CN110201790B - Sorting and recycling system and sorting and recycling process for wide-size coal slime - Google Patents
Sorting and recycling system and sorting and recycling process for wide-size coal slime Download PDFInfo
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- CN110201790B CN110201790B CN201910542636.1A CN201910542636A CN110201790B CN 110201790 B CN110201790 B CN 110201790B CN 201910542636 A CN201910542636 A CN 201910542636A CN 110201790 B CN110201790 B CN 110201790B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B1/00—Conditioning for facilitating separation by altering physical properties of the matter to be treated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B7/00—Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B03B9/005—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for coal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/02—Froth-flotation processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/14—Flotation machines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/02—Collectors
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Abstract
The invention relates to a wide-size coal slime separation and recovery system and a wide-size coal slime separation and recovery process, belongs to the technical field of coal separation and processing, and solves the problems of complex process flow, high cost, high energy consumption and environmental harm of the wide-size coal slime separation process in the prior art. The separation and recovery system is provided with a stirring barrel, a hydraulic flotation machine, a three-product cyclone classifying screen, an ore pulp preprocessor and a flotation column along a separation pipeline; a first buffer barrel is arranged between the hydraulic flotation machine and the three-product cyclone classifying screen, a second buffer barrel is arranged between the three-product cyclone classifying screen and the ore pulp preprocessor, and the ore pulp preprocessor is connected with the flotation column. The sorting and recycling process comprises the following steps: feeding the float coal slurry into a stirring barrel, stirring and mixing into ore pulp, and feeding the ore pulp into a hydraulic flotation machine; carrying out primary grading; grading coarse-grained concentrate, fine-grained coal slime and fine-grained coal slime; and (4) accurately sorting fine-particle coal slime. The invention realizes the continuous coal slime separation with wide size fraction and short flow.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal sorting and processing, in particular to a sorting and recycling system and a sorting and recycling process for wide-size coal slime.
Background
Coal is used as a main energy source in China, and makes great contribution to national economy and social development. Because the problems of extensive coal utilization mode, low energy efficiency, serious pollution, low comprehensive utilization rate of secondary resources and the like are still not solved, the development of the coal industry in China in the future is further severely restricted by resources and environments. Therefore, by improving the coal sorting level, clean and efficient utilization of coal, energy conservation and emission reduction are realized, and the sustainable development of the coal industry in the new normal state of economic development in China is ensured. The coal sorting processing is the source and the foundation of clean coal technology, and is to remove harmful impurities in coal by mechanical processing or physical chemical methods, improve the quality of coal, and provide qualified products for different users, thereby realizing clean and efficient utilization of coal.
With the rapid development of mechanized coal mining and the application and popularization of the dense medium coal separation technology, the content of coal slime is remarkably increased, and the coal slime has the characteristics of micronization, high ash content, large intergrowth content and the like, so that higher requirements are provided for the separation and recovery of the coal slime. The traditional coal slime treatment process is complex, the coal slime separation and recovery capacity is weak, the adaptability to coal quality fluctuation is poor, the product quality is ensured by sacrificing the treatment capacity, and a large amount of coal slime resources are lost.
The existing coal slime separation process comprises the following steps: 0-2mm floating coal mud is pre-classified by 0.25mm through a hydrocyclone, 0.25-2mm coarse particle coal mud is usually separated through a TBS (TBS) interference bed, and 0-0.25mm fine particle coal mud is recovered through a flotation machine/flotation column. Due to the restriction of the classification efficiency of the hydrocyclone and the low-level restriction of the coal slime separation process, fine slime is often carried in coarse particle coal slime separation, so that a concentrate product is polluted, and the ash content does not reach the standard; coarse-grained concentrate in the flotation of fine-grained coal slime is easy to desorb with bubbles, the phenomenon of coarse leakage is serious, clean coal is lost in tailings, the ash content of tailings is low, the heat generation is high, and coal resources are wasted.
In the face of the contradiction between the current resource situation that the quality of coal is gradually deteriorated and the yield of coal slime is gradually increased and the complex separation process of the coal slime with limited processing capacity, the development of the coal slime separation process with simple process, wide adaptability and strong processing capacity is urgently needed. The process simplifies the coal slime separation process by means of the technical advantages of pre-tailing discarding of a hydraulic flotation machine, fine particle grade classification of a three-product cyclone screen, accurate separation of fine particles by a flotation column and the like, realizes the wide-particle-grade short-flow continuous gradient separation of the coal slime, and avoids the problems of fine slime pollution in the coarse coal slime separation process, coarse particle desorption 'coarse' in the fine coal slime separation process and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a system and a process for separating and recovering coal slime with wide size fraction, so as to solve the problems of complex process, high cost, high energy consumption and environmental damage of the existing process for separating coal slime with wide size fraction.
