CN114698428B - Automatic production line for cutting whole sugarcane, soaking seeds and screening healthy sugarcane seeds - Google Patents
Automatic production line for cutting whole sugarcane, soaking seeds and screening healthy sugarcane seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN114698428B CN114698428B CN202210311207.5A CN202210311207A CN114698428B CN 114698428 B CN114698428 B CN 114698428B CN 202210311207 A CN202210311207 A CN 202210311207A CN 114698428 B CN114698428 B CN 114698428B
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- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
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- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 42
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
- B07B13/04—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices according to size
- B07B13/065—Apparatus for grading or sorting using divergent conveyor belts or cables
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
- B07B13/14—Details or accessories
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
- B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
- B26D1/12—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis
- B26D1/14—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter
- B26D1/143—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter rotating about a stationary axis
- B26D1/15—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter rotating about a stationary axis with vertical cutting member
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
- B26D7/01—Means for holding or positioning work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
- B26D7/06—Arrangements for feeding or delivering work of other than sheet, web, or filamentary form
- B26D7/0625—Arrangements for feeding or delivering work of other than sheet, web, or filamentary form by endless conveyors, e.g. belts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
- B26D7/27—Means for performing other operations combined with cutting
- B26D7/32—Means for performing other operations combined with cutting for conveying or stacking cut product
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B57/00—Automatic control, checking, warning, or safety devices
- B65B57/20—Applications of counting devices for controlling the feed of articles
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses an automatic production line for cutting whole sugarcane, soaking seeds and screening healthy sugarcane seeds, which comprises the following steps: (1) Firstly, cutting whole-stem sugarcane by using a whole-stem cutting device to obtain seed stems; (2) Conveying the cut seed stems to a seed soaking device through a conveying belt for seed soaking treatment; (3) Carrying out secondary seed soaking treatment on the seed stems treated in the step (2) through a secondary seed soaking box; (4) Drying the seed stems conveyed from the step (3) by using a blower or an air knife; (5) Automatically screening the seed stems by using a seed stem screening device to screen the seed stems with different diameter range grades; (6) And (3) respectively placing the seed stems subjected to screening in the step (5) into a conveyor belt, counting by using an automatic straightening counting device, and packaging by using a packaging machine. The application can realize automatic integrated production of automatic seed soaking, automatic screening, automatic straightening counting and automatic packaging, greatly reduces labor cost, obviously improves production efficiency, has good use effect and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of automatic production of healthy sugarcane seed stems, in particular to an automatic production line of healthy sugarcane seed stems for cutting, seed soaking and screening of whole sugarcane stems.
Background
With the continuous development of sugarcane seed stem production technology, a small number of devices capable of realizing automatic seed stem cutting are present, but the automatic seed soaking and screening disclosures for the seed stems after cutting are relatively less, and particularly, the problems of thorough and systematic disinfection and sterilization of the seed stems are difficult to solve in terms of seed soaking technology, such as the need of preventing pineapple diseases, smut and the like, killing some pests such as sugarcane borers and eggs thereof and the like, and the difficulty is mainly that the stem nodes of the sugarcane seed stems are generally coated with sundries such as sugarcane leaves, wax and the like, so that the thorough killing of some pests, particularly eggs and the like is difficult to achieve, and if the killing is not thorough, the situations of bacteria-contaminated necrosis and the like occur in a precooling dormancy period for a long time before the sugarcane seed stems are planted, because a plurality of seed stems are generally placed in the same packaging bag, once one seed stem is in a long bacteria burst, the other seed stems are easy to infect, and the quality of the seed stems is seriously affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides an automatic production line for healthy sugarcane seed stems with good use effect aiming at the technical problems.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme:
an automatic production line for cutting whole sugarcane, soaking seeds and screening healthy sugarcane seeds comprises the following steps:
(1) Firstly, cutting whole-stem sugarcane by using a whole-stem cutting device to obtain seed stems;
(2) Conveying the cut seed stems to a seed soaking device through a conveying belt for seed soaking treatment, wherein the seed soaking treatment process comprises the following steps of: the seed stems are conveyed to the position below the liquid level of the seed soaking groove, ozone is mixed by adopting a gas-water turbine mixer, and an ultrasonic wave generating device of the seed soaking device is combined for disinfection and sterilization; finally, the seed stems are transferred out of the seed soaking groove or the spray pipe is used again for carrying out ozone water high-pressure spray washing in the process of transferring the seed stems upwards;
(3) Transferring the seed stems treated in the step (2) to a secondary seed soaking box through a conveyor belt for secondary seed soaking treatment, wherein seed soaking liquid of the secondary seed soaking box comprises insecticide, bactericide, rooting agent, tillering promoting agent and coating agent;
(4) Drying the seed stems conveyed from the second-stage seed soaking box in the step (3) by using a blower or an air knife;
(5) Automatically screening the seed stems by using a seed stem screening device to screen the seed stems with different diameter range grades;
(6) And (3) respectively placing the seed stems subjected to screening in the step (5) into a conveyor belt, counting by using an automatic straightening counting device, and packaging by using a packaging machine.
