CN114709612A - Circularly polarized constant-flux radiation antenna and wireless communication system - Google Patents

Circularly polarized constant-flux radiation antenna and wireless communication system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114709612A
CN114709612A CN202210431205.XA CN202210431205A CN114709612A CN 114709612 A CN114709612 A CN 114709612A CN 202210431205 A CN202210431205 A CN 202210431205A CN 114709612 A CN114709612 A CN 114709612A
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China
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circularly polarized
antenna
floor
feed
constant flux
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任雪
何文龙
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Shenzhen University
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Shenzhen University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/02Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02DCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a circular polarization constant flux radiation antenna and a wireless communication system, wherein the antenna comprises: the feed network is arranged on one side of the dielectric substrate far away from the floor; the feed source is arranged on one side of the floor far away from the dielectric substrate and is connected with the feed network; the medium lens is arranged on the floor and covers the feed source, one side of the medium lens, which is far away from the floor, is the emergent direction of the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave, the medium lens is used for adjusting the phase of the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave, and the field distribution on the aperture field surface of the medium lens meets the corresponding near field distribution so as to realize the beam forming of the circularly polarized equal-flux radiation. The technical scheme of the invention can realize circular polarization and other flux beam forming, has the advantages of simple structure, good beam forming performance, obvious beam external inhibition effect and the like, and can meet the requirement of a wireless communication system on equal or approximately equal signal intensity coverage of a coverage area.

Description

Circularly polarized constant-flux radiation antenna and wireless communication system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antenna communication, in particular to a circularly polarized constant-flux radiation antenna and a wireless communication system.
Background
Currently, antennas play a significant role in wireless communication systems, and their performance determines the quality of a wireless link and the coverage effect of a wireless signal. In recent years, the development of mobile communication technology in China and the world is thousands of days, 5G communication is gradually commercialized, and a newer next-generation communication technical scheme is also researched and researched. It is widely accepted by the various countries that new communication technologies, such as higher frequency band communication and satellite communication, will play a unique role in future communication technologies.
With the increase of the use frequency, for different application scenarios, refinement and targeted design is often required to meet different application requirements. For example, in a higher frequency band and a satellite communication scenario, when a transmission path is farther away, path loss may significantly affect signal strength in a coverage area, and thus, a common pencil-shaped radiation beam may cause a large difference in signal strength in the coverage area and a reduction in communication connection quality in an edge area. Therefore, in order to improve the signal equal coverage of the coverage area, the communication system needs to be designed to meet the equal flux coverage of the signal. The coverage area and the link budget are comprehensively considered, and the equal-flux coverage can be efficiently realized by shaping the antenna radiation beam. The circularly polarized radiation can avoid polarization loss and further ensure the communication quality. At present, the design of the circular polarized antenna is mostly realized based on a complex array model or a reflecting surface technology, and the problems of large size, complex structure, poor degree of out-beam suppression and the like are mostly faced.
In view of the above, there is a need to provide further improvement to the structure of the present circular polarization antenna.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve at least one of the above problems, it is a primary object of the present invention to provide a circular polarized constant flux radiating antenna and a wireless communication system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: provided is a circularly polarized constant flux radiation antenna including: the feed network is arranged on one side of the dielectric substrate, which is far away from the floor, and is used for uniformly dividing a received signal into at least two paths of signals and performing sequential feed, and the phase difference of adjacent signals is 90 degrees; the feed source is arranged on one side of the floor far away from the dielectric substrate, is connected with the feed network and is used for synthesizing at least two paths of feed signals into circularly polarized signals and sending out circularly polarized electromagnetic waves; the medium lens is arranged on the floor and covers the feed source, one side of the medium lens, which is far away from the floor, is the emergent direction of the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave, the medium lens is used for adjusting the phase of the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave, and the field distribution on the aperture field surface of the medium lens meets the corresponding near field distribution so as to realize the shaping of the circularly polarized equal-flux radiation beam.
The medium lens comprises a cylindrical base body and a hemispherical medium body connected with the base body, one end, far away from the medium body, of the base body is abutted to the floor, and a notch is formed in one side, far away from the base body, of the medium body.