The purpose of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
on one hand, the invention provides a separation and recovery system of wide-size coal slime, wherein a stirring barrel, a hydraulic flotation machine, a three-product cyclone classifying screen, an ore pulp preprocessor and a flotation column are arranged on a separation pipeline of the separation and recovery system; a first feeding pump is arranged between the stirring barrel and the hydraulic flotation machine; the lower part of the hydraulic flotation machine is of a conical structure, the side edge of the upper part of the conical structure is provided with a fluidization water gap, and the bottom of the hydraulic flotation machine is provided with a bottom flow port; a first buffer barrel is arranged between the hydraulic flotation machine and the three-product cyclone classifying screen, the first buffer barrel is connected with the three-product cyclone classifying screen through a second feeding pump, a second buffer barrel is arranged between the three-product cyclone classifying screen and the ore pulp preprocessor, the second buffer barrel is connected with the ore pulp preprocessor through a third feeding pump, and the ore pulp preprocessor is connected with the flotation column.
Further, a feeding port is arranged at the top of the hydraulic flotation machine and connected with the first feeding pump, and an overflow port is arranged on the side edge of the upper part of the hydraulic flotation machine.
Further, the device also comprises a circulating pump which is connected with a fluidization water gap at the bottom of the hydraulic flotation machine through a microbubble generator.
Furthermore, the lower part of the three-product cyclone classifying screen is of a conical structure.
Further, the three-product cyclone classifying screen is provided with a bottom flow port and an overflow port.
Further, still be equipped with feedway, feedway does the agitator feeds into the coal slime of treating the flotation.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a separation and recovery process of the wide-size coal slime, and the separation and recovery process comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: feeding the float coal slime into a stirring barrel, adding water and a collecting agent into the float coal slime in the stirring barrel, stirring to prepare ore pulp, uniformly mixing, and feeding into a hydraulic flotation machine;
step two: clear water is fed into a fluidization water gap at the bottom of the hydraulic flotation machine through a microbubble generator for primary classification, and coarse-grained concentrate and fine-grained coal slime in ore pulp are discharged from an overflow port of the hydraulic flotation machine and enter a first buffer barrel; coarse gangue particles in the coarse-particle coal slime are discharged from a bottom flow port of the hydraulic flotation machine;
step three: adding water into the first buffer barrel, uniformly stirring, feeding the mixture into a three-product cyclone classifying screen for classification, feeding fine-particle coal slime and fine-particle coal slime into a second buffer barrel, and discharging a coarse-particle concentrate product from a bottom flow port of the three-product cyclone classifying screen;
step four: and the ore pulp in the second buffer barrel is mineralized in advance and then is fed into a flotation column to perform accurate separation of fine-particle coal slime.
Further, in the second step, when the clean water passes through the micro bubble generator, air and the foaming agent are sucked.
Further, the precise separation of the fine-particle coal slime in the fourth step comprises the following specific steps: the fine particle coal slime and bubbles rising in the flotation column form counter flow, fine particle clean coal with good surface hydrophobicity collides with the bubbles and adheres to the bubbles to float upwards, and the fine particle coal slime is collected and discharged from an overflow groove at the upper end of the flotation column; and discharging the fine particle gangue with poor surface hydrophobicity from a underflow port at the bottom of the flotation column.
