CN114698545A - Breeding method for improving appearance quality of soft rice - Google Patents
Breeding method for improving appearance quality of soft rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN114698545A CN114698545A CN202210170377.6A CN202210170377A CN114698545A CN 114698545 A CN114698545 A CN 114698545A CN 202210170377 A CN202210170377 A CN 202210170377A CN 114698545 A CN114698545 A CN 114698545A
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- appearance quality
- chalky
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title description 37
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000000306 recurrent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000856 Amylose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009394 selective breeding Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000003147 molecular marker Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000012214 genetic breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003752 polymerase chain reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 240000008467 Oryza sativa Japonica Group Species 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
- A01H1/045—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection using molecular markers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/06—Processes for producing mutations, e.g. treatment with chemicals or with radiation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a breeding method for improving the appearance quality of soft rice, and belongs to the field of crop genetic breeding. The method is characterized in that a mutant with extremely low chalky grain rate and chalkiness degree and high transparency of rice appearance is used as a parent, the mutant is hybridized with soft rice with poor appearance quality, backcross and selfing are carried out for many times, molecular markers and an appearance scanner are added for screening, a good strain with transparent appearance quality is bred, and finally a new strain of soft rice with transparent appearance quality is bred. The invention aims at single target character, thereby improving breeding efficiency, being used for appearance quality improvement of rice varieties and laying a foundation for rice molecular marker assistance and high-quality breeding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of crop genetic breeding, and particularly relates to a breeding method for improving the appearance quality of soft rice.
Background
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important grain crops in the world, and plays a significant role in guaranteeing grain safety. In recent 30 years, the rice yield of China is continuously improved through implementation of plans such as high-yield breeding, ultrahigh-yield breeding, super rice breeding and green super rice breeding, but the problem of rice quality is more and more prominent. Although the soft japonica rice is popular and touted in the market in taste, the excellent taste japonica rice has common appearance quality. At present, most of rice of low amylose (about 9 percent) soft rice and japonica rice varieties is cloudy in appearance and poor in transparency, lowers the commercial value of the rice, and is difficult to compete with rice in northeast China and Japan (transparent and good in selling) in appearance. Although the transparency of rice can be improved by increasing the water content of rice to 17% or more, it often causes problems such as poor storage stability and even mildew. Before no new soft rice gene resource is found, the rice has the germplasm resource with breeding utilization value and excellent appearance quality, not only can keep the original good taste quality, but also can obviously improve the appearance quality of rice and is transparent.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to improve the defect of common appearance quality of soft rice, and provide a method for improving the appearance quality of soft rice, which utilizes a low chalky mutant to perform hybridization, backcross and selfing with the soft rice with common appearance quality, combines molecular marker auxiliary selection and appearance scanner determination, aims at target characters, improves breeding efficiency, and thus cultivates a new soft rice line with excellent appearance quality.
Technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the specific operation steps are as follows:
a breeding method for improving the appearance quality of soft rice comprises the following steps:
(1) screening a low chalky material in a 'coastal 818' population, wherein the chalky grain rate of the material is 13 percent and the chalky degree is 3.79 percent compared with the wild chalky grain rate, the chalky grain rate and the chalky degree of the material are extremely low, the rice appearance is highly transparent, and the material is used as a parent to improve the appearance quality of soft rice;
(2) the low chalky material is used as a male parent, Nanjing 9108 is selected as a female parent, and hybrid pollination is carried out to collect F1 hybrid seeds;
(3) f1 is planted in season, Nanjing 9108 is used as recurrent parent for backcross, BC1F1 and F2 seeds are collected, Wx is important gene influencing rice quality, and soft rice variety popularized and applied in Jiangsu province mainly utilizes allelic variation gene Wx of Wx genemqPerforming specific amplification on F2 seed seedlings by using PCR (polymerase chain reaction) technology to identify WxmqThree banding patterns occur: low amylose parentThe banding patterns (439bp and 292bp), the mutant banding patterns (439bp and 200bp) and the parental heterozygous banding patterns (439bp, 292bp and 200bp) of the Nanjing 9108 are selected, have transparent appearance and contain WxmqIntermediate material of genes as BC1F1 population;
(4) BC1F1 is planted and backcrossed with recurrent parent 9108, leaves are taken to carry out PCR technology for specific amplification, seeds with double-parent heterozygosis band types (439bp, 292bp and 200bp) are collected for appearance scanning determination, and seeds which are transparent in appearance and contain Wx are selectedmqIntermediate material of genes as BC2F1 population;
(5) repeating the step (4) to obtain BC4F1 all the time, wherein the more backcross times, the closer the progeny genotype is to the recurrent parent;
(6) selfing BC4F1, taking leaves to perform PCR technology for specific amplification, collecting the parental heterozygous banding seeds which are transparent and contain WxmqIntermediate material of genes as BC4F2 population;
(7) and (5) repeating the step (6), and selecting the stable strains until the appearance is transparent and other properties are consistent with the recurrent parent properties.