Further, the whole-rod cutting device comprises a seed cutter bracket, wherein a horizontal supporting plate is distributed in the middle of the seed cutter bracket; the upper half part of the baffle conveying belt is distributed on the upper plate surface of the horizontal supporting plate; a cutter is also distributed at the front part of the seed cutter bracket; the cutters are distributed on one side of the baffle conveying belt; one side of the cutter is also provided with a sugarcane elastic pressing component; the sugarcane elastic pressing assemblies are distributed above the horizontal supporting plate; the sugarcane elastic pressing assembly comprises a strip-shaped pressing plate, a movable rod, a spring and a supporting arm; the front part and the rear part of the strip-shaped pressing plate are respectively combined with one movable rod; the support arm is provided with a movable limiting hole; the movable rod passes through the movable limiting holes and can be movably distributed, and the upper end of the movable rod is also sleeved with a limiting nut; the springs are also distributed on the movable rod; the springs are distributed between the strip-shaped pressing plate and the supporting arm; the rear end of the strip-shaped pressing plate is designed to be tilted upwards.
Furthermore, a plurality of baffle conveying belts are correspondingly distributed in parallel; the cutter and the sugarcane elastic pressing component are correspondingly provided with a plurality of cutters; the front ends of the baffle conveying belts are driven by the motor through being distributed on the same driving roller tube; the rear ends of the baffle conveying belts are respectively supported by an adjustable roller tube assembly; the adjustable roller tube assembly comprises a conveyor belt roller tube, a supporting screw and a compression nut; the rear end of the seed cutter bracket is provided with a clamping slotted hole; the left end and the right end of the roller tube of the conveyor belt are respectively supported and fixed by combining with one supporting screw rod; the supporting screws correspondingly penetrate through the clamping slotted holes and can be distributed in an adjustable mode; the compression nut comprises a front compression nut and a rear compression nut; the front compression nut and the rear compression nut are distributed on the supporting screw rod and are correspondingly distributed on the front side and the rear side of the clamping slotted hole respectively; the cutter is a saw disc; the saw discs are driven by the motor through being distributed on the same driving rotating shaft; the device also comprises a sugarcane section damping and collecting device; the sugarcane section damping and collecting device comprises a collecting tank, wherein double-layer damping rollers are distributed in the collecting tank; the double-layer damping roller comprises a rotary roller body, wherein the outer wall of the rotary roller body is combined with a plurality of damping plates, and the plate surfaces of the damping plates are parallel or coplanar with the axis of the rotary roller body; a plurality of damping plates are distributed along the rotating roller body for one circle to form a damping plate unit; a plurality of damping plate units are distributed along the axial direction of the rotating roller body; a damping layer is further combined between two adjacent damping plates in the damping plate unit; the shock absorption plate and the shock absorption layer are made of flexible materials or composite plates coated with flexible layers on the outer layers of hard materials; the left end of the horizontal supporting plate is also provided with a sugarcane limiting baffle.
Further, the seed soaking device comprises a seed soaking groove, wherein a seed stem conveying belt, a gas-water turbine mixer, a spraying assembly, an ozone pipe and an ultrasonic wave generating device are distributed in the seed soaking groove; the spraying assembly comprises a spraying pipe and a water pump; the spraying pipes are distributed above the seed stem conveyor belt, and the ozone pipes are distributed at the lower part of the seed soaking groove; the ozone pipe is communicated with the ozone conveying pipeline.
Further, one side of the seed soaking groove is also communicated with a filter screen groove, a filter screen is obliquely distributed in the filter screen groove, the filter screen is obliquely distributed from outside to inside along the filter screen groove, namely the filter screen groove is divided into two parts, the upper half part of the filter screen groove is directly communicated with the seed soaking groove, the lower half part of the filter screen groove is communicated with a water pump water inlet pipe, the water pump water inlet pipe is connected with a water pump, and the water outlet of the water pump is communicated with the spray pipe; the liquid inlet of the gas-water turbine mixer is communicated with the water outlet of the water pump, the air inlet of the gas-water turbine mixer is communicated with the ozone conveying pipeline, and the gas-liquid mixing outlet of the gas-water turbine mixer is communicated with the ozone pipe; the ultrasonic wave generating devices are distributed on the lower side of the bottom surface of the seed soaking groove; the spraying pipes are respectively distributed above the front end and the rear end of the seed stem conveyor belt; a plurality of high-pressure spray heads are distributed on the spray pipe; the chain conveyor belt comprises two chains, a plurality of supporting rods are connected between the two chains, and the supporting rods are distributed at intervals;
or alternatively
The chain conveyor belt is a metal net-shaped conveyor belt.
Further, the seed stem screening device comprises a device body, wherein a belt conveying layer and a screening collecting layer are respectively arranged on the device body, and the screening collecting layer is distributed below the belt conveying layer; the belt conveying layer is provided with a plurality of belts, and the front end and the rear end of the belt conveying layer are respectively driven by the belt wheels; the belts are distributed, the gaps between two adjacent belts at the front end of the belts are a, and the gaps between two adjacent belts at the rear end of the belts are b, wherein a is smaller than b.
Further, a plurality of support cross bars are distributed between the belt pulleys at the two ends, support cross bar fixing grooves are correspondingly formed in the two sides of the device body, and the two ends of the support cross bars can be vertically and movably distributed in the support cross bar fixing grooves; a plurality of U-shaped belt limit grooves are correspondingly distributed on the supporting cross rod; springs are sleeved at two ends of the supporting cross rod; one of the supporting cross bars is also combined with a vibration motor.
