CN114702302B - Far infrared ceramic plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Far infrared ceramic plate and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN114702302B
CN114702302B CN202210626908.8A CN202210626908A CN114702302B CN 114702302 B CN114702302 B CN 114702302B CN 202210626908 A CN202210626908 A CN 202210626908A CN 114702302 B CN114702302 B CN 114702302B
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parts
far infrared
ceramic plate
ball milling
milling treatment
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CN114702302A (en
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彭文武
杨为东
明瑞炳
廖祥松
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Foshan Taoying New Material Co ltd
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Foshan Taoying New Material Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a far infrared ceramic plate and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of building materials, wherein the far infrared ceramic plate comprises bentonite, clay, quartz, a sintering agent, a composite reinforcing material and a composite far infrared material; the composite reinforced material is composed of mullite, diopside, spodumene, albite and zirconia fibers according to the weight part ratio of 1-2: 1-5: 1-7: 1-5: 1; the composite far infrared material is composed of manganese-doped cordierite, nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide and tourmaline according to the weight ratio of 1-2: 4-5. The far infrared ceramic plate prepared by the invention has the advantages of excellent compatibility of a formula system, light weight, high strength, and remarkable far infrared performance and wear resistance.

Description

Far infrared ceramic plate and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building materials, in particular to a far infrared ceramic plate and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The ceramic material is generally prepared by taking natural silicate minerals as raw materials and carrying out crushing, molding and sintering. Far infrared radiation actually belongs to electromagnetic waves like visible light, even ultraviolet rays, radio waves and the like, the difference can be expressed by wavelength, the far infrared radiation and other electromagnetic waves do not need media and are directly transmitted in a radiation mode, but the far infrared characteristic is influenced by a plurality of factors such as the composition of materials, the specific surface area and the like. The far infrared material is a material with high radiance or characteristic radiance in the infrared band, dipole moment is changed to generate infrared rays due to vibration and rotation of internal molecules and lattice vibration of crystals, the lower the symmetry of particle vibration in the material is, the larger the change of dipole moment is, the stronger the infrared radiation capability is, and especially the crystal lattice vibration in the far infrared band can influence the far infrared effect. Because most of ceramics are composed of macromolecular structures composed of polyatomic molecules, and the structural symmetry of polyatomic molecules is easy to change in the vibration process, so that dipole moments are changed, some ceramic products with far infrared effects, such as ceramic plates, can be derived in the market. However, the far infrared ceramic plate in the prior art has the problems of low strength due to the pursuit of thinness and light weight, and poor far infrared emission performance and abrasion resistance due to incompatibility among components.
In conclusion, in the field of preparing far infrared ceramic plates, there still remain the above-mentioned problems to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, in order to solve the problems of low strength, poor far infrared emission performance and poor wear resistance, the invention provides a far infrared ceramic plate and a preparation method thereof, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
the far infrared ceramic plate comprises a blank body and glaze covering the surface of the blank body, wherein the blank body comprises the following preparation raw materials in parts by weight: 10-12 parts of bentonite, 20-23 parts of clay, 4-6 parts of quartz, 1-2 parts of sintering agent, 40-45 parts of composite reinforcing material and 3-7 parts of composite far infrared material;
the composite reinforced material consists of mullite, diopside, spodumene, albite and zirconia fiber according to the weight part ratio of 1-2: 1-5: 1-7: 1-5: 1;
the composite far infrared material is composed of manganese-doped cordierite, nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide and tourmaline according to the weight ratio of 1-2: 4-5.
Further, the sintering agent is composed of titanium diboride, barium titanate and boric acid according to a mass ratio of 1-6: 1-2: 1-5.
Further, the glaze material consists of the following preparation raw materials in parts by weight:
40-45 parts of albite, 1-3 parts of nano zinc oxide, 1-3 parts of tourmaline, 1-5 parts of calcite, 5-7 parts of dolomite, 3-5 parts of calcined talc, 12-15 parts of kaolin and 1-3 parts of dispersing agent.
Further, the dispersing agent is one or two of zinc stearate and barium stearate.
In addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the far infrared ceramic plate, which comprises the following steps:
mixing mullite, diopside, spodumene, albite and zirconia fibers, and performing first ball milling treatment to obtain a composite reinforced material;
mixing the manganese-doped cordierite, the nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide and the tourmaline, and carrying out second ball milling treatment to obtain a composite far infrared material;
mixing the bentonite, the clay and the quartz, carrying out third ball milling treatment, then adding the composite reinforcing material and the composite far infrared material, continuing ball milling treatment, then carrying out first screening treatment, spraying and forming materials, and carrying out compression molding to obtain a blank body;
uniformly mixing albite, nano zinc oxide, tourmaline, calcite, dolomite, calcined talc, kaolin and a dispersing agent, adding water, performing fourth ball milling treatment, performing second screening treatment, and performing ageing treatment to obtain a glaze;
and spraying the glaze onto the green body, and firing to obtain the far infrared ceramic plate.
