CN114713379A - Fluidized flotation device and method suitable for coarse particle recovery - Google Patents
Fluidized flotation device and method suitable for coarse particle recovery Download PDFInfo
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- CN114713379A CN114713379A CN202110833001.4A CN202110833001A CN114713379A CN 114713379 A CN114713379 A CN 114713379A CN 202110833001 A CN202110833001 A CN 202110833001A CN 114713379 A CN114713379 A CN 114713379A
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- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003250 coal slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005660 hydrophilic surface Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011027 product recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/02—Froth-flotation processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/14—Flotation machines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/14—Flotation machines
- B03D1/1443—Feed or discharge mechanisms for flotation tanks
- B03D1/1456—Feed mechanisms for the slurry
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/14—Flotation machines
- B03D1/24—Pneumatic
- B03D1/245—Injecting gas through perforated or porous area
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; Specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
- B03D2203/04—Non-sulfide ores
- B03D2203/08—Coal ores, fly ash or soot
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fluidized flotation device and method suitable for coarse particle recovery, belongs to the technical field of mineral separation and recovery, and solves the problems of low coarse slime recovery rate and poor separation precision in the prior art. The device comprises a flotation column, a first bubble generation unit and a gas-water mixing distribution unit, wherein the first bubble generation unit and the gas-water mixing distribution unit are both arranged below the inside of the flotation column, the gas-water mixing distribution unit is positioned above the first bubble generation unit, and bubbles generated by the first bubble generation unit enter the gas-water mixing distribution unit to be mixed with fluidized water and then enter the top of the flotation column. The invention has simple structure and good sorting effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mineral separation and recovery, in particular to a fluidized flotation device and method suitable for coarse particle recovery.
Background
Under the influence of the natural resources of rich coal, poor oil and little gas, China keeps the structural characteristics of energy mainly based on coal for a long time, coal still plays an indispensable role in national economy of China, and clean and efficient utilization of coal resources has great significance for sustainable development of economy of China.
Coal washing separation is an important precondition for realizing clean and efficient utilization of coal resources. At present, a coal preparation plant generally adopts a process of pre-grading selected coal, and selecting different separation devices and methods for different size fractions. Among them, the process of recovering +3.00mm size fraction by the gravity separation process is becoming mature. For fine-fraction coal slime with-3.00 mm, a classification cyclone is generally used in a plant to classify the coal slime with a boundary of 0.25mm, and the fine-fraction coal slime with-0.25 mm is subjected to flotation recovery, while coarse coal slime with a size of 0.25-3 mm is subjected to recovery by a coal slime dense medium cyclone, a TBS (Teeter Bed Separator), and other devices and methods.
The existing common coarse coal slime separation device still takes the density difference between coal and gangue particles as a separation principle, but the coarse coal slime has serious equal sedimentation phenomenon, namely the sedimentation velocity between coarse-grained low-density coal particles and fine-grained high-density gangue particles is the same, so that the high-grey fine particles of cleaned coal products are seriously entrained after separation, and the product quality and valuable component recovery are greatly influenced; in the flotation process, the large inertia of coarse slime particles easily causes the particles to fall off from bubbles, so that the phenomenon of coarse particles is caused, and the product recovery rate is greatly reduced. Therefore, the coarse slime needs to be sorted and recycled by a sorting and recycling device with high recycling rate and sorting precision to realize high-efficiency recycling.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing analysis, embodiments of the present invention are directed to provide a fluidized flotation device and method suitable for coarse particle recovery, so as to solve the problems of low recovery rate and poor separation accuracy of the existing coarse coal slime, and provide an efficient separation and recovery device and method with simple structure and good separation effect for separation and recovery of the coarse coal slime.
In one aspect, the invention provides a fluidized flotation device suitable for coarse particle recovery, which comprises a flotation column, a first bubble generation unit and a gas-water mixing distribution unit, wherein the first bubble generation unit and the gas-water mixing distribution unit are both arranged below the interior of the flotation column, the gas-water mixing distribution unit is positioned above the first bubble generation unit, and bubbles generated by the first bubble generation unit enter the gas-water mixing distribution unit and are mixed with fluidized water and then enter the top of the flotation column.