Further, the bottom plate of screening collecting layer is slope distribution, and is equipped with a plurality of division boards on its bottom plate correspondence, and its one end is equipped with the discharge gate.
Further, the automatic straightening counting device comprises a straightening conveying belt, baffles are arranged on two sides above the straightening conveying belt, the baffles integrally form a Y shape with a wide front section and a narrow rear section, and an infrared counter or a laser counter is further arranged on the rear section of the baffles on two sides.
Further, the packing machines are correspondingly distributed at the rear side of the automatic straightening and counting device.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that:
1. the seed soaking device disclosed by the application is characterized in that the seed stems are sprayed and washed at high pressure through the spray pipe, and then the sterilization and disinfection modes of ozone, a gas-water turbine mixer and ultrasonic wave mechanical waves are adopted, so that quite remarkable killing effects on germs, ova and the like which are strongly adhered to the seed stems can be realized, meanwhile, the young teeth of the seed stems can be ensured not to be damaged, the budding rate is not influenced, and the problems of subsequent seed stem bacterial infection, lesions and the like are remarkably reduced.
2. According to the application, the seed stems are conveyed by adopting the flexible belt through special arrangement of the belt, and then vibration is applied through the vibration motor, so that the seed stems with different diameter ranges are efficiently and accurately screened on the basis of effectively preventing the damage to the granulation of the seed stems, and the use effect is good.
3. Through being equipped with the filter screen groove and can effectively separate the screening with debris, prevent that debris from causing the jam to the pipeline, simultaneously, the flow of whole seed soaking groove liquid is around the filter screen groove as the center when circulating, through water pump drive circulation, and the solid debris in the seed soaking groove then all drives the upper portion of filter screen and adheres to along the rivers direction, and the filter screen is established to the slope structure, is favorable to directly carrying out quick clear to the solid debris of adhesion and walks, directly perceived and simple operation high efficiency.
4. The application can realize automatic seed cutting of the whole sugarcane, has good seed stem length consistency, can realize automatic seed soaking, automatic screening, automatic straightening counting and automatic packaging and automatic integrated production by loosening the conveyor belt, greatly reduces labor cost, obviously improves production efficiency and has good use effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of the seed soaking device of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the seed soaking device of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the seed stem screening apparatus of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the whole rod cutting device of the present application;
fig. 5 is a partial top view of the self-aligning counter device of the present application.
Detailed Description
The application is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings and detailed description:
in the following embodiments, "front, rear" and the like are directions for convenience of description only, and do not limit the structure of the present application.
An automatic production line for cutting whole sugarcane, soaking seeds and screening healthy sugarcane seeds comprises the following steps:
(1) Firstly, cutting whole-stem sugarcane by using a whole-stem cutting device to obtain seed stems;
(2) Conveying the cut seed stems to a seed soaking device through a conveying belt for seed soaking treatment, wherein the seed soaking treatment process comprises the following steps of: the seed stems are conveyed to the position below the liquid level of the seed soaking groove, ozone is mixed by adopting a gas-water turbine mixer, and an ultrasonic wave generating device of the seed soaking device is combined for disinfection and sterilization; finally, the seed stems are transferred out of the seed soaking groove or the spray pipe is used again for carrying out ozone water high-pressure spray washing in the process of transferring the seed stems upwards;
(3) Transferring the seed stems treated in the step (2) to a secondary seed soaking box through a conveyor belt for secondary seed soaking treatment, wherein seed soaking liquid of the secondary seed soaking box comprises insecticide, bactericide, rooting agent, tillering promoting agent and coating agent;
(4) Drying the seed stems conveyed from the second-stage seed soaking box in the step (3) by using a blower or an air knife;
(5) Automatically screening the seed stems by using a seed stem screening device to screen the seed stems with different diameter range grades;
(6) And (3) respectively placing the seed stems subjected to screening in the step (5) into a conveyor belt, counting by using an automatic straightening counting device, and packaging by using a packaging machine.