Further, in the first step, the collecting agent is one or a combination of two of kerosene and diesel oil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
a) according to the wide-size-fraction coal slime separation and recovery system, the hydraulic flotation machine is arranged in advance, gravity separation and flotation technology are combined, continuous and accurate separation of coarse-particle coal slime is achieved, coarse-particle gangue is discharged in advance, the operation flow is shortened, and the system processing capacity is improved; secondly, separation of coarse-grained concentrate and fine-grained coal slime is realized by desliming and grading of a three-product cyclone grading sieve, raw material preparation is carried out for flotation operation, continuity of a coal slime sorting process is guaranteed, and pollution of fine slime to the coal slime sorting process is reduced; by utilizing the separation and recovery system, the fluidized water is provided at the fluidized water gap at the bottom of the hydraulic flotation machine, so that conditions are provided for coarse particle flotation, and the flotation effect is improved; the sorting and recycling system has the advantages of simple structure, low energy consumption, environmental protection and wide application prospect.
b) The separation and recovery process of the wide-size coal slime provided by the invention firstly adopts the hydraulic flotation machine to discharge coarse-particle gangue in advance, shortens the operation flow and improves the system processing capacity; secondly, separation of coarse-grained concentrate and fine-grained coal slime is realized by desliming and grading of a three-product cyclone grading sieve, raw material preparation is carried out for flotation operation, continuity of a coal slime sorting process is guaranteed, and pollution of fine slime to the coal slime sorting process is reduced; the fine-particle coal slime separation and recovery capacity of the flotation column is combined, and the coarse-fine full-particle separation and recovery of the coal slime are realized.
c) The invention adopts a continuous coal slime separation and recovery process with wide particle size fraction and short flow, reduces the transportation path of the coal slime in the system, reduces the mutual abrasion of the coal slime with the pipeline wall and the coal slime in the transportation process, prevents the coal slime from being over-ground, reduces the production investment cost and realizes the high-efficiency separation of the coal slime; the gradient separation of the coal slime effectively relieves the problems of fine slime pollution in the coarse coal slime separation process and coarse particle desorption and coarse particle leakage in the fine coal slime separation process; the separation and recovery process of the wide-size coal slime has the advantages of simple process, low cost, low energy consumption and no harm to the environment.
In the invention, the technical schemes can be combined with each other to realize more preferable combination schemes. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for sorting and recovering coal slime of a medium-and wide-size fraction according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the separation and recovery process in the second embodiment.
Reference numerals:
1-a stirring barrel; 2-a first feed pump; 3-a circulating pump; 4-a microbubble generator; 5-a hydraulic flotation machine; 6-a first buffer bucket; 7-a second feed pump; 8-cyclone classifying screen for the third product; 9-a second buffer bucket; 10-a third feed pump; 11-a pulp pre-processor; 12-a flotation column; a-floating coal slime is filled; b-clear water; c-air; d-coarse tailings; e-coarse concentrate; f, micro-fine particle coal slime; g-fine tailings; h-fine particle concentrate.
Detailed Description
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
Example one
One embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, discloses a separation and recovery system of wide size fraction coal slime, which is provided with a mixing tank 1, a hydraulic flotation machine 5, a three-product cyclone classifying screen 8, an ore pulp pre-processor 11 and a flotation column 12 along a separation pipeline; a first feeding pump 2 is arranged between the stirring barrel 1 and the hydraulic flotation machine 5; the top of the hydraulic flotation machine 5 is provided with a feeding port, the feeding port is connected with the first feeding pump 2, the side edge of the upper part of the hydraulic flotation machine 5 is provided with an overflow port, the lower part of the hydraulic flotation machine 5 is of a conical structure, the side edge of the upper part of the conical structure is provided with a fluidization water port, and the bottom of the hydraulic flotation machine 5 is provided with a underflow port; a first buffer barrel 6 is arranged between the hydraulic flotation machine 5 and the three-product cyclone classifying screen 8, the first buffer barrel 6 is connected with the three-product cyclone classifying screen 8 through a second feeding pump 7, a second buffer barrel 9 is arranged between the three-product cyclone classifying screen 8 and the ore pulp preprocessor 11, the second buffer barrel 9 is connected with the bottom of the ore pulp preprocessor 11 through a third feeding pump 10, and the ore pulp preprocessor 11 is connected with a flotation column 12.