Further, the gas-water mixture distribution unit comprises a fluid distribution plate, and the fluid distribution plate is obliquely arranged in the flotation column.
Furthermore, a tailing discharging pipe is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the flotation column, the upper end of the fluid distribution plate is connected with the inner wall of the flotation column, and the lower end of the fluid distribution plate is connected with the upper end of the tailing discharging pipe extending into the flotation column.
Further, the first bubble generation unit comprises a first bubble generation plate, and the first bubble generation plate is annular.
Furthermore, the upper end of the tailing discharging pipe penetrates through the bottom of the flotation column and the center of the first bubble generation plate and is connected with the lower end of the fluid distribution plate.
Furthermore, through holes are uniformly distributed on the first bubble generation plate.
Further, first bubble takes place the board fluid distribution plate with the region between the inner wall of flotation column is the air water mixing chamber or first bubble takes place the board fluid distribution plate the outer wall of pipe is arranged to the tailing with the region between the inner wall of flotation column is the air water mixing chamber.
Further, the area between the first bubble generation plate, the inner wall of the flotation column and the outer wall of the tailing discharging pipe is a high-pressure air chamber.
Further, the device also comprises a water conveying pipe and a first air input pipe, wherein the water conveying pipe is communicated with the air-water mixing chamber, and the first air input pipe is communicated with the high-pressure air chamber.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a fluidized flotation method suitable for coarse particle recovery, which uses the above fluidized flotation apparatus suitable for coarse particle recovery, and includes the steps of:
step 1: inputting air into the high-pressure air chamber through a first air input pipe, and simultaneously injecting fluidizing water containing foaming agents into the air-water mixing chamber through a water conveying pipe;
air in the high-pressure air chamber is dispersed into small bubbles through the first bubble generating plate and forms micro-bubble upwelling, the micro-bubbles enter the air-water mixing chamber and are mixed with the fluidizing water, the fluidizing water and a large number of micro-bubbles form upwelling water flow with high micro-bubble content through the fluid distribution plate above the air-water mixing chamber, and the upwelling water flow with high micro-bubble content uniformly enters the flotation column to form a flow field environment with low turbulence and high phase content;
step 2: after the flotation column is filled with the fluidized water, injecting coarse coal slime into the flotation column;
coarse slime particles in the ore pulp sink along with the ore pulp and collide with rising bubbles in a countercurrent mineralization area, hydrophobic coal particles are adhered with the bubbles to form particle bubble aggregates, and the particle bubble aggregates float upwards and are discharged through a clean coal overflow tank under the dual actions of bubble buoyancy and rising water flow;
and the hydrophilic gangue particles sink to a tailing pre-dehydration area formed by the fluid distribution plate after colliding with the bubbles and are discharged through a tailing discharge pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can realize at least one of the following beneficial effects:
(1) a first air bubble generation unit and an air-water mixing distribution unit are arranged below the inner part of the flotation column, air bubbles generated by the first air bubble generation unit enter the air-water mixing distribution unit to be mixed with fluidized water and then enter the upper part of the flotation column, and through the serial arrangement of the air-water mixing distribution unit and the air bubble generation unit, the independent control of air flow and water flow in the flotation process is realized, and the creation of a flotation flow field environment with low fluid disturbance and high microbubble content is realized; through the flotation flow field environment with low fluid disturbance and high microbubble content, the desorption probability of the coarse coal slime on bubbles is reduced, the stability of particle bubble aggregates is improved, and the efficient separation and recovery of the coarse coal slime are realized.
(2) Multistage bubble generating units are distributed in the flotation column from bottom to top, and the ore pulp in the flotation column is subjected to gradient air intake through the multistage bubble generating units, so that the content of microbubbles in the ore pulp is ensured, the independent control of air flow and water flow in the flotation process is realized, and the construction of a flotation environment which is suitable for coarse flotation and has small fluid disturbance and sufficient microbubble content is realized; through the construction of the flotation environment with small fluid disturbance and sufficient microbubble content, the probability of desorption of coarse coal slime from bubbles is reduced, the phenomenon of coarse coal leakage in flotation is improved, and the efficient separation of the coarse coal slime is realized.
