CN114709708A - Optical frequency comb repetition frequency locking method based on temperature control and piezoelectric ceramics - Google Patents
Optical frequency comb repetition frequency locking method based on temperature control and piezoelectric ceramics Download PDFInfo
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- CN114709708A CN114709708A CN202210215550.XA CN202210215550A CN114709708A CN 114709708 A CN114709708 A CN 114709708A CN 202210215550 A CN202210215550 A CN 202210215550A CN 114709708 A CN114709708 A CN 114709708A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/13—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude
- H01S3/1305—Feedback control systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/11—Mode locking; Q-switching; Other giant-pulse techniques, e.g. cavity dumping
- H01S3/1106—Mode locking
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/13—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude
- H01S3/131—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude by controlling the active medium, e.g. by controlling the processes or apparatus for excitation
- H01S3/1317—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude by controlling the active medium, e.g. by controlling the processes or apparatus for excitation by controlling the temperature
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optical frequency comb repetition frequency locking method based on temperature control and piezoelectric ceramics, which comprises the following steps: 1) the reference frequency signal and an optical frequency comb output by the mode-locked laser are connected into a frequency error signal generating module, and the difference between the repetition frequency of the optical frequency comb and the reference frequency is obtained and is used as an error signal to be input into a high-speed servo control module; 2) the high-speed servo control module generates a feedback control signal according to the input error signal and inputs the feedback control signal to the voltage control module; 3) the voltage control module generates a target voltage signal according to the feedback control signal and respectively inputs the target voltage signal into the piezoelectric ceramic in the mode-locked laser and the low-speed servo feedback control module to dynamically adjust the repetition frequency; 4) the low-speed servo feedback control module calculates the temperature regulating quantity of the optical fiber in the resonant cavity according to the target voltage signal and the current regulating and controlling voltage value of the piezoelectric ceramic controller; and the temperature controller regulates and controls the temperature of the optical fiber in the resonant cavity according to the optical fiber temperature regulating quantity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of time frequency transmission and measurement in information science, in particular to an optical frequency comb repetition frequency locking method based on temperature control and piezoelectric ceramics.
Background
The optical frequency comb is a mode-locked laser with stable frequency and phase, which results from the pursuit of more accurate time reference and high-precision measurement technology on the basis of the time reference. The optical frequency comb is based on a mode-locked laser or a micro-resonant cavity and a semiconductor technology, and can generate a laser pulse sequence with stable period and the frequency of dozens of megahertz to hundreds of gigahertz. Besides being applied to the high-precision measurement fields of timing, astronomy, cosmology, distance measurement and the like, the device also has mature commercial application.
By way of example, in recent years, with the rapid development of atomic clock technology, the definition of time by human beings is more and more precise, and a powerful measuring means is provided for some basic physical researches. In order to effectively transmit these precise time frequency signals under the condition of ensuring the precision thereof, a frequency reference needs to be loaded on a laser, and the frequency reference needs to be transmitted by using a transmission means such as a space optical path or an optical fiber optical path, wherein one method is loaded on an optical frequency comb. Compared with other methods (loading on optical frequency or modulating continuous laser by radio frequency), the method has the advantages of high signal-to-noise ratio, simultaneous transmission of multiple radio frequencies and optical frequencies and the like by using the optical frequency comb as a medium.
In order to load a frequency reference on the optical frequency comb, a conventional method is to use a feedback control circuit to control piezoelectric ceramics (PZT) to change the cavity length under the condition of certain control temperature, so as to lock the repetition frequency of the optical frequency comb on a reference source. The lock-in range is limited due to the limited applied voltage range of PZT (typically positive voltage, and less than hundreds of volts). If the environmental temperature changes violently, even if the mode-locked laser is subjected to temperature control, the residual influence is enough to cause the repetition frequency to drift out of the PZT control range, so that the laser cannot be locked for a long time. In addition, the PZT voltage-stretching response curve is non-linear in the interval of 0 to hundred volts, and large range variation in this interval can cause instability of PID feedback, thereby affecting the quality of signal loading.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an optical frequency comb repetition frequency locking method based on temperature control and piezoelectric ceramics. And (3) dynamically adjusting the temperature control set value according to the voltage of the PZT by utilizing a computing device, so that the PZT and the temperature control set value work cooperatively to realize the long-time locking of the optical frequency comb.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
an optical frequency comb locking method based on temperature control and piezoelectric ceramics comprises the following steps:
1) and the reference frequency signal and the output signal of the optical frequency comb to be locked are accessed into a frequency error signal generation module to obtain the difference between the optical frequency comb repetition frequency signal output by the mode-locked laser and the reference frequency, namely the error signal input of the servo module.