Specifically, the lower part of the hydraulic flotation machine 5 is of a conical structure, the side edge of the upper part of the conical structure is provided with a fluidization water gap, clean water b is fed into the fluidization water gap at the bottom of the hydraulic flotation machine 5 through a circulating pump 3, and a micro-bubble generator 4 is arranged between the circulating pump 3 and the fluidization water gap at the bottom of the hydraulic flotation machine 5. The cone-shaped structure at the lower part of the hydraulic flotation machine 5 can concentrate underflow ore pulp and play a certain dewatering role, during implementation, the ore pulp is fed into the hydraulic flotation machine from the top and is sorted in ascending water flow mixed with bubbles, gangue particles have high density and poor surface hydrophobicity and are not collided and adhered with the bubbles, and further the gangue particles cannot float upwards to overflow under the action of the ascending water flow mixed with the bubbles, and only can sink into the cone-shaped structure at the bottom of the hydraulic flotation machine as underflow, and the ore pulp at the upper part of the cone-shaped structure continuously extrudes the ore pulp at the bottom of the cone under the action of gravity along with the falling and deposition of the; the cross section area is gradually reduced from top to bottom by the design of the conical structure, so that the pressure of the pulp extruded from top to bottom is gradually increased, the moisture in the gaps among particles is reduced, and a certain concentration effect is realized on the underflow.
Specifically, the third feeding pump 10 is connected with the bottom of an ore pulp preprocessor 11, the ore pulp preprocessor is fed from the bottom, is stirred by an internal impeller, is fully stirred and contacted with gas, liquid and solid phases to complete pre-mineralization, and finally flows into a flotation column 12 from the upper part through a pipeline.
Specifically, the lower part of the tri-product cyclone classifying screen 8 is of a conical structure, and the tri-product cyclone classifying screen 8 is provided with a bottom flow port capable of discharging high-density coarse-grain concentrate products and an overflow port capable of discharging low-density fine-grain coal slime.
Concretely, wide size fraction coal slime's separation recovery system still is equipped with feedway, and feedway supplies into for agitator 1 and floats the coal slime.
When the flotation device is implemented, the float coal slime is fed into the stirring barrel 1 by the feeding device, water is added for stirring and slurry mixing, a certain amount of collecting agent is added according to the characteristics of coal quality, and after the slurry is uniformly stirred, the ore pulp is continuously, uniformly and stably conveyed to a feeding port at the upper part of the hydraulic flotation machine 5 by the first feeding pump 2; clean water b is fed into a fluidization water gap at the bottom of a hydraulic flotation machine 5 through a micro-bubble generator 4 under certain pressure through a circulating pump 3, and when the clean water b passes through the micro-bubble generator 4, a negative pressure area with a certain area is formed, so that air c and a certain amount of foaming agent are sucked; after the clean water b is fed into the hydraulic flotation machine 5, air is separated out along with the reduction of pressure and rises from the bottom of the hydraulic flotation machine 5 along with water flow, the coarse-particle coal slime in the ore pulp completes interference sedimentation in the rising fluidized water flow in the hydraulic flotation machine 5, the hydrophobic difference between the surface of coarse-particle concentrate in the coarse-particle coal slime and gangue is improved by adding the collecting agent, the coarse-particle concentrate with good hydrophobic property collides and adsorbs bubbles mixed in the fluidized water, and the hydrophilic gangue is not adsorbed by the bubbles; the apparent density of the coarse-grained concentrate is reduced by the adsorption of the bubbles, the density difference between the coarse-grained concentrate and the gangue is enlarged, and the coarse-grained concentrate can float upwards conveniently; the coarse-grained concentrate and the fine-grained coal slime are discharged from an overflow port of the hydraulic flotation machine 5 along with ascending water flow and enter a first buffer barrel 6; gangue in the coarse particles is taken as coarse-grained tailings d to sink to the bottom of the hydraulic flotation machine 5, discharged through a bottom flow port of the hydraulic flotation machine 5 and conveyed to a thickener through a pipeline for subsequent dehydration operation. By adopting the hydraulic flotation machine 5 and combining gravity separation and flotation technologies, tailing products are discharged through a bottom flow port of the hydraulic flotation machine 5, flotation concentrate is collected through an overflow port of the hydraulic flotation machine 5, so that continuous and accurate separation of coarse-particle coal slime is realized, coarse-particle gangue is discharged in advance, the operation flow is shortened, and the system processing capacity is improved.
