CN114713623A - Method for improving arsenic and cadmium enrichment capacity of ciliate desert-grass by combining phytic acid and phosphorus fertilizer reinforcement - Google Patents
Method for improving arsenic and cadmium enrichment capacity of ciliate desert-grass by combining phytic acid and phosphorus fertilizer reinforcement Download PDFInfo
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- CN114713623A CN114713623A CN202210291308.0A CN202210291308A CN114713623A CN 114713623 A CN114713623 A CN 114713623A CN 202210291308 A CN202210291308 A CN 202210291308A CN 114713623 A CN114713623 A CN 114713623A
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- grass
- ciliate desert
- phytic acid
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- 241000223782 Ciliophora Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 241000051984 Blepharidachne Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N Inositol-hexakisphosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]1[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H]1OP(O)(O)=O IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 235000002949 phytic acid Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phytic acid Natural products OP(O)(=O)OC1C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C1OP(O)(O)=O IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000000467 phytic acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 229940068041 phytic acid Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims description 28
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 13
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 10
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 title description 10
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 35
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 22
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- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004763 spore germination Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002981 blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 102100037170 Phosphate carrier protein, mitochondrial Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 101710128683 Phosphate carrier protein, mitochondrial Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000220286 Sedum Species 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical group [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006388 chemical passivation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910000150 monocalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- WIIZWVCIJKGZOK-IUCAKERBSA-N 2,2-dichloro-n-[(1s,2s)-1,3-dihydroxy-1-(4-nitrophenyl)propan-2-yl]acetamide Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)[C@@H](O)C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 WIIZWVCIJKGZOK-IUCAKERBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MVXMNHYVCLMLDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methoxynaphthalene-1-carbaldehyde Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(OC)=CC=C(C=O)C2=C1 MVXMNHYVCLMLDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-K Arsenate3- Chemical compound [O-][As]([O-])([O-])=O DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005955 Ferric phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000045595 Phosphoprotein Phosphatases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108700019535 Phosphoprotein Phosphatases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000124844 Sedum alfredii Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940000489 arsenate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001495 arsenic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;magnesium;phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940032958 ferric phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000399 iron(III) phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving arsenic and cadmium enrichment capacity of ciliate desert-grass by planting acid reinforced combined phosphate fertilizer, which comprises the steps of treating ciliate desert-grass seedlings with phytic acid under the condition of water culture, carrying out reinforcement on the ciliate desert-grass seedlings, transplanting the ciliate desert-grass seedlings subjected to acid treatment by water culture into potted soil which is applied with different dosages of phosphate fertilizer, ensuring proper temperature and humidity for planting, and harvesting the upper part and the lower part of a ciliate desert-grass regularly. The enrichment capacity of ciliate desert-grass As and Cd is improved by the combination of phytic acid and a phosphate fertilizer, and a new method is provided for restoring the polymetallic soil polluted plants. The method has the characteristics of low cost, simple and convenient operation and no secondary pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of heavy metal soil remediation, in particular to a method for improving arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) enrichment capacity of ciliate desert-grass by planting acid reinforced combination phosphate fertilizer.
Background
With the rapid development of the human industry, the frequent exploitation and smelting of natural resources results in a large amount of farmland soil being polluted by heavy metals. National pollution survey bulletin shows that the standard exceeding rate of the point location of arsenic (As) polluted soil and cadmium (Cd) polluted soil is 2.7% and 7.0% respectively (environmental protection department and national resources department, 2014), wherein the As and Cd combined pollution is typical. The As and Cd pollution of the soil not only affects the growth of crops, but also poses serious threats to the health of human bodies and the safety of ecological environment. However, As and Cd in the soil exist in the form of anion and cation respectively, and show completely opposite chemical properties, which brings great challenges to the remediation of the soil with the composite pollution of As and Cd.
At present, the existing soil heavy metal pollution remediation technologies at home and abroad mainly comprise a physical remediation technology, a chemical remediation technology, a plant remediation technology and the like; their respective characteristics are as follows:
1. physical and chemical remediation technologies have the characteristics of high cost, large workload, incapability of thoroughly removing heavy metals in soil, easiness in causing secondary pollution to the environment and the like, and have limitation in soil remediation application;
2. the phytoremediation technology is to plant enrichment plants or hyper-enrichment plants in the polluted soil, and to safely and effectively remove heavy metals in the soil by utilizing the characteristics that the plants can absorb the heavy metals and transfer the heavy metals to the overground part. The repairing technology has low cost, small disturbance to soil, difficult secondary pollution and suitability for large-area soil repairing work. However, soil is often subjected to multi-metal composite pollution, and single super-tired plants cannot meet the restoration requirements, so that in the actual restoration process, the efficiency of restoring various heavy metals by super-enrichment plants is enhanced by strengthening measures, such as seedling treatment, agricultural measures or interplanting and the like.