(3) The first annular high-pressure air chamber and the second annular high-pressure air chamber are both in a single ring shape, and compared with the high-pressure air chambers formed by a plurality of rings, the high-pressure air chamber formed by the single ring shape is simple in structure, easy to machine and form, uniform in fluid distribution and beneficial to flotation and recovery of coarse particles.
(4) The bar high-pressure air chamber is perpendicular to the air input pipe, and high-pressure air entering the annular high-pressure air chamber from the air input pipe is prevented from directly entering the bar high-pressure air chamber, so that the air pressure in the bar high-pressure air chamber right opposite to the air input pipe is obviously higher than bubbles, and micro bubbles are not distributed uniformly.
In the invention, the technical schemes can be combined with each other to realize more preferable combination schemes. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fluidized flotation device provided with a single-stage bubble generation unit according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a fluidized flotation apparatus having a plurality of stages of bubble generation units according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second bubble generating unit according to an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 3 in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 3 in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a third bubble generating unit according to an embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 6 in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a sectional view B-B of FIG. 6 in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.
Reference numerals:
1-a feed pipe; 2-a feed distributor; 3-clean coal overflow groove; 4-a flotation column; 5-a fluid distribution plate; 6-water conveying pipe; 7-a gas-water mixing chamber; 8-a first air input pipe; 9-high pressure air chamber; 10-a first bubble generating plate; 11-a tailing discharge pipe;
12-a second bubble generating unit; 13-a third bubble generating unit; 14-a first annular high pressure plenum; 15-a second air input duct; 16-a second bubble-generating plate; 17-a first bar-shaped high-pressure gas chamber; 18-a second annular plenum; 19-a third air input duct; 20-a third bubble-generating plate; 21-second strip-shaped high-pressure air chamber.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and which together with the embodiments of the invention serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit its scope.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the term "connected" is to be understood broadly, and may be, for example, fixed, detachable, or integrally connected, and may be mechanically or electrically connected, and may be directly or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, unless otherwise specifically stated or limited. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The terms "top," "bottom," "above … …," "below," and "on … …" as used throughout the description are relative positions with respect to components of the device, such as the relative positions of the top and bottom substrates inside the device. It will be appreciated that the devices are multifunctional, regardless of their orientation in space.
Example 1
One embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, discloses a fluidized flotation device suitable for coarse particle recovery, which includes a flotation column 4, a first bubble generation unit and a gas-water mixing distribution unit, wherein the first bubble generation unit and the gas-water mixing distribution unit are both arranged below the interior of the flotation column 4, the gas-water mixing distribution unit is located above the first bubble generation unit, and bubbles generated by the first bubble generation unit enter the upper part of the flotation column 4 after being mixed with fluidized water by the gas-water mixing distribution unit.
Compared with the prior art, the fluidized flotation device suitable for coarse particle recovery provided by the embodiment has the advantages that the first air bubble generation unit and the air-water mixing distribution unit are arranged below the inner part of the flotation column, air bubbles generated by the first air bubble generation unit enter the air-water mixing distribution unit to be mixed with fluidized water, and then enter the upper part of the flotation column, and through the serial arrangement of the air-water mixing distribution unit and the air bubble generation unit, the independent control of air flow and water flow in the flotation process is realized, and the creation of a flotation flow field environment with low fluid disturbance and high microbubble content is realized; through the flotation flow field environment with low fluid disturbance and high microbubble content, the desorption probability of the coarse coal slime on bubbles is reduced, the stability of particle bubble aggregates is improved, and the efficient separation and recovery of the coarse coal slime are realized.
The fluidized flotation device further comprises a feeding pipe 1 and a feeding distributor 2, the lower end of the feeding pipe 1 is connected with the feeding distributor 2, the feeding distributor 2 is located in the flotation column 4, coarse coal slime is fed into the flotation column through the feeding pipe 1, and the coarse coal slime is uniformly distributed in the flotation column 4 through the feeding distributor 2.
A tailing discharging pipe 11 is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the flotation column 4, and specifically, one end of the tailing discharging pipe 11 penetrates through the bottom of the flotation column 4 and extends into the flotation column 4.