Proper amount of water is added into the first buffer barrel 6, after the water is uniformly stirred, the water is fed into the three-product cyclone classifying screen 8 along the tangential direction through the second feeding pump 7, and ore pulp forms cyclone downward movement in the three-product cyclone classifying screen 8. The ore pulp moving downwards is cut by the screen bars on the side wall of the three-product cyclone classifying screen 8, fine-particle coal slime f smaller than the screen holes in the ore pulp is discharged through the screen holes, and coarse-particle concentrate on the screen continuously moves downwards along with the ore pulp to form an outer cyclone and is discharged from a bottom flow port of the three-product cyclone classifying screen 8 as coarse-particle concentrate e; the screened fine coal slime moves to a conical section along with the ore pulp, gradually breaks away from an outer rotational flow along with the gradual increase of the resistance to the fine coal slime to form an inner rotational flow from bottom to top, is discharged from an overflow port with a screen mesh of a three-product rotational flow classifying screen 8, and enters a second buffer barrel 9 together with the fine coal slime f, so that the fine coal slime can be subjected to shunt regulation when the ash content of the fine coal slime is high, the granularity is small, the selectivity is poor and the field work load is large, and the product quality is improved; by means of desliming and grading of the tri-product cyclone screen, separation of coarse-grained concentrate and fine-grained coal slime is achieved, raw material preparation is carried out for flotation operation, continuity of a coal slime sorting process is guaranteed, and pollution of fine slime to the coal slime sorting process is reduced.
The ore pulp in the second buffer barrel 9 is added with a proper amount of water, after being uniformly stirred, the ore pulp is continuously, uniformly and stably fed into an ore pulp preprocessor 11 by a third feeding pump 10, the ore pulp is added with the chemicals and stirred in the ore pulp preprocessor 11 to complete pre-mineralization, and then the ore pulp is uniformly fed into a flotation column 12 to perform accurate separation of fine-particle coal slime.
Compared with the prior art, the wide-size coal slime separation and recovery system provided by the embodiment combines the gravity separation technology and the flotation technology by presetting the hydraulic flotation machine, so that the coarse-particle coal slime is continuously and accurately separated, gangue is discharged in advance, the operation flow is shortened, and the system processing capacity is improved; secondly, separation of coarse-grained concentrate and fine-grained coal slime is realized by desliming and grading of a three-product cyclone grading sieve, raw material preparation is carried out for flotation operation, continuity of a coal slime sorting process is guaranteed, and pollution of fine slime to the coal slime sorting process is reduced; by utilizing the separation and recovery system provided by the embodiment, the fluidized water is provided at the fluidized water gap at the bottom of the hydraulic flotation machine, so that conditions are provided for coarse particle flotation, and the flotation effect is improved. The sorting and recycling system has the advantages of simple structure, low energy consumption, environmental protection and wide application prospect.
Example two
One specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, discloses a separation and recovery process of wide size fraction coal slurry, which adopts the apparatus provided in embodiment 1, for example, and the separation and recovery process includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: feeding the floating coal slime a into a stirring barrel, adding water and a collecting agent into the floating coal slime a in the stirring barrel, stirring to prepare ore pulp, uniformly mixing, and continuously, uniformly and stably feeding the ore pulp into a hydraulic flotation machine through a first feeding pump;
preferably, the concentration of the ore pulp in the step one is 400-600 g/L. The concentration of the ore pulp is too low, the treatment capacity is too low, the consumption of the medicament is large, and the production cost is high; the ore pulp concentration is too high, and the resistance between the granule also increases, is unfavorable for disturbing going on of subsiding, and low density cleaned coal is easily sneaked into to high density waste rock granule, and then increases the cleaned coal ash content, worsens the separation effect. Therefore, the concentration of the ore pulp is determined to be 400-600g/L, such as 500 g/L.
Preferably, the collecting agent in the step one is one or a combination of more of kerosene, diesel oil or other collecting agents for coal preparation, the collecting agent can improve the hydrophobicity difference between the clean coal surface and gangue in the coarse particle material, the collecting agent is adsorbed on the coal surface to improve the hydrophobicity of the coal surface, and bubbles are easily adsorbed on the clean coal surface with good hydrophobicity, so that the premise is provided for coarse particle separation.
Step two: clean water b is fed into a fluidization water gap at the bottom of the hydraulic flotation machine through a micro-bubble generator under certain pressure by a circulating pump, and when the clean water b passes through the micro-bubble generator, a negative pressure area of a certain area is formed, so that air c and a certain amount of foaming agent are sucked; coarse-particle coal slime in the ore pulp is subjected to interference sedimentation in a hydraulic flotation machine, and coarse-particle concentrate and fine-particle coal slime are discharged from an overflow port of the hydraulic flotation machine and enter a first buffer barrel; and (4) sinking gangue coarse particles in the coarse-particle coal slime into the bottom of the hydraulic flotation machine as coarse-particle tailings d, and discharging the gangue coarse particles through a bottom flow port of the hydraulic flotation machine.
