CN114686716A - Method for rapidly preparing hydrogen storage element by secondary sintering - Google Patents

Method for rapidly preparing hydrogen storage element by secondary sintering Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114686716A
CN114686716A CN202011609972.2A CN202011609972A CN114686716A CN 114686716 A CN114686716 A CN 114686716A CN 202011609972 A CN202011609972 A CN 202011609972A CN 114686716 A CN114686716 A CN 114686716A
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storage element
hydrogen storage
zirconium
powder
titanium
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卢淼
焦玉磊
李志念
袁宝龙
蒋利军
王树茂
叶建华
苑慧萍
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GRIMN Engineering Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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GRIMN Engineering Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/045Alloys based on refractory metals
    • C22C1/0458Alloys based on titanium, zirconium or hafnium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/0005Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
    • C01B3/001Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes characterised by the uptaking medium; Treatment thereof
    • C01B3/0031Intermetallic compounds; Metal alloys; Treatment thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C14/00Alloys based on titanium

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for rapidly preparing a hydrogen storage element by secondary sintering. The method comprises the following steps: (1) smelting zirconium and titanium to obtain a hydrogen absorbing and releasing alloy cast ingot; (2) smelting titanium, zirconium, manganese and iron to obtain an impurity gas adsorption alloy ingot; (3) respectively crushing zirconium-titanium alloy cast ingots, high-purity metal molybdenum and titanium-zirconium-manganese-iron alloy cast ingots, mixing, grinding into powder, and screening fine powder with the particle size of less than 300 meshes; (4) putting the obtained fine powder into a cylindrical die to be pressed into a cylindrical blank under the argon protective atmosphere; (5) sintering the obtained blank in a protective gas or vacuum environment, and cooling the sintered blank in a furnace to room temperature; (6) taking out the green body after the first sintering, grinding the green body into powder after crushing, and screening coarse powder of 50-100 meshes; (7) injecting the obtained coarse powder into a hydrogen storage element mould, and pressing into a green body meeting the use requirement; (8) and placing the obtained blank into protective gas or vacuum environment for sintering, and cooling to room temperature in a furnace.

Description

Method for rapidly preparing hydrogen storage element by secondary sintering
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for rapidly preparing a hydrogen storage element by secondary sintering, belonging to the technical field of hydrogen storage materials.
Background
The field of pulse power technology has evolved after the eighties of the twentieth century, and a fast closing switch that can be used to generate high repetition frequency large pulse currents is an important achievement therein. The need to maintain a low pressure hydrogen environment inside such a switch chamber is an important component in a pseudo-spark switch. When the switch works, the hydrogen storage material rapidly releases hydrogen under the heating of the resistance wire, so that the normal work of the switch is ensured, and the hydrogen storage material can repeatedly absorb hydrogen after running for a period of time, so that the reversible hydrogen absorption and release metal material suitable for the working condition temperature and pressure condition is required to be adopted. In order to increase the hydrogen absorption and desorption rate of the hydrogen absorption and desorption metal material to meet the requirement of the gas supply reaction speed of the pulse switch, the metal is crushed into powder to increase the specific surface area, and then the powder is compacted, pressed and sintered to prepare the hydrogen storage element with a pore structure. In the application process, the pulse switch can be carried in an aerospace aircraft or other running instruments, so that the requirements on acceleration, vibration resistance and other conditions are high, and the mechanical performance requirements can be met only by adding a material capable of improving the mechanical performance of metal sintering. Meanwhile, in the working process of the switch, due to the fact that the current transferred by the charges is increased, the impurity gases released by different assemblies in the cavity are greatly increased, the impurity gases can deteriorate the working environment of the switch, the performance of the switch is reduced, even the switch is out of work, and therefore an element with the function of absorbing the impurity gases in the cavity is needed.
At present, the existing hydrogen storage element is mainly prepared by crushing and ball-milling a suitable alloy into fine powder below 300 meshes, mixing and pressing the fine powder into a blank, and sintering the blank. However, if the metal powder with larger particles is used for preparation, the specific surface area of the metal powder is insufficient, so that the hydrogen absorption and desorption rate, the maximum hydrogen absorption and desorption performance and the cycle life are reduced, and the component powder falling affects the running performance of the pulse switch.
