CN114711233A - 一种用于防治蜂螨的缓释剂 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于防治蜂螨的缓释剂，一其成分为：88％甲酸、海藻酸丙二醇酯、丙三醇、羧甲纤维素钠和甘油，各组分的添加量(按重量计)为：88％浓度甲酸4.5‑5份、海藻酸丙二醇酯1‑1.4份、丙三醇1.6‑1.8份、甘油1‑1.2份、羧甲纤维素钠1‑1.3份，丙三醇和甘油与甲酸能够形成分子间氢键进而减缓了甲酸的挥发速度，有效的保证了蜂箱内药物浓度的稳定，提高了蜂螨的杀灭效果，并且使用方便，大大降低了劳动强度，提高了劳动效率。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及蜜蜂养殖技术，尤其涉及一种用于防治蜂螨的缓释剂。
背景技术
蜂蜜就有良好的药用和营养价值，蜜蜂养殖具有悠久的发展历史。在蜜蜂养殖过程中蜂螨的。一直以来，蜜蜂的外寄生螨始终是世界养蜂业中最主要的危害之一，每年我国养蜂业仅蜂螨造成的直接损失就达到几个亿，而因用药造成的蜂产品污染等间接损失更是不可估量，目前养蜂生产上防治大蜂螨的方式主要为甲酸的混合液在蜂脾上喷洒或涂刷的方式进行，现在的蜂箱一般为双箱体分为两层，每一层可放置六张蜂脾，一个较大的养殖场可养殖一百多箱蜜蜂，由此可见要完成整个养殖场的蜂螨治理工作需要花费大量的时间，而且甲酸的挥发和洒落会对操作者造成极大的安全隐患，接触后可引起结膜炎，眼脸水肿，鼻炎，支气管炎，重者可引起急性化学性肺炎。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于防治蜂螨的缓释剂，以解决上述背景技术中提出的使用甲酸防治蜂螨时劳动强度高、危险性大的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种用于防治蜂螨的缓释剂，其成分为：88％甲酸、海藻酸丙二醇酯、丙三醇、羧甲纤维素钠和甘油，各组分的添加量(按重量计)为：88％浓度甲酸4.5-5份、海藻酸丙二醇酯1-1.4份、丙三醇1.6-1.8份、甘油1-1.2份、羧甲纤维素钠1-1.3份。
更进一步的，所述的一种用于防治蜂螨的缓释剂还包括硬脂酸钠，各组分的添加量(按重量计)为：88％浓度甲酸4.5-5份、海藻酸丙二醇酯1-1.4份、丙三醇1.6-1.8份、甘油1-1.2份、羧甲纤维素钠1-1.3份、硬脂酸钠0.2份。
本发明的有益效果是：
1、本发明中不含有对人体有害的化学药物，且由于药物之间的相互作用，使甲酸的挥发速度稳定，有效的保证了蜂箱内药物浓度的稳定，提高了蜂螨的杀灭效果。
2、本发明使用方便，大大降低了劳动强度，提高了劳动效率。
3、本发明制作过程简单、不需要专业设备适用面广。
附图说明
图1为本发明提出的一种用于防治蜂螨的缓释剂的挥发速率测试表。
图2为本发明提出的一种用于防治蜂螨的缓释剂的落螨率测试表。
具体实施方式
本发明可以通过以下方法来实现：
本发明的的制作方法是：将88％浓度的甲酸、海藻酸丙二醇酯、丙三醇、羧甲纤维素钠、表面活性剂和甘油混合使混合物呈现白色糊状物，而后装入缓释袋中，丙三醇和甘油与甲酸能够形成分子间氢键进而减缓了甲酸的挥发速度；海藻酸丙二醇酯和羧甲基纤维素钠为增稠剂使混合物装入缓释袋后保持一定的物理状态防止外溢；表面活性剂使甲酸与增稠剂更好的均匀混合。
缓释袋的一面为无纺布，一面为无色透明的塑料薄膜用手压封口机连结而成。无纺布有良好的透气效果，保证甲酸一天的挥发量，无色透明塑料薄膜有良好的密封效果，使甲酸不会过量挥发且有保湿的作用。
本发明的使用方法是：将装有药物的缓释袋放置在蜂脾上，使其在蜂巢内自然挥发，七天后再放入一袋，十四天后一个疗程结束。
本发明中涉及的混合，是指用机械的或流体动力的方法，使两种或多种物料相互分散而达到一定均匀程度的单元操作，可采取搅拌、滴加等方式实现，以下结合实施例对发明做进一步说明：
实施例1：本发明各成份的的添加量(按重量计)为：88％浓度甲酸4.6份、海藻酸丙二醇酯1.3份、丙三醇1.6份、甘油1份、羧甲纤维素钠1.1份、硬脂酸钠0.2份。
实施例2：本发明各成份的的添加量(按重量计)为：88％浓度甲酸4.8份、海藻酸丙二醇酯1.2份、丙三醇1.7份、甘油1.1份、羧甲纤维素钠1份。
实施例3：本发明各成份的的添加量(按重量计)为：88％浓度甲酸4.9份、丙三醇1.7份、甘油1.1份、海藻酸丙二醇酯1.1份、羧甲纤维素钠1.2份、硬脂酸钠0.2份。
实施例4：本发明各成份的的添加量(按重量计)为：88％浓度甲酸5份、丙三醇1.8份、甘油1.2份、海藻酸丙二醇酯1份、羧甲纤维素钠1.3份。
蜂螨防治效果实验：
1、实验方法：采用本发明方案、无甲酸方案和无甘油方案进行产品挥发和落螨率测试，通过定期收集被实验药物的重量和被药物杀死的蜂螨的数量，以及用药结束后将蜂螨全部杀死并收集的残余蜂螨数量。以此统计药物各个时期的挥发速率和落螨率。
2、实验结果：见说明书附图。
3、实验结论：
本发明药剂缓释性能好而且蜂螨杀死率达90％，基本可以达到同类药物的防治效果，完全可以满足蜂群的寄生螨防治需求。
以上，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种用于防治蜂螨的缓释剂，其特征在于：由下述原料按重量比配置而成：88％浓度甲酸4.5-5份、海藻酸丙二醇酯1-1.4份、丙三醇1.6-1.8份、甘油1-1.2份、羧甲纤维素钠1-1.3份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于防治蜂螨的缓释剂，其特征在于：在上述原料配比的基础上增加硬脂酸钠0.2份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于防治蜂螨的缓释剂，其特征在于：由下述原料按重量比配制成：88％浓度甲酸4.8份、海藻酸丙二醇酯1.2份、丙三醇1.7份、甘油1.1份、羧甲纤维素钠1份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于防治蜂螨的缓释剂，其特征在于：由下述原料按重量比配制成：88％浓度甲酸5份、丙三醇1.8份、甘油1.2份、海藻酸丙二醇酯1份、羧甲纤维素钠1.3份。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种用于防治蜂螨的缓释剂，其特征在于：由下述原料按重量比配制成：88％浓度甲酸4.6份、海藻酸丙二醇酯1.3份、丙三醇1.6份、甘油1份、羧甲纤维素钠1.1份、硬脂酸钠0.2份。
6.根据权利要求2所述的一种用于防治蜂螨的缓释剂，其特征在于：由下述原料按重量比配制成：88％浓度甲酸4.9份、丙三醇1.7份、甘油1.1份、海藻酸丙二醇酯1.1份、羧甲纤维素钠1.2份、硬脂酸钠0.2份。
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| Title |
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| 汤兆铮: "《杂粮主食品及其加工新技术》", 31 December 2001, 中国农业出版社, pages: 100 * |
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