Specifically, the foaming agent in the step two is one or a combination of more of secondary octanol, MIBC or other types of surfactants, and the foaming agent can reduce the interfacial tension of bubbles and is beneficial to the formation of micro-bubbles; the stability of the bubbles is improved, the combination of the bubbles is reduced, the dispersion of the bubbles is facilitated, and the gas content is increased. The microbubbles and the coarse-grained concentrate are selectively adsorbed, the apparent density of the coarse-grained concentrate is reduced, the difference of the apparent density between the coarse-grained concentrate and the coarse gangue particles is increased, and the separation effect is improved.
Specifically, the amount of the foaming agent in the second step is 200-550g/t, such as 200 g/t; when the amount of the foaming agent is too small, the stability of bubbles is poor, the gas content is low, the bubbles are easy to merge, large bubbles are not beneficial to carrying coarse-grained concentrate to float upwards, the desorption phenomenon is serious, and the separation efficiency is low; when the amount of foaming agent is too much, the foam volume is too big, and the gas holdup is too high, and the bubble adheres to the selectivity poor and do not have sufficient space and lets the particle subside, and a large amount of waste rock particles are carried by the foam and are got into the overflow, increase the overflow ash content, and the stability of bubble is too strong, and defoaming process is difficult, is unfavorable for pipeline transportation and follow-up dehydration operation, and the extravagant cost, and economic nature is not high.
Specifically, the coarse-grained concentrate with good hydrophobicity in the step two collides with bubbles in the fluidized water for adsorption, hydrophilic coarse-grained gangue is not adsorbed with the bubbles, the apparent density of the coarse-grained concentrate is reduced by the adsorption of the bubbles, the density difference between the coarse-grained concentrate and the gangue is enlarged, and the coarse-grained concentrate can float upwards conveniently; discharging coarse-grained concentrate and fine-grained coal slime from an overflow port of the hydraulic flotation machine along with ascending water flow, and feeding the coarse-grained concentrate and the fine-grained coal slime into a first buffer barrel; and (4) sinking gangue coarse particles in the coarse particles as coarse tailings d into the bottom of the hydraulic flotation machine, and discharging the gangue coarse particles through a bottom flow port of the hydraulic flotation machine.
Specifically, the particle size of the coarse tailings d is 0.5-2 mm.
Step three: adding water into the first buffer barrel, uniformly stirring, continuously, uniformly and stably feeding the mixture into a three-product cyclone classifying screen at a certain pressure through a second feeding pump along the tangential direction for classification, and forming cyclone downward movement of ore pulp in the three-product cyclone classifying screen; the ore pulp moving downwards is subjected to the cutting action of the sieve bars on the side wall of the three-product cyclone classification sieve, and the fine-particle coal slime f smaller than the sieve pores in the ore pulp is discharged through the sieve pores; the coarse-grained coal slime on the screen continuously moves downwards along with the ore pulp to form an external rotational flow and is discharged from a bottom flow port of the three-product rotational flow classifying screen as coarse-grained concentrate e; the fine coal slime on the screen moves to a conical section at the lower part of the three-product cyclone classifying screen along with the ore pulp, gradually breaks away from an outer cyclone along with the gradual increase of the resistance to the slurry to form an inner cyclone from bottom to top, is discharged from an overflow port with a screen of the three-product cyclone classifying screen, and enters a second buffer barrel together with the fine coal slime f under the screen.
Specifically, in the third step, the particle size of the fine-particle coal slime f is less than 0.045mm, the particle size of the coarse-particle concentrate e is 0.5-2mm, and the particle size of the fine-particle coal slime is more than or equal to 0.045mm and less than 0.5 mm.
Specifically, the size of a valve on the fine-particle coal slurry f pipeline can be adjusted according to the actual production condition on site in the third step, the amount of the fine-particle coal slurry entering the second buffer barrel is controlled, and the flexibility and stability of the system are improved.
Step four: the ore pulp in the second buffer barrel is added with a proper amount of water and is continuously, uniformly and stably fed into the ore pulp preprocessor by a third feeding pump after being uniformly stirred, the ore pulp is added with the chemicals and stirred in the ore pulp preprocessor to complete pre-mineralization, and then is uniformly fed into the flotation column to perform accurate separation of fine-particle coal slime.