In this embodiment, the tailing discharging pipe 11 is concentrically arranged with the flotation column 4, so that the tailing is conveniently concentrated and discharged to the middle of the flotation column 4.
The gas-water mixture distribution unit comprises a fluid distribution plate 5, the fluid distribution plate 5 is obliquely arranged in the flotation column 4 and is integrally in a funnel-shaped structure, the upper end of the fluid distribution plate 5 is connected with the inner wall of the flotation column 4, and the lower end of the fluid distribution plate is connected with the upper end of a tailing discharge pipe 11 extending into the flotation column 4.
In this embodiment, the fluid distribution plate 5 is arranged obliquely to facilitate the collection of tailings, and the tailings falling from above the flotation column 4 slide along the inclined surface formed by the fluid distribution plate 5 toward the tailings discharging pipe 11 and are discharged from the tailings discharging pipe 11.
When the inclination angle of the fluid distribution plate 5 is too small, the side surface where the fluid distribution plate 5 is located is too flat, so that discharge is difficult, and tailings are easy to accumulate; when the inclination angle of the fluid distribution plate 5 is too large, the gas-water mixture passing through the fluid distribution plate 5 is difficult to form an environment with small turbulence in the flotation column 4, and is easy to form large turbulence, which is not beneficial to coarse grain flotation. Preferably, the angle between the fluid distribution plate 5 and the horizontal plane is 30-60 °.
The first bubble generation unit comprises a first bubble generation plate 10, the first bubble generation plate 10 is in a circular ring shape, the diameter of a middle through hole is the same as that of the tailing discharging pipe 11, and one end of the tailing discharging pipe 11 penetrates through the bottom of the flotation column 4 and the through hole of the first bubble generation plate 10 to be connected with the lower end of the fluid distribution plate 5.
In order to form micro bubbles, through holes are uniformly distributed on the first bubble generation plate 10, the diameter of each through hole is 5-10 microns, and the size of generated bubbles is more suitable for flotation.
The first bubble generation plate 10 is a microporous ceramic plate, so that the reliability of bubble generation is ensured; the first bubble generation plate 10 is horizontally arranged, so that the flotation column 4 is simple to install and manufacture, and bubbles are ensured to vertically rise in the gas-water mixing chamber 7, and turbulence is avoided.
In order to mix the bubbles formed by the bubble generation unit with the liquid, the area between the first bubble generation plate 10, the fluid distribution plate 5 and the inner wall of the flotation column 4 is the gas-water mixing chamber 7 or the area between the first bubble generation plate 10, the fluid distribution plate 5, the tailing discharging pipe 11 and the inner wall of the flotation column 4 is the gas-water mixing chamber 7. In this embodiment, the top of the first bubble generation plate 10 is flush with the top of the tailing discharging pipe 11, that is, the gas-water mixing chamber 7 is the area enclosed between the first bubble generation plate 10 and the fluid distribution plate 5, and the cross section of the gas-water mixing chamber 7 is two symmetrical right triangles, so that the internal structure of the flotation column 4 is more compact.
In order to enable the air bubble generating unit to generate small air bubbles, the area between the lower part of the first air bubble generating plate 10 and the inner wall of the flotation column 4 and the outer wall of the tailing discharging pipe 11 is a high-pressure air chamber 9, namely, the high-pressure air chamber 9 is annular, and the tailing discharging pipe 11 penetrates through the high-pressure air chamber 9.
Considering the input of the fluidized water and the high-pressure air, the fluidized flotation device also comprises a water conveying pipe 6 and a first air input pipe 8, wherein the water conveying pipe 6 is communicated with the gas-water mixing chamber 7, and the first air input pipe 8 is communicated with the high-pressure air chamber 9. The number of the water conveying pipes 6 and the number of the first air input pipes 8 are multiple, and the water conveying pipes 6 and the first air input pipes 8 are uniformly distributed along the radial direction of the flotation column 4.
The fluidized flotation device also comprises a clean coal overflow trough 3, and the clean coal overflow trough 3 is arranged at the upper end of the flotation column 4 and used for precise recovery.
