CN114701376A - Electric automobile charging system and electric automobile - Google Patents

Electric automobile charging system and electric automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114701376A
CN114701376A CN202111342636.0A CN202111342636A CN114701376A CN 114701376 A CN114701376 A CN 114701376A CN 202111342636 A CN202111342636 A CN 202111342636A CN 114701376 A CN114701376 A CN 114701376A
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China
Prior art keywords
inductor
switching tube
switch
battery
output
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Granted
Application number
CN202111342636.0A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN114701376B (en
Inventor
倪攀
王健
王东萃
陆建国
吴万文
李志民
种喆仪
张霄霄
吴优
聂铜
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SAIC Motor Corp Ltd
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SAIC Motor Corp Ltd
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Publication of CN114701376A publication Critical patent/CN114701376A/en
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Publication of CN114701376B publication Critical patent/CN114701376B/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses electric automobile charging system and electric automobile, this system includes: the motor comprises a motor inductor, a motor controller, a capacitor and a capacitor switch; the motor inductor comprises a first inductor, a second inductor and a third inductor; the first end of the first inductor, the first end of the second inductor and the first end of the third inductor are connected; the motor controller is used for controlling the second end of the second inductor and the second end of the third inductor to be respectively connected with the second output end of the charging pile, or controlling the second end of the second inductor and the second end of the third inductor to be respectively connected with the first input end of the battery, so that the voltage output by the charging pile is increased and then output to the battery; and the capacitance switch is used for being closed when the output voltage of the charging pile is less than the charging voltage of the battery. Under the premise that the boost circuit is not additionally arranged, the electric automobile charging system enables the electric automobile to be matched with the charging pile with lower output voltage, the cost of the electric automobile charging system is reduced, and the space occupied by the charging system in the electric automobile is also reduced.

Description

Electric automobile charging system and electric automobile
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of electric automobiles, in particular to an electric automobile charging system and an electric automobile.
Background
With the development of new energy, the application of electric vehicles is also more and more extensive. The output voltage of the existing charging pile may be smaller than the rated charging voltage of the battery of the electric automobile. In order to boost the output voltage of the charging pile and thus charge the battery, a boost circuit may be included in the charging system in the electric vehicle. Through this boost circuit, electric automobile can rise the voltage that fills electric pile output, charges for electric automobile's battery again to make electric automobile can match the lower electric pile that fills of output voltage.
However, the additional boost circuit will increase the cost of the electric vehicle and occupy the space of the equipment inside the electric vehicle, so that a battery vehicle charging system with lower cost and smaller occupied space is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the application provides an electric vehicle charging system and an electric vehicle, which are used for reducing the cost and occupied space of the charging system.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are as follows:
the embodiment of the application provides an electric automobile charging system, includes: the motor comprises a motor inductor, a motor controller, a capacitor and a capacitor switch;
the motor inductor comprises a first inductor, a second inductor and a third inductor; the first end of the first inductor, the first end of the second inductor and the first end of the third inductor are connected;
the second end of the first inductor is used for being connected with a first output end of the charging pile; the second end of the second inductor and the second end of the third inductor are respectively connected with the first end and the second end of the motor controller; the third end of the motor controller is used for being connected with the second output end of the charging pile; the fourth end of the motor controller is used for connecting a first input end of a battery; the fifth end of the motor controller is used for being connected with the second input end of the battery;
the first output end of the charging pile is connected with the first end of the capacitor, the second end of the capacitor is connected with the first end of the capacitor switch, and the second end of the capacitor switch is connected with the second output end of the charging pile;
the motor controller is used for controlling the second end of the second inductor and the second end of the third inductor to be respectively connected with the second output end of the charging pile, or controlling the second end of the second inductor and the second end of the third inductor to be respectively connected with the first input end of the battery, so that the voltage output by the charging pile is increased and then is output to the battery;
and the capacitance switch is used for being closed when the output voltage of the charging pile is smaller than the charging voltage of the battery.