Ciliate desert-grass is the first As hyper-accumulation plant discovered by Ma et al (2001), the As content of leaves can reach 23g/kg, and at present, the mode of absorbing heavy metal by ciliate desert-grass has the following points:
1) the single ciliate desert-grass and the chemical blocking agent act together to absorb heavy metals, and the chemical blocking agent comprises a chemical blocking material, a chemical passivation material, a chemical strengthening material and a plant growth regulating material; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
a. the chemical barrier material is one or more of calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, dolomite powder and potassium feldspar;
b. the chemical passivation material is one or more of polyhydroxy ferric phosphate, polyhydroxy ferric chloride phosphate, polyferric chitin and ferric chloride silicate;
c. the chemical strengthening material is one or more of biological humic acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, sepiolite and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid.
d. The plant growth regulating material is one or more of calcium magnesium phosphate powder, calcium cyanamide, animal bone powder, straw organic fertilizer and amino acid chelate powder;
for example, the Chinese patent with the publication number of CN 110918638A discloses a method for repairing arsenic-polluted soil by activating ciliate desert-grass; the chemical barrier agent and arsenic ions in soil are subjected to chemical reactions such as oxidation, adsorption, polymerization and the like, and the arsenic ions in the soil are preliminarily separated and precipitated, so that the content of the arsenic ions in the soil is preliminarily reduced. Meanwhile, ciliate desert-grass enriches arsenic ions in a mode of activating, extracting, adsorbing and transferring the arsenic ions in the arsenic-polluted soil, so that the treatment and restoration of the arsenic-polluted soil are quickly realized through two modes;
however, the materials selected in the patent comprise a chemical barrier material and a chemical strengthening material, the barrier material is used for reducing the effectiveness of the arsenic in the soil, the chemical strengthening material is used for strengthening the activity of the arsenic in the soil, and the two actions are mutually contradictory and are not beneficial to super-accumulation of plant-ciliate desert-grass for absorbing the arsenic in the soil. The used chemical barrier agent has various varieties and large dosage, and the seedling raising process of the ciliate desert-grass is complicated, so the economic cost is high, and the actual application and popularization are not facilitated. No actual repair data is given in the patent, the specific repair is not clear, and only arsenic can be repaired.
For example, the Chinese patent with publication number CN 108636995A discloses a method for improving the arsenic absorption rate of ciliate desert-grass, which combines the screened activating agent (solid fertilizer) to optimize the effective supply environment of the soil arsenic in the growth process of ciliate desert-grass through the regulation and control measures of soil moisture control-soil arsenic activation and the like, and improve the enrichment capacity of ciliate desert-grass on the soil arsenic; the phosphorus-containing activating material is mainly selected in the patent, and can effectively activate the arsenic in the soil, so that the arsenic absorption of ciliate desert-grass is enhanced, and the study on the absorption effect of ciliate desert-grass on cationic heavy metal is lacked.
For example, the Chinese patent with publication number CN 112974510A discloses an application of ciliate desert-grass in repairing heavy metal arsenic pollution in the soil in a mine, the patent utilizes a chemical method to change arsenic into an arsenic compound which is difficult to be absorbed by a human body through a chemical barrier agent, the pH value of the soil is adjusted through slaked lime, the effectiveness of the arsenic is increased, the repairing efficiency of the ciliate desert-grass is promoted, and the ciliate desert-grass is enriched with arsenic ions through the modes of activating, extracting, adsorbing and transferring the arsenic ions in the arsenic-polluted soil; the juniperus chinensis seedling is mycorrhized by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculant, the growth of the juniperus chinensis is stimulated, the biomass of the juniperus chinensis is improved, and the arsenic absorption capacity of the juniperus chinensis is enhanced
Similar to the first patent CN 110918638A, the chemical barrier agent reduces the arsenic activity of soil, and affects the absorption efficiency of ciliate desert-grass to arsenic; meanwhile, the adopted chemical blocking agent has multiple varieties and large dosage, is not beneficial to application and popularization in actual production, does not give specific repair data, and does not know specific repair conditions. The slaked lime powder is adopted to adjust the pH value of the soil to be acidic, so that the soil is not beneficial to activating arsenic, the phytoremediation efficiency is inhibited, and the remediation of heavy metals is single. At the same time, this method is not applicable for alkaline arsenic contaminated soils (pH > 7.5).