Further, in order to realize the gradient air intake in the flotation column 4, the fluidized flotation device is provided with a plurality of stages of bubble generation units, as shown in fig. 2, the fluidized flotation device is provided with three stages of bubble generation units, and in addition to the above-mentioned first bubble generation unit, the fluidized flotation device further comprises a second bubble generation unit 12 and a third bubble generation unit 13 which are horizontally arranged, the second bubble generation unit 12 is positioned above the first bubble generation unit, the third bubble generation unit 13 is positioned above the second bubble generation unit 12, and the second bubble generation unit 12 and the third bubble generation unit 13 are both connected with the flotation column 4.
Compared with the prior art, the fluidized flotation device provided by the embodiment has the advantages that the multistage bubble generating units are distributed in the flotation column from bottom to top, and the ore pulp in the flotation column is subjected to gradient air inlet through the multistage bubble generating units, so that the content of microbubbles in the ore pulp is ensured, meanwhile, the independent control of the air flow and the water flow in the flotation process is realized, and the construction of a flotation environment which is suitable for coarse flotation and has small fluid disturbance and sufficient microbubble content is realized; through the construction of the flotation environment with small fluid disturbance and sufficient microbubble content, the probability of desorption of coarse coal slime from bubbles is reduced, the phenomenon of coarse coal leakage in flotation is improved, and the efficient separation of the coarse coal slime is realized.
As shown in fig. 3, the second bubble generation unit 12 includes a first annular high-pressure air chamber 14 and two second air input pipes 15, the first annular high-pressure air chamber 14 is concentrically arranged with the flotation column 4, and the two second air input pipes 15 are symmetrically arranged on the cylindrical surface of the first annular high-pressure air chamber 14 and are communicated with the first annular high-pressure air chamber 14.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the second bubble generation unit 12 further includes a second bubble generation plate 16 and a first bar-shaped high-pressure air chamber 17, the first bar-shaped high-pressure air chamber 17 is a u-shaped structure, and the second bubble generation plate 16 is disposed on the opening side of the first bar-shaped high-pressure air chamber 17, so that the high-pressure air in the first bar-shaped high-pressure air chamber 17 flows out from the second bubble generation plate 16 to form micro-bubbles. The second bubble generation plate 16 is a microporous ceramic plate having a pore size of 5 to 10 μm.
As shown in fig. 3, both ends of the first bar-shaped high-pressure air chamber 17 communicate with the first annular high-pressure air chamber 14, and a plurality of first bar-shaped high-pressure air chambers 17 are provided, and the plurality of first bar-shaped high-pressure air chambers 17 are arranged in parallel. This structure enables the second bubble generating unit 12 to generate a large amount of uniform microbubbles.
It is worth noting that the first strip-shaped high-pressure air chamber 17 is perpendicular to the second air input pipe 15, so that high-pressure air entering the first annular high-pressure air chamber 14 from the second air input pipe 15 is prevented from directly entering the first strip-shaped high-pressure air chamber 17, and further, the air pressure in the first strip-shaped high-pressure air chamber 17 right opposite to the second air input pipe 15 is obviously higher than air bubbles, and micro-bubble distribution is not uniform.
As shown in fig. 6, the third bubble generation unit 13 includes a second annular high-pressure air chamber 18 and two third air input pipes 19, the second annular high-pressure air chamber 18 is concentrically arranged with the flotation column 4, and the third air input pipes 19 are symmetrically arranged on the cylindrical surface of the second annular high-pressure air chamber 18 and are communicated with the second annular high-pressure air chamber 18.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the third bubble generation unit 13 further includes a third bubble generation plate 20 and a second strip-shaped high-pressure air chamber 21, the second strip-shaped high-pressure air chamber 21 has a u-shaped structure, and the third bubble generation plate 20 is disposed on the open side of the second strip-shaped high-pressure air chamber 21, so that the high-pressure air in the second strip-shaped high-pressure air chamber 21 flows out from the third bubble generation plate 20 to form micro-bubbles. The third bubble generation plate 20 is a microporous ceramic plate having a pore size of 5 to 10 μm.