The diameter of the seat body is 1.45 wavelength of the working frequency of the antenna, the height of the seat body is between 0.5 wavelength and 1.0 wavelength of the working frequency of the antenna, and the ratio of the height of the seat body to the depth of the notch is between 0.7 and 1.1; the diameter of the dielectric body is 1.45 wavelengths of the working frequency of the antenna, and the height of the dielectric body is 0.54 wavelength of the working frequency of the antenna.
The medium lens is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.
The feed source comprises an antenna unit and an annular metal structure arranged around the antenna unit.
The antenna unit is a patch antenna or a horn antenna.
The feed network is a one-to-four network formed by Wilkins power dividers and used for equally dividing received signals into four equal parts.
Wherein the dielectric substrate is a Rogers plate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts another technical scheme that: a wireless communication system is provided, which comprises the circular polarization constant flux radiation antenna.
According to the technical scheme, the distribution condition of the electromagnetic waves of the radiation caliber can be controlled through the dielectric lens structure, the equal-flux radiation beams are realized, and meanwhile, certain beam space selection characteristics are achieved, and the external interference of the beams is inhibited; the feed source is loaded in the medium, so that the integration level is improved, and the integral size of the antenna is reduced to realize integrated installation; through the feed network and the feed source, the low cross polarization radiation in a large space angle range can be realized by adopting a sequence feed technology. Through the implementation of the embodiment, the scheme realizes compact circular polarization equal-flux radiation beam forming, and has the advantages of compact and simple structure, space cut-off capability outside the beam and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a circular polarized constant flux radiation antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a circularly polarized constant flux radiating antenna in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a circular polarized constant flux radiating antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a feed network in a circular polarized constant flux radiation antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the performance of the circularly polarized isopower radiating antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a right-hand polarization plot of a circularly polarized isopower radiating antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a left hand polarization plot of a circularly polarized isopower radiating antenna of the present invention;
fig. 8 is an axial ratio plot of the circularly polarized isopower radiating antenna of the present invention.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the description of the invention relating to "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying any relative importance or implicit indication of the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a circular polarization constant flux radiation antenna which can realize circular polarization constant flux beam forming, has the advantages of simple structure, good beam forming performance, obvious beam outer inhibition effect and the like, and can meet the requirement of a wireless communication system on coverage of equal or approximately equal signal intensity in a coverage area. The specific structure of the circular polarized constant flux radiating antenna is described in the following embodiments.
For a clearer description of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will discuss specific structures of circular polarized constant flux radiation antennas with reference to fig. 1 to 3.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a circular polarized constant flux radiation antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a side view of a circularly polarized constant flux radiating antenna in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention; fig. 3 is an exploded view of a circular polarized constant flux radiating antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. In an embodiment of the present invention, the circularly polarized constant flux radiation antenna includes: the feed network 100 is arranged on one side, away from the floor 300, of the dielectric substrate 200 and is used for uniformly dividing a received signal into at least two paths of signals and performing sequential feed, and the phase difference between adjacent signals is 90 degrees; the feed source 400 is arranged on one side of the floor 300 far away from the dielectric substrate 200, and the feed source 400 is connected with the feed network 100 and is used for synthesizing at least two feed signals into circularly polarized signals and sending out circularly polarized electromagnetic waves; the dielectric lens 500 is arranged on the floor 300 and covers the feed source 400, one side of the dielectric lens 500, which is far away from the floor 300, is the emergent direction of the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave, the dielectric lens 500 is used for adjusting the phase of the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave, and the field distribution on the aperture field surface of the dielectric lens 500 meets the near field distribution of the aperture field surface of the dielectric lens 500, so that the circularly polarized equal-flux radiation beam forming is realized.
Specifically, the feed network 100 is disposed on the dielectric substrate 200, the feed network 100 has at least two feed ends, the dielectric substrate 200 is stacked on the floor 300, an area of the dielectric substrate 200 is smaller than an area of the floor 300, the feed source 400 is disposed on a side of the floor 300 away from the dielectric substrate 200, the dielectric substrate 200 and the floor 300 both have through holes 201 through which the feed ends penetrate, the feed ends are electrically connected with the feed source 400, and the feed source 400 can synthesize feed signals of the at least two feed ends into circularly polarized signals and emit corresponding circularly polarized electromagnetic waves. The dielectric lens 500 is covered on the feed source 400, and can regulate and control the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave emitted by the feed source 400, and the field distribution on the aperture field surface of the dielectric lens 500 meets the corresponding near field distribution, so that the circularly polarized equal-flux radiation beam forming is realized.