Specifically, after the pulp in the fourth step is added with water and stirred uniformly, the pulp concentration is controlled to be 60-120g/L, such as 80 g/L; the components of the medicine are collecting agent and foaming agent.
Step five: the fine particle coal slime and bubbles rising in the flotation column form counter flow, fine particle clean coal with good surface hydrophobicity is easy to collide and adhere with the bubbles to float upwards, and the fine particle coal slime is collected and discharged from an overflow groove at the upper end of the flotation column as fine particle concentrate h; and fine particle gangue with poor surface hydrophobicity is not collided and adhered with bubbles, sinks to the bottom of the flotation column and is discharged from a bottom flow port at the bottom of the flotation column as fine particle tailings g.
Compared with the prior art, the separation and recovery process of the wide-size coal slime provided by the embodiment has the advantages that the coal slime is accurately separated by the hydraulic flotation machine, coarse-particle gangue is discharged in advance, the operation flow is shortened, and the system processing capacity is improved; secondly, separation of coarse-grained concentrate and fine-grained coal slime is realized by desliming and grading of a three-product cyclone grading sieve, raw material preparation is carried out for flotation operation, continuity of a coal slime sorting process is guaranteed, and pollution of fine slime to the coal slime sorting process is reduced; the fine-particle coal slime is separated and recovered from coarse to fine full-particle fractions by combining the accurate separation and recovery capacity of a flotation column; the continuous coal slime separation process with wide particle size fraction and short flow is beneficial to improving the system throughput, reducing the transport path of the coal slime in the system, reducing the mutual abrasion of the coal slime with the pipeline wall and the coal slime in the transport process, preventing the coal slime from being over-ground, reducing the production investment cost and realizing the high-efficiency separation of the coal slime; the gradient separation of the coal slime effectively relieves the problems of fine slime pollution in the coarse coal slime separation process and coarse particle desorption and coarse particle leakage in the fine coal slime separation process; the separation and recovery process of the wide-size coal slime has the advantages of simple process, low cost, low energy consumption and no harm to the environment.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A separation and recovery system for wide-size coal slime is characterized by comprising a stirring barrel (1), a hydraulic flotation machine (5), a three-product cyclone classifying screen (8), an ore pulp preprocessor (11) and a flotation column (12) which are arranged along a separation pipeline; a first feeding pump (2) is arranged between the stirring barrel (1) and the hydraulic flotation machine (5);
the lower part of the hydraulic flotation machine (5) is of a conical structure, the side edge of the upper part of the conical structure is provided with a fluidization water gap, and the bottom of the hydraulic flotation machine (5) is provided with a bottom flow port; be equipped with first buffering bucket (6) between hydraulic flotation machine (5) and three product cyclone classifying screen (8), first buffering bucket (6) are connected with three product cyclone classifying screen (8) through second feed pump (7), be equipped with second buffering bucket (9) between three product cyclone classifying screen (8) and ore pulp preprocessor (11), second buffering bucket (9) are connected with ore pulp preprocessor (11) through third feed pump (10), ore pulp preprocessor (11) are connected with flotation column (12).
2. The sorting recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that the top of the hydro flotation machine (5) is provided with a feed inlet, the feed inlet is connected with the first feed pump (2), and the upper side of the hydro flotation machine (5) is provided with an overflow outlet.
3. The sorting recovery system according to claim 2, further comprising a circulation pump (3), the circulation pump (3) being connected to the fluidization water gap of the hydro flotation machine (5) through the micro bubble generator (4).
4. The sorting recovery system of claim 1, wherein the lower portion of the tri-product cyclone classifying screen (8) is of a conical configuration.
5. The sorting recovery system of claim 4, wherein the three product cyclone classifying screen (8) is provided with a underflow opening and an overflow opening.
6. The separation and recovery system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a feeding device for feeding the mixing tank (1) with the coal slurry to be floated.