Further, the rotating speed of the first ball milling treatment is 10 r/min-15 r/min, and the time of the first ball milling treatment is 30 min-60 min.
Further, the rotating speed of the second ball milling treatment is 15 r/min-20 r/min, and the time of the second ball milling treatment is 15 min-20 min.
Further, the third ball milling treatment is wet ball milling treatment, the rotating speed of the third ball milling treatment is 12 r/min-15 r/min, and the time of the third ball milling treatment is 3 h-5 h.
Further, the mesh number of the screen mesh used in the first screening process is 325 mesh.
Further, the pressure of the compression molding is 15-45 MPa.
The far infrared ceramic plate prepared by the scheme has the advantages of excellent compatibility of a formula system, light weight, high strength, and remarkable far infrared performance and wear resistance. The preparation system is added with clay, bentonite and quartz, so that the plasticity of the system is enhanced, and a blank with higher uniformity is obtained; the manganese-doped cordierite, the nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide and the tourmaline are mixed to be added as a composite far infrared material, can be uniformly dispersed in a preparation system, and the lattice distortion coefficient is increased, so that the far infrared performance is more remarkable, and the far infrared material can also act with a reinforcing material in a synergistic manner, so that the strength of the ceramic plate is further improved, and the ceramic plate has more excellent usability.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to embodiments thereof. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the scope of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The far infrared ceramic plate comprises a blank body and a glaze material covering the surface of the blank body, wherein the blank body comprises the following preparation raw materials in parts by weight: 10-12 parts of bentonite, 20-23 parts of clay, 4-6 parts of quartz, 1-2 parts of sintering agent, 40-45 parts of composite reinforcing material and 3-7 parts of composite far infrared material;
the composite reinforced material is composed of mullite, diopside, spodumene, albite and zirconia fibers according to the weight part ratio of 1-2: 1-5: 1-7: 1-5: 1; the main components of the mullite are alumina and silicon oxide, and AlO is contained in the crystal structure 6 The diopside belongs to silicate minerals, can promote the melting of quartz in the blank, and is beneficial to improving the uniformity of components of the blank; spodumene andthe albite can increase the densification sintering of the blank; the addition of the zirconia fiber can exert the reinforcing effect, but too much zirconia fiber can cause agglomeration, which not only influences the mechanical property and compactness of the blank, but also influences the sintering temperature of the blank. The components are added after being compounded, the component proportion is limited, and the effect of increasing the density, the strength and the toughness of the green body is achieved integrally.
The composite far infrared material is composed of manganese-doped cordierite, nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide and tourmaline according to the weight ratio of 1-2: 4-5. The manganese-doped cordierite and the nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide both have lower scattering coefficients, the lattice distortion coefficient is increased by mixing the two components and firing the mixture, and the far infrared performance is more remarkable by combining the trigonal crystal system structure of the tourmaline and the synergistic effect among the components.
In one embodiment, the sintering agent is composed of titanium diboride, barium titanate and boric acid according to a mass ratio of 1-6: 1-2: 1-5. The addition of the sintering agent is beneficial to promoting the growth of mullite grains in a preparation system, improving the bridging effect and the stress conduction effect of the grains and improving the breaking strength of a blank.
In one embodiment, the glaze consists of the following preparation raw materials in parts by weight: 40-45 parts of albite, 1-3 parts of nano zinc oxide, 1-3 parts of tourmaline, 1-5 parts of calcite, 5-7 parts of dolomite, 3-5 parts of calcined talc, 12-15 parts of kaolin and 1-3 parts of dispersing agent. The components and the component proportion of the glaze are limited, the antibacterial and far infrared effects of the glaze can be increased by adding the nano zinc oxide and the tourmaline, and the wear resistance of the ceramic plate can be integrally improved after the nano zinc oxide and the tourmaline are subjected to synergistic effect with albite, calcite, dolomite, calcined talc and kaolin.
In one embodiment, the dispersant is one or two of zinc stearate and barium stearate.