2) The error signal is used as the error input of the high-speed servo control module to carry out feedback control. The output of the laser is amplified by a voltage control module, and the piezoelectric ceramics (PZT) in the mode-locked laser is controlled to adjust the spatial optical path, so that the optical comb repetition frequency is dynamically adjusted.
3) Because the output of the voltage control module and the voltage applied by the PZT have certain limits, the feedback system can only adjust the repetition frequency of the optical comb within a small range. Since the length of the optical fiber is affected by temperature, the optical path length of the optical fiber part in the resonant cavity of the mode-locked laser can be changed by controlling the temperature so as to slowly adjust the repetition frequency of the optical comb.
4) The output of the voltage control module is then used as the input to the low speed servo feedback control module. In the low-speed servo feedback control module, a target voltage needs to be set, namely the target voltage output by the voltage control module, and the feedback is started
Previously, the temperature controlled bias temperature is set to the current temperature. The set temperature for starting feedback control temperature control has the function of adjusting the set temperature of temperature control when the voltage applied by the PZT deviates from the set target voltage, so that the PZT voltage is kept constant within a certain range on the basis of ensuring frequency locking. And the low-speed servo feedback control module calculates the optical fiber temperature regulating quantity in the resonant cavity of the mode-locked laser according to the target voltage signal and the current regulating and controlling voltage value of the piezoelectric ceramic controller.
5) By using the structure, the output voltage of the voltage control module is stabilized near a certain set value through slow feedback adjustment temperature control, the set range cannot be drifted out, and long-time locking of the repetition frequency of the optical comb laser is realized.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
in order to ensure the locking bandwidth, the PZT is generally used for feedback locking of the optical comb, but the range of the applied voltage of the PZT is limited, and the PZT breaks down to lose the function when the applied voltage exceeds the range, so the locking range of the scheme of using the PZT for feedback locking is very limited; in addition, the PZT applied voltage does not change linearly in expansion and contraction, which also affects the locking result. The laser temperature is generally fixed at a specific temperature by matching with an independent temperature control, and the laser is locked in a matching way. But the existing high-quality temperature control can not ensure that the frequency drift is within the PZT locking range. The invention carries out cooperative control by using PZT and temperature control, greatly increases the range of optical frequency comb repetition frequency locking, and realizes long-time locking; meanwhile, the working voltage of the PZT is stabilized near a certain specific value by slowly changing the set value of the temperature control, the locking result of the PID is not influenced by the nonlinearity of the PZT response curve, and the quality of loading the reference frequency signal on the optical frequency comb is improved.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned and other features and advantages of the invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an optical frequency comb repetition frequency locking method based on temperature control and piezoelectric ceramics, which includes the following steps:
1) taking an optical frequency comb that is re-frequency by 100MHz as an example, the frequency of the reference signal may be an integer multiple of 100 MHz. And connecting the reference signal and the output of the optical frequency comb into a frequency error signal generation module to obtain the difference between the reference signal and the output of the optical frequency comb. If the frequency mixing equipment is used for phase discrimination, the output of the laser needs to be subjected to photoelectric conversion, and is filtered by a band-pass filter with the same frequency as the reference signal, and then the frequency mixing phase discrimination is carried out; if the optical-microwave phase discrimination is used, the optical signal can be directly connected into the module. No matter which phase detection method is used, a low-pass filter is connected to the output of the phase detection circuit to filter out high-frequency components in the signal.
2) And (4) accessing the error signal obtained in the step to a high-speed servo control module for feedback control. The output of the laser is amplified by a voltage control module, and the length of a space optical part is adjusted by controlling piezoelectric ceramics (PZT) in a mode-locked laser, so that the optical comb repetition frequency is dynamically adjusted.
3) Meanwhile, the input of the voltage control module is also connected to the low-speed servo feedback control module and used for controlling the temperature control module. The low speed servo feedback control module sets the input bias as needed to set the PZT operating voltage at this point.
4) The low-speed servo feedback control module calculates the optical fiber temperature regulating quantity in the resonant cavity of the mode-locked laser according to the input voltage signal and the current regulating and controlling voltage value of the piezoelectric ceramic controller; and the output of the low-speed servo feedback control module is connected to the temperature control module to control the set value of the temperature. When the PZT voltage deviates from the set value, the temperature control module regulates and controls the temperature of the optical fiber in the resonant cavity according to the optical fiber temperature regulating quantity, so that the PZT voltage is maintained near the set value.