As a possible embodiment, the motor controller includes: an inverter and a control unit; the inverter comprises a first switching tube, a second switching tube, a third switching tube, a fourth switching tube, a fifth switching tube and a sixth switching tube;
the first end of the first switching tube, the first end of the second switching tube and the first end of the third switching tube are used for being connected with the first input end of the battery; the second end of the first switching tube is connected with the first end of the fourth switching tube; the second end of the second switching tube is connected with the first end of the fifth switching tube; the second end of the third switching tube is connected with the first end of the sixth switching tube; the second end of the fourth switching tube, the second end of the fifth switching tube and the second end of the sixth switching tube are used for being connected with the second input end of the battery;
the second end of the first inductor is connected with the second end of the first switching tube, the second end of the second inductor is connected with the second end of the second switching tube, and the second end of the third inductor is connected with the second end of the third switching tube.
As a possible implementation manner, the control unit is configured to control the fourth switching tube to be turned off;
the control unit is further configured to control the fifth switching tube and the sixth switching tube to be both closed, so that the second end of the second inductor and the second end of the third inductor are respectively connected to the second output end of the charging pile; or, the fifth switching tube and the sixth switching tube are controlled to be disconnected, so that the second end of the second inductor and the second end of the third inductor are connected with the first input end of the battery through diodes in the second switching tube and the third switching tube.
As a possible implementation, the method further includes: a first switch and a second switch;
the first end of the first switch is connected with the second end of the first inductor; the second end of the first switch is used for being connected with the first output end of the charging pile; the first end of the second switch is used for connecting the first input end of the battery; the second end of the second switch is used for being connected with the first output end of the charging pile;
the control unit is further used for closing the first switch and disconnecting the second switch when the output voltage of the charging pile is smaller than the charging voltage of the battery.
As a possible implementation, the capacitive switch is specifically configured to: closed when the first switch is closed and open when the first switch is open.
As a possible implementation, the method further includes: a clutch;
and the clutch is used for enabling the rotor of the motor to be disconnected from the electric shaft when the first switch is closed.
As a possible implementation, the method further includes: a parking device;
and the parking device is used for fixing the rotor of the motor when the first switch is closed.
As a possible embodiment, the clutch of the electric vehicle is a single-phase clutch, and the motor controller is further configured to control the rotor of the motor to rotate to a horizontal position where a magnetic field direction of the rotor and a magnetic field direction of the stator are at the same level when the first switch is closed.
As a possible implementation, the motor controller is specifically configured to: when the position of the rotor is in a first range, controlling the voltage of the rotor to be a preset voltage so as to enable the rotor of the motor to rotate to a position where the magnetic field direction of the rotor and the magnetic field direction of the stator are at the same horizontal position; and when the position of the rotor is in a second range, applying preset torque to the rotor so as to enable the rotor to rotate to a position corresponding to the first range.
According to the electric automobile charging system that provides above-mentioned, this application still provides an electric automobile, includes: the motor comprises a motor inductor, a motor controller, a battery, a capacitor and a capacitor switch;
the motor inductor comprises a first inductor, a second inductor and a third inductor; the first end of the first inductor, the first end of the second inductor and the first end of the third inductor are connected;
the second end of the first inductor is used for being connected with a first output end of the charging pile; the second end of the second inductor and the second end of the third inductor are respectively connected with the first end and the second end of the motor controller; the third end of the motor controller is used for being connected with the second output end of the charging pile; the fourth end of the motor controller is used for being connected with a first input end of the battery; the fifth end of the motor controller is connected with the second input end of the battery;
the first output end of the charging pile is connected with the first end of the capacitor, the second end of the capacitor is connected with the first end of the capacitor switch, and the second end of the capacitor switch is connected with the second output end of the charging pile;
the motor controller is used for controlling the second end of the second inductor and the second end of the third inductor to be respectively connected with the second output end of the charging pile, or controlling the second end of the second inductor and the second end of the third inductor to be respectively connected with the first input end of the battery, so that the voltage output by the charging pile is increased and then output to the battery;
and the capacitance switch is used for being closed when the output voltage of the charging pile is smaller than the charging voltage of the battery.