At present, a preparation method for rapidly preparing a hydrogen absorption and desorption element is urgently needed, and the problems of low efficiency and large service life loss of a die in the element preparation process are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for rapidly preparing a hydrogen storage element by secondary sintering, which can eliminate the residue of fine powder on a mold in the preparation process while keeping the performance of absorbing and releasing hydrogen and absorbing impurity gas of the hydrogen storage element, thereby improving the preparation rate, prolonging the service life of the mold and realizing the automatic batch preparation of the hydrogen storage element.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for rapidly preparing a hydrogen storage element by secondary sintering, wherein the hydrogen storage element uses a titanium-zirconium alloy and metal molybdenum as hydrogen absorption and desorption alloys, and uses a titanium-zirconium-manganese-iron alloy as an impurity gas adsorption alloy, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) performing suspension induction melting or medium-frequency induction melting on zirconium and titanium to obtain hydrogen absorbing and releasing alloy cast ingots;
(2) performing suspension induction melting or medium frequency induction melting on titanium, zirconium, manganese and iron to obtain impurity gas adsorption alloy cast ingots;
(3) respectively crushing zirconium-titanium alloy cast ingots, high-purity metal molybdenum and titanium-zirconium-manganese-iron alloy cast ingots, mixing, grinding alloy particles into powder by using an air flow mill, and screening fine powder below 300 meshes;
(4) putting the obtained fine powder into a cylindrical die to be pressed into a cylindrical blank under the argon protective atmosphere;
(5) sintering the obtained blank in a protective gas or vacuum environment, and cooling the sintered blank in a furnace to room temperature;
(6) taking out the green body after the first sintering, crushing, grinding the green body into powder by using an airflow mill, and screening coarse powder of 50-100 meshes;
(7) injecting the obtained coarse powder into a hydrogen storage element mould, and pressing into a green body meeting the use requirement;
(8) and placing the obtained blank into protective gas or vacuum environment for sintering, and cooling to room temperature in a furnace.
Preferably, in the hydrogen storage element, the mass percent of the hydrogen absorbing and releasing alloy is 80-90%, and the mass percent of the impurity gas absorbing alloy is 10-20%.
Preferably, in the steps (3) and (6), when the jet mill is used for grinding, argon or nitrogen is used as grinding gas, the working pressure is 0.3-0.7 MPa, the sorting frequency is 60-100 Hz, and the average particle size of the obtained powder is 40-60 μm; the purity of the argon or the nitrogen is more than or equal to 99.99 percent.
Preferably, in the step (4), the powder is pressed into a cylindrical blank with the diameter of 20mm-50mm and the thickness of 50-80mm by a hydraulic press at the pressure of 60 MPa.
Preferably, in the step (5), the blank is heated to 800-.
Preferably, in the step (8), the blank is heated to 850-950 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min and then is sintered for 10-30 minutes under heat preservation.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the method for preparing the hydrogen storage element can keep fine gaps among fine alloy powder particles with the particle size of less than 300 meshes in the first sintering process, and simultaneously, the metal molybdenum can be uniformly diffused in the alloy, thereby improving the toughness of the element.
(2) The alloy particles after primary sintering and crushing again to prepare powder are coarse particles of 50-100 meshes, and the alloy particles cannot be left and bonded on a die in the green body pressing process, so that the process of cleaning the die can be omitted, and the method can be used for rapidly and automatically filling powder into a tablet press and the like to prepare a green body.
(3) The element sintered for the second time has larger gaps among large particles and small gaps left by the primary sintering in the particles, has higher specific surface area, and can further improve the hydrogen absorption and desorption rate and the hydrogen storage performance of the element.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a topographical view of a hydrogen storage element obtained by secondary sintering in example 1.
FIG. 2 is a PCT curve of hydrogen absorption at 500 ℃ for the twice-sintered hydrogen storage elements in example 1, respectively.
FIG. 3 is a topographical view of a primary sintered hydrogen storage element in comparative example 1.