2) Chinese patent of ciliate desert-grass and other plants for absorbing heavy metal under the coaction, such as CN106475408A, discloses a method for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil by compounding carex yunnanensis and ciliate desert-grass, and the method has stronger capacity of enriching lead, zinc, copper and arsenic ions after the carex yunnanensis and ciliate desert-grass are compounded and planted: the developed root system of the carex yunnanensis is suitable for deep soil remediation, the carex vittata is suitable for shallow remediation, and the comprehensive remediation of soil is realized after the carex yunnanensis and the carex vittata are planted in a composite mode: the abundant root systems can perform efficient composite remediation on the heavy metal contaminated soil by combining the super-enrichment characteristics of lead, zinc, copper and arsenic in the soil and the mutual promotion effect of the lead, zinc, copper and arsenic on heavy metal enrichment, and compared with the traditional soil remediation method and the single plant remediation method, the effect is obvious, the remediation efficiency is high, the remediation cost is low and a certain environment beautifying effect is achieved;
the arsenic content in the soil in the repair case of the patent is 26.69mg/kg, and the control standard of the soil pollution risk is not exceeded, so that the mode of the patent is not necessarily suitable for the soil with serious arsenic pollution. The operation of the intercropping mode in actual production is complex, time and labor are wasted, and the intercropping mode is not easy to popularize. In heavy metal phytoremediation, the extraction efficiency of plants is a key part, but the corresponding extraction efficiency is not given in field experiments. The research on the restoration durability of the polluted soil by the carex yunnanensis and the ciliate desert-grass is carried out in artificially polluted soil, the concentration of heavy metal in the artificially polluted soil is too high, the difference between the form of the heavy metal in the artificially short-term polluted soil and the naturally polluted soil is larger, and the restoration effect of the naturally polluted soil cannot be reflected.
3) Ciliate desert-grass and other plants, and chemical strengthening material (oxalic acid) coact to absorb heavy metals, for example, Chinese patent of CN 111389904A discloses a method for repairing arsenic, cadmium and lead composite polluted soil by utilizing oxalic acid to strengthen ciliate desert-south-east sedum intercropping, the method adopts oxalic acid to strengthen ciliate desert-south-east sedum intercropping to repair arsenic, cadmium and lead composite polluted soil, and adopts unique planting measures and synergism, thus obviously improving the removal effect of plants on heavy metals such as arsenic, cadmium and lead in the soil;
the patent uses oxalic acid to activate soil heavy metals, but exogenous oxalic acid is easily degraded in soil and has limited retention time. Meanwhile, the patent adopts an intercropping mode of ciliate desert-grass and sedum alfredii hance, so that the operation is complex in actual production, time and labor are wasted, and the popularization is difficult.
The three heavy metal restoration methods are integrated, the cost is high, the operation is complex, the application and the popularization in production are not facilitated, the restored heavy metal is single, and few researches relate to the restoration of the composite pollution of arsenic and cadmium.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for improving the enrichment capacity of ciliate desert-grass of arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) by using a phytic acid-phosphate fertilizer combined method; the method is simple to operate, has no secondary pollution, and can remarkably improve the efficiency of ciliate desert-grass for repairing heavy metal.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention designs a method for improving the arsenic and cadmium enrichment capacity of ciliate desert-grass by planting acid reinforced combination phosphate fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
1) growing ciliate desert-grass seedlings to obtain ciliate desert-grass seedlings;
2) cleaning the roots of the ciliate desert-grass strengthened seedlings; then, the ciliate desert-grass seedlings are transferred into a phytic acid-containing hydroponic solution for intensive culture, and the hydroponic solution is replaced periodically to obtain ciliate desert-grass reinforced seedlings, wherein the hydroponic solution is Hoagland-Aron nutrient solution (HNS) diluted by 5 times;
3) applying a phosphate fertilizer to the As and Cd polluted soil to be repaired; meanwhile, applying a nitrogenous fertilizer and a potash fertilizer as base fertilizers, wherein the fertilizing amount of the phosphate fertilizer is 1-300 mg/kg soil; the fertilizing amount of N fertilizer (counted by N) is 80mg/kg soil, K fertilizer (counted by K)2Calculated by O) is 100mg/kg soil;
4) transplanting the ciliate desert-grass reinforced seedlings obtained in the step 2) into the polluted soil to be repaired obtained in the step 3) for planting;
5) harvesting the upper part and the lower part of the centipede grassland regularly.