As shown in fig. 4, the whole-rod cutting device comprises a seed cutter bracket 24, wherein a horizontal supporting plate 28 is distributed in the middle of the seed cutter bracket 24; further comprising a baffle conveyer belt 29, wherein the upper half part of the baffle conveyer belt 29 is distributed on the upper plate surface of the horizontal supporting plate 28, and the horizontal supporting plate 28 supports the baffle conveyer belt 29 and supports sugarcane resting on the baffle conveyer belt 29; a cutter is also distributed at the front part of the seed cutter bracket; the cutters are distributed on one side of the baffle conveying belt; the cutter of the embodiment adopts a saw disc 47; several saw discs 47 are driven by an electric motor by being distributed on the same drive shaft 36. In the embodiment, the motor bracket 38 is arranged at the front end of the seed cutter bracket to support and fix the motor and the driving rotating shaft 36, and the plurality of saw discs 47 are uniformly driven by one motor during operation, so that the production cost can be reduced, and the popularization of the market is facilitated; of course, the movable rod is also arranged, a plurality of electric saws are movably distributed on the movable rod and then fixed through the bolt sleeve component, so that the electric saws are distributed in a movable adjusting and fixing mode, and the scheme has higher cost and certain convenience for some very special varieties (such as longer or shorter stem joints and regular key stem joints); however, the first solution provides a significant cost advantage, and when applied to the very special variety mentioned above, the saw disc on the drive shaft 36 may be directly adjusted in pitch or replaced directly with another model. The right side of the saw disc 47 is also provided with a sugarcane elastic pressing component 39; the sugarcane elastic pressing assemblies 39 are distributed above the horizontal supporting plate and are used for elastically pressing sugarcane distributed on the baffle conveying belt 29, so that the sugarcane is prevented from falling off or being thrown off in the cutting process. Of course, a plurality of baffle conveyer belts 29 are correspondingly arranged in parallel; the sugarcane elastic pressing component 39 is correspondingly provided with a plurality of sugarcane elastic pressing components, and the sugarcane elastic pressing component 39 is used for extruding the sugarcane segments before and after the sugarcane segments until the sugarcane segments are conveyed to the forefront end by the baffle conveying belt 29 and finally fall off. Therefore, the saw disc 47 and the elastic pressing units 39 are distributed between the two baffle-board conveyors 29, and then the left and right sides of the horizontal support plate 28 in this embodiment are respectively fixed on the left and right horizontal support rods 43, and the saw disc yielding slots 30 are formed on the front side of the horizontal support plate 28 corresponding to the lower portion of the saw disc 47. For the convenience of practical operation, the left end of the horizontal support rod 43 of this embodiment is further provided with a sugarcane limiting baffle 40, and when in use, the left end of the sugarcane is limited and blocked. The sugarcane elastic pressing assembly of the embodiment comprises a strip-shaped pressing plate, a movable rod, a spring and a supporting arm; the front part and the rear part of the strip-shaped pressing plate are respectively combined with one movable rod; the support arm of the embodiment is L-shaped, the lower part of the support arm is provided with a movable limiting hole, and the upper part of the support arm is fixed on the support vertical rod 37 by means of bolts or welding and the like; the movable rods penetrate through the movable limiting holes and can be movably distributed, limiting nuts are sleeved at the upper ends of the movable rods, and of course, gaskets can be filled below the limiting nuts; the springs are also distributed on the movable rod; the springs are distributed between the strip-shaped pressing plate and the supporting arm; the rear end of the strip-shaped pressing plate is designed to be tilted upwards, so that the pressing of the fed sugarcane is facilitated. The front ends of the baffle conveying belts in the embodiment are driven by a motor by being distributed on the same driving roller tube 35; the rear ends of the baffle conveying belts are respectively supported by an adjustable roller tube assembly; the adjustable roller tube assembly includes a conveyor roller tube 27, a support screw 26 and a compression nut; the rear end of the seed cutter bracket is provided with a clamping slot hole, in the embodiment, the seed cutter bracket is provided with an upper horizontal supporting rod 42 and a lower horizontal supporting rod 42, and then a front clamping piece 25 and a rear clamping piece 46 are arranged between the two horizontal supporting rods, and the front clamping piece 25 and the rear clamping piece 46 are respectively provided with a vertically distributed clamping slot hole 45, so that the seed cutter bracket is convenient to adjust up and down; the left end and the right end of the roller tube of the conveyor belt are respectively supported and fixed by combining with one supporting screw rod; the supporting screws correspondingly penetrate through the clamping slotted holes and can be distributed in an adjustable mode; the compression nut comprises a front compression nut 41 and a rear compression nut 44; the front compression nut and the rear compression nut are distributed on the supporting screw rod and are correspondingly distributed on the front side and the rear side of the clamping slotted hole respectively, and the tensioning and the movable adjustment of the upper and lower positions of the baffle conveying belt 29 are realized by adjusting the front compression nut 41 and the rear compression nut 44.
In order to reduce the damage to young teeth caused by the cut sugarcane section falling from a high place, the embodiment is also provided with a sugarcane section damping and collecting device; the sugarcane section damping and collecting device comprises a collecting tank 34 and an inclined plate 31, wherein a flexible plastic film 32 is further arranged at a discharge hole of the collecting tank 34, and the flexible plastic film 32 is used for decelerating sugarcane falling downwards; a double-layer damping roller 33 is distributed in the collecting tank; the double-layer damping roller comprises a rotary roller body, the rotary roller body is driven to rotate by a motor, the outer wall of the rotary roller body is combined with a plurality of damping plates, and the plate surfaces of the damping plates are parallel or coplanar with the axis of the rotary roller body; a plurality of damping plates are distributed along the rotating roller body for one circle to form a damping plate unit; a plurality of damping plate units are distributed along the axial direction of the rotating roller body; the damping layer is also combined between two adjacent damping plates in the damping plate unit, and can be made of rubber materials during preparation, and is similar to the material of a tire inner tube, so that a damping air layer is formed in one circle of damping layer, a good damping effect is achieved, and substances such as sponge and cotton can be filled in the damping air layer. Of course, the damping plate and the damping layer may be made of composite plates coated with a flexible layer on the outer layer of hard material, which falls within the protection scope of the present application.
