CN114687243B - Chromatographic debonding process for archive bricks - Google Patents
Chromatographic debonding process for archive bricks Download PDFInfo
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- CN114687243B CN114687243B CN202011562894.5A CN202011562894A CN114687243B CN 114687243 B CN114687243 B CN 114687243B CN 202011562894 A CN202011562894 A CN 202011562894A CN 114687243 B CN114687243 B CN 114687243B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H25/00—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00
- D21H25/18—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00 of old paper as in books, documents, e.g. restoring
Abstract
A chromatographic debonding process for archive bricks comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: soaking the file bricks to be repaired with mucus which is adsorbed between the paper fiber layers and the paper sheets of the file bricks by utilizing a chromatography technology; step two: taking out the file bricks soaked in the step one, performing freeze vacuum drying operation, freezing the mucus-dissolving liquid by cooling to expand the volume, enlarging the distance between the paper sheets and freezing and fixing the distance between the paper sheets, directly removing the solid-phase water by sublimation to dry the file bricks, and increasing the distance between the paper sheets of the dried file bricks; step three: and (4) increasing the water content of the file bricks treated in the step two by steam. Can carry out deacidification, fixation and reinforcement to the paper of archives brick, solve the problem that archives brick water soaking caused destruction to paper and characters in the past, carry out the humidification to the archives brick through the steam humidifier, make the paper water content rise to 17%, at this moment the paper that constitutes the archives brick has very soft again has very big tear strength.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of file repair, in particular to a file brick chromatography debonding process.
Background art:
paper materials such as files, books, paintings and calligraphy, ancient books, literature materials and the like are not well stored, are wetted and accumulated for a long time, and are adhered to each other under the action of factors such as high humidity, mildew, dust, moisture and the like or after being extruded and dried in the shade, so that the whole paper is adhered into hard blocks, commonly called as 'file bricks' or 'book bricks'. The file brick is repaired by performing sheet-to-sheet debonding on the file brick and separating the file brick into single-page paper so as to restore the original appearance of the file brick. In recent years, some methods for repairing the file bricks have appeared, such as patent application No. 2019102583657 entitled file brick repairing method, which discloses a file brick repairing method, but the following defects exist in specific operation:
(1) When the file bricks are repaired, the file bricks needing to be repaired are soaked in water in the early stage, so that paper is not deacidified, the paper is fragile and fragile, the paper layer structure of the file bricks can be damaged, the strength of the paper is reduced, in addition, some recording writing materials on the paper can be diffused, blurred or even disappear after being soaked in water, people can not see the writing materials clearly, and the writing materials of the file bricks are greatly damaged;
(2) The archives brick freezes, unfreezes and accomplishes the back, gets into the dehumidification drying stage, operates suitable this conversely like this, and humidity crosses lowly can lead to the resistant book of paper, tear resistance to reduce, makes it pliability decline, and the later stage is peeled off and is dissociated and can be easily cracked when gluing, can lead to the fact irreversible harm for being salvaged archives brick.
Therefore, the file brick chromatography debonding process can well solve the problems.
The invention content is as follows:
in order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a file brick chromatography debonding process, which solves the problem that the previous file bricks are damaged by soaking in water, and solves the problems of overlarge brittleness and reduced flexibility of paper caused by dehumidification and drying of the previous file bricks.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a chromatographic debonding process for archive bricks comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: soaking the file bricks to be repaired with mucus which is adsorbed between the paper fiber layers and the paper sheets of the file bricks by utilizing a chromatography technology;
step two: taking out the file bricks soaked in the step one, performing freeze vacuum drying operation, cooling to freeze the mucus-dissolving liquid to expand the volume, expanding the distance between the paper sheets, freezing and fixing the distance between the paper sheets, and directly removing the solid-phase water by sublimation to dry the file bricks, wherein the distance between the paper sheets of the dried file bricks is increased;
step three: and (4) increasing the water content of the file bricks treated in the step two by steam.
The mucus removing liquid in the first step is prepared by mixing acid removing liquid, a color fixing agent, a paper strengthening agent and water.