The male parent is a low chalkiness mutant with extremely low chalkiness rate and chalkiness degree and high transparency of rice appearance.
Using Nanjing 9108 as recurrent parent, and selecting the one with transparent appearance and containing WxmqThe intermediate material of the gene is continuously backcrossed, and the stable strain with transparent appearance quality and the other characters consistent with Nanjing 9108 is obtained by selfing.
Has the advantages that:
the invention aims at single target character, thereby improving breeding efficiency, being used for improving the appearance quality of rice varieties and laying a foundation for rice molecular marker assistance and quality breeding.
Drawings
FIG. 1; the breeding method for improving the appearance quality of soft rice is shown in the figure
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram: appearance analysis of mutant (A) and Nanjing 9108(B) rice with 12% of kernel moisture
FIG. 3: wx in filial generation population of low chalkiness mutant and Nanjing 9108mqGene amplification marker map
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples to assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the present invention.
Example (b): breeding of transparent soft rice strain with high appearance quality by using 'coastal 818' low chalkiness mutant
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) in 2018 summer, in Jiangsu saline city, the Nanjing 9108 is used as a female parent, the coastal 818 low-chalky mutant is used as a male parent for artificial hybridization, and hybrid seeds are harvested to obtain F1 generation seeds;
(2) f1 generation is planted in Hainan in 2018 in three-generation in Hainan in winter, backcross is carried out by taking Nanjing 9108 as a male parent, BC1F1 seeds are harvested after maturation, and a BC1F1 population is determined by molecular marker-assisted selection and appearance scanning determination.
(3) Planting a BC1F1 population in Jiangsu Yancheng in 2019 summer, backcrossing with Nanjing 9108 as a male parent, harvesting BC2F1 seeds after maturation, and determining a BC2F1 population by molecular marker-assisted selection and appearance scanning determination;
(4) the BC2F1 population is planted in Hainan trillion in 2019 in winter, backcross is carried out by taking Nanjing 9108 as a male parent, BC3F1 seeds are harvested after maturation, and the BC3F1 population is determined by molecular marker-assisted selection and appearance scanning determination;
(5) planting a BC3F1 population in Jiangsu Yancheng in 2020 in summer, backcrossing with Nanjing 9108 as a male parent, harvesting BC4F1 seeds after maturation, and determining a BC4F1 population by molecular marker-assisted selection and appearance scanning measurement;
(6) planting BC4F1 population in Hainan trillion in 2020 winter, selfing to obtain BC4F2 seed, and determining BC4F2 population by molecular marker assisted selection and appearance scanning measurement;
(7) and planting a BC4F2 population in Jiangsu saline city in summer of 2021, selfing to obtain BC4F3 seeds, and determining the BC4F3 population by molecular marker-assisted selection and appearance scanning measurement.
(8) Planting BC4F3 colony in Hainan in winter of 2021, collecting leaves, and selecting by molecular marker to collect Wx-containingmqSelecting soft rice with transparent appearance as a new strain by the determination of an appearance scanner;
(9) in 2022 summer, the strain is planted in Jiangsu salt city and propagated, and leaves are selected by molecular marker-assisted selection to collect Wx-containing strainmqAnd (4) selecting soft rice with transparent appearance as a new strain line by the determination of an appearance scanner.