As shown in fig. 6, both ends of the second strip-shaped high-pressure air chamber 21 communicate with the second annular high-pressure air chamber 18, a plurality of second strip-shaped high-pressure air chambers 21 are provided, and the plurality of second strip-shaped high-pressure air chambers 21 are arranged in parallel. This structure enables the third bubble generating unit 13 to generate a large amount of uniform microbubbles.
In this embodiment, the first bubble generation plate 10 is circular ring-shaped, and the second bubble generation plate 16 and the third bubble generation plate 20 are long strip structures, so that under the condition of ensuring sufficient generation of micro bubbles, the coal slurry particles sink from the gaps of the second bubble generation unit 12 and the third bubble generation unit 13, and the high-efficiency recovery of coarse particle coal slurry is facilitated.
It should be noted that the second strip-shaped high-pressure air chamber 21 is perpendicular to the third air input pipe 19, so as to prevent the high-pressure air entering the second annular high-pressure air chamber 18 from the third air input pipe 19 from directly entering the second strip-shaped high-pressure air chamber 21, which results in the air pressure in the second strip-shaped high-pressure air chamber 21 opposite to the third air input pipe 19 being obviously higher than that of the air bubbles, and causing uneven distribution of the micro-bubbles.
In this embodiment, the projection of the first strip-shaped high-pressure air chamber 17 to the horizontal plane of the second strip-shaped high-pressure air chamber 21 may be parallel to or intersect with the second strip-shaped high-pressure air chamber 21. To facilitate the sinking of the coarse coal slurry particles, the first elongated high pressure plenum 17 is preferably parallel to the second elongated high pressure plenum 21.
Because the flotation column 4 is internally provided with the first bubble generating unit, the second bubble generating unit 12 and the third bubble generating unit 13 from bottom to top in sequence, considering that the second bubble generating unit 12 has a part of bubbles generated by the first bubble generating unit, the third bubble generating unit 13 has bubbles generated by the first bubble generating unit and the second bubble generating unit 13, the second bubble generating unit 12 and the third bubble generating unit 13 mainly supplement and share the air input of the first bubble generating unit, when the fluidization flotation device is started, the air flow of each stage of bubble generating unit is as follows: the first bubble generation unit, the second bubble generation unit 12, and the third bubble generation unit 13 are sequentially reduced.
It is noted that the second bubble generation unit 12 and the third bubble generation unit 13 are both located between the clean coal enrichment zone and the tail coal predehydration zone within the flotation column 4. The first annular high-pressure air chamber 14 and the second annular high-pressure air chamber 18 are both in a single annular shape, and for the high-pressure air chambers formed by the multiple annular shapes, the high-pressure air chamber formed by the single annular shape is simple in structure and easy to machine and form, and the high-pressure air chambers formed by the multiple annular shapes are difficult to manufacture and easily cause that the annular air and/or water quantity at the outer side is obviously higher than that at the inner side, so that the fluid is unevenly distributed, and the flotation recovery of coarse particles is not facilitated.
Example 2
In another embodiment of the present invention, a fluidized flotation method suitable for coarse particle recovery is disclosed, and with the fluidized flotation device suitable for coarse particle recovery of embodiment 1, when only one stage of bubble generation unit exists in the flotation column 4, the steps include:
step 1: air is supplied to the high-pressure air chamber 9 through the first air supply pipe 8, and fluidizing water containing a foaming agent is supplied to the air-water mixing chamber 7 through the water supply pipe 6.
The air in the high-pressure air chamber 9 is dispersed into a series of small bubbles through the first bubble generating plate 10 and forms micro bubble upwelling, the small bubbles enter the air-water mixing chamber 7, and the fluidized water and a large number of micro bubbles form upwelling water flow with high micro bubble content through the fluid distribution plate 5 above the air-water mixing chamber 7 and uniformly enter the flotation column 4. Thus, a low turbulence, high phase containing flow field environment is formed within the flotation column 4. It should be noted that the air in the high-pressure air chamber 9 is dispersed into a series of small bubbles through the first bubble generation plate 10 and forms micro-bubble upwelling, and after entering the air-water mixing chamber 7, the bubbles are uniformly dispersed in the vulcanized water, and the air-water integrally presents the property of fluid, so that the flotation environment with small fluid disturbance and sufficient micro-bubble content is favorably formed.