In operation, the above-mentioned feed network 100 can equally divide the received signal or the input signal into at least two paths of signals; at least two paths of signals are fed into the feed source 400 through the dielectric substrate 200 by adopting the sequential feed technology, the feed source 400 synthesizes the at least two paths of feed signals into circularly polarized signals and sends out circularly polarized electromagnetic waves, and finally the circularly polarized electromagnetic waves are regulated and controlled by the dielectric lens 500, and the field distribution on the aperture field surface of the dielectric lens 500 meets the corresponding near field distribution so as to realize the shaping of circularly polarized equal-flux radiation beams.
Specifically, the dielectric lens 500 includes a cylindrical base 510 and a hemispherical dielectric body 520 connected to the base 510, wherein one end of the base 510 away from the dielectric body 520 is abutted to the floor 300, and a notch 530 is formed on one side of the base 510 away from the dielectric body 520. In this embodiment, the base 510 is hollow, and the feed source 400 is located at the bottom of the base 510. The dielectric lens 500 can adjust the phase of the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave, and the field distribution on the aperture field surface of the dielectric lens 500 meets the corresponding near field distribution, so as to realize the circularly polarized equal-flux radiation beam forming. Further, the diameter of the base 510 is 1.45 wavelength of the antenna operating frequency, the height is between 0.5 wavelength and 1.0 wavelength of the antenna operating frequency, the ratio of the height of the base to the depth of the recess is between 0.7 and 1.1, the diameter of the dielectric 520 is 1.45 wavelength of the antenna operating frequency, and the height is 0.54 wavelength of the antenna operating frequency.
In a specific embodiment, the dielectric lens 500 is made of a thermoplastic medium such as teflon. The corresponding dielectric dimensions of the dielectric lens 500 may change as the dielectric constants of the different dielectrics change.
Further, the feed source 400 includes an antenna unit 410, and a ring-shaped metal structure 420 surrounding the antenna unit 410. The antenna element 410 is located in the middle of the loop metal structure 420 for avoiding the overflow of the feeding signal and preventing the interference of the external signal. Further, the antenna unit 410 is a patch antenna or a horn antenna.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a feed network 100 in a circular polarized constant flux radiation antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. In an embodiment, the feeding network 100 is a one-to-four network composed of wilkins power dividers, and is configured to divide the received signal into four equal parts. Specifically, the feeding network 100 includes an input end 110, a first feeding end 121, a second feeding end 122, a third feeding end 123, a fourth feeding end 124 and a transmission network 130, where the input end 110 is connected to the first feeding end 121, the second feeding end 122, the third feeding end 123 and the fourth feeding end 124 through the transmission network 130. The phase difference of each signal in the first feeding end 121, the second feeding end 122, the third feeding end 123 and the fourth feeding end 124 is 90 degrees. Each feeding terminal is electrically connected to the antenna unit 400 through a metal post.
Wherein, the dielectric substrate 200 is a Rogers board RO 4003.
In order to describe the scheme of the embodiment more clearly, the following describes the test performance of the circular polarization constant flux radiation antenna with reference to fig. 5 to 8.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a performance graph of the circular polarization constant flux radiation antenna of the present invention, and it can be seen from fig. 5 that s11 of the circular polarization constant flux antenna of the present invention is better than-15 dB in the range of 4.5 to 6.5 GHz. Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a right-hand polarization curve diagram of the circular polarization constant flux radiation antenna of the present invention, and as can be seen from fig. 6, the circular polarization constant flux antenna of the present invention achieves constant flux beam coverage within a range of 68 degrees, with a marginal maximum gain of 6.72dB and a side lobe of less than-15 dB. Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a left-hand polarization curve diagram of the circular polarization constant flux radiation antenna of the present invention, and it can be seen from fig. 7 that the left-hand circular polarization wave of the circular polarization constant flux antenna of the present invention is less than-25 dB within the range of 150 degrees. Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is an axial ratio graph of the circular polarization constant flux radiation antenna of the present invention, and it can be seen from fig. 8 that the axial ratio of the circular polarization constant flux antenna of the present invention is less than 3dB within 145 degrees.