(10) And (5) repeating the step (9) until a stable transparent soft rice new line is selected.
According to the invention, aiming at single target characters, the method of molecular marker assisted selection and appearance scanner determination is utilized in the breeding process, so that the year for realizing the breeding target is shortened, the breeding process is accelerated, the breeding efficiency is improved, the investment is reduced, the breeding cost is reduced, the method can be used for improving the appearance quality of rice varieties, and an example basis is provided for molecular marker assisted breeding and quality breeding.
It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, modifications and variations can be made without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, and these are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A breeding method for improving the appearance quality of soft rice is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) screening out a low chalky material in the 'coastal 818' population, wherein the chalky grain rate is 13 percent compared with the wild chalky grain rate, the chalky degree is 3.79 percent, the appearance of the material is highly transparent, and the material is used as a parent to improve the appearance quality of soft rice;
(2) the low chalky material is used as a male parent, Nanjing 9108 is selected as a female parent, and hybrid pollination is carried out to collect F1 hybrid seeds;
(3) f1 is planted in the season, Nanjing 9108 is used as a recurrent parent for backcross, BC1F1 and F2 seeds are collected, and PCR technology is carried out on F2 seed seedlings for specific amplification to identify WxmqThree banding patterns occur: the low amylose parent Nanjing 9108 has the band types (439bp and 292bp), the mutant band types (439bp and 200bp) and the parental heterozygous band types (439bp, 292bp and 200bp), is selected to have transparent appearance and contain WxmqIntermediate material of genes as BC1F1 population;
(4) BC1F1 speciesBackcrossing with recurrent parent 9108, taking leaves, performing PCR technology for specific amplification, collecting the seeds of the parents' heterozygous bands (439bp, 292bp and 200bp), performing appearance scanning measurement, selecting seeds with transparent appearance and containing WxmqIntermediate material of genes as BC2F1 population;
(5) repeating the step (4) to obtain BC4F1 all the time, wherein the more backcross times, the closer the offspring genotype is to the recurrent parent;
(6) selfing BC4F1, taking leaves to perform PCR technology for specific amplification, collecting the parental heterozygous banding seeds which are transparent and contain WxmqIntermediate material of genes as BC4F2 population;
(7) and (5) repeating the step (6), and selecting the stable strains until the appearance is transparent and other properties are consistent with the recurrent parent properties.
2. A selective breeding method for improving the appearance quality of soft rice according to claim 1, characterized in that the male parent is a low chalky mutant with very low chalky grain rate and chalky degree, and the appearance of rice is highly transparent.
3. The selective breeding method for improving the appearance and quality of soft rice according to claim 1, wherein Nanjing 9108 with better palatability is used as a recurrent parent, is transparent in appearance and contains WxmqAnd (3) continuously backcrossing the intermediate material of the gene, and continuously selfing after backcrossing for multiple generations to select a stable plant line with transparent appearance quality and other characters consistent with the recurrent parent.
4. The recurrent selection breeding method can be matched with soft rice with poor appearance quality and good taste quality to breed a new soft rice strain with good appearance quality.
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| CN202210170377.6A CN114698545A (en) | 2022-02-19 | 2022-02-19 | Breeding method for improving appearance quality of soft rice |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111011205A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-17 | 江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所 | Method for creating low-chalkiness high-rice-blast-resistance fragrant soft rice germplasm |
| CN111296273A (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-06-19 | 上海市农业科学院 | Breeding method of hybrid rice restorer line with soft rice gene |
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- 2022-02-19 CN CN202210170377.6A patent/CN114698545A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111011205A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-17 | 江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所 | Method for creating low-chalkiness high-rice-blast-resistance fragrant soft rice germplasm |
| CN111296273A (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-06-19 | 上海市农业科学院 | Breeding method of hybrid rice restorer line with soft rice gene |
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