According to the technical scheme, the method has the following beneficial effects:
the embodiment of the application provides an electric automobile charging system, includes: the motor comprises a motor inductor, a motor controller, a capacitor and a capacitor switch; the motor inductor comprises a first inductor, a second inductor and a third inductor; the first end of the first inductor, the first end of the second inductor and the first end of the third inductor are connected; the second end of the first inductor is used for being connected with a first output end of the charging pile; the second end of the second inductor and the second end of the third inductor are respectively connected with the first end and the second end of the motor controller; the third end of the motor controller is used for being connected with a second output end of the charging pile; the fourth end of the motor controller is used for connecting the first input end of the battery; the fifth end of the motor controller is used for connecting the second input end of the battery; the first output end of the charging pile is connected with the first end of the capacitor, the second end of the capacitor is connected with the first end of the capacitor switch, and the second end of the capacitor switch is connected with the second output end of the charging pile; the motor controller is used for controlling the second end of the second inductor and the second end of the third inductor to be respectively connected with the second output end of the charging pile, or controlling the second end of the second inductor and the second end of the third inductor to be respectively connected with the first input end of the battery, so that the voltage output by the charging pile is increased and then output to the battery; and the capacitance switch is used for being closed when the output voltage of the charging pile is less than the charging voltage of the battery.
Therefore, the electric vehicle charging system provided by the embodiment of the application uses the motor inductor as the inductor in the voltage boost circuit, and uses the motor controller as the switch and the diode in the voltage boost circuit, so that the original components in the electric vehicle are used to form the voltage boost circuit for charging the battery of the electric vehicle, and the voltage output by the charging pile is increased and then output to the battery. Therefore, the electric automobile charging system provided by the embodiment of the application can match the charging pile with lower output voltage without additionally increasing the booster circuit, so that the cost of the electric automobile charging system is reduced, and the space occupied by the charging system in the electric automobile is also reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electric vehicle charging system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of another electric vehicle charging system provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an electric vehicle charging system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of another electric vehicle charging system provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a motor rotor control method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to help better understand the scheme provided by the embodiment of the present application, before describing the method provided by the embodiment of the present application, a scenario of an application of the scheme of the embodiment of the present application is described.
With the development of new energy, the application of electric vehicles is also more and more extensive. The output voltage of the existing charging pile may be smaller than the rated charging voltage of the battery of the electric automobile. In order to boost the output voltage of the charging pile and thus charge the battery, a boosting circuit may be included in the charging system in the electric vehicle. Through this boost circuit, electric automobile can rise the voltage that fills electric pile output, charges for electric automobile's battery again to make electric automobile can match the lower electric pile that fills of output voltage. However, the additional boost circuit will increase the cost of the electric vehicle and occupy the space of the equipment inside the electric vehicle, so that a battery vehicle charging system with lower cost and smaller occupied space is urgently needed.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present application provides an electric vehicle charging system, in which a motor inductor is used as an inductor in a voltage boost circuit, and a switching tube in a motor controller is used as a switching tube in the voltage boost circuit, so that a voltage boost circuit for charging a battery of an electric vehicle is formed by using original components in the electric vehicle, and a voltage output by a charging pile is increased and then output to the battery. So, the electric automobile charging system that this application embodiment provided can be under the prerequisite that does not additionally increase boost circuit for electric automobile can match the lower electric pile that fills of output voltage, has reduced electric automobile charging system's cost, has also reduced the space that charging system occupies inside the electric automobile.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, embodiments accompanying the drawings are described in detail below.
Referring to fig. 1, the figure is a schematic diagram of an electric vehicle charging system according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, an electric vehicle charging system provided in an embodiment of the present application includes: motor inductor 100 and motor controller 200, capacitor C and capacitor switch W.
The motor inductor 100 comprises a first inductor L1, a second inductor L2 and a third inductor L3; the first terminal of the first inductor L1, the first terminal of the second inductor L2 and the first terminal of the third inductor L3 are connected.
A second end of the first inductor L1 is used for connecting a first output end of the charging pile 300; a second end of the second inductor L2 and a second end of the third inductor L3 are respectively connected to a first end 1 and a second end 2 of the motor controller 200; the third end 3 of the motor controller 200 is used for connecting a second output end of the charging pile 300; the fourth end 4 of the motor controller 200 is used for connecting to a first input end of the battery 400; the fifth terminal 5 of the motor controller 200 is used for connecting to a second input terminal of the battery 400.
Fill electric pile 300's first output end and connect the first end of electric capacity C, electric capacity C's second end is connected the first end of capacitive switch W, and the second output of electric pile 300 is filled in capacitive switch W's second end connection.