In addition, in one embodiment, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a far infrared ceramic plate, comprising the steps of:
mixing mullite, diopside, spodumene, albite and zirconia fibers, and performing first ball milling treatment to obtain a composite reinforced material;
mixing the manganese-doped cordierite, the nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide and the tourmaline, and carrying out second ball milling treatment to obtain a composite far infrared material;
mixing the bentonite, the clay and the quartz, carrying out third ball milling treatment, then adding the composite reinforcing material and the composite far infrared material, continuing ball milling treatment, then carrying out first screening treatment, spraying and forming materials, and carrying out compression molding to obtain a blank body;
uniformly mixing albite, nano-zinc oxide, tourmaline, calcite, dolomite, calcined talc, kaolin and a dispersing agent, adding water, performing fourth ball milling treatment, performing second screening treatment, and performing ageing treatment to obtain a glaze;
and spraying the glaze onto the green body, and firing to obtain the far infrared ceramic plate.
According to the invention, the composite reinforcing material and the composite far infrared material are respectively mixed in advance, and then are added into the main components of bentonite, clay and quartz, and the step-by-step treatment is carried out, so that the uniformity and compatibility of a preparation system are improved, and the problems of pinholes, white spots and the like in the preparation process are reduced.
In one embodiment, the rotation speed of the first ball milling treatment is 10r/min to 15r/min, and the time of the first ball milling treatment is 30min to 60 min.
In one embodiment, the rotation speed of the second ball milling treatment is 15r/min to 20r/min, and the time of the second ball milling treatment is 15min to 20 min.
In one embodiment, the third ball milling treatment is wet ball milling treatment, the rotating speed of the third ball milling treatment is 12 r/min-15 r/min, and the time of the third ball milling treatment is 3 h-5 h.
In one embodiment, the first screening process employs a screen having a mesh size of 325 mesh.
In one embodiment, the pressure of the compression molding is 15 MPa-45 MPa.
In one embodiment, the rotation speed of the fourth ball milling treatment is 16r/min to 20r/min, and the time of the fourth ball milling treatment is 2h to 6 h.
In one embodiment, the second screening process uses a 325 mesh screen.
In one embodiment, the time of the aging treatment is 5-7 h.
In one embodiment, the glaze has a specific gravity of 1.65-2.05.
In one embodiment, the spraying amount of the glaze is 350 g/m-400 g/m.
In one embodiment, the temperature of the firing treatment is 1200-1230 ℃, and the time of the firing treatment is 40-50 min.
The far infrared ceramic plate prepared by the scheme has the advantages of excellent compatibility of a formula system, light weight, high strength, and remarkable far infrared performance and wear resistance. The preparation system is added with clay, bentonite and quartz, so that the plasticity of the system is enhanced, and a blank with higher uniformity is obtained; the manganese-doped cordierite, the nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide and the tourmaline are mixed to be added as a composite far infrared material, can be uniformly dispersed in a preparation system, and the lattice distortion coefficient is increased, so that the far infrared performance is more remarkable, and the far infrared material can also act with a reinforcing material in a synergistic manner, so that the strength of the ceramic plate is further improved, and the ceramic plate has more excellent usability.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Examples 1 to 5:
the differences between examples 1 to 5 are only in the ratio of the ingredients to the ingredient distribution, and are specifically shown in table 1;
the preparation method of the far infrared ceramic plate in the embodiments 1 to 5 includes the following steps:
mixing mullite, diopside, spodumene, albite and zirconia fiber, and performing first ball milling treatment at a rotating speed of 15r/min for 30min to obtain a composite reinforced material;
mixing the manganese-doped cordierite, the nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide and the tourmaline, and carrying out second ball milling treatment for 15min at the rotating speed of 20r/min to obtain a composite far infrared material;
mixing the bentonite, the clay and the quartz, carrying out third ball milling treatment for 5 hours at the rotating speed of 15r/min, then adding the composite reinforcing material and the composite far infrared material, continuing ball milling treatment, carrying out first sieving treatment by adopting a screen with the mesh number of 325 meshes, spraying for material making, and carrying out compression molding under the condition that the pressure is 15 MPa-45 MPa to obtain a blank body;
uniformly mixing albite, nano-zinc oxide, tourmaline, calcite, dolomite, calcined talc, kaolin and a dispersing agent, adding water, performing fourth ball milling treatment at the rotating speed of 20r/min for 6 hours, performing second screening treatment by using a screen with the mesh number of 325 meshes, and performing ageing treatment for 5 hours to obtain a glaze with the specific gravity of 1.65-2.05;
spraying the glaze onto the green body according to the spraying amount of 350g/m, and after the spraying is completed, performing firing treatment on the green body at the temperature of 1220 ℃ for 40 mm to obtain far infrared ceramic plates, which are respectively and correspondingly labeled as sample 1, sample 2, sample 3, sample 4 and sample 5.