Of course, the whole stem cutting device can use the technology disclosed in the prior art, other existing technologies can not greatly affect the related technical effects of the application, and the stem cutting device with different technical schemes is simply changed or selected when the main technical scheme of the application is adopted, so that the whole stem cutting device falls into the protection scope of the application.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the seed soaking device comprises a seed soaking groove 1, wherein a seed stem conveying belt, a spraying assembly and an ozone pipe 6 are distributed in the seed soaking groove 1; the seed stem conveyor belt of the embodiment is a chain conveyor belt; the chain conveyor belt comprises two chains 3, a plurality of support rods 2 are connected between the two chains 3, and the support rods 2 are distributed at intervals, so that the degree of hollowness can be improved, and the contact effect of seed stems, ozone water and ultrasonic mechanical waves is ensured; of course, the chain 3 is driven by corresponding gears distributed in the seed soaking groove 1, so as to better realize the soaking effect, the side view of the chain-shaped conveyor belt in the groove is approximately U-shaped, and the chain-shaped conveyor belt can be limited by arranging chain limiting edges on two sides of the seed soaking groove 1 respectively, so that the problems which can be solved by the prior art scheme are solved, and the chain-shaped conveyor belt is not excessively elucidated. The spraying assembly of the embodiment comprises a spraying pipe 5 and a water pump; the spraying pipes 5 are distributed above the seed stem conveyor belt, and the spraying pipes 5 are respectively distributed above the front end and the rear end of the seed stem conveyor belt in the embodiment, namely, in order to spray before the seed stems are immersed below the liquid level or after the seed stems are immersed in the liquid level; the high-pressure spray nozzles 4 are distributed on the spray pipe 5, ozone water is sprayed out of the high-pressure spray nozzles 4 at a high speed by pumping water and pressurizing through a water pump, and spray washing of seed stems is achieved. For preventing to block up and be convenient for carry out convenient clearance to the solid impurity that spray rinsing seed stem process dropped, one side of seed soaking groove still communicates there is filter screen groove 10, the slope distributes in the filter screen groove 10 has filter screen 11, filter screen 11 will follow the filter screen groove is from outside to inside from high to low slope distribution, divides its filter screen groove into two promptly, its upper half with seed soaking groove communicates directly, and its lower half communicates has water pump inlet tube 12, the water pump inlet tube with the water pump is connected, the delivery port of water pump with shower 5 intercommunication. By adopting the configuration, impurities can be effectively separated and screened out, the impurities are prevented from blocking a pipeline, meanwhile, the flowing of the liquid in the whole seed soaking tank is circulated around the filter screen tank as the center, the solid impurities in the seed soaking tank are driven to the upper part of the filter screen 11 along the water flow direction and are adhered, the filter screen 11 is of an inclined structure, the adhered solid impurities can be directly cleaned away quickly, and the operation is intuitive and convenient and efficient.
The ozone pipes 6 are distributed at the lower part of the seed soaking groove, a plurality of ozone pipes 6 are arranged in the embodiment, a plurality of fine holes are formed on the ozone pipes 6, and then the ozone pipes are connected to an ozone main pipe 7; the ozone generator is characterized by further comprising a gas-water turbine mixer 8, wherein a liquid inlet 8-1 of the gas-water turbine mixer is communicated with a water outlet of the water pump, an air inlet 9 of the gas-water turbine mixer is communicated with an ozone conveying pipeline (namely an ozone generator is arranged for supplying ozone to the ozone generator), and a gas-liquid mixing outlet 8-2 of the gas-water turbine mixer is communicated with the ozone main pipe 7. When in use, the water body is pressurized by the water pump and is sprayed in from the liquid inlet 8-1, then ozone enters and is mixed from the air inlet 9 to form a water-gas (ozone water) mixture, and the water is conveyed to the ozone pipe 6 through the ozone main pipe 7 and sprayed out from each pore.
The seed soaking device also comprises ultrasonic wave generating devices 13, wherein the ultrasonic wave generating devices 13 are distributed on the lower side of the bottom surface of the seed soaking groove 1, and the bottom surface of the seed soaking groove 1 is made of stainless steel or other materials suitable for ultrasonic wave transmission. When in use, the ultrasonic wave generating device 13 emits mechanical waves, combines the ozone-water mixture sprayed from the pores of the ozone pipe 6 above the bottom surface, adopts a large number of ozone bubbles to treat the sugarcane seed stems under high-frequency vibration, remarkably improves the disinfection and sterilization effects on the sugarcane seed stems, and performs a comparison test:
1. the test method comprises the following steps: the control group and the equipment adopted by the embodiment group are seed soaking devices in the embodiment, the blank group adopts the conventional technical scheme without using the seed soaking devices, and each test group is designed as follows:
a control group: spraying by using the spray pipes 5 above the front end and the rear end of the seed stem conveyor belt, starting ultrasonic waves, and stopping ozone by not starting an ozone generator.
Control group B: spraying by using the spray pipes 5 above the front end and the rear end of the seed stem conveyor belt, starting an ozone generator without starting ultrasonic waves, and starting a gas-water turbine mixer to start ozone.
Control group C: the spray pipes 5 above the front end and the rear end of the seed stem conveyor belt are not used for spraying, ultrasonic waves are started, the air-water turbine mixer is removed, and the ozone generator is started to supply ozone.
The present embodiment group: spraying by using the spray pipes 5 above the front end and the rear end of the seed stem conveyor belt, starting ultrasonic waves, starting an ozone generator and starting a gas-water turbine mixer to introduce ozone.