And the motor controller 200 is configured to control the second end of the second inductor L2 and the second end of the third inductor L3 to be connected to the second output end of the charging pile 300, respectively, or control the second end of the second inductor L2 and the second end of the third inductor L3 to be connected to the first input end of the battery 400, respectively, so that the voltage output by the charging pile 300 is increased and then output to the battery 400.
And a capacitance switch W for closing when the output voltage of the charging pile 300 is less than the charging voltage of the battery 400.
For convenience of description, the first output end of the charging pile is taken as a positive output end, and the first input end of the battery is taken as a positive electrode, which is used as an example to describe the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that when the motor controller controls the second end of the second inductor and the second end of the third inductor to be respectively connected to the second output end of the charging pile, the current flows out from the positive output end of the charging pile, passes through the first inductor, then flows through the second inductor and the third inductor, and flows into the negative electrode of the charging pile through the motor controller. So, connecting in parallel of motor inductance between the positive output end and the negative output end of filling electric pile, fill electric pile and charge for the inductance, the electric current increase on the inductance.
When the second end of the second inductor and the second end of the third inductor are controlled by the motor controller to be connected with the second output end of the charging pile 300 respectively, the current flows out from the positive output end of the charging pile and flows through the first inductor, then flows through the second inductor and the third inductor, and flows into the positive pole of the battery through the motor controller. Then the current flows out from the negative pole of battery, flows through machine controller, flows into the negative output that fills electric pile. So, fill electric pile and motor inductance series connection and charge for the battery, the electric current on the motor inductance reduces. Because fill electric pile and motor inductance series connection and charge for the battery, the charging voltage at battery both ends is greater than the voltage that fills electric pile output to the voltage that makes to fill electric pile output risees the back and exports for the battery.
It should be understood that the capacitive switch W provided in the embodiment of the present application is closed when the output voltage of the charging pile is smaller than the charging voltage of the battery, and otherwise, is opened. When the output voltage of charging stake is greater than or equal to the charging voltage of battery, motor controller need not be used for stepping up, and electric capacity C connects and does not have actual effect between the positive input end of charging stake and the negative input end, avoids electric capacity C to be filled the great voltage of stake output and harms on the contrary, and is higher to electric capacity C's withstand voltage value's requirement. This application embodiment utilizes capacitive switch, and when the output voltage who fills electric pile is great, in time the disconnection fills electric pile and is connected with electric capacity C to make electric capacity C's withstand voltage value can be less than the charging voltage of battery, reduce electric capacity C's cost.
Referring to fig. 2, the figure is a schematic view of another electric vehicle charging system provided in the embodiment of the present application.
The positive output terminal of the charging pile 300 in the embodiment of the present application may also be connected to the first terminal of the first inductor L1, and the second terminal of the first inductor L1 is connected to the sixth terminal 6 of the motor controller 200. In this way, the current output by the charging pile can simultaneously flow into the motor controller through the first inductor L1, the second inductor L2 and the third inductor L3. However, the neutral line of the motor inductor needs to be led out, the improvement cost is high, and the inductance value of the motor inductor is low due to the fact that three inductors in the motor inductor are connected in parallel, and therefore the boosting efficiency is low.
As a possible implementation manner, an embodiment of the present application provides a motor controller including: an inverter and a control unit; the inverter comprises a first group of switching tubes and a second group of switching tubes; the control unit is used for controlling the first group of switching tubes to be closed so that the second end of the second inductor and the second end of the third inductor are respectively connected with the second output end of the charging pile; or, the first group of switching tubes is controlled to be switched off, so that the second end of the second inductor and the second end of the third inductor are connected with the first input end of the battery through diodes in the second group of switching tubes.
The first to fifth switching tubes provided in the embodiments of the present application may be Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs) or Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect transistors (MOSFETs).
The specific structures of the first group of switching tubes and the second group of switching tubes provided by the embodiments of the present application will be specifically described below by taking IGBTs as examples and referring to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 3, the figure is a schematic diagram of an electric vehicle charging system according to an embodiment of the present application.