Further, in the step 1), the centipede grass seedling raising (indoor breeding of centipede grass spores collected in the field in new areas of north and Hu province in Yangxiang) comprises the following specific steps:
uniformly scattering ciliate desert-grass spores in seedling raising plate holes filled with the matrix, covering the seedling raising plates with preservative films (the preservative films are covered to ensure sufficient moisture), and culturing until seedlings with the plant height of 8-12 cm are obtained.
Furthermore, the ciliate desert-grass spores are ciliate desert-grass spores collected in Yangxin county of Hubei province.
Further, the culture conditions are that the illumination time is respectively as follows: 16 h/day and 8 h/night; the temperature is respectively 25 ℃/day and 20 ℃/night; the relative humidity was 70%.
Further, in the step 2), the concentration of phytic acid in the hydroponic solution is 0.1-5 mmol/L;
still further, in the step 2), the concentration of the phytic acid in the hydroponic solution is 0.5 mmol/L.
Still further, in the step 2), the intensive culture conditions are as follows:
the illumination time was 14h/10h (day/night), the temperature was 25 ℃/20 ℃ (day/night), and the relative humidity was 70%.
Further, in the step 3), the fertilizing amount of the phosphate fertilizer is 200mg/kg soil.
Principle of the invention
1. Ciliate desert-grass is the first As hyper-accumulation plant discovered by Ma and the like (2001), the As content of leaves of the ciliate desert-grass can reach 23g/kg, meanwhile, ciliate desert-grass also has strong tolerance to Cd, and the ciliate desert-grass is an ideal material for remedying the As and Cd combined pollution of soil. However, centipede belongs to perennial pteridophyte, the centipede likes a dark and humid environment, grows slowly and has low biomass, and the occurrence form and the bioavailability of As and Cd in soil play an important role in absorbing As and Cd by the centipede. Therefore, how to increase the biomass of the ciliate desert-grass and promote the ciliate desert-grass to absorb As and Cd in the soil becomes an important research content for repairing the heavy metal polluted soil by the ciliate desert-grass at present.
2. Plants usually secrete organic acids through the root system to dissolve insoluble nutrient elements, and phytic acid (Phytatec acid), also known as phytic acid, is widely present in nature and is the main storage form of phosphorus in plant tissues. Meanwhile, Liu and other researches (2017) find that the secretion of phytate is possibly specific to fern plants, the abundance of phosphate transport protein (PvPht 1; 3) in the root system of ciliate desert-grass is obviously improved under the treatment of phytate, the absorption of ciliate desert-grass to As is promoted by up-regulating the phosphate transport protein and the activity of plant phosphatase, the ciliate desert-grass plays an important role in absorbing As, but the researches on the simultaneous absorption of As and Cd by ciliate desert-grass after the phytic acid is strengthened are not reported.
3. For phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil, the method not only depends on the content of heavy metals in plants, but also depends on the biomass. In the phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil, the fertilization is an efficient and convenient measure, and particularly, the application of a phosphate fertilizer in the remediation of As and Cd contaminated soil by ciliate desert-grass can produce a remarkable effect. On one hand, the biomass of the ciliate desert-grass can be obviously improved by a proper phosphate fertilizer, so that the hyper-enriched plant can accumulate more As and Cd. On the other hand, P and As belong to the same group elements, and the competitive adsorption relationship between P, As can influence the activation and migration of As in soil. Phosphate can displace arsenate from a diffusion layer of an electric double layer and a hydrated oxide type surface part, and a part of As adsorption sites are occupied by P, so that the adsorption amount of soil solids to As is reduced, and the bioavailability of As is increased.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the activity of acid phosphatase of the ciliate desert-grass seedling is enhanced through phytic acid water culture, the transport capacity of phosphorus and arsenic is enhanced, the activity of soil arsenic is improved by applying phosphate fertilizer, and the growth of ciliate desert-grass is promoted, so that the capacity of enriching arsenic and cadmium of ciliate desert-grass is improved.