7. A separation and recovery process of wide-size coal slime, which is characterized in that the separation and recovery system of claim 3 is adopted, and the separation and recovery process comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: feeding the float coal slime into a stirring barrel, adding water and a collecting agent into the float coal slime in the stirring barrel, stirring to prepare ore pulp, and feeding the ore pulp into a hydraulic flotation machine;
step two: clear water is fed into a fluidization water gap of a hydraulic flotation machine through a microbubble generator for primary classification, and coarse-grained concentrate and fine-grained coal slime in ore pulp are discharged from an overflow port of the hydraulic flotation machine and enter a first buffer barrel; discharging coarse gangue in the ore pulp through a bottom flow port of the hydraulic flotation machine;
step three: adding water into the first buffer barrel, uniformly stirring, feeding the mixture into a three-product cyclone classifying screen for classification, feeding fine-particle coal slime and fine-particle coal slime into a second buffer barrel, and discharging a coarse-particle concentrate product from a bottom flow port of the three-product cyclone classifying screen;
step four: and the ore pulp in the second buffer barrel is mineralized in advance and then is fed into a flotation column to perform accurate separation of fine-particle coal slime.
8. The sorting recovery process of claim 7, wherein in the second step, the clean water is sucked into the air and the foaming agent while passing through the micro bubble generator.
9. The separation and recovery process of claim 8, wherein the step four comprises the following steps of fine coal slurry separation: the fine particle coal slime and bubbles rising in the flotation column form counter flow, fine particle clean coal with good surface hydrophobicity collides with the bubbles and adheres to the bubbles to float upwards, and the fine particle coal slime is collected and discharged from an overflow groove at the upper end of the flotation column; and discharging the fine particle gangue with poor surface hydrophobicity from a underflow port at the bottom of the flotation column.
10. The separation and recovery process of any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein in the first step, the collector is one or two of kerosene and diesel oil.
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| CN201910542636.1A CN110201790B (en) | 2019-06-21 | 2019-06-21 | Sorting and recycling system and sorting and recycling process for wide-size coal slime |
| PCT/CN2019/106974 WO2020252960A1 (en) | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-20 | Sorting and recycling system and sorting and recycling process for coarse-grained coal slurry |
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| CN110201790B (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2020-06-16 | 中国矿业大学 | Sorting and recycling system and sorting and recycling process for wide-size coal slime |
| CN112973951B (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2024-05-17 | 南京宝地梅山产城发展有限公司 | Technological method for improving precision of desulfurized iron rough concentrate |
| CN111375483B (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2021-02-19 | 中国矿业大学 | Separation system and separation process for coal slime recovery |
| CN112934471A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2021-06-11 | 乌海市广源洗煤有限责任公司 | Flotation process for coal difficult to separate and extremely difficult to separate |
| CN113522492B (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2023-11-28 | 西安一泥科技有限公司 | Hydraulic coal slime crushing pulping machine |
| CN114522798A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-05-24 | 淮北矿业股份有限公司 | Separation process for ultrafine high-ash coal slime difficult to separate |
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| US4552651A (en) * | 1983-11-14 | 1985-11-12 | Conoco Inc. | Control of froth cell performance through the use of differential bubbler tubes |
| US5236596A (en) * | 1987-10-22 | 1993-08-17 | Greenwald Sr Edward H | Method and apparatus for dewatering |
| CN101402063B (en) * | 2008-11-04 | 2011-06-29 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Coarse slime interference bed separation equipment based on gravity force and interfacial force, method and uses thereof |
| CN101502818A (en) * | 2009-03-05 | 2009-08-12 | 煤炭科学研究总院唐山研究院 | Integrated device for hydraulic classification and sorting of coarse slime as well as classification and sorting system |
| CN102728455B (en) * | 2012-07-09 | 2013-08-21 | 中国矿业大学 | Combined separation process for gravity concentration and flotation of difficult separation coal slime with high intermediate density material content |
| CN103657839B (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2015-12-09 | 中国矿业大学 | Gas-liquid-solid three-phase fluid bed separator and method for separating thereof |
| CN105797831B (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2018-03-09 | 中国矿业大学 | Technique is selected in the dissociation of coal again in a kind of coking end |
| CN105728156B (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2018-02-02 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of preparation technology of super clean coal |
| CN106669961A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2017-05-17 | 中国矿业大学 | Process for recycling fine coal from middlings |
| CN206152958U (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2017-05-10 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | TBS tail coal selects separately system |
| CN108525845A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-09-14 | 威海市海王旋流器有限公司 | A kind of technique of efficient separation coal slime |
| CN109731697B (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-12-13 | 中国矿业大学 | Wide-size-fraction flotation system and process |
| CN110201790B (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2020-06-16 | 中国矿业大学 | Sorting and recycling system and sorting and recycling process for wide-size coal slime |
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