As a possible implementation manner, as shown in fig. 3, a motor controller 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application includes: an inverter 201 and a control unit 202; the inverter comprises a first switching tube K1, a second switching tube K2, a third switching tube K3, a fourth switching tube K4, a fifth switching tube K5 and a sixth switching tube K6;
the first end of the first switching tube K1, the first end of the second switching tube K2 and the first end of the third switching tube K3 are used for connecting a first input end of the battery 400; the second end of the first switch tube K1 is connected with the first end of the fourth switch tube K4; the second end of the second switch tube K2 is connected with the first end of the fifth switch tube K5; the second end of the third switching tube K3 is connected with the first end of the sixth switching tube K6; the second end of the fourth switching tube K4, the second end of the fifth switching tube K5 and the second end of the sixth switching tube K6 are used for connecting the second input end of the battery 400;
a second end of the first inductor L1 is connected to a second end of the first switching tube K1, a second end of the second inductor L2 is connected to a second end of the second switching tube K2, and a second end of the third inductor L3 is connected to a second end of the third switching tube K3.
And the control unit is used for controlling the fourth switching tube K4 to be disconnected.
The control unit is further used for controlling the fifth switching tube K5 and the sixth switching tube K6 to be closed, so that the second end of the second inductor and the second end of the third inductor are respectively connected with the second output end of the charging pile; or, the fifth switching tube K5 and the sixth switching tube K6 are both controlled to be turned off, so that the second end of the second inductor and the second end of the third inductor are connected to the first input end of the battery through the diodes in the second switching tube K2 and the third switching tube K3.
It should be understood that when the control unit 202 controls the fourth switching tube K4 to be opened and the fifth switching tube K5 and the sixth switching tube K6 are both closed, the current flowing from the positive output end of the charging pile 300 flows into the negative output end of the charging pile 300 through the closed fifth switching tube K5 and the closed sixth switching tube K6 after passing through the motor inductor 100. When the control unit 202 controls the fifth switching tube K5 and the sixth switching tube K6 to be turned off, the current flowing from the positive output end of the charging pile 300 flows through the motor inductor 100, flows into the positive electrode of the battery 400 through the diode in the second switching tube and the diode in the third switching tube, then flows out from the negative electrode of the battery 400, and flows into the negative output end of the charging pile 300.
The above structure of the motor controller is only an example, and the solution provided by the present application can be implemented as long as the circuit can achieve the effect of the switch and the diode in the boost circuit, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited herein.
In order to stabilize the voltage output by the charging pile, as a possible implementation manner, the electric vehicle charging system provided by the embodiment of the application may further include: and (4) a capacitor. Specifically, a first end of the capacitor is connected with a positive output end of the charging pile; the second end of the capacitor is connected with the negative output end of the charging pile. It should be understood that the capacitor is connected in parallel between the first output end and the second output end of the charging pile, and the effect of stabilizing the output voltage of the charging pile can be achieved, so that the voltage output by the charging pile is stable.
Referring to fig. 4, the figure is a schematic view of another electric vehicle charging system provided in the embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 4, the charging system provided in the embodiment of the present application may further include: a first switch Q1 and a second switch Q2. A first end of the first switch Q1 is connected to a second end of the first inductor L1; a second end of the first switch Q1 is used for connecting a first output end of the charging pile 300; a first terminal of the second switch Q2 is for connection to a first input terminal of the battery 400; a second end of the second switch Q2 is used for connecting a first output end of the charging pile 300; the control unit 202 is further configured to close the first switch Q1 and open the second switch Q2 when the output voltage of the charging pile 300 is less than the charging voltage of the battery 400.
It should be understood that when the first switch Q1 is closed and the second switch Q2 is opened, the voltage output by the charging post 300 will be boosted by the motor inductor 100 and the motor controller 200 and then output to the battery 400. At this moment, the capacitance switch W is closed, and the voltage output by the charging pile is stabilized by the capacitor C. When the first switch Q1 is opened and the second switch Q2 is closed, the output voltage of the charging post 300 is directly charged to the battery 400. At this moment, the capacitor switch W is disconnected, and the output voltage of the charging pile is prevented from damaging the capacitor C. Therefore, when the output voltage of the charging post 300 is less than the charging voltage of the battery 400, the first switch Q1 may be closed and the second switch Q2 may be opened, so that the battery may be charged through the charging post having a smaller output voltage. When the output voltage of the charging post 300 is equal to or greater than the charging voltage of the battery 400, the second switch Q2 may be closed, and the first switch Q1 may be opened, so that the battery may be charged through the charging post with the output voltage greater than or equal to the output voltage.