2. The phytic acid and the fertilizer selected by the invention have low cost, simple and convenient operation and no secondary pollution, and provide an effective method for restoring the polymetallic soil polluted plants.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of phytic acid treatment on biomass of Grateloupia filicina;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of phytic acid treatment on phosphorus content in ciliate desert-grass;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of phytic acid treatment on the activity of oxalic acid phosphatase in centipedes;
FIG. 4 is a biological quantity chart of the upper part of a centipede grassland planted for 90 days;
FIG. 5 is a biological quantity chart of the lower part of a grassland of centipedes planted for 90 days;
FIG. 6 is a biological quantity chart of the whole plant of Grateloupia filicina planted for 90 days;
FIG. 7 is a graph of As enrichment of ciliate desert-grass grown for 90 days;
FIG. 8 is a Cd enrichment map of Grateloupia filicina planted for 90 days.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples so that those skilled in the art can understand the invention.
Example 1
A strengthening method of ciliate desert-grass seedlings comprises the following steps:
1) collecting ciliate desert-grass spores in Yangxin county of Hubei province in the field, and breeding ciliate desert-grass seedlings indoors; uniformly scattering ciliate desert-grass spores in seedling tray holes filled with the matrix, covering a preservative film, adding water required for spore germination into a plastic tray, and keeping the surface of the matrix wet; the greenhouse environment control conditions are as follows: illumination time 16h/8h (day/night); temperature 25 ℃/20 ℃ (day/night); the relative humidity is 70% until seedlings with the plant height of 8-12 cm are obtained;
2) washing the roots of the ciliate desert-grass reinforced seedlings for three times by using tap water and distilled water to ensure the completeness of the roots; and then, the ciliate desert-grass seedlings are transferred into a phytic acid-containing hydroponic solution for intensive culture for two weeks, and the hydroponic solution is replaced every week to obtain the ciliate desert-grass reinforced seedlings, wherein the hydroponic solution is Hoagland-Aron nutrient solution (HNS) diluted by 5 times.
On the basis of the technical scheme, phytic acid is added with water, the concentration gradient of the phytic acid in the hydroponic solution is respectively 0, 0.5, 1, 3 and 5mmol/L, and each treatment is repeated for four times; after phytic acid is added with water, 30mg/L chloramphenicol is simultaneously added to inhibit microbial activity, the nutrient solution is replaced every week, and the greenhouse environment is controlled as follows: the illumination time was 14h/10h (day/night), the temperature was 25 ℃/20 ℃ (day/night), and the relative humidity was 70%.
After the water culture is finished, obtaining ciliate desert-grass reinforced seedlings Y0, ciliate desert-grass reinforced seedlings Y0.5, ciliate desert-grass reinforced seedlings Y1, ciliate desert-grass reinforced seedlings Y3 and ciliate desert-grass reinforced seedlings Y5; and (3) measuring the biomass of the ciliate desert-grass, the activities of the leaf antioxidase and acid phosphatase, and selecting the optimal phytic acid concentration for the subsequent potting experiment.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3: when the phytic acid concentration is 0.5mmol/L, the biomass of the ciliate desert-grass stems and leaves is obviously improved compared with other treatments, and is increased by 24.1-67.5% (figure 1). When the concentration of the phytic acid is too high, the biomass at the upper part of the centipede grassland is obviously reduced, which shows that the too high phytic acid plays a role in inhibiting the growth of the centipede grassland. When the phytic acid concentration is 0.5mmol/L, the content of P in the roots of the ciliate desert-grass is obviously higher than that of other treatments, the content is increased by 16.2-29.2 percent (figure 2), and the content difference of P in the roots of other treatments is not obvious, which shows that the transport capacity of the roots P is obviously enhanced when the phytic acid concentration is 0.5 mmol/L. Meanwhile, the P content in the stem leaves is increased along with the increase of the concentration of the phytic acid. Compared with the rest phytic acid concentration, the activity of acid phosphatase of the root system is increased by 47.8-71.8% when the phytic acid concentration is 0.5mmol/L (as shown in figure 3), which indicates that the transportation capability of the ciliate desert-grass root system to P is obviously enhanced.
In summary, it shows that: when the phytic acid concentration is 1-5mmol/L, the dry weight of the ciliate desert-grass is reduced, the growth of the ciliate desert-grass is inhibited, but the content of P in stems and leaves and the activity of acid plum phosphate are increased, and the transport capacity of the stems and leaves P is improved.
When the concentration of the phytic acid is 0.5mmol/L, the effect of promoting the dry weight of the ciliate desert-grass, the content of P in plant stems and leaves and the activity of acid phosphatase in root systems is optimal, the growth of the ciliate desert-grass and the transport capacity of the root systems P are all obviously enhanced, P, As is a family element and has similar chemical properties, and in As-polluted soil, the ciliate desert-grass usually absorbs As through a transport channel of the root systems P, so the transport capacity of the ciliate desert-grass root systems to the As is also enhanced.