Soak the archives brick through soaking the groove in the step one, install heating module, automatic temperature control module and ultrasonic wave module in the soaking groove, the ultrasonic wave module is used for promoting the separation of debonding and being infected with the filth between the paper page or leaf of archives brick.
And in the second step, the archival bricks are subjected to negative pressure freezing through a freeze-drying box, and a material tray, a vacuumizing module, a refrigerating module and a PLC (programmable logic controller) control module are installed in the freeze-drying box.
The temperature range of the material tray is-30 ℃ to 50 ℃.
The pressure in the freeze drying box is 200-610Pa.
And in the third step, the file bricks are humidified by a steam humidifier, so that the water content of the paper is increased to 17%.
By adopting the scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention creatively utilizes the paper chromatography technology, utilizes the physical characteristics of water, combines the technologies of paper making and modern physics, chemistry, computers and the like, researches a file brick chromatography debonding technology and auxiliary process equipment, is matched with debonding liquid formed by mixing acid removing liquid, color fixing agent, paper reinforcer and water, can deacidify, fix color and strengthen the paper of the file brick, solves the problem that the paper and characters are damaged by soaking the file brick in water in the prior art, and finally humidifies the file brick by a steam humidifier to ensure that the water content of the paper is increased to 17 percent and then the paper is taken out, so that the paper forming the file brick is soft and has high tearing strength, and provides a safe and effective process method for rescuing and repairing national key files and even rescuing and repairing paper documents such as books, cultural relics and the like.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present invention, the present invention is explained in detail by the following embodiments.
A chromatographic debonding process for archive bricks comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: soaking the file bricks to be repaired with mucus which is adsorbed between paper fiber layers and paper sheets of the file bricks by utilizing a chromatography technology to form layers with different solutes, suspensions and densities; the chromatographic technique is a kind of chromatography using paper as a carrier, and the principle of the chromatography is the principle of similar compatibility, and the analysis is carried out by the difference of dispersion speeds of the split system in the same medium. The chromatography technology can be used for qualitative, quantitative and purifying a certain substance by matching with corresponding optical, electrical and electrochemical detection means, and the purity of the substance is as high as 99%. When the debonding liquid is adsorbed by the archive brick, because the density of the archive brick is different, the speed of adsorbing the debonding liquid is different, the debonding liquid with high affinity to paper fibers firstly passes through the paper fibers and is adsorbed on the paper fiber layer, and the debonding liquid with low affinity to the paper fibers is adsorbed between paper sheets, so that different density layers are formed, and meanwhile, the paper layer structure of the archive brick is not damaged.
The mucus removing liquid in the first step is formed by mixing acid removing liquid, a color fixing agent, a paper strengthening agent and water, and different proportions are blended according to different paper qualities, acidification degrees, damage degrees and the like of the archive bricks.
The main component of the deacidification solution is magnesium bicarbonate, and carbon dioxide is introduced into the solution when the deacidification solution is used, so that magnesium carbonate with small dissolution is changed into magnesium bicarbonate (Mg (HCO 3) 2) with large solubility. Effectively reducing paper acidity with acidic substances therein and in the paper profile:
Mg(OH) 2 +H + →Mg 2+ +H 2 o is essentially an acid-base neutralized ionic reaction:
OH - +H + →H 2 O
the excessive magnesium bicarbonate remained on the paper can be gradually decomposed into magnesium carbonate in the air, so that the paper is inhibited
Basic residue of acid regain:
the color fixing agent is prepared by reacting epichlorohydrin as a reactive group with amine, ether, carboxylic acid, amide and the like. Most of the polymers are polymers, have cationic and reactive groups, can be salified and combined with anionic dyes (reactive, acidic and direct dyes) and can be crosslinked with hydroxyl, amino and other groups in fibers and dyes, so that the wet processing fastness of the fibers and the dyes is improved.
The paper strengthening agent is a hydrophilic polymer auxiliary material, and the polymers are dispersed among fibers to increase the number of bonds among the fibers, so that the aim of improving the strength of the paper is fulfilled. The cationic group attached to the main chain ring is used to increase the binding force between the polymer and the fiber, so as to improve the retention of the polymer. Paper strengthening agents commonly used are natural polymers such as starch and its modifications (e.g., cationic starch, anionic starch), synthetic polymers such as polyacrylamide, glyoxal polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, and the like, as well as other water-soluble natural product type paper strengthening agents. In most cases, the effective paper strengthening agent can be achieved by adding 0.1-0.35% of the substances.