Example 6:
example 6 differs from example 5 only in the preparation process, which is specifically as follows:
a preparation method of a far infrared ceramic plate comprises the following steps:
mixing mullite, diopside, spodumene, albite and zirconia fibers, and carrying out first ball milling treatment for 60min at the rotating speed of 10r/min to obtain a composite reinforced material;
mixing the manganese-doped cordierite, the nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide and the tourmaline, and carrying out second ball milling treatment for 20min at the rotating speed of 15r/min to obtain a composite far infrared material;
mixing the bentonite, the clay and the quartz, carrying out third ball milling treatment for 5 hours at the rotating speed of 12r/min, then adding the composite reinforcing material and the composite far infrared material, continuing ball milling treatment, carrying out first sieving treatment by adopting a screen with the mesh number of 325 meshes, spraying for material making, and carrying out compression molding under the condition that the pressure is 15-45 MPa to obtain a blank body;
uniformly mixing albite, nano-zinc oxide, tourmaline, calcite, dolomite, calcined talc, kaolin and a dispersing agent, adding water, performing fourth ball milling treatment at the rotating speed of 16r/min for 6 hours, performing second screening treatment by using a screen with the mesh number of 325 meshes, and performing ageing treatment for 5 hours to obtain a glaze with the specific gravity of 1.65-2.05;
spraying the glaze onto the green body according to the spraying amount of 360g/m, and after completion, performing firing treatment on 45mim at the temperature of 1230 ℃ to obtain a far infrared ceramic plate, which is labeled as sample 6.
Comparative examples 1 to 6:
comparative examples 1 to 6 are different from example 5 only in the raw materials and the raw material mixture ratio of the composite reinforcing material, and specifically, as shown in table 2, the other examples are the same as example 5 and are respectively labeled as comparative sample 1, comparative sample 2, comparative sample 3, comparative sample 4, comparative sample 5, and comparative sample 6.
Comparative examples 7 to 10:
comparative examples 7 to 10 are different from example 5 only in the raw materials and the raw material mixture ratio of the composite far-infrared material, and specifically, as shown in table 3, the other examples are the same as example 5 and are respectively labeled as comparative sample 7, comparative sample 8, comparative sample 9, and comparative sample 10.
Comparative example 11:
comparative example 11 is different from example 5 only in the preparation process, and the specific preparation process of comparative example 11 is as follows:
a preparation method of a far infrared ceramic plate comprises the following steps:
mixing mullite, diopside, spodumene, albite, zirconia fiber, manganese-doped cordierite, nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide, tourmaline, bentonite, clay and quartz, performing ball milling treatment at the rotating speed of 15r/min for 8 hours, performing first screening treatment by using a screen with the mesh number of 325 meshes, spraying for material making, and performing compression molding under the pressure of 15-45 MPa to obtain a blank body;
uniformly mixing albite, nano-zinc oxide, tourmaline, calcite, dolomite, calcined talc, kaolin and a dispersing agent, adding water, performing ball milling treatment at a rotating speed of 20r/min for 6 hours, performing second screening treatment by using a screen with the mesh number of 325 meshes, and performing ageing treatment for 5 hours to obtain a glaze with the specific gravity of 1.65-2.05;
the glaze was sprayed onto the green body according to the spraying amount of 350g/m, and after completion, the firing treatment was performed at a temperature of 1220 ℃ for 40 mm, so as to obtain a far-infrared ceramic plate, which was labeled as comparative sample 11.
Table 1: unit/part by weight
Figure 72500DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Table 2: unit/part by weight
Figure 202130DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Table 3: unit/part by weight
Figure 469032DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
The samples 1 to 6 obtained in the examples and the comparative samples 1 to 11 obtained in the comparative examples are subjected to correlation performance detection, and the specific steps are as follows:
the abrasion resistance test refers to GB/T1768-2006 rotating rubber grinding wheel method for measuring abrasion resistance of colored paint and varnish to evaluate the abrasion resistance, and after the rotating is performed for 500 turns, the mass loss (mg) of the sample is measured. The modulus of rupture refers to GB/T23266, wherein the national standard is more than or equal to 45 (wall) and more than or equal to 45 (floor). The far infrared test adopts an infrared spectrometer for testing. The apparent state is judged by the technical experience of the technicians in the field, and specifically comprises the conditions of whether the sample is cracked, has air holes and the like after the firing treatment. The thicknesses of the samples 1 to 6 and the comparative samples 1 to 11 were 5.0mm, respectively.
The results are shown in Table 4 below.