Example 2
A method for improving arsenic and cadmium enrichment capacity of ciliate desert-grass by planting acid and strengthening a combined phosphate fertilizer comprises the following steps:
1) collecting heavy metal As and Cd polluted soil from farmland soil in a mining area of Yangxin county of Huangshi City, Hubei province; the basic physicochemical properties are pH: 8.04, organic matter: 24.14g/kg, total nitrogen: 1.59g/kg, total phosphorus: 0.43g/kg, total potassium: 2.93g/kg, total As: 72.7mg/kg, total Cd: 3.56 mg/kg;
2) covering a black plastic bag at the bottom of the plastic basin, fully mixing the N fertilizer and the K fertilizer with the polluted soil in the form of base fertilizers, and then applying a phosphate fertilizer to obtain the polluted soil to be repaired, wherein the fertilizing amount of the phosphate fertilizer is 100mg/kg of soil; n fertilizer (in terms of N) and K fertilizer (in terms of K)2O) are respectively 80mg/kg soil and 100mg/kg soil (urea and potassium nitrate), and the tested phosphate fertilizer is monocalcium phosphate; adjusting the water content of the soil to 70% WHC, and stabilizing at room temperature for 7 days;
3) transplanting the ciliate desert-grass reinforced seedling Y0.5 obtained in the example 1 into the polluted soil to be repaired obtained in the step 2) for planting to obtain ciliate desert-grass Y0.5+ P100.
Example 3
The method for obtaining ciliate desert-grass Y0.5+ P200 in this example is basically the same as the method in example 2, except that:
the fertilizing amount of the phosphate fertilizer is 200mg/kg soil.
Example 4
The method for obtaining ciliate desert-grass Y0.5+ P300 in this example is basically the same as the method in example 2, except that:
the fertilizing amount of the phosphate fertilizer is 300mg/kg soil.
Comparative example 1
1) Collecting ciliate desert-grass spores in Yangxin county of Hubei province in the field, and breeding ciliate desert-grass seedlings indoors; uniformly scattering ciliate desert-grass spores in seedling tray holes filled with the matrix, covering a preservative film, adding water required for spore germination into a plastic tray, and keeping the surface of the matrix wet; the greenhouse environment control conditions are as follows: illumination time 16h/8h (day/night); temperature 25 ℃/20 ℃ (day/night); the relative humidity is 70% until seedlings with the plant height of 8-12 cm are obtained;
2) collecting heavy metal As and Cd polluted soil from farmland soil in a mining area of Yangxin county of Huangshi City, Hubei province; the basic physicochemical properties are pH: 8.04, organic matter: 24.14g/kg, total nitrogen: 1.59g/kg, total phosphorus: 0.43g/kg, total potassium: 2.93g/kg, total As: 72.7mg/kg, total Cd: 3.56 mg/kg;
3) covering the bottom of the plastic basin with a black plastic bag, fully mixing the N fertilizer and the K fertilizer with the polluted soil in the form of base fertilizer to obtain the polluted soil to be repaired,
4) transplanting the ciliate desert-grass seedlings obtained in the step 1) into the polluted soil to be restored obtained in the step 3) for planting to obtain ciliate desert-grass CK.
Comparative example 2
A method for enhancing the enrichment capacity of ciliate desert-grass of arsenic and cadmium by using phytic acid comprises the following steps:
1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) collecting ciliate desert-grass spores in Yangxin county of Hubei province in the field, and breeding ciliate desert-grass seedlings indoors; uniformly scattering ciliate desert-grass spores in seedling tray holes filled with the matrix, covering a preservative film, adding water required for spore germination into a plastic tray, and keeping the surface of the matrix wet; the greenhouse environment control conditions are as follows: illumination time 16h/8h (day/night); temperature 25 ℃/20 ℃ (day/night); the relative humidity is 70% until seedlings with the plant height of 8-12 cm are obtained;
2) washing the roots of the ciliate desert-grass reinforced seedlings for three times by using tap water and distilled water to ensure the completeness of the roots; and then, the ciliate desert-grass seedlings are transferred into a phytic acid-containing hydroponic solution for enhanced culture for two weeks, and the hydroponic solution is replaced every week to obtain ciliate desert-grass enhanced seedlings Y0.5, wherein the hydroponic solution is Hoagland-Aron nutrient solution (HNS) diluted by 5 times, and the concentration gradient of the phytic acid in the hydroponic solution is 0.5 mmol/h.
