate of 500 times, and is prepared by placing 300 mesh natural graphite in concentrated H with volume ratio of 3:12SO4And concentrated HNO3Stirring, washing and drying the solution at normal temperature, and then placing the solution at 1150 ℃ (nitrogen environment) for 20 s;
silane coupling agent, commercially available and the same for all examples and comparative examples;
the nonpolar lubricant 1 is polyethylene wax A-C540A, HONEYWELL;
the nonpolar lubricant 2 is a stearate lubricant GZ 0142 selected from Shanghai;
the polar lubricant 3 is a stearic acid lubricant TR451, Shanghai Zhuang Jing;
the antioxidant is a hindered phenol antioxidant and a phosphite antioxidant, the weight ratio of the hindered phenol antioxidant to the phosphite antioxidant is 1:1, and the antioxidant is commercially available and is the same as that used in all the examples and comparative examples.
Examples 1 to 13
A low-noise ABS composite material comprises the following components:
an ABS resin; an antifriction resin; expanded graphite; a silane coupling agent; a non-polar lubricant and an antioxidant; wherein the specific contents of each component are shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1 Low noise ABS composite composition (in parts by weight) of the examples
TABLE 1
| 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | |
| ABS resin | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 |
| Antifriction resin 1 | / | 8 | 8 | 8 |
| Antifriction resin 2 | 8 | / | / | / |
| Expanded graphite 1 | 8 | / | / | 8 |
| Expanded graphite 2 | / | 8 | / | / |
| Expanded graphite 3 | / | / | 8 | / |
| SilaneCoupling agent | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Nonpolar lubricant 1 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | / |
| Nonpolar lubricant 2 | / | / | / | 0.3 |
| Antioxidant agent | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
The preparation method of the low-noise ABS composite material comprises the following steps:
the components are uniformly mixed, and the low-noise ABS composite material is obtained by melt extrusion, granulation and drying at 180-250 ℃ through a double-screw extruder.
Comparative examples 1 to 14
A low-noise ABS composite material comprises the following components:
an ABS resin; an antifriction resin; expanded graphite; a silane coupling agent; lubricants and antioxidants; wherein the specific contents of each component are shown in the following table 2.
TABLE 2 Low noise ABS composite compositions (in parts by weight) for each pair of proportions
The preparation method of the low-noise ABS composite material comprises the following steps:
the components are uniformly mixed, and the low-noise ABS composite material is obtained by melt extrusion, granulation and drying at 180-250 ℃ through a double-screw extruder.
Result detection
The low noise ABS composite materials of the above examples and comparative examples were tested by the following performance test methods:
(1) and (3) testing noise: and testing the noise decibel of the metal pressure head in the repeated movement process on the plastic plate, wherein the load of the metal pressure head is 20N, and the speed is 1000 mm/min.
(2) Notched izod impact strength: the test standard is ISO180-2000, the test condition is 23 ℃, and the notch A is formed.
The specific test results of examples 1-13 are set forth in Table 3 below:
the specific test results of comparative examples 1 to 14 are shown in Table 4 below:
from the data, the low-noise ABS composite material can reduce the noise decibel to be less than 55 decibels by adding the antifriction resin, the expanded graphite and the nonpolar lubricant, and has no negative influence on the impact performance.
As can be seen from example 1 and comparative example 12, the amount of the nonpolar lubricant used was too large to further reduce the noise. In practical applications, excessive nonpolar lubricant is easy to separate out of the system to the surface of the composite material, so that the surface of the ABS composite material is sticky, the touch feeling of drivers and passengers is affected, and in addition, the odor and volatile organic compounds in the automobile are remarkably increased.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The low-noise ABS composite material is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
the friction coefficient of the antifriction resin is less than or equal to 0.19;
the expansion multiplying power of the expanded graphite is 150-400 times, and the test method is a volume method.
2. The low noise ABS composite material of claim 1, which comprises the following components by weight:
3. the low noise ABS composite of claim 1 wherein the friction reducing resin has a coefficient of friction of 0.1 or less.
4. The low noise ABS composite of claim 1 wherein the expanded graphite has an expansion ratio of 200 to 300.
5. The low noise ABS composite of claim 1 wherein the non-polar lubricant is one or more of microcrystalline paraffin, paraffin wax or polyethylene wax.
6. The low noise ABS composite of claim 1 wherein the friction reducing resin is one or more of polyoxymethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyimide, polyetheretherketone or polyphenylene sulfide.
7. The low noise ABS composite of claim 1 wherein the antioxidant is a hindered phenolic antioxidant and a phosphite antioxidant.
8. A preparation method of the low-noise ABS composite material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps: the components are uniformly mixed, and the low-noise ABS composite material is obtained by melt extrusion, granulation and drying at 180-250 ℃ through a double-screw extruder.
9. Use of the low noise ABS composite material according to any of claims 1 to 7 for the production of automotive interior trim.
10. A plastic product, characterized in that the plastic product is prepared from the low-noise ABS composite material as claimed in any one of claims 1-7.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03181532A (en) * | 1989-12-11 | 1991-08-07 | Yoshida Shoten:Kk | Expanded graphite dispersion type composite resin |
| US20100148110A1 (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2010-06-17 | Polimeri Europa S.P.A. | Composite material based on vinylaromatic polymers having enhanced thermal insulation properties and process for the preparation thereof |
| JP2018059079A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-04-12 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | Heat expansible resin composition and multilayer fire-resistant molding |
| US20180362873A1 (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2018-12-20 | Dow Corning Toray Co., Ltd. | Sliding member, component and noise reducing method for mechanical apparatus, excluding those used for image forming apparatus |
| CN109401304A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-03-01 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of wear-resistant resin base frication material and preparation method thereof of expanded graphite filling |
-
2022
- 2022-03-23 CN CN202210290652.8A patent/CN114716785B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03181532A (en) * | 1989-12-11 | 1991-08-07 | Yoshida Shoten:Kk | Expanded graphite dispersion type composite resin |
| US20100148110A1 (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2010-06-17 | Polimeri Europa S.P.A. | Composite material based on vinylaromatic polymers having enhanced thermal insulation properties and process for the preparation thereof |
| US20180362873A1 (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2018-12-20 | Dow Corning Toray Co., Ltd. | Sliding member, component and noise reducing method for mechanical apparatus, excluding those used for image forming apparatus |
| JP2018059079A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-04-12 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | Heat expansible resin composition and multilayer fire-resistant molding |
| CN109401304A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-03-01 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of wear-resistant resin base frication material and preparation method thereof of expanded graphite filling |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 李俊杰: "ABS材料粘滑现象改善", 工程塑料应用 * |
| 郏樑 等: "汽车内饰件用抗噪声ABS 材料的性能研究", 汽车内饰件用抗噪声ABS材料的性能研究 * |
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