Fig. 4 is a PCT curve of hydrogen absorption at 500 ℃ for the once-sintered hydrogen storage elements of comparative example 1, respectively.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
Using titanium-zirconium alloy and metal molybdenum as hydrogen absorbing and releasing alloy, and using titanium-zirconium-manganese-iron-nickel alloy as impurity gas absorbing alloy; wherein the mass percent of the hydrogen absorbing and releasing alloy is 88 percent, the mass percent of the impurity gas absorbing alloy is 12 percent, the mass percent of titanium, zirconium and molybdenum in the hydrogen absorbing and releasing alloy is 75: 10: 15, and titanium and zirconium which are used as the hydrogen absorbing and releasing alloy components are smelted by a suspension induction furnace to obtain a hydrogen absorbing and releasing alloy ingot; smelting titanium, zirconium, manganese, iron and nickel which are used as impurity gas adsorption alloy components in a suspension induction furnace to obtain an impurity gas adsorption alloy ingot; respectively crushing zirconium-titanium alloy cast ingots, high-purity metal molybdenum and titanium-zirconium-manganese-iron-nickel alloy cast ingots, mixing, grinding alloy particles into powder by using an air flow mill, and screening fine powder with the particle size of less than 300 meshes; putting the obtained fine powder into a cylindrical die under the argon protective atmosphere, and pressing the fine powder into a cylindrical blank with the diameter of 35mm and the thickness of 55mm by using a hydraulic machine at the pressure of 60 MPa; and putting the obtained element blank into an argon gas protection environment, heating to 850 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, then carrying out heat preservation sintering for 45 minutes, and cooling to room temperature in a furnace.
Taking out the green body after the first sintering, crushing, grinding the green body into powder by using an airflow mill, and screening out coarse powder of 100 meshes; injecting the coarse powder particles into a hydrogen storage element die by using an automatic tablet press, and pressing into a blank body with the outer diameter of 9.1mm, the inner diameter of 6.3mm and the thickness of 5mm under the pressure of 60 MPa; and putting the obtained element blank into a protective gas or vacuum environment, heating to 950 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, then carrying out heat preservation sintering for 12 minutes, and cooling to room temperature in a furnace to obtain a finished product as shown in figure 1.
Placing the element in hydrogen storage material hydrogen absorption and desorption performance test equipment (PCT tester), heating to 500 deg.C, and vacuumizing to 1 × 10-3Pa below, keeping the temperature for 60 minutes, introducing hydrogen to test the hydrogen absorption performance, and obtaining a PCT curve as shown in figure 2, wherein the total hydrogen absorption amount from hydrogen absorption at 500 ℃ to 150Pa is 9347.8 PaL/g.
The secondary sintering method is matched with an automatic tablet press, so that the automatic production of element blanks can be realized, more than 2000 hydrogen-absorbing elements can be automatically produced per hour due to no need of cleaning the die, and the service life of the die exceeds 50000.
Comparative example 1
Using a titanium-zirconium alloy and metal molybdenum as hydrogen absorbing and releasing alloys, and using a titanium-zirconium-manganese-iron-nickel alloy as an impurity gas absorbing alloy; wherein the mass percent of the hydrogen absorbing and releasing alloy is 88 percent, the mass percent of the impurity gas absorbing alloy is 12 percent, the mass percent of titanium, zirconium and molybdenum in the hydrogen absorbing and releasing alloy is 75: 10: 15, and titanium and zirconium which are used as the hydrogen absorbing and releasing alloy components are smelted by a suspension induction furnace to obtain a hydrogen absorbing and releasing alloy ingot; smelting titanium, zirconium, manganese, iron and nickel which are used as impurity gas adsorption alloy components in a suspension induction furnace to obtain an impurity gas adsorption alloy ingot; respectively crushing zirconium-titanium alloy cast ingots, high-purity metal molybdenum and titanium-zirconium-manganese-iron-nickel alloy cast ingots, mixing, grinding alloy particles into powder by using an air flow mill, and screening fine powder with the particle size of less than 300 meshes; under the argon protection atmosphere, manually injecting the coarse powder particles into a hydrogen storage element die, and pressing the coarse powder particles into a blank with the outer diameter of 9.1mm, the inner diameter of 6.3mm and the thickness of 5mm under the pressure of 60 MPa; and putting the obtained element blank into a protective gas or vacuum environment, heating to 950 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, then carrying out heat preservation sintering for 12 minutes, cooling to room temperature in a furnace, and obtaining a finished product as shown in figure 3.