3) Collecting heavy metal As and Cd polluted soil, wherein the heavy metal As and Cd polluted soil is from farmland soil in one mining area of Yangxin county of Huangshi City of Hubei province; the basic physicochemical properties are pH: 8.04, organic matter: 24.14g/kg, total nitrogen: 1.59g/kg, total phosphorus: 0.43g/kg, total potassium: 2.93g/kg, total As: 72.7mg/kg, total Cd: 3.56 mg/kg;
4) covering the bottom of the plastic basin with a black plastic bag, fully mixing the N fertilizer and the K fertilizer with the polluted soil in the form of base fertilizer,
5) transplanting the ciliate desert-grass reinforced seedling Y0.5 obtained in the step 2) into the polluted soil to be repaired obtained in the step 2) for planting, and obtaining ciliate desert-grass Y0.5-P0.
Comparative example 3
A method for improving arsenic and cadmium enrichment capacity of ciliate desert-grass by a phosphate fertilizer comprises the following steps:
1) collecting ciliate desert-grass spores in Yangxin county of Hubei province in the field, and breeding ciliate desert-grass seedlings indoors; uniformly scattering ciliate desert-grass spores in seedling tray holes filled with the matrix, covering a preservative film, adding water required for spore germination into a plastic tray, and keeping the surface of the matrix wet; the greenhouse environment control conditions are as follows: illumination time 16h/8h (day/night); temperature 25 ℃/20 ℃ (day/night); the relative humidity is 70% until seedlings with the plant height of 8-12 cm are obtained;
2) collecting heavy metal As and Cd polluted soil, wherein the heavy metal As and Cd polluted soil is from farmland soil in one mining area of Yangxin county of Huangshi City of Hubei province; the basic physicochemical properties are pH: 8.04, organic matter: 24.14g/kg, total nitrogen: 1.59g/kg, total phosphorus: 0.43g/kg, total potassium: 2.93g/kg, total As: 72.7mg/kg, total Cd: 3.56 mg/kg;
3) covering a black plastic bag at the bottom of the plastic basin, fully mixing the N fertilizer and the K fertilizer with the polluted soil in the form of base fertilizers, and then applying a phosphate fertilizer to obtain the polluted soil to be repaired, wherein the fertilizing amount of the phosphate fertilizer is 100mg/kg of soil; n fertilizer (in terms of N) and K fertilizer (in terms of K)2O) are respectively 80mg/kg soil and 100mg/kg soil (urea and potassium nitrate), and the tested phosphate fertilizer is monocalcium phosphate; adjusting the water content of the soil to 70% WHC, and stabilizing at room temperature for 7 days;
4) transplanting the seedlings obtained in the step 1) into the polluted soil to be repaired obtained in the step 3) for planting to obtain ciliate desert-grass P100.
Comparative example 4
The method for obtaining ciliate desert-grass P200 of this comparative example is substantially the same as that of comparative example 3, except that:
the fertilizing amount of the phosphate fertilizer is 200mg/kg soil.
Comparative example 5
The method for obtaining ciliate desert-grass P300 of the comparative example is basically the same as that of the comparative example 3, except that:
the fertilizing amount of the phosphate fertilizer is 300mg/kg soil.
Firstly, detecting the biomass and enrichment amount of the ciliate desert-grass:
collecting samples: to in embodiment 2 ~ 4 and comparative example 1 ~ 5, plant 90 days and carry out centipede meadow upper portion and underground portion and rhizosphere soil sampling, 3 samples of every processing collection, take the laboratory immediately after the sample and wash the plant clean. Meanwhile, taking a centipede grass fresh sample, preserving the centipede grass fresh sample by using liquid nitrogen, bringing the centipede grass fresh sample back to a laboratory, and storing the centipede grass fresh sample at the temperature of minus 80 ℃; then detecting the upper part, the lower part and the whole biomass of the centipede grassland and the enrichment amount of As and Cd of the centipede grassland;
as shown in fig. 4, 5, and 6: when the plant is planted for 90 days, 200mg/kg of P is added after 0.5mmol/L phytic acid is strengthened2O5When the biomass of ciliate desert-grass reaches 12.31g, which is higher than the other treatments (figure 6); simultaneously adding 200mg/kg P after 0.5mmol/L phytic acid is strengthened2O5Dry weight of lower part of grassland of centipedeA maximum of 6.63g (FIG. 5). It can be seen that the application of the phosphate fertilizer can obviously improve the biomass of the ciliate desert-grass and promote the growth of the ciliate desert-grass.