When the charging circuit is used for charging the battery, the applicant finds that the rotor of the motor rotates to drive the electric automobile to generate displacement due to the difference of currents in the first inductor, the second inductor and the third inductor in the motor inductor, so that the electric automobile generates displacement during charging, and safety risk is brought. In order to solve this problem, three schemes are provided as examples in the embodiments of the present application, and the three schemes provided in the embodiments of the present application will be described below.
As a possible implementation manner, the electric vehicle charging system provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes: a clutch. The clutch is used for enabling the rotor of the motor to be disconnected from the electric shaft when the first switch is closed. It will be appreciated that when the first switch is closed and the battery of the electric vehicle is being charged through the motor inductance and the motor controller, an uneven current will be generated in the motor inductance, thereby causing the rotor of the motor to disengage from the electric shaft. Therefore, when the rotor of the motor rotates, the electric shaft is not driven to rotate, and the electric automobile is prevented from generating displacement.
As another possible implementation manner, an electric vehicle charging system provided in an embodiment of the present application further includes: a parking device. And the parking device is used for fixing the rotor of the motor when the first switch is closed. It should be understood that when the first switch is closed, the battery of the electric vehicle is being charged through the motor inductor and the motor controller, and uneven current is generated on the motor inductor, so that the rotor of the motor can be fixed through the parking device, and the electric vehicle is prevented from being displaced.
As another possible implementation manner, the clutch of the electric vehicle provided in the embodiment of the present application is a single-phase clutch, and the motor controller is further configured to control the rotor of the motor to rotate to a horizontal position where a magnetic field direction of the rotor and a magnetic field direction of the stator are at the same horizontal position when the first switch is closed.
Specifically, the motor controller is specifically configured to: when the position of the rotor is in a first range, controlling the voltage of the stator to be a preset voltage so as to enable the rotor of the motor to rotate to a position where the magnetic field direction of the rotor and the magnetic field direction of the stator are at the same horizontal position; and when the position of the rotor is in the second range, applying preset torque to the rotor so as to enable the rotor to rotate to a position corresponding to the first range. It should be understood that when the rotor is rotated to a position where the magnetic field direction of the rotor is at the same level as the magnetic field direction of the stator, the rotor is rotated without generating a positive torque. If the rotor rotates to generate negative torque, the electric automobile can not be displaced by the negative torque because the clutch of the electric automobile is a single-phase clutch.
Referring to fig. 5, the figure is a schematic view of a motor rotor control method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
As an example, with a position where the rotation direction of the rotor is the same as the magnetic field direction of the stator being 0 °, when the rotor position of the motor is 45 ° to 180 °, a preset torque, which is a negative torque, is applied to the rotor of the motor so that the position of the rotor of the motor is 0 ° to 45 °, and then a preset voltage is applied to the stator so that the position of the rotor is 5 ° to-5 °, that is, the rotor of the motor rotates to a position where the magnetic field direction of the rotor and the magnetic field direction of the stator are at the same level.
When the rotor position of the motor is in 225 ° to 360 °, a preset torque, which is a negative torque, is applied to the rotor of the motor so that the rotor position of the motor is in 180 ° to 225 °, and then a negative preset voltage is applied to the stator so that the rotor position is in 175 ° to 185 °, that is, the rotor of the motor rotates to the same horizontal position as the magnetic field direction of the stator.
In a practical application, when the negative torque is applied, if the rotor of the motor does not reach a position (45 ° to 180 ° or 180 ° to 225 °) where the preset voltage is applied, the negative torque may be reapplied and the position of the rotor of the motor may be measured again until the rotor reaches a position where the preset voltage may be applied. When the rotor of the motor is located at a position (45 ° to 180 ° or 180 ° to 225 °) where the preset voltage is applied, the preset voltage may be directly applied to the stator without applying the preset torque to the rotor, so that the direction of the magnetic field of the rotor rotating the motor is located at the same horizontal position as the direction of the magnetic field of the stator.