Placing the element in hydrogen storage material hydrogen absorption and desorption performance test equipment (PCT tester), heating to 500 deg.C, and vacuumizing to 1 × 10-3Pa below, keeping the temperature for 60 minutes, introducing hydrogen to test the hydrogen absorption performance, and obtaining a PCT curve as shown in figure 4, wherein the total hydrogen absorption amount from hydrogen absorption at 500 ℃ to 150Pa is 8675.8 PaL/g.
The powder must be manually filled by using a one-time sintering method, and after each time of pressing and demoulding, the residual powder in the mould needs to be cleaned, wiped and polished, about 10 hydrogen absorbing elements can be produced per hour, and the service life of the mould is about 1000.

Claims (6)

1. A method for rapidly preparing a hydrogen storage element by secondary sintering is characterized in that the hydrogen storage element uses a titanium-zirconium alloy and metal molybdenum as hydrogen absorbing and releasing alloys, and uses a titanium-zirconium-manganese-iron alloy as an impurity gas adsorption alloy, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) performing suspension induction melting or intermediate frequency induction melting on zirconium and titanium to obtain a hydrogen absorption and desorption alloy cast ingot;
(2) performing suspension induction melting or medium frequency induction melting on titanium, zirconium, manganese and iron to obtain impurity gas adsorption alloy cast ingots;
(3) respectively crushing zirconium-titanium alloy cast ingots, high-purity metal molybdenum and titanium-zirconium-manganese-iron alloy cast ingots, mixing, grinding alloy particles into powder by using an air flow mill, and screening fine powder below 300 meshes;
(4) putting the obtained fine powder into a cylindrical die to be pressed into a cylindrical blank under the argon protective atmosphere;
(5) sintering the obtained blank in a protective gas or vacuum environment, and cooling the sintered blank in a furnace to room temperature;
(6) taking out the green body after the first sintering, crushing, grinding the green body into powder by using an airflow mill, and screening coarse powder of 50-100 meshes;
(7) injecting the obtained coarse powder into a hydrogen storage element mould, and pressing into a green body meeting the use requirement;
(8) and placing the obtained blank into protective gas or vacuum environment for sintering, and cooling to room temperature in a furnace.
2. The method for rapidly manufacturing a hydrogen storage element by secondary sintering according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen storage element comprises 80 to 90 mass% of hydrogen absorbing and desorbing alloy and 10 to 20 mass% of impurity gas absorbing alloy.
3. The method for rapidly preparing the hydrogen storage element by secondary sintering according to claim 1, wherein in the steps (3) and (6), when the jet mill is adopted for grinding, argon or nitrogen is adopted as grinding gas, the working pressure is 0.3-0.7 MPa, the sorting frequency is 60-100 Hz, and the average particle size of the obtained powder is 40-60 μm; the purity of the argon or the nitrogen is more than or equal to 99.99 percent.
4. The method for rapidly preparing a hydrogen storage element by secondary sintering according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the powder is pressed into a cylindrical green body with the diameter of 20mm to 50mm and the thickness of 50mm to 80mm by a hydraulic press at the pressure of 60 MPa.
5. The method for rapidly preparing a hydrogen storage element by secondary sintering as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the temperature of the green body is raised to 800-.
6. The method for rapidly preparing a hydrogen storage element by secondary sintering as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (8), the blank is heated to 850-.
CN202011609972.2A 2020-12-29 2020-12-29 Method for rapidly preparing hydrogen storage element by secondary sintering Pending CN114686716A (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000054042A (en) * 1998-07-29 2000-02-22 Agency Of Ind Science & Technol Production of hydrogen storage alloy
CN111139374A (en) * 2020-01-06 2020-05-12 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 Multilayer annular element for absorbing and desorbing hydrogen and absorbing impurity gas and preparation method thereof
CN111342346A (en) * 2018-12-19 2020-06-26 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 Element with functions of absorbing and releasing hydrogen and adsorbing impurity gas and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000054042A (en) * 1998-07-29 2000-02-22 Agency Of Ind Science & Technol Production of hydrogen storage alloy
CN111342346A (en) * 2018-12-19 2020-06-26 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 Element with functions of absorbing and releasing hydrogen and adsorbing impurity gas and preparation method thereof
CN111139374A (en) * 2020-01-06 2020-05-12 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 Multilayer annular element for absorbing and desorbing hydrogen and absorbing impurity gas and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20220701