In summary, in the scheme, the signal is fed in through the feed network 100 and then divided into four equal parts, the phase difference of each feed signal is 90 degrees, then the feed signal is fed in the feed source 400 in an ordered feed mode, and then the electromagnetic wave emitted by the feed source 400 is regulated and controlled by the dielectric lens 500, so that the regulation and control of the radiation phase plane are realized, and the circular polarization equal-flux beam forming is realized. The antenna has the advantages of simple structure, good beam forming performance, obvious beam external inhibition, 68-degree constant flux beam width and 145-degree 3dB axial ratio coverage range, can work at C-band frequency, and can be conveniently designed and applied to other working frequency bands.
In an embodiment of the invention, the wireless communication system comprises a circularly polarized constant flux radiation antenna. For the specific structure of the circular polarization constant flux radiation antenna, please refer to the above embodiments, which are not described herein. The wireless communication system of the scheme applies the circular polarization constant flux radiation antenna, so that the circular polarization constant flux radiation antenna has all the advantages and effects of the circular polarization constant flux radiation antenna.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents made by the contents of the specification and drawings or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields within the spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A circularly polarized isopower radiating antenna, comprising: the feed network is arranged on one side of the dielectric substrate, which is far away from the floor, and is used for uniformly dividing a received signal into at least two paths of signals and performing sequential feed, and the phase difference of adjacent signals is 90 degrees; the feed source is arranged on one side of the floor far away from the dielectric substrate, is connected with the feed network and is used for synthesizing at least two paths of feed signals into circularly polarized signals and sending out circularly polarized electromagnetic waves; the medium lens is arranged on the floor and covers the feed source, one side of the medium lens, which is far away from the floor, is the emergent direction of the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave, the medium lens is used for adjusting the phase of the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave, and the field distribution on the aperture field surface of the medium lens meets the corresponding near field distribution so as to realize the shaping of the circularly polarized equal-flux radiation beam.
2. The circular polarized constant flux radiation antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein said dielectric lens includes a cylindrical base body and a hemispherical dielectric body connected to said base body, one end of said base body away from said dielectric body abuts against said floor, and a notch is formed on one side of said dielectric body away from said base body.
3. The circularly polarized constant flux radiation antenna of claim 2, wherein the diameter of said base body is 1.45 wavelength of the antenna operating frequency, the height is between 0.5 wavelength and 1.0 wavelength of the antenna operating frequency, the ratio of the height of said base body to the depth of said recess is between 0.7 and 1.1; the diameter of the dielectric body is 1.45 wavelengths of the working frequency of the antenna, and the height of the dielectric body is 0.54 wavelength of the working frequency of the antenna.
4. The circularly polarized constant flux radiation antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the dielectric lens is made of Teflon.
5. The circularly polarized constant flux radiation antenna according to claim 1, wherein said feed source comprises an antenna element, and an annular metal structure provided around a circumference of said antenna element.
6. The circularly polarized constant flux radiating antenna of claim 5, wherein the antenna element is a patch antenna or a horn antenna.
7. The circularly polarized constant flux radiating antenna of claim 1, wherein the feed network is a one-to-four network formed by Wilkins power dividers for dividing the received signal equally into four equal parts.
8. The circularly polarized constant flux radiating antenna of claim 1, wherein the dielectric substrate is a rocky plate.
9. A wireless communication system, characterized in that it comprises a circularly polarized constant flux radiating antenna according to any of claims 1 to 8.
CN202210431205.XA 2022-04-22 2022-04-22 Circularly polarized constant-flux radiation antenna and wireless communication system Pending CN114709612A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116914438A (en) * 2023-05-24 2023-10-20 广东福顺天际通信有限公司 Deformable lens and antenna with deflectable beam direction

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116914438A (en) * 2023-05-24 2023-10-20 广东福顺天际通信有限公司 Deformable lens and antenna with deflectable beam direction
CN116914438B (en) * 2023-05-24 2024-05-31 广东福顺天际通信有限公司 Deformable lens and antenna with deflectable beam direction

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