Blank group: the seed soaking device in the embodiment does not need to carry out conventional treatment by adopting conventional treatment, and the seed stems are subjected to conventional soaking treatment by using conventional seed soaking liquid only in seed soaking.
The comparison group is the same as the embodiment group except for other treatment procedures and operation standards, namely, the comparison group and the embodiment group are only different from the blank group in whether to adopt the seed soaking device for treatment, and the comparison group and the embodiment group are subjected to subsequent conventional soaking treatment of conventional seed soaking liquid after the seed soaking device is used; the control group and the embodiment should be replaced with a pair of sterile gloves, the water body should be replaced and cleaned to prevent cross contamination, etc., seed stems after the treatment are packaged by sterile bags, one seed stem is packaged by a single sterile bag, 35 seed stems are packaged in each group, and the control group and the embodiment are refrigerated and stored.
(1) Judging whether bacteria are infected or not by observing the bacterial plaque condition of the seed stems;
(2) Judging that the germination accelerating treatment (discarding) standard is obviously unsuitable: the buds at the stem nodes are blackened and rotten or shriveled, or the whole seed stems are reddish and blacken with a large number of long pili or obvious sour odor and the like, which reach the conventional discarding standard.
(3) The results are shown in the following table:
| test Group of | Refrigerating seal After 72 hours of storage | Refrigerating seal Store for 120h Rear part (S) | Refrigerating seal After 1 week of storage | Refrigerating seal After 2 weeks of storage | Refrigerating seal Stored for 20 days Rear part (S) | Obviously is not suitable for continuous germination Treatment (discard total) | After 20 days Bacteria-dyeing occupation Ratio of | After 20 days Discard occupancy Ratio of |
| A control Group of | 4 roots of infectious microbe | 7 roots of infectious microbe | 9 roots of infectious microbe | Bacteria 20 Root of Chinese character | Bacteria-staining 22 Root of Chinese character | 8 | 62.86% | 22.86% |
| B control Group of | 3 root of infectious microbe | 5 root of infectious microbe | 8 roots of infectious microbe | Bacteria 13 Root of Chinese character | Bacteria 16 Root of Chinese character | 6 | 45.71% | 17.14% |
| C control Group of | 2 roots of infectious microbe | 4 roots of infectious microbe | 5 root of infectious microbe | 7 roots of infectious microbe | 8 roots of infectious microbe | 3 | 22.86% | 8.57% |
| This practice is Examples Group of | Not found Bacteria-dyeing | 1 root of infectious microbe | 3 root of infectious microbe | 3 root of infectious microbe | 4 roots of infectious microbe | 1 | 11.43% | 2.85% |
| Blank space Group of | 5 root of infectious microbe | 7 roots of infectious microbe | Bacteria-staining 12 Root of Chinese character | Bacteria-staining 25 Root of Chinese character | Bacteria 28 Root of Chinese character | 11 | 80% | 31.43% |
2. The remaining seed stems of each test group were subjected to uniform conventional germination (germination was performed by creating temperature, humidity and air conditions suitable for germination of seedlings by an artificial method, so that the germination of the seedlings expanded into a "pargo mouth shape" and the root point germination protruded.) with the following results:
| test group | Total germination acceleration | Total number of successful sprouting after sprouting | Budding duty cycle |
| A control group | 27 | 23 | 85.19% |
| Control group B | 29 | 26 | 89.66% |
| C control group | 32 | 31 | 96.88% |
| The embodiment group | 34 | 34 | 100% |
| Blank group | 24 | 19 | 79.17% |
As can be seen from the data, the mode of adding the seed soaking device and using the spray pipe to spray, ultrasonic wave, ozone and air water turbine mixer before conventional seed soaking treatment is adopted, and compared with the prior art, the method can obviously reduce the bacterial contamination rate and improve the overall germination rate, and has obvious difference compared with the prior art, and has obvious beneficial effects.
The application also comprises a seed stem screening device, wherein the seed stem screening device comprises a device body 14, a belt conveying layer and a screening collecting layer are respectively arranged on the device body 14, and the screening collecting layer is distributed below the belt conveying layer; the belt conveying layer is provided with a plurality of belts 23, and the front end and the rear end of the belt conveying layer are respectively driven by belt pulleys; the two belts are distributed, the gaps between the two adjacent belts at the front end of the two belts are a, the gaps between the two adjacent belts at the rear end of the two belts are b, a is smaller than b, and seed stems are placed between the two belts at the front end when the two belts are used, and the cylindrical seed stems are supported for transmission because a is smaller, and the gaps between the two belts are gradually increased in the transmission process, so that the seed stems with different diameter ranges fall into corresponding screening collecting layers below in corresponding areas, and screening is realized. A plurality of support cross bars 16 are also distributed between the pulleys at the two ends, two sides of the device body are correspondingly provided with support cross bar fixing grooves 22, and the two ends of the support cross bars 16 can be vertically and movably distributed in the support cross bar fixing grooves 22; a plurality of U-shaped belt limit grooves 15 are correspondingly distributed on the supporting cross rod 16; springs 17 are sleeved at two ends of the supporting cross rod to prevent the U-shaped belt limit grooves 15 and the like from shifting left and right; one of the support crossbars is also coupled with a vibration motor 21. The whole supporting cross rod 16 is driven by the vibration of the vibration motor 21 to be further transmitted to each belt 23, and the falling accuracy of seed stems in different diameter ranges is improved by the vibration.