5) By using the steps, the problem that the optical frequency comb repetition frequency cannot be locked for a long time and a series of problems caused by the nonlinearity of a PZT response curve are solved.
The above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit the same, and a person skilled in the art can modify the technical solution of the present invention or substitute the same without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should be determined by the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method for locking the repetition frequency of an optical frequency comb based on temperature control and piezoelectric ceramics comprises the following steps:
1) the reference frequency signal and an optical frequency comb output by the mode-locked laser are connected to a frequency error signal generation module, and the difference between the repetition frequency of the optical frequency comb and the reference frequency is obtained and is used as an error signal to be input to a high-speed servo control module;
2) the high-speed servo control module generates a feedback control signal according to the input error signal and inputs the feedback control signal to the voltage control module;
3) the voltage control module generates a target voltage signal according to the feedback control signal and respectively inputs the target voltage signal to the piezoelectric ceramic in the mode-locked laser and the low-speed servo feedback control module for dynamically adjusting the repetition frequency of the optical frequency comb;
4) the piezoelectric ceramic regulates and controls the cavity length of the pumping source according to the target voltage signal; the low-speed servo feedback control module calculates the optical fiber temperature regulating quantity in the resonant cavity of the mode-locked laser according to the target voltage signal and the current regulating and controlling voltage value of the piezoelectric ceramic controller; and the temperature controller of the mode-locked laser regulates and controls the temperature of the optical fiber in the resonant cavity according to the optical fiber temperature regulating quantity.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the low-speed servo feedback control module monitors a current regulated voltage value of the piezoceramic controller, and when the regulated voltage value deviates from a target voltage, calculates a fiber temperature regulating quantity in a resonant cavity of the mode-locked laser according to the voltage deviation value; and then the temperature controller of the mode-locked laser regulates and controls the temperature of the optical fiber in the resonant cavity according to the optical fiber temperature regulating quantity.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein if the frequency error signal generation module detects phase of an electrical signal, an optical frequency comb output by the mode-locked laser performs photoelectric conversion, and is filtered by a band-pass filter having the same frequency as the reference frequency signal and then input to the phase detector of the frequency mixing device.
4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein if the frequency error signal generating module is an optical-microwave phase detector, the optical frequency comb output by the mode-locked laser is directly input to the optical-microwave phase detector.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the reference frequency signal has a frequency that is an integer multiple of a repetition frequency of the optical frequency comb.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115912037A (en) * | 2022-09-26 | 2023-04-04 | 北京航天计量测试技术研究所 | Optical frequency comb repetition frequency locking method and device |
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| US20180115136A1 (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2018-04-26 | University Of Central Florida Research Foundation, Inc. | Ultra-low noise mode-locked laser, methods, and applications |
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| CN113206434A (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2021-08-03 | 北京邮电大学 | Pre-compensation feedback control system and method for frequency difference locking of fiber laser |
| CN113823991A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-12-21 | 中国科学院国家授时中心 | Locking method and locking circuit of optical frequency comb |
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- 2022-03-07 CN CN202210215550.XA patent/CN114709708B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008182470A (en) * | 2007-01-24 | 2008-08-07 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | Optical clock signal playback device |
| US20150003834A1 (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2015-01-01 | Xuekang Shan | Brillouin Strain and Temperature sensor incorporating a frequency offset locked DFB laser pair |
| US20180115136A1 (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2018-04-26 | University Of Central Florida Research Foundation, Inc. | Ultra-low noise mode-locked laser, methods, and applications |
| US20160248218A1 (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-08-25 | Zibo Qi-red PhotoElectrical Technology Co., Ltd. | Optic-microwave frequency discriminator for laser frequency difference locking, and method thereof |
| CN105826804A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-08-03 | 清华大学 | Light frequency reference fiber femtosecond light frequency comb with tunable broadband repetition frequency |
| CN108593110A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-09-28 | 天津大学 | All -fiber Fourier transform spectrometer, based on PZT phase-modulation real-time compensations |
| CN113206434A (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2021-08-03 | 北京邮电大学 | Pre-compensation feedback control system and method for frequency difference locking of fiber laser |
| CN113823991A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-12-21 | 中国科学院国家授时中心 | Locking method and locking circuit of optical frequency comb |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115912037A (en) * | 2022-09-26 | 2023-04-04 | 北京航天计量测试技术研究所 | Optical frequency comb repetition frequency locking method and device |
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