Step 2: after the flotation column 4 is filled with the fluidized water, the coarse coal slime feeding material is injected through the feeding pipe 1, and the coarse coal slime feeding material is uniformly distributed in the flotation column 4 through the feeding distributor 2.
Coarse slime particles in the ore pulp sink along with the ore pulp and collide with rising bubbles in a countercurrent mineralization area, hydrophobic coal particles are adhered with the bubbles to form particle bubble aggregates, and under the dual actions of bubble buoyancy and rising water flow, the coal particles float upwards and are finally discharged through a clean coal overflow tank 3 to form clean coal overflow; if part of the coal particles are not adhered to the bubbles, the coal particles continue to sink, the bubbles on the lower side are distributed more densely, the coal particles continue to collide and adhere to the bubbles, and finally the coal particles become clean coal overflow.
The hydrophilic gangue particles can not be adhered after colliding with the bubbles, and finally sink to a tailing pre-dehydration area formed by the inclined fluid distribution plate 5, the gangue particles are primarily dehydrated, and finally become tailing underflow through a tailing discharge pipe 11.
When a plurality of stages of bubble generation units exist in the flotation column 4, the steps comprise:
step 1: fluidizing water containing a foaming agent is injected into the air-water mixing chamber 7 through the water delivery pipe 6, and air is simultaneously introduced into the stages of bubble generating units (the first bubble generating unit, the second bubble generating unit 12, and the third bubble generating unit 13 in this embodiment) through the first air inlet pipe 8, the second air inlet pipe 15, and the third air inlet pipe 19.
Air in a high-pressure air chamber 9 of the first bubble generation unit forms a first-stage ascending micro-bubble flow through a first bubble generation plate 10, the first-stage ascending micro-bubble flow enters a gas-water mixing chamber 7 to be fully mixed with fluidizing water, and then the fluidizing water and a large number of micro-bubbles form ascending water flow with high micro-bubble content through a fluid distribution plate 5 above the gas-water mixing chamber 7 to uniformly enter the upper part of the flotation column 4.
In the second bubble generation unit 12, air input from the second air input pipe 15 enters the first bar-shaped high-pressure air chamber 17 through the first annular high-pressure air chamber 14, and then is dispersed into uniform micro-bubbles through the second bubble generation plate 16, so that a second-stage ascending micro-bubble flow is formed in the flotation column 4.
In the third bubble generating unit 13, the air input from the third air input pipe 19 enters the second bar-shaped high-pressure air chamber 21 through the second annular high-pressure air chamber 18, and then is dispersed into uniform micro-bubbles through the third bubble generating plate 20, so as to form a third-stage ascending micro-bubble flow in the flotation column 4.
Therefore, a flotation flow field environment with small fluid disturbance and sufficient microbubble content is formed in the flotation column 4 through gradient air inlet of the multi-stage bubble generation unit.
Step 2: after the flotation column 4 is filled with the fluidized water, the coarse coal slime is fed into the flotation column through the feeding pipe 1, and the coarse coal slime is uniformly distributed in the flotation column 4 through the feeding distributor 2.
Under the action of gravity and inertia, coarse coal slime particles sink along with the ore pulp, the ore pulp meets ascending micro bubble flow, collision occurs among particle bubbles, and the hydrophobic coarse coal slime particles are adhered to the surfaces of the bubbles to form particle bubble aggregates; part of the coal particles which are not adhered to the bubbles continuously sink and collide and adhere to the bubbles at the lower side of the flotation column 4 to form particle bubble aggregates; under the combined action of the ascending water flow and the bubble buoyancy, the particle bubble aggregates ascend and are finally discharged through the clean coal overflow launder 3 to become a clean coal product.