In the first step, the archive bricks are soaked through a soaking tank, a heating module, an automatic temperature control module and an ultrasonic module are installed in the soaking tank, the heating module and the automatic temperature control module can adjust the temperature of deacidification and strengthening liquid, and the heating and automatic temperature control function is designed; the ultrasonic module utilizes cavitation, acceleration and direct current effect of ultrasonic wave for promote the separation of debonding and contaminating filth between the paper page of archives brick.
Step two: taking out the file bricks soaked in the step one, performing freeze vacuum drying operation, freezing the mucus-dissolving liquid by cooling to expand the volume, enlarging the distance between the paper sheets and freezing and fixing the distance between the paper sheets, directly removing the solid-phase water by sublimation to dry the file bricks, and increasing the distance between the paper sheets of the dried file bricks;
and in the second step, the archival bricks are subjected to negative pressure freezing through a freeze-drying box, and a material tray, a vacuumizing module, a refrigerating module and a PLC (programmable logic controller) control module are installed in the freeze-drying box. The freeze-drying box is convenient to transport in appearance and size, can conveniently go in and out of a laboratory, and is simple in structure and easy to operate; the material tray is sized to be capable of horizontally placing the archive bricks, 4 archive bricks can be disposed each time, and the sublimation energy conduction during the cold drying is facilitated; the refrigeration system is applied with 220V power supply; having independently operable vacuum systems; and the PLC is adopted for control, so that the working process can be set. The freeze-drying box body needs enough intensity, can endure outside 1 kg/cm 2's pressure, prevents to warp when the evacuation. In addition, proper heat insulation is needed to save energy and keep the data consistency of each file brick. The flatness of the material tray is a key parameter of the design of the freeze-drying box, and after processing and polishing, the flatness can reach +/-0.5 mm/m.
And (4) taking the file bricks out of the soaking tank, horizontally placing the file bricks in a material tray of the freeze-drying box, and closing the sealing door. Starting a freeze-drying box, executing ten-step freezing and viscosity breaking programs by a PLC control module, and performing 10 working stages of pre-freezing, water capturing and refrigerating, vacuumizing, drying at different temperatures and different pressures and the like, wherein the temperature range of a material disc is-30 ℃ to 50 ℃, and the pressure range in the freeze-drying box is 200-610Pa. Gradually freezing to-30 deg.C from normal temperature to change the liquid phase into solid phase, fully expanding the soaked mucus between leaves to the maximum, then opening and holding the solid phase at the distance between leaves, utilizing the working stage set by the physical characteristic curve of water, using the step-by-step temperature-raising stage and reduced air pressure, supplying the energy of water sublimation in the file brick which has been frozen and fully expanded by the conduction mode, sublimating the energy into vapor, and discharging the vapor out of the warehouse. The paper brick is dried in a frozen state, the distance between the paper sheets is increased, hydrogen bond combination is formed between the reinforcer containing polyhydroxy high molecular polymer in the debonding liquid and paper cellulose molecules, the number of hydrogen bonds is increased on the natural combination surface between fibers, more fibers and combination between the fibers and the high molecular are provided, and the strength of the debonded paper Zhang Gan is improved.
The specific data for the 10 working phases are given in the following table:
step three: and (4) increasing the water content of the archive brick treated in the step two by steam.
And in the third step, the file bricks are humidified by a steam humidifier, so that the water content of the paper is increased to 17% and then the paper is taken out, and at the moment, the paper forming the file bricks is soft and has high tearing resistance. And peeling off the paper bricks page by using bamboo sticks to finish the de-bonding of the paper bricks.