The bottom plate 19 of the screening and collecting layer in this embodiment is obliquely distributed, and a plurality of partition plates 18 are correspondingly arranged on the bottom plate 19, and one end of the bottom plate is provided with a discharge hole 20. The seed stems with different diameter ranges drop into the grooves formed by the corresponding partition plates, so that the seed stems with different diameter ranges are screened and collected.
The automatic straightening counting device comprises a straightening conveying belt 49, baffles 47 are arranged on two sides above the straightening conveying belt 49, the baffles 47 integrally form a Y shape with a wide front section and a narrow rear section, namely sugarcane seed stems are conveyed in from the front end, after the baffles 47 on two sides are straightened, the sugarcane seed stems continue to be conveyed along the front section, the width of the front section can only be equal to the width of one seed stem, then an infrared counter 48 or a laser counter is further arranged on the rear section of the baffles on two sides, and the conveyed seed stems are counted (gaps exist between two adjacent seed stems). The packaging machine is correspondingly distributed at the rear side of the automatic straightening and counting device, and the packaging machine can use the existing products.
The principles and embodiments of the present application have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to facilitate an understanding of the method of the present application and its core ideas. The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the application, and it should be noted that, due to the limited text expressions, there is objectively no limit to the specific structure, and that, for a person skilled in the art, modifications, adaptations or variations may be made without departing from the principles of the present application, and the above technical features may be combined in any suitable manner; such modifications, variations and combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concepts and aspects to other applications without modification, are contemplated as falling within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The automatic production line for cutting, soaking and screening healthy sugarcane seed stems by collecting whole stems is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Firstly, cutting whole-stem sugarcane by using a whole-stem cutting device to obtain seed stems;
(2) Conveying the cut seed stems to a seed soaking device through a conveying belt for seed soaking treatment, wherein the seed soaking treatment process comprises the following steps of: the seed stems are conveyed to the position below the liquid level of the seed soaking groove, ozone is mixed by adopting a gas-water turbine mixer, and an ultrasonic wave generating device of the seed soaking device is combined for disinfection and sterilization; finally, the seed stems are transferred out of the seed soaking groove or the spray pipe is used again for carrying out ozone water high-pressure spray washing in the process of transferring the seed stems upwards;
(3) Transferring the seed stems treated in the step (2) to a secondary seed soaking box through a conveyor belt for secondary seed soaking treatment, wherein seed soaking liquid of the secondary seed soaking box comprises insecticide, bactericide, rooting agent, tillering promoting agent and coating agent;
(4) Drying the seed stems conveyed from the second-stage seed soaking box in the step (3) by using a blower or an air knife;
(5) Automatically screening the seed stems by using a seed stem screening device to screen the seed stems with different diameter range grades;
(6) The seed stems which are screened in the step (5) are respectively placed into a conveyor belt, counted by an automatic straightening counting device, and packaged by a packaging machine;
the seed soaking device comprises a seed soaking groove and a water pump, wherein ozone pipes are distributed in the seed soaking groove, and the ozone pipes are distributed at the lower part of the seed soaking groove; the ozone pipe is communicated with the ozone conveying pipeline; the liquid inlet of the gas-water turbine mixer is communicated with the water outlet of the water pump, the air inlet of the gas-water turbine mixer is communicated with the ozone conveying pipeline, and the gas-liquid mixing outlet of the gas-water turbine mixer is communicated with the ozone pipe.
2. The automatic production line for cutting, soaking and screening healthy sugarcane seed stems by collecting whole stems according to claim 1, wherein the automatic production line is characterized in that: the whole-rod cutting device comprises a seed cutter bracket, wherein a horizontal supporting plate is distributed in the middle of the seed cutter bracket; the upper half part of the baffle conveying belt is distributed on the upper plate surface of the horizontal supporting plate; a cutter is also distributed at the front part of the seed cutter bracket; the cutters are distributed on one side of the baffle conveying belt; one side of the cutter is also provided with a sugarcane elastic pressing component; the sugarcane elastic pressing assemblies are distributed above the horizontal supporting plate; the sugarcane elastic pressing assembly comprises a strip-shaped pressing plate, a movable rod, a spring and a supporting arm; the front part and the rear part of the strip-shaped pressing plate are respectively combined with one movable rod; the support arm is provided with a movable limiting hole; the movable rod passes through the movable limiting holes and can be movably distributed, and the upper end of the movable rod is also sleeved with a limiting nut; the springs are also distributed on the movable rod; the springs are distributed between the strip-shaped pressing plate and the supporting arm; the rear end of the strip-shaped pressing plate is designed to be tilted upwards.