The gangue particles in the feeding material can not be adhered after colliding with the bubbles due to the hydrophilic surface property of the gangue particles, and sink to a tailing pre-dehydration area formed by the inclined fluid distribution plate 5, and finally become a tailing product through the tailing discharging pipe 11.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The fluidized flotation device suitable for coarse particle recovery is characterized by comprising a flotation column (4), a first air bubble generating unit and an air-water mixed distribution unit, wherein the first air bubble generating unit and the air-water mixed distribution unit are arranged below the inside of the flotation column (4), the air-water mixed distribution unit is positioned above the first air bubble generating unit, and air bubbles generated by the first air bubble generating unit enter the air-water mixed distribution unit and fluidized water which are mixed and then enter the top of the flotation column (4).
2. Fluidized flotation device suitable for coarse particle recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas-water mixture distribution unit comprises a fluid distribution plate (5), the fluid distribution plate (5) being arranged obliquely in the flotation column (4).
3. The fluidized flotation device suitable for coarse particle recovery according to claim 2, wherein a tailings discharge pipe (11) is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the flotation column (4), the fluid distribution plate (5) is connected with the inner wall of the flotation column (4) at the upper end, and is connected with the upper end of the tailings discharge pipe (11) extending into the flotation column (4) at the lower end.
4. Fluidized flotation device suitable for coarse particle recovery according to claim 3, characterized in that the first bubble generation unit comprises a first bubble generation plate (10), the first bubble generation plate (10) being annular.
5. Fluidized flotation device suitable for coarse particle recovery according to claim 4, characterized in that the upper end of the tailings discharge pipe (11) is connected to the lower end of the fluid distribution plate (5) through the bottom of the flotation column (4), the center of the first bubble generation plate (10).
6. Fluidized flotation device suitable for coarse particle recovery according to claim 4, characterized in that the first gas bubble generation plate (10) has through holes distributed all over it.
7. The fluidized flotation device suitable for coarse particle recovery according to claim 4, wherein the area between the first bubble generation plate (10), the fluid distribution plate (5) and the inner wall of the flotation column (4) is a gas-water mixing chamber (7) or the area between the first bubble generation plate (10), the fluid distribution plate (5), the outer wall of the tailing discharging pipe (11) and the inner wall of the flotation column (4) is a gas-water mixing chamber (7).
8. Fluidized flotation device suitable for coarse particle recovery according to claim 7, characterized in that the area between the first bubble generating plate (10), the inner wall of the flotation column (4) and the outer wall of the tailings discharge pipe (11) is a high pressure air chamber (9).
9. Fluidized flotation device suitable for coarse particle recovery according to claim 8, further comprising a water pipe (6) and a first air input pipe (8), wherein the water pipe (6) is communicated with the gas-water mixing chamber (7), and the first air input pipe (8) is communicated with the high pressure air chamber (9).
10. A fluidized flotation method suitable for coarse particle recovery, characterized in that the fluidized flotation device suitable for coarse particle recovery of the claims 1-9 is adopted, and the steps comprise:
step 1: air is input into a high-pressure air chamber (9) through a first air input pipe (8), and simultaneously fluidizing water containing foaming agents is injected into a gas-water mixing chamber (7) through a water conveying pipe (6);
air in the high-pressure air chamber (9) is dispersed into series of small bubbles through the first bubble generating plate (10) and forms micro-bubble upwelling, the micro-bubble upwelling enters the air-water mixing chamber (7) to be mixed with the fluidized water, the fluidized water and a large number of micro-bubbles form upwelling water flow with high micro-bubble content through the fluid distribution plate (5) above the air-water mixing chamber (7), and the upwelling water flow with high micro-bubble content uniformly enters the flotation column (4) to form a low-turbulence and high-phase-content flow field environment;
step 2: after the flotation column (4) is filled with fluidized water, coarse slime is injected into the flotation column (4) and is fed;
coarse slime particles in the ore pulp sink along with the ore pulp and collide with rising bubbles in a countercurrent mineralization area, hydrophobic coal particles are adhered with the bubbles to form particle bubble aggregates, and the particle bubble aggregates float upwards and are discharged through a clean coal overflow tank (3) under the dual actions of bubble buoyancy and rising water flow;
the hydrophilic gangue particles sink to a tailing pre-dehydration area formed by the fluid distribution plate (5) after colliding with the bubbles and are discharged through a tailing discharge pipe (11).
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