The above-described embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, and any alternative modifications or alterations to the embodiments of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
The present invention is not described in detail, but is known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (3)
1. A chromatographic debonding process for archive bricks is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: soaking the file bricks to be repaired with mucus which is adsorbed between the paper fiber layers and the paper sheets of the file bricks by utilizing a chromatography technology; the de-mucilage is prepared by mixing acid removing liquid, a color fixing agent, a paper strengthening agent and water; when the debonding liquid is adsorbed by the file bricks, due to different density of the file bricks and different speed of adsorbing the debonding liquid, the debonding liquid with large affinity with paper fibers firstly passes through the paper fibers and is adsorbed on the paper fiber layer, and the debonding liquid with small affinity with the paper fibers is adsorbed among paper pages to form different density layers without damaging the paper layer structure of the file bricks;
step two: taking out the file bricks soaked in the step one, performing freeze vacuum drying operation, freezing the mucus-dissolving liquid by cooling to expand the volume, enlarging the distance between the paper sheets and freezing and fixing the distance between the paper sheets, directly removing the solid-phase water by sublimation to dry the file bricks, and increasing the distance between the paper sheets of the dried file bricks; the method comprises the following steps of performing negative pressure freezing on the archive bricks through a freeze-drying box, wherein a material tray, a vacuumizing module, a refrigerating module and a PLC (programmable logic controller) control module are installed in the freeze-drying box, the temperature range of the material tray is-30-50 ℃, and the pressure range in the freeze-drying box is 200-610Pa; gradually freezing the paper from normal temperature to-30 ℃, changing the soaked and de-viscose liquid from a liquid phase to a solid phase, fully expanding the soaked and de-viscose liquid between the leaves to the utmost point, then expanding the soaked and de-viscose liquid and keeping the distance between the leaves, gradually raising the temperature and reducing the air pressure to ensure that the water of the solid phase is sublimated and changed into steam to be discharged, drying the paper brick in a frozen state, increasing the distance between the leaves, forming hydrogen bond bonding between a reinforcing agent of a macromolecular polymer containing polyhydroxy in the de-viscose liquid and paper cellulose molecules, increasing the number of the hydrogen bonds on a natural bonding surface between fibers, providing more bonding between fibers and between the fibers and the macromolecules, and improving the strength of the de-viscose paper Zhang Gan;
step three: and (4) increasing the water content of the file bricks treated in the step two by steam.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: soak the archives brick through soaking the groove in the step one, install heating module, automatic temperature control module and ultrasonic wave module in the soaking groove, the ultrasonic wave module is used for promoting the separation of debonding and being infected with the filth between the paper page or leaf of archives brick.
3. The process of claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: and in the third step, the file bricks are humidified by a steam humidifier, so that the water content of the paper is increased to 17%.
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| CN202011562894.5A CN114687243B (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | Chromatographic debonding process for archive bricks |
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| CN114687243B true CN114687243B (en) | 2023-04-07 |
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Citations (7)
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| US5421945A (en) * | 1991-06-04 | 1995-06-06 | Schwarz; Guenther | Process and device for mass conservation of archives |
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| CN110158359A (en) * | 2019-06-15 | 2019-08-23 | 湖北泰德安信信息技术有限公司 | A kind of automatic deacidification system of paper based on scheme control and its application method |
| CN211060472U (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-07-21 | 山东齐元信息技术有限公司 | Combined type ozone sterilization cabinet for freezing disinsection and sterilization of files and books |
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2020
- 2020-12-25 CN CN202011562894.5A patent/CN114687243B/en active Active
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| US5421945A (en) * | 1991-06-04 | 1995-06-06 | Schwarz; Guenther | Process and device for mass conservation of archives |
| CN102400417A (en) * | 2011-09-01 | 2012-04-04 | 上海东观档案设备有限公司 | Paper restoration device |
| CN102901325A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2013-01-30 | 孙洪鲁 | Paper document vacuum drying machine |
| CN108547176A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-09-18 | 中国人民大学 | A method of repairing paper material face crack |
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| CN110158359A (en) * | 2019-06-15 | 2019-08-23 | 湖北泰德安信信息技术有限公司 | A kind of automatic deacidification system of paper based on scheme control and its application method |
| CN211060472U (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-07-21 | 山东齐元信息技术有限公司 | Combined type ozone sterilization cabinet for freezing disinsection and sterilization of files and books |
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