3. The automatic production line for cutting, soaking and screening healthy sugarcane seed stems by collecting whole stems according to claim 2, wherein the automatic production line is characterized in that: a plurality of baffle conveying belts are correspondingly distributed in parallel; the cutter and the sugarcane elastic pressing component are correspondingly provided with a plurality of cutters; the front ends of the baffle conveying belts are driven by the motor through being distributed on the same driving roller tube; the rear ends of the baffle conveying belts are respectively supported by an adjustable roller tube assembly; the adjustable roller tube assembly comprises a conveyor belt roller tube, a supporting screw and a compression nut; the rear end of the seed cutter bracket is provided with a clamping slotted hole; the left end and the right end of the roller tube of the conveyor belt are respectively supported and fixed by combining with one supporting screw rod; the supporting screws correspondingly penetrate through the clamping slotted holes and can be distributed in an adjustable mode; the compression nut comprises a front compression nut and a rear compression nut; the front compression nut and the rear compression nut are distributed on the supporting screw rod and are correspondingly distributed on the front side and the rear side of the clamping slotted hole respectively; the cutter is a saw disc; the saw discs are driven by the motor through being distributed on the same driving rotating shaft; the device also comprises a sugarcane section damping and collecting device; the sugarcane section damping and collecting device comprises a collecting tank, wherein double-layer damping rollers are distributed in the collecting tank; the double-layer damping roller comprises a rotary roller body, wherein the outer wall of the rotary roller body is combined with a plurality of damping plates, and the plate surfaces of the damping plates are parallel or coplanar with the axis of the rotary roller body; a plurality of damping plates are distributed along the rotating roller body for one circle to form a damping plate unit; a plurality of damping plate units are distributed along the axial direction of the rotating roller body; a damping layer is further combined between two adjacent damping plates in the damping plate unit; the shock absorption plate and the shock absorption layer are made of flexible materials or composite plates coated with flexible layers on the outer layers of hard materials; the left end of the horizontal supporting plate is also provided with a sugarcane limiting baffle.
4. The automatic production line for cutting, soaking and screening healthy sugarcane seed stems by collecting whole stems according to claim 1, wherein the automatic production line is characterized in that: the seed soaking device comprises a seed soaking groove, wherein a seed stem conveyor belt, a gas-water turbine mixer, a spray assembly, an ozone pipe and an ultrasonic generating device are distributed in the seed soaking groove; the spraying assembly comprises a spraying pipe and a water pump; the spraying pipes are distributed above the seed stem conveyor belt.
5. The automatic production line for cutting, soaking and screening healthy sugarcane seed stems by collecting whole stems according to claim 4, wherein the automatic production line comprises the following steps: one side of the seed soaking groove is also communicated with a filter screen groove, a filter screen is obliquely distributed in the filter screen groove, the filter screen is obliquely distributed from outside to inside along the filter screen groove, namely the filter screen groove is divided into two parts, the upper half part of the filter screen is directly communicated with the seed soaking groove, the lower half part of the filter screen is communicated with a water pump water inlet pipe, the water pump water inlet pipe is connected with a water pump, and the water outlet of the water pump is communicated with a spray pipe; the ultrasonic wave generating devices are distributed on the lower side of the bottom surface of the seed soaking groove; the spraying pipes are respectively distributed above the front end and the rear end of the seed stem conveyor belt; and a plurality of high-pressure spray heads are distributed on the spray pipe.
6. The automatic production line for cutting, soaking and screening healthy sugarcane seed stems by collecting whole stems according to claim 1, wherein the automatic production line is characterized in that: the seed stem screening device comprises a device body, wherein a belt conveying layer and a screening collecting layer are arranged on the device body, and the screening collecting layer is distributed below the belt conveying layer; the belt conveying layer is provided with a plurality of belts, and the front end and the rear end of the belt conveying layer are respectively driven by the belt wheels; the belts are distributed, the gaps between two adjacent belts at the front end of the belts are a, and the gaps between two adjacent belts at the rear end of the belts are b, wherein a is smaller than b.
7. The automatic production line for cutting, soaking and screening healthy sugarcane seed stems by collecting whole stems according to claim 6, wherein the automatic production line comprises the following steps: a plurality of support cross bars are also distributed between the belt pulleys at the two ends, two sides of the device body are correspondingly provided with support cross bar fixing grooves, and the two ends of the support cross bars can be vertically and movably distributed in the support cross bar fixing grooves; a plurality of U-shaped belt limit grooves are correspondingly distributed on the supporting cross rod; springs are sleeved at two ends of the supporting cross rod; one of the supporting cross bars is also combined with a vibration motor.
8. The automatic production line for cutting, soaking and screening healthy sugarcane seed stems by collecting whole stems according to claim 6, wherein the automatic production line comprises the following steps: the bottom plate of screening collecting layer is slope distribution, and corresponds on its bottom plate to be equipped with a plurality of division boards, and its one end is equipped with the discharge gate.
9. The automatic production line for cutting, soaking and screening healthy sugarcane seed stems by collecting whole stems according to claim 1, wherein the automatic production line is characterized in that: the automatic straightening counting device comprises a straightening conveying belt, baffles are arranged on two sides above the straightening conveying belt, the baffles integrally form a Y shape with a wide front section and a narrow rear section, and an infrared counter or a laser counter is further arranged on the rear section of the baffles on two sides.
10. The automatic production line for cutting, soaking and screening healthy sugarcane seed stems by collecting whole stems according to claim 1, wherein the automatic production line is characterized in that: the packing machine is correspondingly distributed at the rear side of the automatic straightening and counting device.
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| CN214708624U (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-11-16 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Portable healthy seed stem processing equipment of sugarcane |
| CN113119215B (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2023-04-25 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Movable automatic production equipment for healthy sugarcane seed stems |
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