To sum up, the electric automobile charging system that this application embodiment provided through utilizing the inductance of motor as the inductance in the boost circuit, regards motor controller as switch and diode in the boost circuit to utilize original part among the electric automobile, constituted the boost circuit that charges for the electric automobile battery, so that the output is exported for the battery after the voltage that fills electric pile output risees. So, the electric automobile charging system that this application embodiment provided can be under the prerequisite that does not additionally increase boost circuit for electric automobile can match the lower electric pile that fills of output voltage, has reduced electric automobile charging system's cost, has also reduced the space that charging system occupies inside the electric automobile.
According to the electric automobile charging system provided by the embodiment, the embodiment of the application further provides an electric automobile.
Referring to fig. 6, the figure is a schematic view of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 6, an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application includes: motor inductor 100 and motor controller 200, battery 400, capacitor C, and capacitor switch W.
The motor inductor 100 comprises a first inductor L1, a second inductor L2 and a third inductor L3; the first terminal of the first inductor L1, the first terminal of the second inductor L2 and the first terminal of the third inductor L3 are connected.
A second end of the first inductor L1 is used for connecting a first output end of the charging pile 300; a second end of the second inductor L2 and a second end of the third inductor L3 are respectively connected to a first end 1 and a second end 2 of the motor controller 200; the third end 3 of the motor controller 200 is used for connecting a second output end of the charging pile 300; the fourth terminal 4 of the motor controller 200 is used for connecting a first input terminal of the battery 400; fifth terminal 5 of motor controller 200 is connected to a second input terminal of battery 400.
Fill electric pile 300's first output end and connect the first end of electric capacity C, electric capacity C's second end is connected the first end of capacitive switch W, and the second output of electric pile 300 is filled in capacitive switch W's second end connection.
And the motor controller 200 is configured to control the second end of the second inductor L2 and the second end of the third inductor L3 to be connected to the second output end of the charging pile 300, respectively, or control the second end of the second inductor L2 and the second end of the third inductor L3 to be connected to the first input end of the battery 400, respectively, so that the voltage output by the charging pile 300 is increased and then output to the battery 400.
And a capacitance switch W for closing when the output voltage of the charging pile 300 is less than the charging voltage of the battery 400.
The embodiment of the application provides an electric automobile charging system, through utilizing the inductance in the motor inductance conduct booster circuit, regard motor controller as switch and diode in the booster circuit, thereby utilize original part among the electric automobile, the booster circuit who charges has been constituted for the electric automobile battery, so that output for the battery after the voltage that fills electric pile output risees, can be under the prerequisite that does not additionally increase booster circuit, make electric automobile can match the lower electric pile that fills of output voltage, electric automobile charging system's cost has been reduced, the space that charging system took inside the electric automobile has also been reduced.
As can be seen from the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that all or part of the steps in the above embodiment methods can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be essentially or partially implemented in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a storage medium, such as a ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network communication device such as a media gateway, etc.) to execute the method according to the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of the present application.
It should be noted that, in the present specification, the embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other. For the method disclosed by the embodiment, the method corresponds to the system disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the system part for description.
It should also be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description of the disclosed embodiments will enable those skilled in the art to make or use the various modifications of these embodiments as are suited to the particular use contemplated, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. An electric vehicle charging system, comprising: the motor comprises a motor inductor, a motor controller, a capacitor and a capacitor switch;
the motor inductor comprises a first inductor, a second inductor and a third inductor; the first end of the first inductor, the first end of the second inductor and the first end of the third inductor are connected;
the second end of the first inductor is used for being connected with a first output end of the charging pile; the second end of the second inductor and the second end of the third inductor are respectively connected with the first end and the second end of the motor controller; the third end of the motor controller is used for being connected with the second output end of the charging pile; the fourth end of the motor controller is used for connecting a first input end of a battery; the fifth end of the motor controller is used for being connected with the second input end of the battery;
the first output end of the charging pile is connected with the first end of the capacitor, the second end of the capacitor is connected with the first end of the capacitor switch, and the second end of the capacitor switch is connected with the second output end of the charging pile;
the motor controller is used for controlling the second end of the second inductor and the second end of the third inductor to be respectively connected with the second output end of the charging pile, or controlling the second end of the second inductor and the second end of the third inductor to be respectively connected with the first input end of the battery, so that the voltage output by the charging pile is increased and then is output to the battery;