As shown in FIGS. 7 to 8: adding 200mg/kg of P after 0.5mmol/L phytic acid is strengthened2O5When the concentration of As in ciliate desert-grass reaches the highest level of 615.36ug per plant, then 300mg/kg of P is added after phytic acid is strengthened2O5As enrichment was 563.48 ug/strain (FIG. 7). In addition, 200mg/kg P was added after 0.5mmol/L phytic acid was fortified2O5In this case, Cd enrichment of Grateloupia filicina reaches 5.11 ug/plant (FIG. 8). The phosphate fertilizer promotes the growth of the ciliate desert-grass, thereby increasing the Cd enrichment amount in the ciliate desert-grass. The As enrichment amount of the ciliate desert-grass added with the phosphate fertilizer after the phytic acid is strengthened is generally higher than that of the ciliate desert-grass added with the phosphate fertilizer alone, which shows that the As enrichment effect of the ciliate desert-grass added with the phosphate fertilizer after the phytic acid is strengthened is better.
Other parts not described in detail are prior art. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained without inventive step according to the embodiments, and the embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for improving arsenic and cadmium enrichment capacity of ciliate desert-grass by combining phytic acid reinforcement with phosphate fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) growing the ciliate desert-grass seedlings to obtain ciliate desert-grass seedlings;
2) cleaning the roots of the ciliate desert-grass strengthened seedlings; then, the ciliate desert-grass seedlings are transferred into a phytic acid-containing hydroponic solution for intensive culture, and the hydroponic solution is replaced periodically to obtain ciliate desert-grass reinforced seedlings, wherein the hydroponic solution is a Hoagland-Aron nutrient solution diluted by 5 times;
3) applying a phosphate fertilizer to the As and Cd polluted soil to be repaired; meanwhile, applying a nitrogenous fertilizer and a potash fertilizer as base fertilizers, wherein the fertilizing amount of the phosphate fertilizer is 1-300 mg/kg soil; the fertilizing amount of the N fertilizer is 80mg/kg soil, and the fertilizing amount of the K fertilizer is 100mg/kg soil;
4) transplanting the ciliate desert-grass reinforced seedlings obtained in the step 2) into the polluted soil to be repaired obtained in the step 3) for planting;
5) the upper and lower parts of the centipede grassland are harvested regularly.
2. The method for improving arsenic and cadmium enrichment capacity of ciliate desert-grass by using the phytic acid reinforced combined phosphate fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step 1), the centipede grass seedling raising method comprises the following specific steps:
uniformly scattering ciliate desert-grass spores in seedling-raising tray holes filled with the matrix, covering the seedling-raising trays with preservative films, and culturing until seedlings with the plant height of 8-12 cm are obtained.
3. The method for improving arsenic and cadmium enrichment capacity of ciliate desert-grass by using the phytic acid reinforced combined phosphate fertilizer according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the ciliate desert-grass spores are ciliate desert-grass spores collected in Yangxin county of Hubei province.
4. The method for improving arsenic and cadmium enrichment capacity of ciliate desert-grass by using the phytic acid reinforced combined phosphate fertilizer according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the culture conditions are that the illumination time is respectively as follows: 16 h/day and 8 h/night; the temperature is respectively 25 ℃/day and 20 ℃/night; the relative humidity was 70%.
5. The method for improving arsenic and cadmium enrichment capacity of ciliate desert-grass by using the phytic acid reinforced combined phosphate fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step 2), the concentration of the phytic acid in the hydroponic solution is 0.1-5 mmol/L.
6. The method for improving the arsenic and cadmium enrichment capacity of ciliate desert-grass by using the phytic acid reinforced combined phosphate fertilizer according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: in the step 2), the concentration of the phytic acid in the hydroponic solution is 0.5 mmol/L.
7. The method for improving arsenic and cadmium enrichment capacity of ciliate desert-grass by using the phytic acid reinforced combined phosphate fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step 2), the intensified culture conditions are as follows:
illumination time: 14 h/day, 10 h/night; the temperature is 25 ℃/day and 20 ℃/night; the relative humidity was 70%.
8. The method for improving arsenic and cadmium enrichment capacity of ciliate desert-grass by using the phytic acid reinforced combined phosphate fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step 3), the fertilizing amount of the phosphate fertilizer is 200mg/kg soil.
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