Table 4:
Figure 557073DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
the data analysis of table 4 shows that the samples 1-6 of the present application have excellent wear resistance, modulus of rupture also reaches 90-94 MPa, far infrared emissivity reaches 0.89, and the surface has no obvious defects; compared with the embodiment 5, the raw materials and the raw material proportions of the composite reinforced materials in the comparative examples 1-6 are different, and the obtained comparative samples 1-6 have the relevant performance parameters worse than that in the embodiment 5, which shows that the composite reinforced materials in the application have a certain synergistic effect, can be beneficial to improving the strength of the ceramic plate and reducing the abrasion, the components are more compatible, and the surface of the obtained product has no obvious defects. Compared with the example 5, the comparison sample 7-10 is different in raw materials and raw material proportion of the composite far-infrared material, and it can be known that the composite far-infrared material in the application also has a synergistic effect, so that the prepared product has excellent far-infrared emissivity, and the comparison sample 11 is different from the example 5 in preparation process, but the preparation process is different, so that the performance of the subsequently obtained product is not as excellent as that of the example 5, which indicates that the far-infrared ceramic plate is obtained under the combined action of the raw materials, the raw material components and the preparation process.
The above examples are to be construed as merely illustrative and not limitative of the remainder of the disclosure. After reading the description of the invention, the skilled person can make various changes or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent changes and modifications also fall into the scope of the invention defined by the claims.

Claims (8)

1. The far infrared ceramic plate comprises a blank body and glaze covering the surface of the blank body, and is characterized in that the blank body is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10-12 parts of bentonite, 20-23 parts of clay, 4-6 parts of quartz, 1-2 parts of sintering agent, 40-45 parts of composite reinforcing material and 3-7 parts of composite far infrared material;
the composite reinforced material is composed of mullite, diopside, spodumene, albite and zirconia fibers according to the weight part ratio of 1-2: 1-5: 1-7: 1-5: 1;
the composite far infrared material is composed of manganese-doped cordierite, nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide and tourmaline according to the weight ratio of 1-2: 4-5;
the sintering agent consists of titanium diboride, barium titanate and boric acid according to the mass ratio of 1-6: 1-2: 1-5;
the glaze comprises the following preparation raw materials in parts by weight:
40-45 parts of albite, 1-3 parts of nano zinc oxide, 1-3 parts of tourmaline, 1-5 parts of calcite, 5-7 parts of dolomite, 3-5 parts of calcined talc, 12-15 parts of kaolin and 1-3 parts of dispersing agent.
2. The far-infrared ceramic plate as set forth in claim 1, wherein the dispersing agent is one or both of zinc stearate and barium stearate.
3. A method for manufacturing a far-infrared ceramic plate, which is used to manufacture the far-infrared ceramic plate of claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
mixing mullite, diopside, spodumene, albite and zirconia fiber, and performing first ball milling treatment to obtain a composite reinforced material;
mixing the manganese-doped cordierite, the nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide and the tourmaline, and carrying out second ball milling treatment to obtain a composite far infrared material;
mixing the bentonite, the clay and the quartz, carrying out third ball milling treatment, then adding the composite reinforcing material and the composite far infrared material, continuing ball milling treatment, then carrying out first screening treatment, spraying and forming materials, and carrying out compression molding to obtain a blank body;
uniformly mixing albite, nano-zinc oxide, tourmaline, calcite, dolomite, calcined talc, kaolin and a dispersing agent, adding water, performing fourth ball milling treatment, performing second screening treatment, and performing ageing treatment to obtain a glaze;
and spraying the glaze onto the green body, and firing to obtain the far infrared ceramic plate.
4. The method for preparing a far infrared ceramic plate according to claim 3, wherein the rotation speed of the first ball milling treatment is 10 to 15r/min, and the time of the first ball milling treatment is 30 to 60 min.
5. The method for preparing a far-infrared ceramic plate according to claim 3, wherein the rotation speed of the second ball-milling treatment is 15 to 20r/min, and the time of the second ball-milling treatment is 15 to 20 min.
6. The method for preparing a far infrared ceramic plate according to claim 3, wherein the third ball milling treatment is a wet ball milling treatment, the rotating speed of the third ball milling treatment is 12r/min to 15r/min, and the time of the third ball milling treatment is 3h to 5 h.
7. The method of manufacturing a far infrared ceramic plate as set forth in claim 3, wherein the first sieving process uses a mesh of 325 mesh.
8. The method for manufacturing a far-infrared ceramic plate according to claim 3, wherein the pressure of the press molding is 15 to 45 MPa.
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