and the capacitance switch is used for being closed when the output voltage of the charging pile is smaller than the charging voltage of the battery.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the motor controller comprises: an inverter and a control unit; the inverter comprises a first switching tube, a second switching tube, a third switching tube, a fourth switching tube, a fifth switching tube and a sixth switching tube;
the first end of the first switching tube, the first end of the second switching tube and the first end of the third switching tube are used for being connected with the first input end of the battery; the second end of the first switching tube is connected with the first end of the fourth switching tube; the second end of the second switching tube is connected with the first end of the fifth switching tube; the second end of the third switching tube is connected with the first end of the sixth switching tube; the second end of the fourth switching tube, the second end of the fifth switching tube and the second end of the sixth switching tube are used for connecting a second input end of the battery;
the second end of the first inductor is connected with the second end of the first switching tube, the second end of the second inductor is connected with the second end of the second switching tube, and the second end of the third inductor is connected with the second end of the third switching tube.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the control unit is configured to control the fourth switching tube to be turned off;
the control unit is further configured to control the fifth switching tube and the sixth switching tube to be both closed, so that the second end of the second inductor and the second end of the third inductor are respectively connected to the second output end of the charging pile; or, the fifth switching tube and the sixth switching tube are controlled to be disconnected, so that the second end of the second inductor and the second end of the third inductor are connected with the first input end of the battery through diodes in the second switching tube and the third switching tube.
4. The system of claim 3, further comprising: a first switch and a second switch;
the first end of the first switch is connected with the second end of the first inductor; the second end of the first switch is used for being connected with the first output end of the charging pile; the first end of the second switch is used for connecting the first input end of the battery; the second end of the second switch is used for being connected with the first output end of the charging pile;
the control unit is further used for closing the first switch and disconnecting the second switch when the output voltage of the charging pile is smaller than the charging voltage of the battery.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the capacitive switch is specifically configured to: closed when the first switch is closed and open when the first switch is open.
6. The system of claim 4, further comprising: a clutch;
and the clutch is used for enabling the rotor of the motor to be disconnected from the electric shaft when the first switch is closed.
7. The system of claim 4, further comprising: a parking device;
and the parking device is used for fixing the rotor of the motor when the first switch is closed.
8. The system of claim 4, wherein the clutch of the electric vehicle is a single-phase clutch, and the motor controller is further configured to control the rotor of the motor to rotate to a horizontal position where the magnetic field direction of the rotor is at the same level as the magnetic field direction of the stator when the first switch is closed.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein the motor controller is specifically configured to: when the position of the rotor is in a first range, controlling the voltage of the rotor to be a preset voltage so as to enable the rotor of the motor to rotate to a position where the magnetic field direction of the rotor and the magnetic field direction of the stator are at the same horizontal position; and when the position of the rotor is in a second range, applying preset torque to the rotor so as to enable the rotor to rotate to a position corresponding to the first range.
10. An electric vehicle, comprising: the motor comprises a motor inductor, a motor controller, a battery, a capacitor and a capacitor switch;
the motor inductor comprises a first inductor, a second inductor and a third inductor; the first end of the first inductor, the first end of the second inductor and the first end of the third inductor are connected;
the second end of the first inductor is used for being connected with a first output end of the charging pile; the second end of the second inductor and the second end of the third inductor are respectively connected with the first end and the second end of the motor controller; the third end of the motor controller is used for being connected with the second output end of the charging pile; the fourth end of the motor controller is used for being connected with a first input end of the battery; the fifth end of the motor controller is connected with the second input end of the battery;
the first output end of the charging pile is connected with the first end of the capacitor, the second end of the capacitor is connected with the first end of the capacitor switch, and the second end of the capacitor switch is connected with the second output end of the charging pile;
the motor controller is used for controlling the second end of the second inductor and the second end of the third inductor to be respectively connected with the second output end of the charging pile, or controlling the second end of the second inductor and the second end of the third inductor to be respectively connected with the first input end of the battery, so that the voltage output by the charging pile is increased and then is output to the battery;
and the capacitance switch is used for being closed when the output voltage of the charging pile is smaller than the charging voltage of the battery.
CN202111342636.0A 2021-11-12 2021-11-12 Electric automobile charging system and electric automobile Active CN114701376B (en)

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